Due secoli con Ivanhoe Atti della Giornata di Studio, Pisa 18 ottobre 2018 a cura di DOMITILLA CAMPANILE DIRETTORE (CHIEF EDITOR): Cesare Letta ([email protected]) VICEDIRETTORI (ASSISTANT EDITORS): Marisa Bonamici, Saverio Sani, Mauro Tulli COMITATO SCIENTIFICO (SCIENTIFIC BOARD): Roberto Ajello, Anna Anguissola, Franco Bellandi, Mario Benzi, Marilina Betrò, Marisa Bonamici, Pier Giorgio Borbone, Edda Bresciani, Maria Domitilla Campanile, Antonio Carlini, Bruno Centrone, Jesper Eidem, Fabio Fabiani, Margherita Facella, Franco Fanciullo, Rolando Ferri, Maria Letizia Gualandi, Umberto Laffi, Romano Lazzeroni, Cesare Letta, Gianfranco Lotito, Giovanna Marotta, Enrico Medda, Serena Mirto, Claudio Moreschini, Filippo Motta, Guido Paduano, Lisa Piazzi, Giovanni Salmeri, Saverio Sani, Mauro Tulli, Biagio Virgilio COMITATO CONSULTIVO INTERNAZIONALE (INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD) Pascal Arnaud (Lyon), Sebastian P. Brock (Oxford), Michael Erler (Würzburg), Robert A. Kaster (Princeton), Agnès Rouveret (Paris), Robartus Van der Spek (Amsterdam), Lukas Van Rompay (Duke University NC), Robert Wallace (Evanston), Nigel Wilson (Oxford), Vincent Zarini (Paris) REDAZIONE (EDITORIAL STAFF): Filippo Battistoni, Maria Isabella Bertagna, Michele Corradi, Fulvia Donati, Gabriele Gattiglia, Daniele Mascitelli, Giovanni Mazzini, Simonetta Menchelli, Gianluca Minia- ci, Andrea Nuti, Andrea Raggi, Lisa Rosselli, Domenica Romagno, Chiara O. Tommasi http://www.sco-pisa.it Due secoli con Ivanhoe : atti della Giornata di studio, Pisa 18 ottobre 2018 / a cura di Domitilla Campanile. - Pisa : Pisa University press, 2019. - (Nuova biblioteca di studi classici e orientali ; 2) 823.7 (WD) I. Campanile, Maria Domitilla 1. Scott, Walter - Ivanhoe - Congressi - 2018 CIP a cura del Sistema bibliotecario dell’Università di Pisa © Copyright 2019 by Pisa University Press srl Società con socio unico Università di Pisa Capitale Sociale Euro 20.000,00 i.v. - Partita IVA 02047370503 Sede legale: Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44 - 56126, Pisa Tel. + 39 050 2212056 Fax + 39 050 2212945 e-mail: [email protected] - www.pisauniversitypress.it ISBN: 978-88-3339-271-4 L’editore resta a disposizione degli aventi diritti con i quali non è stato possibile comunicare per omissioni o richieste di soggetti o enti che possano vantare dimostrati diritti sulle immagini riprodotte nel volume. SOMMARIO Domitilla Campanile Prefazione 5 Domitilla Campanile Introduzione 7 Roberta Ferrari «Amidst the Dust of Antiquity»: Scott, Ivanhoe e il racconto della storia 17 Emanuella Scarano Tumulti e rivoluzioni nel romanzo storico italiano 45 Tommaso di Carpegna Falconieri Ivanhoe, un cavaliere in redingote: sul mito della cavalleria nell’Ottocento 65 Chiara Tommasi Aspetti esoterici e ideali massonici nelle vicissitudini di Ivanhoe 85 Alfonso Maurizio Iacono Il romanzo storico tra ieri e oggi 103 Luigi Spina Rileggendo Ivanhoe per una giornata di studi (ovvero dalle parole agli Atti) 115 Guido Paduano Walter Scott e l’opera: La donna del lago 127 Chiara Savettieri Delacroix e i dipinti ispirati ad Ivanhoe: dall’illustrazione alla tragedia 143 Marco Battaglia Lo sfruttamento ideologico delle antichità germaniche in Ivanhoe 161 Manfred Giampietro L’Ivanhoe di Miklós Rózsa: appunti su una “drammaturgia sinfonica” 191 Domitilla Campanile Ivanhoe al cinema e in televisione 203 Giuseppe Pucci Ivanhoe reloaded 219 Cesare Letta Postfazione 233 INDICE DEI NOMI E DEI LUOGHI NOTEVOLI 237 DOMITILLA CAMPANILE INTRODUZIONE Introdurre un volume dedicato a Ivanhoe a duecento anni dalla pub- blicazione è un compito lieve; un romanzo continuamente ristampato, tradotto e trasposto in tutte le forme visive e sonore disponibili nelle varie epoche si è già conquistato un’attenzione particolare. Ivanhoe, in ogni caso, meriterebbe da parte degli studiosi il riguardo dovuto a un’opera che, insieme ad altre di Sir Walter Scott, ha creato il genere letterario noto come romanzo storico. Forse, però, non è così diffici- le comprendere come ‒ salvo alcune eccezioni ‒ il romanzo scottiano abbia suscitato, in realtà, un interesse accademico tenue; non di rado, infatti, capita che la grande popolarità di un testo possa rappresentare un ostacolo più che un invito alla ricerca. Sarebbe fuori luogo, però, insistere su questo fenomeno per intro- durre un volume dedicato a Ivanhoe; piuttosto che biasimare quanto non è stato fatto, è più gradevole notare come le tendenze intransigenti stiano diventando meno accentuate e che sempre più spesso un numero sempre più ampio di studiosi si stia impegnando in ricerche considerate in passato non degne di esplorazione. Credo che il miglior favore che si possa fare ai lettori sia ora cedere la parola all’Autore. Non si può introdurre meglio un volume su Ivanhoe, né si possono trovare risposte migliori a tutte le varie obiezioni suscitate dal romanzo storico di quelle fornite nella Dedicatory Epistle che Laurence Templeton, alter ego di Sir Walter Scott, indirizza proprio in Ivanhoe all’immaginario pedante Rev. Dr. Dryasdust. Se il Rev. Dryasdust è im- maginario, non sono immaginarie le critiche respinte da Scott con impa- reggiabile ironia e assoluto dominio della materia. Il cognome del noioso antiquario, Rev. Dryasdust, lascia già pregustare il resto. 8 DUE SECOLI CON IVANHOE DEDICATORY EPISTLE TO THE REV. DR DRYASDUST, F.A.S. logy in your eyes, yet I would not willingly stand conviction in those of Residing in the Castle-Gate, York. the public of so grave a crime, as my Much esteemed and dear Sir, fears lead me to anticipate my being It is scarcely necessary to men- charged with. tion the various and concurring rea- I must therefore remind you, that sons which induce me to place your when we first talked over together name at the head of the following that class of productions, in one of work. Yet the chief of these reasons which the private and family affai- may perhaps be refuted by the imper- rs of your learned northern friend, fections of the performance. Could Mr Oldbuck of Monkbarns, were so I have hoped to render it worthy of unjustifiably exposed to the public, your patronage, the public would at some discussion occurred between once have seen the propriety of in- us concerning the cause of the po- scribing a work designed to illustrate pularity these works have attained in the domestic antiquities of England, this idle age, which, whatever other and particularly of our Saxon forefa- merit they possess, must be admit- thers, to the learned author of the Es- ted to be hastily written, and in vio- says upon the Horn of King Ulphus, lation of every rule assigned to the and on the Lands bestowed by him epopeia. It seemed then to be your upon the patrimony of St Peter. I am opinion, that the charm lay entirely conscious, however, that the slight, in the art with which the unknown unsatisfactory, and trivial manner, author had availed himself, like a se- in which the result of my antiqua- cond M’Pherson, of the antiquarian rian researches has been recorded in stores which lay scattered around the following pages, takes the work him, supplying his own indolence from under that class which bears or poverty of invention, by the inci- the proud motto, “Detur digniori”. dents which had actually taken place On the contrary, I fear I shall incur in his country at no distant period, the censure of presumption in pla- by introducing real characters, and cing the venerable name of Dr Jonas scarcely suppressing real names. It Dryasdust at the head of a publica- was not above sixty or seventy years, tion, which the more grave antiquary you observed, since the whole north will perhaps class with the idle no- of Scotland was under a state of go- vels and romances of the day. I am vernment nearly as simple and as pa- anxious to vindicate myself from triarchal as those of our good allies such a charge; for although I might the Mohawks and Iroquois. Admit- trust to your friendship for an apo- ting that the author cannot himself INTRODUZIONE 9 be supposed to have witnessed tho- sess in the same proportion superior se times, he must have lived, you softness and beauty; and upon the observed, among persons who had whole, we feel ourselves entitled to acted and suffered in them; and even exclaim with the patriotic Syrian— within these thirty years, such an in- “Are not Pharphar and Abana, rivers finite change has taken place in the of Damascus, better than all the rivers manners of Scotland, that men look of Israel?” back upon the habits of society pro- Your objections to such an at- per to their immediate ancestors, as tempt, my dear Doctor, were, you we do on those of the reign of Queen may remember, two-fold. You in- Anne, or even the period of the Re- sisted upon the advantages which volution. Having thus materials of the Scotsman possessed, from the every kind lying strewed around very recent existence of that state him, there was little, you observed, of society in which his scene was to embarrass the author, but the dif- to be laid. Many now alive, you re- ficulty of choice. It was no wonder, marked, well remembered persons therefore, that, having begun to work who had not only seen the celebra- a mine so plentiful, he should have ted Roy M’Gregor, but had feasted, derived from his works fully more and even fought with him. All those credit and profit than the facility of minute circumstances belonging to his labours merited. private life and domestic character, Admitting (as I could not deny) the all that gives verisimilitude to a nar- general truth of these conclusions, I rative, and individuality to the per- cannot but think it strange that no at- sons introduced, is still known and tempt has been made to excite an in- remembered in Scotland; whereas terest for the traditions and manners in England, civilisation has been of Old England, similiar to that which so long complete, that our ideas of has been obtained in behalf of those our ancestors are only to be gleaned of our poorer and less celebrated nei- from musty records and chronicles, ghbours.