Period 5: 1844 – 1877 (1896) Chapters: 17-23, Supplemental Readings Test: December 17 (T) or 18 (W) 20 MC/1 SAQ/1 LEQ Review: December 12 (R), 13 (F)

Learning Objectives: A. Explain the context in which sectional conflict emerged 1848 to 1877. B. Explain the causes and effects of westward expansion from 1844 to 1877. C. Explain the causes and effects of the Mexican American War. D. Explain the similarities and differences in how regional attitudes affected federal policy in the period after the Mexican American War. E. Explain the effects of immigration from various parts of the world on American culture from 1848 to 1877. F. Explain how regional differences related to slavery caused tension in the years leading up the Civil War. G. Explain the political causes of the Civil War. H. Describe the effects of Lincoln’s election. I. Explain the various factors that contributed to the Union victory in the Civil War. J. Explain how Lincoln’s leadership during the Civil War impacted American ideals over the course of the Civil War. K. Explain the effects of government policy during Reconstruction on society from 1865-1877. L. Explain how and why Reconstruction resulted in continuity and change in regional and national understandings of what it meant to be an American. M. Compare the relative significance of the effects of the Civil War on American values.

Key Dates: 1820, 1846, 1848, 1850, 1854, 1857, 1860, 1861, 1863, 1865, 1868, 1870, 1877, 1896

Key Terms:  Manifest Destiny: Louisiana Purchase, Texas, Oregon, election of 1844, James K. Polk, causes and results of Mexican American War, Spot Resolutions, Wilmot Proviso, California Gold Rush, California settlement (different groups), Asian trade (Treaty of Wanghia, Treaty of Kanagawa), Gadsden Purchase

 Causes of Civil War: sectionalism, abolitionism, Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, Underground RR, Fugitive Slave Law, End of Old Guard, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Stephen Douglas, End of Whigs, Know Nothings, Republican Party, caning of Sumner, Dred Scott v. Sanford, John Brown, Election of 1860, Abraham Lincoln, secession

 Civil War: war mobilization, draft/Draft Riots, suspension of habeas corpus, Emancipation Proclamation, African American servicemen, war diplomacy (King Cotton, Trent Affair), war strategies (Gettysburg, Sherman’s March), changing war goals (Lincoln)

 Reconstruction: o Presidential Reconstruction: Lincoln’s Plan, Johnson’s Plan, 13th Amendment, sharecropping, Black Codes, Freedmen’s Bureau

o Radical/Congressional Reconstruction: origins & goals, Civil Rights Act of 1866, 14th Amendment, Military Reconstruction Act, Impeachment of Johnson, 15th Amendment, African American representation (Revels, Rainey), KKK, Compromise of 1877, Evaluation of Reconstruction

o New South: redemption, Poll Tax, Literacy Test, segregation, Jim Crow Laws, Civil Rights Cases, Plessy v. Ferguson