Why Should Anyone Be Familiar with Persian Literature?
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Annals of Language and Literature Volume 4, Issue 1, 2020, PP 11-18 ISSN 2637-5869 Why should anyone be Familiar with Persian Literature? Shabnam Khoshnood1, Dr. Ali reza Salehi2*, Dr. Ali reza Ghooche zadeh2 1M.A student, Persian language and literature department, Electronic branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran 2Persian language and literature department, Electronic branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran *Corresponding Author: Dr. Ali reza Salehi, Persian language and literature department, Electronic branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Literature is a tool for conveying concepts, thoughts, emotions and feelings to others that has always played an important and undeniable role in human life. Literature encompasses all aspects of human life as in love and affection, friendship and loyalty, self-sacrifice, justice and cruelty, manhood and humanity, are concepts that have been emphasized in various forms in the literature of different nations of the world. Poets and writers have endeavored to be heretics in the form of words and sentences and to promote these concepts and ideas to their community. Literature is still one of the most important identifiers of nations and ethnicities that no other factor has been able to capture. As a rich treasure trove of informative and educational material, Persian literature has played an important role in the development and reinforcement of social ideas and values in society, which this mission continues to do best. In this article, we attempt to explain the status of Persian literature and its importance. Keywords: language, literature, human, life, religion, culture. INTRODUCTION possible to educate without using the humanities elite. In spite of the many advances and developments in modern human life and their desire for Human society is a bio-cultural entity that machine life and the use of all kinds of new influences both our genetic and cultural heritage information and communication technologies, in its formation and survival. Human society literature still holds its place as a means of requires proper planning and management to transmission. And it has maintained the best survive and thrive with excellence and progress. possible sharing of human experiences, thoughts, It requires many factors and criteria for proper feelings and emotions between individuals in planning and management, including its scientific one community and the global community. findings and methods, especially the humanities Literature has always enriched the cultural and its findings directly. It is within the radius heritage of different nations, and it is undoubtedly of society and the optimal use of them is very one of the most important building blocks of effective in the macro-cultural and social culture without which it is difficult and difficult programs of the society, it enhances the cultural to deal with culture and civilization. As a rich and social indices of the society, as well as treasure trove of informative and educational defines and explains the general capacity of the material, Persian literature has played an important society within the scientific framework. Specifies role in the development and reinforcement of the thickness of it the field of space development social ideas and values in society, which this and continuous improvement it provides. mission continues to do best. THE MAIN SOURCES OF PERSIAN LITERATURE THE ROLE OF THE HUMANITIES IN ADVANCING SOCIETY Concept of Literature Society and country have succeeded in having a The word politeness means elegance and beauty, more dynamic, sciences and educated humanities, and we have two parts: the self- knowing and but it goes without saying that science is nothing the politeness. But in our language, polite without commitment and virtue, and it is not speech is called good speech and conduct, and Annals of Language and Literature V4 ● I1 ● 2020 11 Why should anyone be Familiar with Persian Literature? we refer to the beautiful works that are spoken scholars, most of whom became Muslims, also or written as literature. wrote their works in Arabic. The Literature In the remainder of this article, ancient Persian literature will be examined in two sections of Traditional knowledge consisted of the following poetry and prose, followed by literary genres, sciences: vocabulary, conjugation, syntax, including epic literature, music literature, and meanings, line rules, rules of reading, derivation, educational literature. borrowings, essays, history (Dehkhoda Dictionary) Poetry Psychological Origins of Literature Darri's poetry (attributed to the court) first The first state of literature is the enjoyment of penetrated and expanded in Khorasan and pleasant songs and beautiful speech that Verarud, with the support of the Persian emirates of preserves the physical life, and the pleasures, the Samani dynasty, and works and poems emotions, consciences and social desires in the appeared in the language that, unfortunately, except form of beautiful and nuanced speech express for Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, were all destroyed and the feelings of the reader or listener that create a only fragments and fragments fragmented. One beautiful and she wants to declare her love for of them is in Persian history books and beauty and beauty. memoirs. The Shahnameh, though related to the The purpose of literature is to use beautiful late Samani period, was completed after thirty emotions, subtle words, and subtle writings to years in the Ghaznavid period. guide social and moral well-being in society. Ghaznavids, who were originally alien to the Another task of literature is to prepare the Samanids, tried to spread Persian poetry like younger generation for a future life that can their gods. Due to their special interest in praise provide a blueprint for a future life. Therefore, and rhyming poetry, rhyming and madrigal the goal of the current generation's prosperity reading in the court of Ghaznah, with the literature is to advance the path of future life and presence of renowned poets such as the Onsori plan for a better life that informs people with (341 AH), Farrokhi Sistani (429 AH) and beautiful examples. Manouchehri (432 AH). In the poetry of the Samani period, the elements of Iranian culture THE OPPORTUNITY TO GET ACQUAINTED were greater, so much so that the poetry of this WITH PERSIAN LITERATURE period should be considered a continuation of pre-Islamic culture and its true offspring. The Persian-language fir tree has its roots in the ages. It has long been, and still is, and will With the expansion of the Ghaznavid dynasty, continue to be the canopy of safety, dynamism Persian poetry expanded from Khorasan to Ray and sophistication and the creation of the and Tabarestan. A few decades later, with the highest and greatest literary and cultural works. arrival of the Seljuks on the Iranian plateau, Literature requires our familiarity with the Persian poetry settled in Isfahan, Hamedan, order, prose, poetry and rank of each, and the Jabal, and Azerbaijan, and soon afterwards, it recognition of right from wrong and good from gained particular prominence and variety. evil. In the Seljuk era, Isfahan was the capital of the Persian literature in the Islamic era, after a brief second half of the fifth century AH, and poets break, emerged from the first centuries of Islam and poets came from Khorasan and elsewhere. with the Arabic alphabet, which was the The Nizaburi Amir Mu'azir was the emir of the continuation of pre-Islamic literature. Seljuk court, and other poets, such as Azargi Therefore, Persian Dari could be established in Heravi (465 AH) and Lamei (465 AH), the eastern and northeastern parts of Iran by proclaimed this dynasty as kings and princes. In forming independent and semi-independent the sixth century, Isfahan, with the presence of a Taherian, Saffarian and Samanian governments large number of poets led by Jamaluddin Abdul and later expanded into the Iranian plateau. Razaq Isfahani (588 AH), had become a hotbed Between the end of Sassanid rule and the of Persian poetry, commemorating the prosperity beginning of independent and semi-independent and glory of the Samaritan era. Imamate in Iranian governments, in addition to writing literary Khorasan continued with poets such as Abdul and religious works in the Middle Pahlavi script Wassa Jebeli (555 AH), Rashid Watawat (573 and language, many Iranian scholars and AH) and Anvari (585 AH) 12 Annals of Language and Literature V4 ● I1 ● 2020 Why should anyone be Familiar with Persian Literature? In Azerbaijan, Asadi Tusi and Qatar Tabrizi poetry. Before starting the discussion, it should paved the way for the emergence of great poets be said that all Persian prose texts cannot be such as Nizami Ganjavi and Khaghani Shirvani. examined in the field of literature because some of them are not artistic and imaginative and lack In the sixth century, poets and poets of Azerbaijan emotional affect and in them the instrumental with poets of Isfahan held discussions that aspect of language is more concerned. Like sometimes led to turbulence and discontent. Persian poetry, prose history goes back to pre- In Khorasan, late-fourth-century Shiite poet Islamic times. Kasai Marouzi, singing heretical and poetic Most of the remaining Middle Persian prose poems in the style of Khorasani, on the one texts, especially those of the Sassanid epistle hand paved the way for the emergence of and autobiography, are literary. After Islam, the philosophical and literary poems by Nasser official Persian prose came out of its primitive Khosrow and Qavami Razi, and on the other form after a pause, and during the Samanid hand, for the sage poetry of wisdom. (AD 535 period Persian Dari appeared. AH) prepared. The first surviving prose text is a leaf from the The ascetic poetry, which was not unprecedented in introduction of Abu Mansouri's Shahnameh, Arabic literature, gained new identity and written by a group of scholars from Khorasan strength in the Sana'i court.