The Penguin Book of Card Games
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PENGUIN BOOKS The Penguin Book of Card Games A former language-teacher and technical journalist, David Parlett began freelancing in 1975 as a games inventor and author of books on games, a field in which he has built up an impressive international reputation. He is an accredited consultant on gaming terminology to the Oxford English Dictionary and regularly advises on the staging of card games in films and television productions. His many books include The Oxford History of Board Games, The Oxford History of Card Games, The Penguin Book of Word Games, The Penguin Book of Card Games and the The Penguin Book of Patience. His board game Hare and Tortoise has been in print since 1974, was the first ever winner of the prestigious German Game of the Year Award in 1979, and has recently appeared in a new edition. His website at http://www.davpar.com is a rich source of information about games and other interests. David Parlett is a native of south London, where he still resides with his wife Barbara. The Penguin Book of Card Games David Parlett PENGUIN BOOKS PENGUIN BOOKS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, USA Penguin Group (Canada), 90 Eglinton Avenue East, Suite 700, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4P 2Y3 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Ireland, 25 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Group (Australia) Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi – 110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), 67 Apollo Drive, Rosedale, North Shore 0632, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England www.penguin.com The Penguin Book of Card Games first published by Allen Lane 1979 Second edition, entitled The Penguin Encyclopedia of Card Games, first published by Penguin Books 2000 This updated edition, entitled The Penguin Book of Card Games, first published 2008 1 Copyright © David Parlett, 1979, 2000, 2008 All rights reserved The moral right of the author has been asserted Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser 978-0-14-191610-1 To Dan Glimne…Ace of Swedes Contents Preface Introduction Cards by nature Plan of attack Playing the game What shall we play? You must remember this… 1 Bridge-Whist family Contract Bridge, Bridge: partnership variants, Non-partnership Bridge, Three-handed Bridge, Two-handed Bridge, Whist, Whist variants, Bid whist, Spades, Kaiser, Forty-One, Vint, Quinto, Whist for three players, Whist for two players, Calypso 2 Solo family Solo whist, Belgian whist, Solo variants, Boston, Ombre, Quadrille, Related games, Preference (Austrian), Preference (Russian), Asszorti, Vira, Oh Hell!, Ninety-Nine 3 Euchre family Euchre, Pepper, Five Hundred, Ecarté, Twenty-Five, Auction Forty-Fives, Nap, Brandle, Redbeard, Bourré, Julep, Five-card Loo, Norrlandsknack, Femkort, Three-card Loo, Tomato, Zwicken, Toepen, Cucumber, Truc, Put, Aluette, 4 Hearts family Hearts, Related to Hearts…, Barbu, Tëtka, Reversis, Schieberamsch, Bassadewitz, Coteccio 5 Piquet and others Piquet, Piquet for three and more, Imperial, Gleek 6 High-low-Jack family All fours, Pitch, Smear, Cinch, Don 7 Point-trick games Manille, Spanish Solo, Fifteens, Forty for Kings, Tressette, Terziglio, Stovkahra, Roque, Da Bai Fen, Zheng Fen 8 Ace-Ten games Skat, Schafkopf, Doppelkopf, Avinas, Owcy Glowa, Six-Bid, Bavarian Tarock, Einwerfen, Yukon, Catch-the-Ten, Reunion, Madrasso, Briscola, Bohemian Schneider, Bura, Sedma 9 King-Queen games Sixty-Six, Bondtolva, Tute, Gaigel, Tysiacha, Mariás, Ulti, Pip-Pip!, Zetema 10 Queen-Jack games Bezique, Marjolet, Pinochle 11 Jack-Nine games Klaberjass, Belote, Coinche, Jo-Jotte, Klaverjas, Handjass, Schieber, Pandour, Grevjass 12 Karnöffel family Karnöffel, Watten, Brus, Stýrivolt, Alkort, Voormsi 13 Tarots and tarocks Scarto, Ottocento, French Tarot, Tapp Tarock, Paskievics, Cego 14 Catch and collect games Card-catching games, Gops, Thirty-One, Other collecting games 15 Fishing games Cassino, Zwicker, Cuarenta, Scopa, Scopone, Varieties of Scopa/Scopone, Basra, Other fishing games 16 Cribbage and other adders Cribbage, Cribbage variants, Noddy, Costly Colours, Counting games (Adders) 17 First out wins Newmarket, Domino, Crazy Eights, Switch, Eleusis, Arsehole, Zheng Shàngyóu, Tieng Len 18 Last in loses Rolling Stone, Sift Smoke, Durak, Challenge, Dudak, Mustamaija, Kitumaija, Hörri, Skitgubbe, NLK, Shithead, Scapegoat games, Cheat, Paskahousu 19 Rummy family Rummy, Basic Rummy variants, Loba, Gin, Thirty-One Rum, Wushiyi Fen, Conquian, Kaluki, Contract Rummy, Push, Vatican 20 Canasta family Canasta, Canasta variants, Hand and Foot, 500 Rum, Arlington, Continental Rummy, Pináculo 21 CompetitivePatiences Spite and Malice, Racing Demon, Spit, Grabbage, Pirate, Conjugal Patience, Progressive Patience, Dictation, Poker Squares, Cribbage Squares 22 Vying games Poker basics, Draw Poker, Stud Poker, Flop Poker, Wild-card Poker, Short-pack Poker, Freak-hand Poker, Dealer’s Choice games, Brag, Mus, Primiera, Poch, Bouillotte, Related vying games 23 Banking games Twenty-One/Pontoon, Blackjack, Baccara, Pai Gow Poker, Yablon, Speculation, Other notable banking games 24 Original card games Abstrac, Caterpillar, Counterbluff, Dracula, Duck Soup, Galapagos, Garbo, Get Stuck, Over the Top, Parity, Cross Purposes, Throps, Gooseberry Fool, Bugami, Collusion, Mismatch, Seconds, Concerto, Tantony, Anarchy, Minimisère, Squint, Sex Technical terms Index of games Preface This book aims to provide a working description of as many card games as possible that are or have been played in the western world with the traditional four-suited pack. It is based on my Penguin Book of Card Games, which first appeared in 1979 and is widely regarded as a standard authority, but which, for several reasons listed below, needs to be revised. For instance: 1. Some standard games played at tournament level, such as Bridge and Skat, have undergone revisions to the official rules published by the appropriate authorities. 2. Popular or ‘folk’ games that are not subject to official rules (but which account for well over 95 per cent of all card games played) are in a constant state of flux, and it is obviously desirable to keep abreast of developments. 3. Many previously unrecorded games have come to light in the past 30 years – some relatively new, some previously thought to be extinct, and some actually extinct but whose rules have now been recovered. Two modern developments have boosted the discovery, or recovery, of many more games than might have been thought possible a few years ago. One is a growing awareness that a society’s indoor games are as distinctive of its culture as its arts, cuisine, or social customs, and are worth recording for the light they throw on that community’s personality. The exploration of card games has become a particular pursuit of the International Playing-Card Society, founded in the late 1960s originally as a forum for playing-card collectors. Many field researchers are members of the Society, and report their findings in its bi-monthly Journal, now known as The Playing-Card. Another has been a growth in the popularity of card-play itself, and that, paradoxically, through the very medium which might have and that, paradoxically, through the very medium which might have been expected to have led to its decline – namely, computers. A quick trawl though the murky water sof the Internet will soon throwu pop portunities to indulge in live play with physically remote opponents, news of clubs and tournaments devoted to an increasing variety of games, newsgroups seeking information as to the availability of cards themselves or rules of obscure games, and websites devoted to a miscellany of cartophilic enthusiasms. The most important of these is the Pagat website, <http://www.pagat.com>, conducted by John McLeod, a prominent member of the IPCS and himself a well-travelled field researcher. Its intrinsic authority is constantly enhanced by the contributions of interested and knowledgeable players from all over the world, making of it a living, growing, interactive encyclopedia of the cybersphere. This links directly to the home page of the Society via <www.netlink.co.uk/users/pagat/ipcs>. Other useful sites include my historic card games pages <http://www.davpar.com/histocs/>, and that of Roderick Somerville, <http://www.playingcardsales.co.uk>, for the purchase of national, regional and other specialist playing-cards. The various sets of national suit symbols used throughout this book were taken from a font designed by Gyula Szigri which can be downloaded from <http://www.pagat.com/com/cardsttf.html>. The designer makes no charge for their use beyond the normal courtesy of acknowledgement. Many thanks are due, and are duly tendered, to John McLeod and Andrew Pennycook, with whom I have shared much information and discussion