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Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada

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Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada Data Series 827 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Ferocactus cylindraceous Limestone Bedrock Shrubland Alliance at sample 2004 in Coyote Springs Area of Critical Environmental Concern. Pleuraphis rigida Shrub Herbaceous Alliance at sample 5228 in Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area. Acacia greggii Intermittently Flooded Shrubland Alliance at sample 1999 in Piute-Eldorado Valley Area of Critical Environmental Concern. Yucca schidigera-Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa Wooded Shrubland Alliance at sample 5039 near Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area. Cover. Larrea tridentata-Ambrosia dumosa Shrubland Alliance at sample 1843 in Mormon Mesa Area of Critical Environmental Concern. All photos taken by David A. Charlet. Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada By David A. Charlet1, Nancy A. Damar, and Patrick J. Leary1 1American West Ecology Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management Data Series 827 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior SALLY JEWELL, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2014 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1–888–ASK–USGS. For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also may contain copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must be secured from the copyright owner. Suggested citation: Charlet, D.A., Damar, N.A., and Leary, P.J., 2014, Vegetation database for land-cover mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey, Data Series 827, 18 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds827 ISSN 2327-638X (online) iii Contents Abstract ..........................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1 Concurrent Data Collection .................................................................................................................1 Purpose and Scope ..............................................................................................................................1 Data Collection Methods ..............................................................................................................................3 Modified National Vegetation Classification Plot Sampling Approach .......................................3 Rapid Assessment Community Ecology Sampling Approach .......................................................3 Sample Site Selection ..........................................................................................................................4 Data Recorded.......................................................................................................................................4 Data Classification .........................................................................................................................................4 Database Design ............................................................................................................................................5 References Cited............................................................................................................................................7 Appendix 1. Geospatial Database Components and Attributes .............................................................8 Appendix 2. List of Symbols Used in Stand Names ................................................................................11 Figures 1. Map showing sample sites and study areas in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada ....................................................................................................2 2. Schematic of the database design ............................................................................................6 Tables 1. Summary comparison of modified National Vegetation Classification plot and rapid assessment community ecology sampling methods .....................................3 2. National Vegetation Classification hierarchy ..........................................................................5 iv Conversion Factors SI to Inch/Pound Multiply By To obtain Length meter (m) 3.281 foot (ft) kilometer (km) 0.6214 mile (mi) meter (m) 1.094 yard (yd) Area square meter (m2) 0.0002471 acre Horizontal coordinate information is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Abbreviations ACEC Area of Critical Environmental Concern BLM Bureau of Land Management DNWR Desert National Wildlife Refuge GIS geographic information system GPS Global Positioning System RRCNCA Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area NVC National Vegetation Classification RACE rapid assessment community ecology USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture USGS U.S. Geological Survey v Acknowledgments Many College of Southern Nevada students contributed to the field data collection effort. Jeremy Chambers, Toni Leufven, Drew Pearson, Tim Schelz, Dagny Signorelli, and Tamara Wynn all made significant contributions that we greatly appreciated. Angela Pitt, Fred Landau, Phoenix King, and Jennifer Leary worked hard in the field in all kinds of weather conditions to put together a good data set for Red Rock Canyon. Doug Merkler was of tremendous assistance with soils information and field coordination. Craig Westenburg was essential to virtually every aspect of the work. vi This page intentionally left blank. Vegetation Database for Land-Cover Mapping, Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada By David A. Charlet, Nancy A. Damar, and Patrick J. Leary Abstract Concurrent Data Collection Floristic and other vegetation data were collected at During the study period, the field team also collected 3,175 sample sites to support land-cover mapping projects vegetation data for a county-wide ecosystem geographic in Clark and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, from 2007 to 2013. information system (GIS) modeling effort known as the Data were collected at sample sites that were selected to fulfill “Ecosystem Indicators” project for the Clark County Multiple mapping priorities by one of two different plot sampling Species Habitat Conservation Plan (Heaton and others, 2011). approaches. Samples were described at the stand level and The team also was contracted to collect vegetation data in classified into the National Vegetation Classification hierarchy Desert National Wildlife Refuge (DNWR; fig. 1) in Clark at the alliance level and above. The vegetation database is and Lincoln Counties, Nevada, for a U.S. Fish and Wildlife presented in geospatial and tabular formats. Service mapping project (Westenburg and Charlet, 2013). Throughout the study period, data from all efforts were provided as a courtesy for all studies. The products from these efforts vary in scale, resolution, Introduction and detail, but the vegetation data were collected to a consistent standard. All locations sampled by the field team In 2006, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in were included in the database for completeness. cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), began a study to map land cover in Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area (RRCNCA; fig. 1). The geographic extent Purpose and Scope of the study was expanded in 2010 to include three BLM The vegetation data were collected to be used as input for Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) in Clark GIS and remote-sensing software programs. These programs County: Coyote Springs, Mormon Mesa, and Piute-Eldorado use known ground conditions to analyze spectral data from Valley (fig. 1). The study produced high-resolution, detailed satellite imagery in order to make predictions about ground land-cover data sets by using a combination of floristic data conditions in locations for which there are no ground data. collected on the ground and remote-sensing classification Therefore, the purpose of the data collection was to describe techniques on high-resolution satellite imagery (Smith and existing ground conditions as well or better than could be others, 2014). discerned through spectral analysis. Sample sites were selected These data are from 3,175 specifically selected sample to fulfill this purpose, so no inferences about overall patterns sites. Data were collected by using two different plot sampling and distributions of vegetation can be made from these data methods from 2007 to 2013. Sampling by either method alone. identified a homogenous plant community at the stand level. The purpose of this report is to describe the methods used All sample sites were described with a stand name, in which to collect and classify the vegetation samples and to describe any species that occupied 5 percent or greater cover in any the
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