Thesis. 11 Figure 2 Structure of Part II of This Thesis
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July 18, 2012 Chairman Julius Genachowski Federal Communications Commission 445 12Th Street SW Washington, DC 20554 Re
July 18, 2012 Chairman Julius Genachowski Federal Communications Commission 445 12th Street SW Washington, DC 20554 Re: Letter, CG Docket No. 09-158, CC Docket No. 98-170, WC Docket No. 04-36 Dear Chairman Genachowski, Open data and an independent, transparent measurement framework must be the cornerstones of any scientifically credible broadband Internet access measurement program. The undersigned members of the academic and research communities therefore respectfully ask the Commission to remain committed to the principles of openness and transparency and to allow the scientific process to serve as the foundation of the broadband measurement program. Measuring network performance is complex. Even among those of us who focus on this topic as our life’s work, there are disagreements. The scientific process happens best in the sunlight and that can only happen when as many eyes as possible are able to look at a shared set of data, work to replicate results, and assess its meaning and impact. This ensures the conclusions from the broadband measurement allow for meaningful, data-driven policy making. Since the inception of the broadband measurement program, those of us who work on Internet research have lauded its precedent-setting commitment to open-data and transparency. Many of us have engaged with this program, advising on network transparency and measurement methodology and using the openly-released raw data as a part of our research. However, we understand that some participants in the program have proposed significant changes that would transform an open measurement process into a closed one. Specifically, that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is considering a proposal to replace the Measurement Lab server infrastructure with closed infrastructure, run by the participating Internet service providers (ISPs) whose own speeds are being measured. -
Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees
Internet Hall of Fame Announces 2013 Inductees Influential engineers, activists, and entrepreneurs changed history through their vision and determination Ceremony to be held 3 August in Berlin, Germany [Washington, D.C. and Geneva, Switzerland -- 26 June 2013] The Internet Society today announced the names of the 32 individuals who have been selected for induction into the Internet Hall of Fame. Honored for their groundbreaking contributions to the global Internet, this year’s inductees comprise some of the world’s most influential engineers, activists, innovators, and entrepreneurs. The Internet Hall of Fame celebrates Internet visionaries, innovators, and leaders from around the world who believed in the design and potential of an open Internet and, through their work, helped change the way we live and work today. The 2013 Internet Hall of Fame inductees are: Pioneers Circle – Recognizing individuals who were instrumental in the early design and development of the Internet: David Clark, David Farber, Howard Frank, Kanchana Kanchanasut, J.C.R. Licklider (posthumous), Bob Metcalfe, Jun Murai, Kees Neggers, Nii Narku Quaynor, Glenn Ricart, Robert Taylor, Stephen Wolff, Werner Zorn Innovators – Recognizing individuals who made outstanding technological, commercial, or policy advances and helped to expand the Internet’s reach: Marc Andreessen, John Perry Barlow, Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder, François Flückiger, Stephen Kent, Henning Schulzrinne, Richard Stallman, Aaron Swartz (posthumous), Jimmy Wales Global Connectors – Recognizing individuals from around the world who have made significant contributions to the global growth and use of the Internet: Karen Banks, Gihan Dias, Anriette Esterhuysen, Steven Goldstein, Teus Hagen, Ida Holz, Qiheng Hu, Haruhisa Ishida (posthumous), Barry Leiner (posthumous), George Sadowsky “This year’s inductees represent a group of people as diverse and dynamic as the Internet itself,” noted Internet Society President and CEO Lynn St. -
Prayer Cards | Joshua Project
Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Anii in Benin Dendi, Dandawa in Benin Population: 47,000 Population: 274,000 World Popl: 66,000 World Popl: 414,700 Total Countries: 2 Total Countries: 3 People Cluster: Guinean People Cluster: Songhai Main Language: Anii Main Language: Dendi Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: 1.00% Evangelicals: 0.03% Chr Adherents: 2.00% Chr Adherents: 0.07% Scripture: Unspecified Scripture: New Testament www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Kerry Olson Source: Jacques Taberlet "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Foodo in Benin Fulani, Gorgal in Benin Population: 45,000 Population: 43,000 World Popl: 46,100 World Popl: 43,000 Total Countries: 2 Total Countries: 1 People Cluster: Guinean People Cluster: Fulani / Fulbe Main Language: Foodo Main Language: Fulfulde, Western Niger Main Religion: Islam Main Religion: Islam Status: Unreached Status: Unreached Evangelicals: 0.01% Evangelicals: 0.00% Chr Adherents: 0.02% Chr Adherents: 0.00% Scripture: Portions Scripture: New Testament www.joshuaproject.net www.joshuaproject.net Source: Bethany World Prayer Center Source: Bethany World Prayer Center "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 "Declare his glory among the nations." Psalm 96:3 Pray for the Nations Pray for the Nations Fulfulde, Borgu in Benin Gbe, Seto in Benin Population: 650,000 Population: 40,000 World Popl: 767,700 World -
Download File
INTERNET FOR ALL Proceedings of the Third Internet Governance Forum Hyderabad, India 3-6 December 2008 Edited by Don MacLean General Table of Contents Message by Sha Zukang, Under-Secretary-General, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) ……………………..i Introduction……………………………………………………………...……….ii Preface ......................................................................................................... 1 Setting the Scene ....................................................................................... 5 Opening Ceremony, 3 December 2008.....................................................6 Opening Session, 3 December 2008.......................................................16 Part 1 – Reaching the Next Billion.............................................................. 34 Chairman’s Summary of the Main Sessions..........................................35 Panel Discussion on Realizing a Multilingual Internet .........................39 Panel Discussion on Access...................................................................50 Open Dialogue on Reaching the Next Billion ........................................67 Reports of Workshops, Best Practice Forums, Open Forums and Dynamic Coalitions ..................................................................................84 Part 2 – Promoting Cyber-security and Trust ........................................... 117 Chairman’s Summary of Main Sessions ..............................................118 Panel Discussion on Dimensions of Cyber-security -
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity
The Evolution of Linguistic Diversity Daniel Nettle Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD University College London 1996 ProQuest Number: 10044366 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10044366 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the causes and consequences of diversity in human language. It is divided into three sections, each of which addresses a different aspect of the topic. The first section uses computer simulations to examine various mechanisms which may produce diversity in language: imperfect learning, geographical isolation, selection on the basis of social affiliation, and functional selection amongst linguistic variants. It is concluded that social and functional selection by speakers provide the main motive forces for the divergence of languages. The second section examines the factors influencing the geographical distribution of languages in the world. By far the most important is the ecological regime in which people live. Seasonal climates produce large ethnolinguistic groups because people form large networks of exchange to mitigate the subsistence risk to which they are exposed. -
Languages Avec Territoire Propre Au Mali 17 Mai 2006 Par Lee Hochstetler (SIL) Police Utilise'e: RCI Std Doulos = Rcidolr.Ttf
Languages avec Territoire Propre au Mali 17 mai 2006 par Lee Hochstetler (SIL) Police utilise'e: RCI Std Doulos = rcidolr.ttf BF= Burkina Faso, RCI = Ivory Coast, GH=Ghana, Gui =Guinea, GuB = Guinea Bisau, SL = Sierra Leone, Sen= Senegal, M=Mauritania, Alg =Algeria, Nig =Niger Glossonym <langue> Code Ethnologue Autre pays Nom alternatif et par qui dialectes majeurs Commentaires Hasanya Arabic [MEY] M, Sen. Appelle' hasanya arabic par SIL Mali. Appelle hasanya par gouvt malien. Appelle maure-orthographe franchise du gouvt malien. Appelld suraka par bambaraphones. Appelle suraxe par les soninke. Bamako Sign Lg. [BOG] Mali seul C.E.C.I., B.P. 109, Bamako Not related to other sign languages. Another community of deaf people in Bamako use a West African variety of American Sign Language. Bamanan<kan> [BAM] RCI, BF Appelle bamanankan par gouvt malien. Appelle bambara-orthographe franchise par gouvt malien et par bcp d'europeens. Dialectes:Bamako, Somono, Segou, San, Beledugu, Ganadugu, Wasulu, Sikasso. Banka<gooma> [BXW] Mali seul Appelle samogho par des gen£ralistes diachroniques. Parle a l'ouest de Danderesso (au nord de Sikasso). Kona<bere> [BBO] BF Appelle northern bobo madare par SIL BF. Appelle' black bobo [perj] par certains anglophones. Appelle' bobo-fin [perj] par certains bambaraphones. Appelle bobo par ceux qui generalize trop (il y a 2 varietes au BF). Ne le confondez pas avec le bomu. Bomu ou Bore [BMQ] BF Appelle bobo par gouvt malien. Boomu—un ancien orthographe du gouvt malien. Appelle' bobo oule [pej] par certains bambaraphones. Langues Maliennes.rtf Page 05/18/06 2 Appelle' red bobo [pej] par certains anglephones. -
Establishment of Literacy Standards for an Oral Language: the Case of Nafara Discourse Patterns, Côte D'ivoire, West Africa Sidiky Diarassouba
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2007 Establishment of Literacy Standards for an Oral Language: The Case of Nafara Discourse Patterns, Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa Sidiky Diarassouba Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF EDUCATION ESTABLISHMENT OF LITERACY STANDARDS FOR AN ORAL LANGUAGE: THE CASE OF NAFARA DISCOURSE PATTERNS, CôTE D’IVOIRE, WEST AFRICA by SIDIKY DIARASSOUBA A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Middle and Secondary Education In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2007 Copyright © 2007 Sidiky Diarassouba The members of the committee approved the Dissertation of Sidiky Diarassouba defended on March 2, 2007 __________________________(Signed) Pamela S. Carroll Professor Directing Dissertation ___________________________(Signed) Joseph Hellweg Outside Committee Member ___________________________(Signed) Deborah Hasson Committee Member ____________________________(Signed) Jeffrey Milligan Committee Member Approved:________________________(Signed) Pamela S. Carroll, Chair, Middle and Secondary Education The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii In Memory of Judy Kathryn Josserand Suddenly and violently snatched away from our earthly affection. May the Almighty have mercy on her and grant her peace and happiness in the hereafter. For Nnou Mêtanh Raissa Adja Gnima Issouf Who have borne the burden of loneliness, in addition to all the various and sundry emotions that have been caused by my prolonged absence from home. In remembrance of Madjuma Pitchiinh Sita Kapiéne Adama Tiohna Tiohdana Tiagnipilé Gnamangolo My beloved siblings and close relatives who passed away while I was away working on this project. -
Swahili-English Dictionary, the First New Lexical Work for English Speakers
S W AHILI-E N GLISH DICTIONARY Charles W. Rechenbach Assisted by Angelica Wanjinu Gesuga Leslie R. Leinone Harold M. Onyango Josiah Florence G. Kuipers Bureau of Special Research in Modern Languages The Catholic University of Americ a Prei Washington. B. C. 20017 1967 INTRODUCTION The compilers of this Swahili-English dictionary, the first new lexical work for English speakers in many years, hope that they are offering to students and translators a more reliable and certainly a more up-to-date working tool than any previously available. They trust that it will prove to be of value to libraries, researchers, scholars, and governmental and commercial agencies alike, whose in- terests and concerns will benefit from a better understanding and closer communication with peoples of Africa. The Swahili language (Kisuiahili) is a Bantu language spoken by perhaps as many as forty mil- lion people throughout a large part of East and Central Africa. It is, however, a native or 'first' lan- guage only in a nnitp restricted area consisting of the islands of Zanzibar and Pemba and the oppo- site coast, roughly from Dar es Salaam to Mombasa, Outside this relatively small territory, elsewhere in Kenya, in Tanzania (formerly Tanganyika), Copyright © 1968 and to a lesser degree in Uganda, in the Republic of the Congo, and in other fringe regions hard to delimit, Swahili is a lingua franca of long standing, a 'second' (or 'third' or 'fourth') language enjoy- ing a reasonably well accepted status as a supra-tribal or supra-regional medium of communication. THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA PRESS, INC. -
The Struggle for WHOIS Privacy: Understanding the Standoff Between ICANN and the World’S Data Protection Authorities
The Struggle for WHOIS Privacy: Understanding the Standoff Between ICANN and the World’s Data Protection Authorities by Stephanie E. Perrin A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of degree of Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Information University of Toronto © Copyright by Stephanie E. Perrin 2018 The Struggle for WHOIS Privacy: Understanding the Standoff Between ICANN and the World’s Data Protection Authorities Stephanie E. Perrin Doctor of Philosophy Faculty of Information University of Toronto 2018 Abstract This dissertation examines the struggle over privacy rights in WHOIS, the public directory of registrants of Internet domain names. ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, is the non-profit corporation established by the U.S. government to run the Domain Name System and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, functions essential for Internet operations. Through contractual obligation, ICANN requires registrars to collect and publish personal data in the WHOIS directory, contravening many national data protection laws. My research first asked how ICANN managed to avoid the demands of authorities mandated to enforce data protection laws. Analyzing extensive documentary records maintained by ICANN, I demonstrate that the organization refused to effectively accommodate privacy concerns in their policies. I found that, since its inception, ICANN rebuffed repeated complaints by data protection authorities that WHOIS requirements violate national laws and continue to avoid privacy compliance. I provide evidence of a clash of values in the emerging commercial Internet. Business enterprises with strong intellectual property interests, supported by the U.S. ii government, initiated the focus on an open WHOIS policy to ensure they could identify suspected copyright and trademark violators. -
LCSH Section V
V (Fictitious character) (Not Subd Geog) V2 Class (Steam locomotives) Vaca family UF Ryan, Valerie (Fictitious character) USE Class V2 (Steam locomotives) USE Baca family Valerie Ryan (Fictitious character) V838 Mon (Astronomy) Vaca Island (Haiti) V-1 bomb (Not Subd Geog) USE V838 Monocerotis (Astronomy) USE Vache Island (Haiti) UF Buzz bomb V838 Monocerotis (Astronomy) Vaca Muerta Formation (Argentina) Flying bomb This heading is not valid for use as a geographic BT Formations (Geology)—Argentina FZG-76 (Bomb) subdivision. Geology, Stratigraphic—Cretaceous Revenge Weapon One UF V838 Mon (Astronomy) Geology, Stratigraphic—Jurassic Robot bombs Variable star V838 Monocerotis Vacada Rockshelter (Spain) V-1 rocket BT Variable stars UF Abrigo de La Vacada (Spain) Vergeltungswaffe Eins V1343 Aquilae (Astronomy) BT Caves—Spain BT Surface-to-surface missiles USE SS433 (Astronomy) Spain—Antiquities NT A-5 rocket VA hospitals Vacamwe (African people) Fieseler Fi 103R (Piloted flying bomb) USE Veterans' hospitals—United States USE Kamwe (African people) V-1 rocket VA mycorrhizas Vacamwe language USE V-1 bomb USE Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas USE Kamwe language V-2 bomb Va Ngangela (African people) Vacanas USE V-2 rocket USE Ngangela (African people) USE Epigrams, Kannada V-2 rocket (Not Subd Geog) Vaaga family Vacancy of the Holy See UF A-4 rocket USE Waaga family UF Popes—Vacancy of the Holy See Revenge Weapon Two Vaagd family Sede vacante Robot bombs USE Voget family BT Papacy V-2 bomb Vaagn (Armenian deity) Vacant family (Not Subd Geog) Vergeltungswaffe Zwei USE Vahagn (Armenian deity) UF De Wacquant family BT Rockets (Ordnance) Vaago (Faroe Islands) Wacquant family NT A-5 rocket USE Vágar (Faroe Islands) Vacant land — Testing Vaagri (Indic people) USE Vacant lands NT Operation Sandy, 1947 USE Yerukala (Indic people) Vacant lands (May Subd Geog) V-12 (Helicopter) (Not Subd Geog) Vaagri Boli language (May Subd Geog) Here are entered works on urban land without UF Homer (Helicopter) [PK2893] buildings, and not currently being used. -
Bamana Texts in Arabic Characters: Some Leaves from Mali
Tal Tamari Bamana Texts in Arabic Characters: Some Leaves from Mali Abstract: This study analyses five Bamana-language texts composed in the ear- lier twentieth century by Amadou Jomworo Bary, a Fulbe scholar from the Masina (Mali), that were hand copied in 1972 by the Fulbe scholar and researcher Al- mamy Maliki Yattara. The writing system, which uses modified Arabic characters to note phonemes specific to Bamana, is compared to other West African adapta- tions of Arabic script. The article also examines the doctrinal positions developed and world view implicit in the texts, which concern water rites in San (Mali), Is- lamic belief and practice, and healing. Attention is drawn as to how knowledge of local cultural contexts can contribute to a better understanding of these manu- scripts. 1 Introduction In 1994, I published a study of five short texts (totalling five and a half pages), written in Arabic characters in the Bamana language. These texts had been cop- ied by Almamy Maliki Yattara, a Muslim scholar then employed by the Institut des Sciences Humaines in Bamako, from originals held by a friend of his, Abou- bacar (commonly known as Bory) Bary, in 1972 in San (Mali). Research conducted in the intervening twenty years has confirmed the analysis of the writing system, and has led to few changes in the transliteration (Arabic to Latin characters), transcription (reconstitution of the Bamana discourse) and translations of these texts. On the other hand, personal fieldwork undertaken in the interval, as well as general progress in the understanding of West African writing practices, makes it possible to place these texts in much sharper historical and cultural per- spective. -
Civil Society in a Global Multistakeholder Policy‑Making Process : the Case of the Internet and Netmundial
This document is downloaded from DR‑NTU (https://dr.ntu.edu.sg) Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Civil society in a global multistakeholder policy‑making process : the case of the internet and netmundial Haristya, Sherly 2019 Haristya, S. (2019). Civil society in a global multistakeholder policy‑making process : the case of the internet and netmundial. Doctoral thesis, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/105945 https://doi.org/10.32657/10220/48832 Downloaded on 04 Oct 2021 15:30:32 SGT CIVIL SOCIETY IN A GLOBAL MULTISTAKEHOLDER POLICY MULTISTAKEHOLDER GLOBAL A IN SOCIETY CIVIL THECASE OF THE INTERNET AND NETMUNDIAL - MAKING PROCESS: MAKING CIVIL SOCIETY IN A GLOBAL MULTISTAKEHOLDER POLICY-MAKING PROCESS: THE CASE OF THE INTERNET AND NETMUNDIAL SHERLYHARISTYA SHERLY HARISTYA WEE KIM WEE SCHOOL OF COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION 2019 2019 ! CIVIL SOCIETY IN A GLOBAL MULTISTAKEHOLDER POLICY-MAKING PROCESS: THE CASE OF THE INTERNET AND NETMUNDIAL SHERLY HARISTYA Wee Kim Wee School of Communication & Information A thesis submitted to the Nanyang Technological University in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2019 Statement of Originality I certify that all work submitted for this thesis is my original work. I declare that no other person's work has been used without due acknowledgement. Except where it is clearly stated that I have used some of this material elsewhere, this work has not been presented by me for assessment in any other institution or University. I certify that the data collected for this project are authentic and the investigations were conducted in accordance with the ethics policies and integrity standards of Nanyang Technological University and that the research data are presented honestly and without prejudice.