International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Environmental and Health Effects of Ventilation in Subway Stations: A Literature Review Yueming Wen 1 , Jiawei Leng 1,*, Xiaobing Shen 2, Gang Han 1, Lijun Sun 1 and Fei Yu 1 1 School of Architecture, Future Underground Space Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing 210019, Jiangsu, China;
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[email protected]; Tel.: +86-025-83790760 Received: 6 January 2020; Accepted: 5 February 2020; Published: 8 February 2020 Abstract: Environmental health in subway stations, a typical type of urban underground space, is becoming increasingly important. Ventilation is the principal measure for optimizing the complex physical environment in a subway station. This paper narratively reviews the environmental and health effects of subway ventilation and discusses the relevant engineering, environmental, and medical aspects in combination. Ventilation exerts a notable dual effect on environmental health in a subway station. On the one hand, ventilation controls temperature, humidity, and indoor air quality to ensure human comfort and health. On the other hand, ventilation also carries the potential risks of spreading air pollutants or fire smoke through the complex wind environment as well as produces continuous noise. Assessment and management of health risks associated with subway ventilation is essential to attain a healthy subway environment. This, however, requires exposure, threshold data, and thereby necessitates more research into long-term effects, and toxicity as well as epidemiological studies.