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1860 Circle the winner ______________, Stephen Douglas , Northern Democrat __________________John Breckinridge , Abraham________________ Lincoln , ____________John Bell Southern Democrat Republican Constitutional Union Platform: Platform: Platform: Platform: • enforce the Fugitive Slave • unrestricted • no expansion of slavery • preserve the Union Act expansion of slavery • protective tariffs • allow territories to vote on • annexation of Cuba • internal improvements practice of slavery CRITTENDEN COMPROMISE, December 1860 • In an attempt to ____________________________________________________,keep the nation together Senator John J. Crittenden proposed a compromise that ___________________________________________________offered concessions to the South including: • ________________________________Guaranteeing the existence of slavery in the South • Extending the ______________________________Missouri Compromise to the western territories • The compromise _______________failed • December 20, 1860 - _______________________South Carolina voted to secede from the Union • Many Southerners in ______________________________________President Buchanan’s cabinet resigned and his administration fell apart. • When Buchanan became president, there were _______32 states in the Union. • When he left, there were ______.25 Jefferson Davis, 1861 CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA • ______________________________________________________________________Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas joined South Carolina in voting to secede. • Together the seceded states created the _____________________________________Confederate States of America and elected _____________________Jefferson Davis as their president, and established their capital in _______________________________Richmond, Virginia • When it became clear that President Lincoln was going to use force against the South, the Upper South ( ___________ Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights reserved rights All Gal. Copyright©2017History _______________________________________________________________________________________________)Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas also seceded 1 • _______________________________4 slave states remained in the Union (Border States): • __________________MARYLAND - Union army resorted to ______________________martial law to keep the state under Federal control • __________________MISSOURI - ___________________Union troops prevented pro-Southerners from gaining control, ____________________guerrilla forces sympathetic to the South caused problems throughout the war • _________________KENTUCKY - voted to remain ___________,neutral North waited for South to violate neutrality before sending in Union troops and forcing Kentucky to remain in the Union • DELAWARE________________ Complete the key and color the map. What 2 states joined the Union during the Civil War? West Virginia and Nevada . • The immediate problem posed by the secession of the southern states were the ___________________Federal forts occupied by Federal troops now located in the ___________________________________________Confederate States of America • Fort Sumter in ______________________________South Carolina was cut off from Federal supplies and reinforcements • Buchanan refused to _________________________________________________________________________________________act with force during his last days as president, instead opting to leave the problem to _________________________________.Abraham Lincoln • Lincoln announced he would __________________________send provisions to the troops at Ft. Sumter Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights rights Allreserved Gal. Copyright©2017History • 4 am on April 12, 1861, South Carolina fired upon _____________________Ft. Sumter and the _______________________Civil War began 2 NORTH (United States) SOUTH (Confederate States of America) AKA - Union, Federals, Yankees & Billy Yanks AKA - Confederacy, Rebels & Johnny Reb Uniform Color ______________Blue ____________Gray Number of _______ (West Virginia & Nevada are not States 23 _______11 included in this number) • _______New , untried government • __________States had more power than the • a working and established _______________government Government central government which made collecting • Capital: Washington,____________________ D.C. taxes and passing laws difficult • Capital: ___________________________Richmond, Virginia _________________22 million and the number Population continued to increase as immigrants ____________,9 million 3.5 million of which were slaves flowed in during the war years • contained 85%_____ of the nation’s factories • __________________________________limited industry • contained 90% of skilled workers • had to rely on ____________ for its war Industry imports • ______________________________________ materials making it vulnerable to able to produce all of the supplies Northern blockades ______________________________________and weapons needed for the war • extensive ___________________railroad system meant men • ______________________inadequate railroad system and supplies could be moved quickly (contained less than 30% of nation’s • large group of _________________________merchant marines Transportation (shipping vessels and the people that railroad mileage) worked on them) •few_____________________________________ merchant ships or naval vessels • _______________________________________naval supremacy • controlled _______70% of nation’s wealth • Was hurt by ________________________,Northern blockades • To fund the war, the North: unwillingness of foreign banks to provide • levied high tariffs on _____________imports large loans, and opposition to direct taxation by the Confederate government Finances • introduced an ____________________income tax • To fund the war, the South: • issued paper money called • _____________________________raised excise taxes ______________greenbacks that were not backed by gold, but by the government • sold government bonds • sold government bonds to banks and . • ______________________________ individuals issued paper money • very few experienced officers since most • superior military leadership joined the Confederate army when their • Southerners were accustomed to life in the home state seceded outdoors, the use of weapons, and riding • city dwellers and factory workers were not horses Military prepared for the life of a soldier and needed • had the advantage of fighting on their own Forces a lot of training soil • had to fight an offensive war • drafted men between ages of 18-35 except • drafted men between the ages of 20-45, but those who owned 20 or more slaves (about Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights reserved rights All Gal. Copyright©2017History those who did not want to fight could find a 10% of slave owners owned more than 20 3 substitute or pay $300 slaves) Lt. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest General Robert E. Lee Gen. Stonewall Jackson Known as a brilliant military Commander of the Served under Robert E. Lee tactician, was also an early Confederate Army of and was key in winning many member of the Ku Klux Klan Northern Virginia battles, died in 1863 Major Gen. George Pickett General J.E.B. Stuart Gen. James Longstreet Best known for leading the futile Pickett’s Charge on the rd . 3 day of the Battle of Calvary Commander of the Gettysburg Corps Commander of Army Army of Northern Virginia of Northern Virginia, joined the Republican Party after the war and had a successful post-war career working in the U.S. government Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights rights Allreserved Gal. Copyright©2017History 4 Gen. Albert Sidney Johnson General Joseph Johnson General P.G.T. Beauregard Killed during the Battle of Highest ranking U.S. officer to Commanded armies in the Shiloh and was the highest resign and join the Western theater, surrendered ranked officer on either side Confederacy, fought against to General Sherman at Bennett to be killed in the war Sherman during his March to Farm in Durham, NC in the the Sea and later surrendered largest surrender of at Bennett Farm on April 26, Confederate troops on April 1865 26, 1865 . General Ulysses S. Grant Led troops to victory in Tennessee George B. McClellan and Mississippi, and, in 1864, became Commanding General of Union Army Organized and led Union army during the 1862 Peninsula Campaign, removed after the Battle Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights rights Allreserved Gal. Copyright©2017History of Antietam 3 Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock Admiral David Farragut 1864, became commander of Best known for his leadership Western forces, his March to the Led the Union Navy to victory during the Battle of Gettysburg Sea devastated the Confederacy in New Orleans Gen. Winfield Scott General George Custer General Ambrose Burnside Hero of the Mexican-American War, Commanding General of the Had a successful career during the U.S. Army until 1861, came up with Civil War and, in 1867, was the Anaconda Plan dispatched to lead troops in the Led troops to victory in North West against the Native Americans Carolina and Tennessee but suffered a disastrous defeat at Fredericksburg (and the term “sideburns” was derived from his fashionable whiskers) . General George Meade After the disastrous defeat at 2nd Bull General John Pope Run, he was sent West to command Union Commanded the Army of the forces in the 1862 Dakota War Potomac, best known for leading Copyright©2017History Gal. All rights rights Allreserved Gal. Copyright©2017History the Union to victory
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