Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. The Civil War collapse collapse quinine homespun home front Know to Terms develop?Why conflict does lesson, fill inlesson, the fill last column. column,In the first answer the questions based onwhat you know before you study. the After WWhat doyou know? ESSENTIAL QUESTION EESSENTIAL AE______DT ______DATE ______NAME Lesson 3: S 1. 1. h Identifying S a E 1861? as governor of Texas in Clark Edward succeed toWho was elected t N

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Civil War? What wasthelastbattleof the war? What items were scarce during during theCivil War? successors asgovernor of Texas Who were SamHouston’s local politics. Lubbock was alifelong Democrat and was involved in state and governor in 1861, after having served as lieutenantgovernor. governor. Clark’s successor was Francis Lubbock. Hewas elected R. in Texas.state offices Edward Clark replaced Sam Houston as secession,After leaders pro-Confederate quickly took control of War?Civil Guiding Question The Texas HomeFront What was the Texas home front like during the Reading Essentials and Study Guide CLASS ______209 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. used to treat the the treat to used or the civilian world, world, civilian the or ______quinine, CLASS CLASS home front, in their homes and used it to make clothing. This cloth cloth This clothing. make it to used homes and their in continued most of the farm work during the war while the men fought the while war the during work farm of the most done previously had they ones the as well Basic food products such as coffee, tea, and flour were also in in also flour and were tea, coffee, as food products such Basic stopped shortages. major Newspapers other were There The economy of Texas changed during the Civil War. Shortages War. Civil the during changed of Texas The economy of much war, the Before problem. a major was cloth Obtaining • blockade Union the by caused of goods a scarcity • economy a struggling do to workers enslaved and • children, need for women, the men, as done by usually jobs • do the to need for women the Others helped poorer helped families. women Some wealthy As governor, Lubbock helped raise troops for the Confederacy Confederacy the for troops raise helped Lubbock As governor, affected the greatly The war this was difficult. The lack of medicines and the unhealthy unhealthy the and difficult. was of medicines The lack this quickly. spread to diseases allowed war of the conditions homespun North. the machine-made from fabrics the replaced grow to encouraged were farmers of cotton, Instead short supply. Some Southerners feed civilians. and to soldiers wheat and corn food. of healthful lack the from became sick to hard also were Medicines paper. of shortage a to due printing to went supplies medical most because home front, on the obtain called a drug example, For military. the but find tried Southerners substitutes, scarce. was malaria, disease of war supplies and food influenced how farmers and industries in in industries and farmers how influenced food and supplies of war Tyler and factories Austin in work. Small their did Confederacy the for the ammunition and weapons manufacture opened to were war other effort.war produce find to to had ways Southerners often Women blankets. and tents, shoes, saddles, as such supplies, goods. these make to groups formed North. the in When manufactured was South the sold in cloth the cloth. manufacture to prepared not was South out, the broke war called fabric woven loosely a coarse, wove women Instead, in wartime. These effects included homes, turning their in for soldiers cared They soldiers. the the food to and comfort providing and bandages into sheets returning soldiers. and encouraged the growth of Texas factories to make military make factories to growth of Texas the encouraged and Confederate the he joined 1863, ended in term his When supplies. office held the and became governor Murrah Pendleton army. war. end of the the until ? home front Hardships at Home, Home, at Hardships Word Meanings Progress Check Text by the blockade, and and blockade, the by were successful how those responses? What were some were What made Texans responses shortages the caused to How did the Texas Texas the did How change economy during the war? Highlight the effect the Highlight of on blockade Union the home front. Texas the What is the meaning of meaning the is What term the Reading Essentials and Study Guide Guide Study and Essentials Reading Determining

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NAME ______DATE Lesson 3: 3: Lesson 210 The Civil War Civil The Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Lesson 3: The Civil War Johnson had the huge task ofreuniting the country. to adjust to anew president time. President at adifficult Andrew was helping the Confederate cause. Instead, the nation was forced Lincoln was assassinated. His killer, John Wilkes Booth, believed he Confederacy, butabolition amajor became Union goal. the proclamation could enforced not be in most ofthe enslaved in the people Confederate states were free. At the time, Proclamat Emancipation the issued enslaved labor. 1, OnJanuary 1863, President Abraham Lincoln had governments were only the able to most basic perform functions. Many was in in the ruins. South had died State and property thebecame last of the battle Civil War. states advised Smith General to endthe fighting. Palmito Ranch Union were captured. soldiers resultedThe battle in only afew casualties, butmore than 100 The Union soldiers could not withstand the cavalry and retreated. Neither side was able to win until the Confederate cavalry arrived. sides clashed again in the ofPalmito Battle Ranch in May 1865. and waited forreinforcements. More troops arrived, and the two and the forces two both abrieffight, sides met.After pulled back withdrawing, not were However, Confederates the investigate. to force Confederates were withdrawing from Brownsville, so theythe CivilWar took place in sent Texas. Union forces a believed that the forces west ofthe Mississippi River, which included Texas. that hewould keep fighting. Smith commanded all Confederate month Lee’s after surrender, Edmund General Kirby Smith declared Lee surrendered to Union general Ulysses S.Grant. Lee’s army at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. OnApril 9, 1865, Davis was captured. Union troops then E. surrounded Robert General capital. TheConfederate government butPresident fled, Jefferson 1865, April Union troops entered Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate advantages, including alarger population and more industry. In In the end,the Confederacy could not overcome the Union’s Guiding Question The War Ends AE______DT ______DATE ______NAME Then, just days Lee five surrendered after to Grant, President A huge change was that the South could on nolongerdepend The aftermath ofthe war was challenging forthe Confederacy. A few days later, Confederate governors in Texas and nearby aresultAs ofSmith’s refusal to stop fighting, the last of battle Despite the surrender ofConfederate armies in the East, nearly a Hardships at Home, What led to the end ofthe Civil War? ion. This declared that all continued Reading Essentials and Study Guide Marking Marking the 6. 9. 9. Marking the 8. Explaining 7. Identifying Identifying CLASS in the Civil War? defeat the Confederacy the Unionhelped What factors two Proclamation. Emancipation the of Underline the purpose at Palmitovictory Ranch? the Confederates the What happened to give Grant. surrendered to General Lee when General Highlight where and Text Cause and Effect Cause andEffect Text ______211 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. ______CLASS CLASS or of Texas. Hamilton was a was Hamilton a or of Texas. Governor Murrah and other state officials fled state Mexico other to and Murrah Governor continued As Confederate armies surrendered, the Texas state government government state Texas the surrendered, armies As Confederate Jackson Andrew named Johnson President order, restore To the and rebuilt was South before the years bemany It would collapsed. no govern- with left This state the forces. Union by capture avoid to citizens. men attacked armed of Groups ment. asHamilton provisional govern was life when his war, the During a Democrat. and Unionist fled he had support Union, to of his of the because threatened of the critical North, speeches the giving Then he toured Mexico. Texans most but to North, the a hero, In he was slavery. and South a traitor. he was could soldiers and over, was war the Still, reunited. fully nation Texas. in homes their to return Jackson supported Andrew have you would Texan, War a post-Civil were If you War? Civil the battle in last the Ranch Battle of Palmito the was Why Hardships at Home, Home, at Hardships g n i Progress Check t Hamilton as governor? Why or why not? not? or why Why governor? as Hamilton i What were some some were What problems immediate the as faced South the war ended? Reading Essentials and Study Guide Guide Study and Essentials Reading r 2. Persuasive 2. 1. Expository1.

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10 . Check for Understanding Check WWriting NAME ______DATE Lesson 3: 3: Lesson 212 The Civil War Civil The