Balam Balcanquhall

Citizens Geneva but that measure and and Pye Smith ( Vindication of of number, magnitude his multitude, and are two from Statements, &c., 1825). Continuing | quantity quotity, scientific investigations, Bakewell published distinct species of one common genus.' ' his ' Salt Ixiii. 86, in (Phil Mag. reprinted [Algebra, preface, cf. p. 15.] F. Y. E. ' x. his Silliman's American Journal,' 180) ; ' ' at Ixiv. is men- Lava Boulogne (Phil. Mag. 414) ; BALATINE, ALAN (ft. 1560), ' ' iii. in his Thermal Waters of the Alps (ib. 14, tioned by Edward Hall the list of the in xx. his writers from whose works he com- also reprinted Silliman, 219) ; English * ' ' Mantell's Collection of Fossils at Lewes piled his Chronicle.' Pits on this account Nat. Hist. iii. and a third edition classes him as an (Mag. 9) ; Englishman, but, according ' ' of his Geology in 1828, immediately re- to Dempster, he was of Scotch origin, and, printed in America. At that date Bakewell after studying privately, went to Germany, had settled at Harnpstead, where his garden where he completed his education, and also ' afforded him the opportunity of writing on taught in the gymnasiums. He wrote De ' ' ' l the action of the Pollen of Plants (Mag. Astrolabio,' De Terrse Mensura,' and Chro- Nat. Hist. ii. 1), and where he prepared the nicon Universale.' Dempster states that he ' ' following scientific papers : Organic Life,' flourished about 1560, but as Hall's Chro- 1831 (Phil. Mag. ix. 33, appearing also in nicle' was published in 1542, Balatine must ' ' ' Froriep's 'Notizen,' xxx. col. 134); Gold have written his Chronicon Universale at Mines in United States,' 1832 (Mag. Nat. least twenty years before 1560. He died in Hist. v. and ' Fossil in Nor- 434) ; Elephants Germany. 1835 ix. fourth of folk,' (ib. 37). A edition De 825 ' [Pits, Anglise Scriptoribus, p. ; the ' issued in Geology was 1833, which pro- Hist. Ecc. Gent. Scot. 100 Dempster's (1627), p. ; voked a criticism from Professor Sedgwick Tanner's Bibl. Brit. p. 66.] (Geol. Trans, iii. 472, 1835); it reached a fifth edition in 1838, and still has its readers BALCANQUHALL, WALTER (1548- and supporters of its theories. Bakewell died 1616), presbyteriau divine, derives his sur- at Downshire Hill, Hampstead, on 15 Aug. name originally from lands in the parish of 1843, aged 76 (Annual Register, 1843). Strathmiglo, Fifeshire. It is nearly certain that of the 'ilk' A list of Bakewell's fugitive productions Walter was of Balcanquhall, * that is in the Royal Society's Catalogue of Sci- and he was born there according to his at death in 1548 ' entific Papers,' 1867, p. 165, but it is in- age (cf. Sibbald's List correct. Three of the articles enumerated, of the Heritors' (1710) in History of Fife, * all three on Niagara,' are by one of the geo- appendix No. 2). logist's sons, also a Robert Bakewell. The Our earliest notice of him is that he was ' error is curious, because the geologist himself entered as minister of St. Giles, Edin- introduces this son to the scientific world in burgh,' on Whit Sunday 1574, when we learn ' r 1830, in the preface to the first of the three that he w as desyrit by other towns and ' papers in question (Mag. Nat. Hist. iii. 117). large stipend promist,' but yet he consented Robert Bakewell the younger became a resi- to stay and accept what they pleased.' At dent at New Haven, America, whence he this time he is described in James Melville's dated his second and third papers, 1847 'Diary' (p. 41, Wodrow Society) as 'ane and 1857. Another of the geologist's sons, honest, upright hearted young man, latlie * Frederick C. Bakewell, wrote Philosophical enterit to that menestrie of Edinbruche' ' Conversations,' 1833, and Natural Evidences []. He was elected to the chap- of a Future Life/ 1835, both of which passed laincy of the Altar called Jesus, 20 Nov. through several editions. 1579. Having preached a memorable ser- directed the influence [Poggendorff 's Biographisch - litterarisches mon, mainly against Handworterbuch Donaldson's of the French at 7 Dec. he was ; Agricultural Dic- court, 1580, and the authorities called before the council on the tionary ; cited in the article.] privy 9th, ' J.H. and discharged.' He attended the Earl of Morton while in prison under condemnation, BALAM, RICHARD (ft. 1653), mathe- 2 June 1581. When James VI of Scotland was the author of ' or matician, Algebra, the devised his scheme of re-establishing 'the Doctrine of ' composing, inferring, and resolv- bishops in Scotland, he found Balcanquhall, an ' ing Equation (1653). There seems to be along with James Lawson, Robert Pont, and in nothing original this work but a multitude , and their like-minded of terms which have with perished their in- brethren, in active opposition. On the calling ventor. The following sentence may be worth together of the estates of the realm in 1584, 'It seems quoting: probable to" me that the king sent an imperative message to the is not the true ' quantity genus of number; magistrates of Edinburgh to seize and im- Balcanquhall Balcanquhall prison any of the ministers who should ven- general assembly of 1602. In conjunction ture to speak against the proceedings of the with Robert Poiit, he again took his stand parliament.' But Balcanquhall (along with at the cross, and publicly protested in name ' ' r James Lawson) preached fearlessly against of the kirk against the A erdict of assize the and with Pont and the brethren who met in as- proposals ; along finding general others took his stand at the cross while the sembly at Aberdeen guilty of treason. Later, heralds proclaimed the acts passed by the sub- for condemning the proceedings of the gene- ' servient parliament, and publicly protested ral assembly in 1610 he was summoned before and took instruments' in the name of the the privy council and admonished. He ceased ' ' kirk of Scotland against them. The sermon preaching on 16 July 1616 from a disease in was delivered on 24 May. A warrant was his teeth, and died 1 4 Aug. following, in the issued, and Balcanquhall and Lawson fled sixty-eighth year of his age and forty-third to Berwick-on-Tweed (MELVILLE, Diary, of his ministry. p. 119). He married Margaret, a daughter of James The storm blew his house in i merchant in of over, though Marjoribanks, ; right whom Parliament was to another in he had become and brother' of Square given j 'burgess good the interval. On his return to Edinburgh, a i the city (15 Feb. 1591). They had three house formerly occupied by Durie was given sons, Walter [see BALCANQUHALL, WALTEK, to him (1585). On 2 Jan. 1586 he preached 1586 P-1645], Robert, minister of Tranent, ' before the king in the great kirk of Edin- and Samuel, and a daughter Rachel. ' ' burgh [St. Giles] when the sovereign after Counc. [Reg. Assig. Presby. ; Edinburgh Reg. ; sermon rebuikit Mr. Walter from publiclie Hew Scott's Fasti Ecclesise Scoticanse, i. pt. i. his seat in the loaft and said he [gallery] 5-6, 31; Brace's Sermons ; Balfour's Historical would there sould be Works Sterens's of Heriot [the king] prove ; Mem. ; Boke of the bishops and spiritual! magistrate endued ; Kirke; Crauford's Univ. of Edinburgh; Murray's with authoritie over the minestrie and that Life of A. B. Q-. ; Rutherford.] he [Balcanquhall] did not his dutie to con- ' demn that which he had done in parliament BALCANQUHALL, WALTER, D.D. (MELVILLE, Diary, p. 491). In this year (1586 P-1645), royalist, son of the Rev. (1586) he is found one of eight to whom was Walter Balcanquhall [q. v.], who steadfastly committed the discipline of Lothian by the opposed episcopacy, was born in Edinburgh ' general assembly. A larger house, which 'about 1586' the year of his father's re- ' had been formerly occupied by his colleague buke by King James. Convinced, it has "Watson, was assigned to him 28 July 1587, been alleged, by the arguments in favour of and his stipend augmented. He was ap- bishops maintained by the sovereign, he pro- pointed to attend the coronation of Queen ceeded to the with Anne, 17 May 1590. For some years he seems a purpose ultimately to take orders in the to have been wholly occupied with his pulpit ; church of In 1609 he ' England. graduated and pastoral work. In 1596, however, his M.A. He afterwards removed to Oxford, bold utterances again brought him into con- entering at Pembroke College. He passed flict with the but a warrant and was admitted a fellow on 8 sovereign ; having B.D., Sept. been again issued, again he escaped this time 1611. He was appointed one of the king's ' ' to Yorkshire, after being put to the horn as chaplains, and in 1617 he received the a fugitive. He appears to have been absent mastership of the Savoy, London. In 1618 from December 1596 to April or May 1597. James sent him to the synod of Dort. His ' In May 1597 he resigned his 'great charge letters from that famous synod, which were of St. Giles in order to admit of new addressed to Sir are paro- Dudley Carleton, pre- chial ' divisions of the city. In July he was served in John Hales's Golden Remains.' permitted to return, and was chosen 'mi- Before proceeding to Dort the university of ' nister of Trinity College Church, to which Oxford conferred upon him the degree of he was admitted 18 April 1598. He was D.D. In March 1624 he obtained the deanery the friend and companion of the Rev. Robert of Rochester, and in 1639 he was made Bruce, and bribes were tendered him in vain dean of Durham. The ' Calendars of State ' ' ' to get him to fall away from Bruce. On Papers from 1625 onward reveal him as a 10 Sept. 1600 he was once more in difficul- pushing suppliant for offices and dignities. ties, having been called before the privy On the death of the celebrated George Heriot council for doubting the truth of the Gowrie on 12 Feb. 1624, it was found that Balcan- f ' conspiracy. Transported by the general quliall was one of the three executors of his assembly to some other parish, 16 May 1601, will and was assigned the most responsible he was afterwards allowed to return to part in founding the hospital which was to Trinity College (19 June), and he was in the bear the royal jeweller's name, Balcanquhall Balcarres Balchen drew up the statutes in 1627, and, it is uni- on the coast of Ireland; but it was fully versally conceded, discharged the weighty eighteen months before he was appointed to trust imposed on him with integrity and the Firebrand for the Irish station. In De- ability. cember 1701 he was turned over to the Vulcan In 1638 he revisited his native country, as fireship, was attached to the main fleet under chaplain to the Marquis of Hamilton, the Sir George Rooke on the coast of Spain, and royal commissioner. Balcanquhall was ac- was with it at the capture or burning of the cused of shiftiness and treachery in his con- French and Spanish ships at Vigo, 12 Oct. ; ' duct towards the people who were con- 1702. It is uncertain whether' the Vulcan tending earnestly for their religious rights. took any active part in the burning, but He was the undoubted author of an apolo- Balchen brought home the Modere prize of getical narrative of the court proceedings 56 guns. A few months later, February ' under the title of His Majestie's Large De- 1702-3, he was appointed to the Adventure, claration concerning the Late Tumults in 44 guns, and continued in her for the next Scotland' (1639). On 29 July 1641 he and two years, cruising in the North Sea and in others of kin with him were denounced by the Channel, and for the most part between the Scottish parliament as ' incendiaries.' Yarmouth and Portsmouth. On 19 March j ' ' ' He was afterwards hardly entreated by 1704-5 he was transferred to the Chester, the dominant puritan party, and was one of and towards the end of the year was sent ' the ' sufferers celebrated by Walker in his out to the Guinea coast. He returned home ' Sufferings.' He retreated to Oxford and the following summer, and continued cruising shared the waning fortunes of the king. He in the Channel and on the Soundings, where, died at Chirk Castle, Denbighshire, on Christ- on 10 Oct. 1707, he was one of a small mas day 1645, whilst the echoes of Naseby squadron which was captured or destroyed were in the air. Sir Thomas Middleton by a very superior French force under Forbin erected a ' monument ' to him in and The Chester was splendid j Duguay-Trouin. taken, the parish church of Chirk. and a year later, 27 Sept. 1708, when Balchen had returned to on he was [Dr. Stevens's History of George Heriot's Hos- England parole, tried court-martial and Wood's Athense iii. ; pital ; (Bliss), 180, 839; by fully acquitted the decision of the court that Walker's Sufferings, pt. ii. 19; Anderson's Scot- being the tish Nation; The two Sermons'of 1634 on Psalm Chester was in her station, and was engaged cxsvi. 5, and S. Matt. xxi. 13.] A. B. Gr. by three of the enemy, who laid her on board, entered many men, and so forcibly got COUNTESS OP. BALCARRES, [See possession of the ship. He was, however, CAMPBELL, ANNA.] not exchanged till the next year, when, in August 1709, he was appointed to the Glou- BALCARRES, EAKLS OF. [See LIND- cester, a new of 60 then at SAY.] ship guns fitting Deptford. On 8 Oct. he had got her round BALCHEN, SIR JOHN (1670-1744), to Spithead, and wrote that he would sail in admiral, was to local tradi- a few but he had cleared born, according days ; scarcely the tion and an anonymous inscription on his land before he again fell in with Duguay- ' of obscure picture, very parentage, 4 Feb. Trouin (26 Oct., in lat. 50 10' N.), and was 1669-70, at in ' but he was Godalming, Surrey ; again captured. He therefore again tried in a memorial to the dated himself, admiralty, by court-martial for the loss of his ship 12 June all is 1699, related that really certain (14 Dec. 1709), when it appeared from the of his ' early history. I have served in the evidence that the Gloucester was engaged he 'for fourteen in for navy,' said, years past above two hours with Duguay's own ship, several and was lieutenant stations, of the the Lis, 74 guns, another firing at her at the and almost five Dragon Cambridge years, same time, and three other ships very near then had the honour of a commission from and ready to board her. She had her fore- Admiral Neville in the West Indies to com- yard shot in two, so that her head-sails were mand the Virgin's prize, which bears date rendered unserviceable, and had also received from 25 and was confirmed in July 1697, by much damage her other yards, masts, sails, lords of the my admiralty on our arrival in and rigging. The court was therefore of England. I continued in command of the opinion that Captain Balchen and the other till Virgin September 1698, then being paid officers and men had discharged their duties off, and never at time have any committed very well, and fully acquitted them. It may any misdemeanour which might occasion my be added that the French sold the Gloucester called to a court to be turned being martial, to the Spaniards, and that for many years she out or suspended.' He was asking for the was on the strength of the Spanish navy command of one of the small ships employed under the name of Conquistador.