VOL. XX No. 7 July, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN Office and Consulting Hours: 8 FAIRFAX IVIAN5IONS, FINCHLEY RD. (corner Fairlax Rd), London. N.W.S Monday to Thursday lOa.m.—lp.m. 3—6p.m. Teleptione : MAIda Vale 9096.7 (General OMce and Wellarc for the Aged), MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency, annually licensed by the L.CC,, friday 10a.m.—I p.m. and Social Services Dept,)

^''alter Breslaner

DAS ENTSCHAEDIGUNGSSCHLUSSGESETZ MARTIN BUBER While the work of Martin Buber, who Am 26. Mai ist das " Zweite Gesetz zur Luecken in dem bisherigen Gesetz gefun­ passed away in Jerusalem on June 13 in Aenderung des Bundesentschaedigungs­ den, dass der von ihr Mitte 1963 vorgelegte his 88th year, belongs to humanity and gesetzes " vom deutschen Bundestag ver­ Entwurf nicht weniger als 106 Abaen- to the Jewish people as a whole, Jews abschiedet worden. Dabei ist an diesem derungsvorschlaege enthielt, zu denen from Central Europe have added reason letzten Tage der Beratungen der Titel des weitere umfangreiche Bestimmungen ver- for mourning his departure. He spent Gesetzes in " Bundesentschaedigungs- schiedenster Art hinzukamen, z.B. ueber the major part of his life in German- Schlussgesetz " geaendert worden, um zum den Uebergang von der bisherigen zur speaking countries and exerted a deci­ Ausdruck zu bnngen, dass das Gesetz die kuenftigen Regelung und ueber die Sonder­ sive influence on German Jewry, Entschaedigung der Verfolgten des regelung fuer besondere Verfolgten­ especially among members of the Nazionalsozialismus abschliessend regeln gruppen. younger generation. solle. It testified to his loyalty that he stayed Die wichtigsten Bestimmungen des in Germany in 1933 to organise adult Der Inhalt des Schlussgesetzes ist, im Gesetzentwurfs wurden in AJR Information education at a time when the German grossen gesehen, auch von den Verfolgten im August 1963 dargestellt. Im September Jews, cut off from their environment, zu begruessen. Dies wurde auch von der 1963 hat der zustaendige Ministerialdirektor had to gather strength and self-confi­ "Claims Conference," der Dachorganisation im Bundesfinanzministerium, Herr Dr. dence by deepening the knowledge of der Verfolgten im Ausland, zum Ausdruck Feaux de la Croix, auf einer Versammlung their own Jewish spiritual heritage. gebracht. Der " Council of Jews from des " Council of Jews from Germany " Equally, he identified himself with the Germany," dem die AJR und die Ver­ in London unseren hiesigen Freunden remnants of Germany Jewry dispersed einigungen frueherer deutscher Juden in ueber den Entwurf berichtet. all over the world, and it was in this anderen Laendern angehoeren und der in spirit that he addressed a public meeting der " Claims Conference" vertreten ist, Der grosse Umfang des Gesetzentwurfs of the " Council of Jews from Germany '\ kann dieser Auffassung nur beitreten. hat dann dazu gefuehrt, dass sich die held in London shortly after the end Vielleicht ist die Beurteilung des Gesetzes weiteren Verhandlungen, insbesondere die of the war. am besten in den wohlabgewogenen Worten Beratungen im Wiedergutmachungsaus­ schuss des Bundestags, hinzogen, bis dann In Jerusalem, where he lived since des Vorsitzenden des Wiedergutmachungs­ 1938, Buber was closely associated with ausschusses des Bundestages, Rechtsanwalt auf der Plenarsitzung des Bundestages vom 26. Mai 1965 die zweite und dritte Lesung the Leo Baeck Institute to which he also Martin Hirsch, zusammengefasst, der in passed on the major part of the Erasmus seiner Schlussrede sagte: " Das Gesetz und damit die Verabschiedung des Gesetzes durch den Bundestag erfolgte. Prize awarded to him in 1963, to be laesst selbstverstaendlich manche Hoffnung used for special research work. unerfuellt. Es hat weiterhin Luecken. Es Das Gesetz wurde dann dem Bundesrat, Tributes to his memory will be pub ist nicht der letzte Stein der Weisen. Das in dem die Vertretungen der Laender lished in our next issue. kann es auch nicht sein. Aber es loest die zusammengefasst sind, zur Zustimmung wesentlichen Probleme und es loest sie so, weitergeleitet. Der Bundesrat hat auf dass wir uns mit dieser Novelle sehen lassen FUNERAL IN JERUSALEM seiner Sitzung vom 11. Juni 1965 beschlos­ Members of the Israeli Cabinet and of the koennen." Zugleich hat Rechtsanwalt sen, den sog. Vermittlungsausschuss anzu- Hirsch hervorgenoben, dass die Bezeich­ Knesset, professors, non-Jewish clergymen, rufen, der fuer den Ausgleich von Differen- writers and thousands of pupils and admirers nung des Gesetzes als " Schlussgesetz" zen zwischen Bundesrat und Bundestag paid their last respect to Martin Buber when nicht einen spaeteren Bundestag binden zustaendig ist, Der Grund hierfuer liegt he was laid to rest in Jerusalem. In his koenne. aber nicht darin, dass der Bundesrat sach­ eulogy at the University campus. Prime liche Einwendungen gegen den Gesetzent­ Minister Levi Eshkol described Professor An dem positiven Ergebnis dieser letzten Buber as " the spiritual giant of the century " grossen Wiedergutmachungsnovelle hat wurf erhoben hat, sondern dass die Laender who was mourned by all humanity. Though Rechtsanwalt Hirsch durch seine jahrelange sich nicht an den durch die Vergroesserung a man of spirit, he never divorced himself from niuehevoUe Arbeit einen besonderen Anteil, des Sonderfonds (Haerteausgleich fuer the world of deeds. Tributes were also paid to neben ihm aber auch vor allem sein Stell­ besondere Gruppen von Verfolgten) him by his life-long friend. Professor Hugo vertreter. Professor Dr, Boehm, sein Vor­ erwachsenden Entschaedigungsaufwendun- Bergman, former rector of the Hebrew Univer­ gaenger, Rechtsanwalt Jahn und im gen beteiligen wollen, Wir glauben aber, sity, and by the University's former an(J pre­ Abschlussstadium der Bundestagspraesi- erwarten zu duerfen, dass niemand wegen sent rectors, Yoel Rakah and Nathan Rotten­ dent, Dr, Gerstenmaier. dieser internen Differenzen zwischen den streich, respectively. The catafalque was then Laendern und dem Bund die Verantwor­ borne by President Shazar, Premier Eshkol, Die Verhandlungen ueber das Gesetz Yigal Allon, Eliahu Elath, Yaakov Tzur and tung fuer eine Verzoegerung des Gesetz- Professor A doar, and the funeral procession haben fast vier Jahre in Anspruch genom- eebungswerkes ueber die bevorstehenden moved from the campus to the cemetery, men, Bereits Ende 1961 waren die Vor­ Wahlen hinaus uebernehmen wird und dass where Professor Buber was eulogised by Pro­ bereitungen soweit im Gange, dass der die Gesetzgebungsarbeit in den naechsten fessors Gershom Sholem and Ernst Simon, and " Council of Jews from Germany " in AJR Wochen abgeschlossen werden kann. In laid to rest. His son recited the Kaddish, Information vom Dezember 1961 eine Reihe dieser Erwartung ist in Aussicht genommen, It symbolises the impact of Buber's message von Forderungen fuer die von ihm ver­ in einer der naechsten Nummern von AJR that also Arab youth organisations had tretenen Verfolgten formulieren konnte. Es Information eine eingehende Darstellung associated themselves with the country's hat dann aber noch anderthalb Jahre der Bestimmungen des Schlussgesetzes zu general feeling of mourning by sending flowers gedauert. bis der Gesetzentwurf der Bundes­ veroeffentlichen. Wir beschraenken uns to the funeral. regierung fertiggestellt war. Zunaechst daher heute auf einige grundsaetzliche The Federal German President, Dr. Hein­ hatte die Bundesregierung erklaert, dass rich Luebke, has sent a cable of condolence to Punkte, die in den letzten Stadien der President Shazar, and former Chancellor Aden­ sie an dem Aufbau des bisherigen Gesetzes Beratungen von besonderer Bedeutung auer described Buber as " one of the leading grundsaetzliche Aenderungen nicht vor­ waren. men of Jewish thought, to whom Christianity, nehmen koenne, Sie hat aber dann doch so too, owes much." The German press gave viele Unebenheiten, Ungerechtigkeiten und (Continued on page 2, column 1) extensive coverage to Buber's death. Page 2 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 durch den bisherigen Ausschluss dieser DAS EISTSCHAEDIGVNGS'SCHLVSSGESETZ Faelle bestand, ist insbesondere von unserem verstorbenen Freunde Reichmann (Continued from page 1) darin bestand, dass den Witwen von Ver­ immer wieder hingewiesen worden. Der folgten, die aus ihrem Beruf verdraengt Gesetzentwurf enthielt nur eine sehr ein- Eine der entscheidenden Fragen war, wie worden waren, keine Witwenrente geschraenkte Haerteklausel, nach den von vorneherein feststand, die Regelung gewaehrt wurde, wenn der Verfolgte selbst jetzigen Beschluessen jedoch stehen aucn der Entschaedigung fuer diejenigen, die vor dem 1. Oktober 1953 verstorben war. die Witwen dieser Verfolgten den Witwen erst nach dem Jahre 1953 aus den Laendem Der Gesetzentwurf hatte auch bereits die derer gleich, die nach der Auswanderung " hinter dem eisernen Vorhang " nach west­ Berechtigung dieser Forderung im Prinzip verstorben sind oder in Zukunft versterben, lichen Laendem, insbesondere nach Israel anerkannt, jedoch die Witwen dieser Ver­ 3. Hoehe der Berufsschadensrente. Schon und den Vereinigten Staaten, ausgewandert folgten insofern benachteiligt, als sie die nach der bisherigen Regelung sind Renten, waren. Diese Verfolgten Waren bisher von Witwenrente nicht wie andere Witwen von die den Verfolgten zugesprochen wurden, jeder Entschaedigung ausgeschlossen. Da Berufsgeschaedigten vom 1. Oktober 1953 infolge Fortschreitens der Geldentwertung seit 1953 nicht weniger als 150,000-180,000 erhalten sollten, sondern erst mit Wirkung in Deutschland von Zeit zu Zeit den geaen­ Juden, von denen ein sehr grosser Teil vom 1. Januar 1960. Da auf die Witwen­ derten Verhaeltnissen angepasst worden. vorher von den nationalsozialistischen rente eine etwa gezahlte Kapitalentschaedi­ Die Bundesregierung hatte jedoch bei Besatzungsorganen verfolgt worden war, gung anrechnungspflichtig ist, so schloss ihren letzten Verordnungen die Berufs­ Rumaenien, Polen und Ungarn verlassen diese Regelung die Gefahr in sich, dass schadensrente der Witwen frueherer Ange­ konnten, so war es unbedingt geboten, diese Witwen noch auf Jahre hinaus nichts stellter von dieser Anpassung ausge­ diesen Verfolgten gerecht zu werden. erhalten wuerden, weil die vor Jahren schlossen, weil angeblich hierfuer die Der " Council of Jews from Germany " gezahlte und in vielen Faellen laengst fuer gesetzliche Ermaechtigung nicht ausreichte. hat im Interesse der juedischen Solidaritaet den Lebensunterhalt aufgezehrte Kapi­ Es ist gelungen, diese Einschraenkung zu und der Gerechtigkeit jede Gelegenheit talentschaedigung die Rentenrueckstaende seit 1960 und die laufende Rente fuer beseitigen. wahrgenommen, bei schriftlichen und Ferner ist der Hoechstbetrag der Berufs- muendlichen Vorstellungen den Behoerden mehrere kommende Jahre ueberstieg. gegenueber zu betonen, dass die Regelung Hiergegen ist schon in AJR Iriforma- schadensrenten, der zur Zeit DM. 785.— dieser Frage auch nach seiner Auffassung tion vom September 1963 sowie in der monatlich betraegt, mit Wirkung vom 1- an allererster Stelle stuende. Die " Claims Diskussion nach dem bereits erwaehnten .lanuar 1966, auf DM. 1.000.—erhoeht Conference " hat die Verhandlungen fuer Vortrag des Herrn Ministerialdirektors Dr. worden. diese Verfolgten mit grosser Entschieden­ Feaux de la Croix Stellung genommen wor­ 4. Ahaenderung von Entscheidungen und heit und Zaehigkeit gefuehrt. Leider ist den. Leider ist jedoch die Forderung, die Vergleichen. Einer Anregung des Council, die Forderung, Angehoerige dieser Gruppe " vor-53er " Witwen den Witwen anderer § 206 BEG in der Richtung zu ergaenzen, ebenso zu behandeln wie diejenigen, die Berufsgeschaedigter gleichzustellen, nicht dass Entscheidungen und Vergleiche, die schon vor 1953 ausgewandert waren, nicht ohne Einschraenkungen erfuellt worden. den Verfolgten wiederkehrende Leistun­ erfuellt worden. Der Gesetzentwurf hatte Immerhin sind die unguenstigen Konse­ gen gewaehren, nach Erreichung eines jedoch bereits einen Sonderfonds von 600 quenzen der urspruenglichen Vorschlaege bestimmten Lebensalters nicht mehr zu Millionen DM. ausgeworfen, aus dem unter dadurch erheblich abgeschwaecht worden, Ungunsten der Berechtigten abgeaendert gewissen Voraussetzungen ein Haerteaus­ dass die Anrechnung von Kapitalent­ werden duerften, ist nicht stattgegeben gleich fuer diese Verfolgten gewaehrt schaedigungen nur in der Weise erfolgen worden. werden sollte. Es ist im letzten Stadium soil, dass der berechtigten Witwe auf jeden Der Wiedergutmachungsausschuss hat gelungen, eine Verstaendigung zwischen Fall ein Teil des ihr gesetzlich zustehenden aber zu Abaenderungen der §§ 21 und 35 der Regierung und den Fraktionen des Monatsbetrages ungekuerzt verbleibt. Hier­ BEG in seinem schriftlichen Bericht (Bun- Bundestages zu erzielen, wonach dieser bei war zunaechst nur die Belassung von destags-Drucksache IV/3423, S.5/6) folgen­ Fonds von 600, oder spaeter 700 Millionen mindestens der Haelfte der Rente in Aus­ des bemerkt : " Der Ausschuss geht bei der DM,, auf 1,200 Millionen DM, erhoeht sicht genommen, Bei der letzten Neuregelung . . . selbstverstaendlich davon wurde, Besprechung, die die Vertreter des Coun­ aus, dass die linearen Rentenerhoehungen Diese Regelung ist nicht ohne Widerstand cil mit dem Referenten des Bundesfinanz- auf Grund kuenftiger Erhoehungen der erfolgt. Bei der Beratung im Haushalts- ministeriums hatten, haben dann die Ver­ Beamtenbesoldung auch weiterhin ohne ausschuss, die der Plenarsitzung des treter des Council vorgeschlagen, wenig­ Ruecksicht auf die Mindestgrenze von 30 Bundestages vorausging, musste sich der stens dreiviertel der Rente ungekuerzt zu vom 100 gewaehrt werden. Die neue Fas­ Bundesfinanzminister heftigen Angriffen lassen, und dieser Kompromissvorschlag ist sung soil vor allem aber auch der Verein­ durch einige Mitglieder der Regierungs- von dem Referenten und anschliessend vom fachung der Praxis dienen und soweit parteien aussetzen, und nach dem Bericht Bundestag akzeptiert worden. moeglich vermeiden, dass die Verfolgten in der Zeitung " Die Welt" wurde eine Es soil niche behauptet werden, dass laufend und immer wieder Fragebogen Mehrheit nur durch das geschlossene posi­ diese Regelung voll befriedigt und dass sie ausfuellen muessen und dadurch unnoetig tive Eintreten der sozialdemokratischen alle Haerten ausschliesst. Die Eigenart der an ihr Verfolgungsschicksal erinnert wer­ Opposition erzielt. Auch im Plenum des gesetzlichen Bestimmungen wird voraus­ den. Der Ausschuss erwartet, dass die Bundestages konnte leider nicht, wie bei sichtlich in manchen Faellen Enttaeuschun- Entschaedigungsbehoerden derartige Be- den bisherigen Wiedergutmachungsgeset- gen mit sich bringen, insbesondere fuer fragungen der Verfolgten soweit wie moeg­ zen, ein einstimmiger Beschluss erzielt Witwen von Verfolgten, die als Angestellte lich vermeiden oder mindestens einschraen­ werden; als Sprecher der Opposition trat taetig waren, und fuer Witwen, die ausser ken ". ein Abgeordneter Deneke auf, der der der Berufsschadens-Witwenrente noch Mit diesen Ausfuehrungen hat der eigenen Partei des Finanzministers, der andere Renten erhalten. Immerhin besteht Wiedergutmachungsausschuss vom Council Freien Demokratischen Partei, angehoert, die Hoffnung, dass die Existenz der ueber­ vorgetragene Bedenken gegen die bisherige Umsomehr ist anzuerkennen, dass der lebenden Witwen in den meisten Faellen Praxis beruecksichtigt, Minister und die Regiemng fest geblieben gesichert werden konnte. sind und dass dadurch der Vorsitzende 2. Einbeziehung der aits Danzig aus- 5. Aushildungsschaden. Das Pauschale, nach der Schlussabstimmung verkuenden geicanderten Verfolgten in das Gesetz, das bisher in Hoehe von DM. 5.000.—den­ konnte, der Gesetzentwurf sei " bei einer sowie der Witwen von Verfolgten av£ jenigen Personen gewaehrt worden ist, die Anzahl von Nein-Stimmen und Enthaltun- Ostdeutschland und Danzig. Verfolgte, die Ausbildungschaden erlitten haben. ist auf gen mit grosser Mehrheit angenommen vor dem 31. Dezember 1952 ausgewandert, DM. 10.000.—erhoeht worden. Verschie­ worden ". deportiert oder ausgewiesen worden sind dene Einschraenkungen dieser Verbesse­ und ihren letzten Wohnsitz oder dauemden rung, die zunaechst von der Regierungs- Was nun diejenigen Bestimmungen des seite gemacht wurden, sind letzten Endes Gesetzes anbetrifft, die fuer die Juden aus Aufenthalt im Gebiete der Freien Stadt Danzig gehabt haben, sollen nunmehr voll gestrichen worden. Fuer die Streichung Deutschland von besonderer Bedeutung der Einschraenkungen hat sich der Council sind, so ist ueber die, zum Teil erst in letz­ anspruchsberechtigt werden. Ebenso ist es gelungen, die Rechte im Interesse der ausgewanderten Verfolg­ ter Stunde vorgenommenen Verbesserun­ ten eingesetzt. Von grosser Bedeutung gen folgendes zu berichten: der Witwen berufsgeschaedigter Verfolgter in denjenigen Faellen sicherzustellen, duerften aber auch die Wuensche der poli­ 1. Witwenrente. Der "Council of Jews in denen der Verfolgte—vor, waehrend, tischen Verfolgten in Deutschland gewesen from Germany" hatte bereits bei der Oder nach der Kriegszeit—vor dem sein. die mit denen des Councils parallel Formuliemng seiner ersten Vorschlaege 31. Dezember 1952 verstorben ist und gingen und die Abgeordneten beeindruck- im Jahre 1961 die Forderung an die Spitze seinen letzten Wohnsitz in Ostdeutschlan'd ten. gestellt, das Unrecht gutzumachen, das Oder Danzig hatte. Auf die Haerte, die (Continued on page 3, column 1) AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Page 3 Das Entschaedigungs-Schlussgesetz FROM THE GERMAN SCENE (Continued from page 2) NEW HAMBURG MAYOR JEWS IN EAST GERMANY Erfreulich ist auch, dass diejenigen nicht Dr, Herbert Weichmann has been elected The latest issue of the Bulletin of the mehr auf Ausbildungsschaden beschraenkt First Mayor of Hamburg, He was born in Federation of Jewish Communities in Eastern sind, sondern vollen Berufsverdraengungs- Silesia 69 years ago and. under the Weimar Germany carries reports on a visit to schaden erhalten sollen, die alle fuer den RepubUc, was personal attache to the Prus­ Theresienstadt, Prague and Lidice, which was erstrebten Beruf vorgeschriebenen staat­ sian Premier, Otto Braun. As a Jew and organised by the Federation and in which 80 lichen Pruefungen abgelegt haben, jedoch Social Democrat, he was dismissed in 1933 and members of the Jewish communities of Dres­ emigrated first to France and, later on, to the den, Erfurt, Halle, Karl-Marx-Stadt (Chem­ aus Verfolgungsgruenden eine fuer die nitz), Leipzig and Mecklenburg participated. Aufnahme ihres Berufs vorgeschriebene United States, At the request of the former staatliche Zulassung nicht erlangt haben. Mayor of Hamburg, Max Brauer. he returned To mark the SOth anniversary of the death Hier ist besonders der Fall der damals to Germany in 1948, For several years he was of Max Liebermann, on February 8th, a mem­ President of the Hamburg " Rechnungshof", orial ceremony was held at the artist's jungen Aerzte von Bedeutung gewesen, die until, in 1957, he became Senator of Finances, graveside at the Schoenhauser Allee Jewish nach Bestehen ihrer Pruefungen zu dem Particular importance is attributed to the fact Cemetery, in the presence of representatives vorgeschriebenen praktischen Jahr nicht that the Senate entrusted him with the City's of the East German Ministry of Culture and mehr zugelassen worden sind. highest office, which is usually reserved for the East German Academy of Arts. In his personalities who were born or brought up address, the late Landesrabbiner Dr. Riesen­ 6. Gesundheitsschaden. Auf dem Gebiete in Hamburg. burger paid tribute to the memory of the great der Gesundheitsschaeden ist eine Bestim­ At a ceremony " 20 Jahre Aufbau 1945- painter, who. until 1933. held high offices in mung getroffen worden, die eine Neuauf­ 19G5", 30 Hamburg citizens were awarded Germany, but whose funeral two years later nahme von Verfahren auch in einer Reihe medals in recognition of their public services. was only attended by a small circle of relatives von bereits abgeschlossenen Faellen Among them were Ida Ehre of the Hamburger and friends. He also recalled that Max Lieber­ ermoeglichen wird. Kammerspiele, Notar Hans W. Hertz who sal­ mann's late wife, who is buried next to him, vaged important material referring to the poisoned herself in 1943 when her deportation 7. Sozialversicherung. Eine vom Council history of the Hamburg Jews, Konrad Hoff­ was imminent. in letzter Stunde erwirkte Sonderregelung mann for his work on behalf of the victims In Dresden a memorial tablet will be affixed ist schliesslich zu Gunsten derjenigen weib­ of the Nuernberg Laws and the promoter of to the Students' Hostel of the Technical Uni­ lichen Verfolgten getroffen worden, denen the " Peace with Israel" movement, Erich versity, which has been erected at the bombed in der Verfolgungszeit Beitrage zu den Lueth. site of the former Jewish Home for the Aged. gesetzlichen Rentenversicherungen wegen The Secretary of the Community since 1945, Heirat erstattet worden sind. Sie hatten Herr Richard Lewinsohn, has resigned for FRANZ BOEHM HONOURED reasons of age. The Hon, Member of the dadurch ihre Anwartschaft auf Renten der Community. Herr Owsei Fanger. recently cele­ Sozialversicherung verloren, werden aber Dr. F. E, Shinnar, head of the Israeli mission brated his 90th birthday ; he is a survivor of auf Grund der Novelle ihre fruehere in Cologne, at a banquet in honour of Profes­ the Theresienstadt Camp, Rechtsstellung wieder erlangen koennen. sor Franz Boehn. who recently celebrated his 70th birthday, announced that twenty trees The Bulletin also reports that the old Jewish • * • have been planted in the Martyrs' forest dedi­ cemetery of Guenterberg (between Prenzlau Wir haben, wie bereits hervorgehoben, cated to Professor Boehm. He is known as and Angermuende), which, until 1910, was der Wuerdigung des BEG-Schlussgesetzes the "father of the Reparations Agreement" used by the small community of Greiffenberg between West Germany and Israel. had been restored and that a Memorial Stone durch den Vorsitzenden des Wiedergut- was consecrated last November. niachungsausschusses des Bundestages Addressing the guests. Professor Boehm said zugestimmt. Wir koennen ihm auch darin that the admission of German responsibility The presence of Jews at places which have for the reparation of Nazi wrongs would con­ no communities of their own is indicated by folgen, dass die Verfolgten — sagen wir tinue to be a main principle of West German birthday tributes to persons resident in Prenz­ genauer. die ueberlebenden Verfolgten — policy,—(J.C.) lau. Stralsund and Suhl (Thuringia). zwar auch mit den bewilligten Aufbes- serungen in den Grenzen ihrer bisherigen Lebenshaltung verbleiben, dass aber der AWARD FOR ISRAEL CORRESPONDENT WAR CRIMINALS ARRESTED Lebensabend vieler durch die Entschaedi- Five former S.S, and Gestapo members have iungsgesetzgebung betraechtlich erleich­ The Federal Cross of Merit, First Class, was been arrested in Bielefeld, Lother Heinbach, tert worden ist. also awarded to Rudolf Kuestermeier, the Heinz Errelis, Richard Dibus, Hermann Ploch Israel correspondent of the German Press and Dr. Wilhelm Altenloh are charged with Agency and of the North-West German Broad- compUcity in the mass murder of Jews and easting Company, in recognition of his work Poles at Bialystock, Grodno and Koenigsberg BUNDESRUECKERSTATTUNGSGESETZ for German-Israeli understanding. between 1942 and 1944, Durchfuehrungs-Verordnung Verkuendet M.P. ACCUSED Nach der Drucklegung der im Juniheft Dr, Hermann Conring, a Christian Democrat von " AJR Information " veroeffentlichten deputy in the Bonn Parliament, has rejected Darstellung der 1. Durchfuehrungsverord­ Dutch accusations that he took part in Nazi nung zum BRueG ist die Verkuendung der measures against the Jews during the war, Verordnung im Bundesgesetzblatt Teil I Dr, Conring, who was the war-time Nazi erfolgt und zwar in der Nummer 21 vom commissioner-general for economic and finan­ 22.5.1965 (Seiten 420 ff). Die Verordnung cial affairs in Groningen, Holland, denied that ist am Tage nach der Verkuendung, also he had had anything to db with Jewish matters, am 23.5.1965, in Kraft getreten. Die either in an official or private capacity. All Verordnung selbst traegt das Datum des Jewish issues had been the responsibility of the Nazi security police, who had been outside 14.5.1965. the jurisdiction of his office,—(J,C,) Unter Hinweis auf die Darstellung im Juniheft wird bemerkt, dass die Fristen fuer die erneute Geltendmachung der in CEMETERY DESECRATIONS § 29 b BRueG behandelten Ansprueche im Believed to be the work of extremists in Rueckerstattungsverfahren und fuer die reaction to the arrest of Oskar Christ, Wies­ Anmeldung der in § 44 a BRueG behan­ baden's police chief, unknown persons over­ delten Ansprueche zum Haertefond am turned about sixty gravestones in the Jewish 23.5,1966—ein Jahr nach dem Inkrafttreten cemetery of Wiesbaden, Christ has been dcr V,0,—ablaufen. charged with comphcity in the murder of Jews on the eastern front during the Second World RESTITUTION COURT PRESIDENT War, Five boys between the ages of nine and Mr. Ivan Wallenberg, of Sweden, has been ten admitted that they had overturned and appointed President of the Supreme Restitu­ damaged 34 gravestones in the old Jewish tion Court in West Berlin, Members of the cemetery in the South German town of Mem­ Court consist of judges from Sweden, the mingen, The boys could give no reason for United States, Britain, France and West their action, the damage for which was esti­ Germany.—(J.C) mated at 12.000 marks.—(J.C.) Page 4 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965

SCENE FROM THE EAST NEWS FROM ABROAD ISRAELI ACCUSED Mr. David Bartov, First Secretary at the PROTESTS IN AMERICA AUSTRALIA IsraeU Embassy in Moscow, has been accused The New York Conference on Soviet Jewry, Mr. Walter Lippmann, a member of the of subversive activities by Zarya ^ostojca, J consisting of 40 major Jewish groups, spon­ Executive Council of AustraUan Jewry, has paper pubUshed in Tbilisi, capital of the Soviei sored a Madison Square Garden rally to pro­ stated that AustraUa's Jewish community has RepubUc of Georgia. The paper stated Mr. test at Soviet discrimination against Russian more than doubled since 1947, from 32,000 to Bartov visited two Georgian synagogues ana Jewry. The rally was attended by at least 67,000. Most of the immigrants were survivors made " an undisguised appeal" to Jews i" 16,000 New York Jews. of the Nazi concentration camps. Mr. Lipp­ " leave their fatherland, to betray the country In a message. President Johnson expressed mann, who is also president of the Jewish which brought them up as honest boviei his deep concern and that of the Administra­ Welfare Society in Melbourne, added that last citizens ". tion at the pUght of Soviet Jewry, stating his year 10 per cent of Melbourne Jewish famiUes belief hat their spiritual and cultural heritage needed the services, in one form or another, STALIN'S PURGE shonld be nurtured and preserved. of the society. Before the rally was held, the "New York Members of the family of Colonel Itag Times " published a letter from two prominent FRANCE Feffer and relatives of some of the oinei Russian Jews attacking the idea of the rally. leading Soviet-Jewish writers who were exe­ Dr. Lev Landau, the world-famous physicist A plaque to " the memory of the thousands cuted in August, 1952, under StaUn's r«l|'^p^ and Nobel Prize winner, and Professor Yevsei of men, women and children of the llth reported to have appealed to the °°\^^ Liberman, one of Russia's leading economists, arrondissement who were assembled here on Ministry of Justice for full details of tne expressed "profound indignation at the fact August 2, 1941, and July 16, 1942, and whose circumstances of the trial and subsequeni that some Western circles spread all kinds destination was Ausch'Witz because of their execution of the writers, who have now peeii of fabrications on the position of the Jews in Jewish reUgion", has been unveiled at the officially rehabilitated. The Soviet authorities the U.S.S.R." The letter went on to say that Japy secondary school in Paris, declined to release the records. Yoprosy Jews enjoyed equality in all the social, A synagogue and community centre have Istorii, the journal of the Soviet Communisi economic, cultural and political life in the been opened in Grasse in the South of France. Party, no longer records these cases of renaoi country. Soviet Jews regarded the rally as The building was financed by the Fonds Utation and it seems that the process is now a provocation " where, without our representa­ Sociale Juife Unifie and the Chief Rabbinate coming to an end,—(J.C) tives, it is intended to discuss a non-existent of France. Although there were already Jews problem." Five of the Jewish leaders who in Grasse from the early Middle Ages, these spoke at the rally issued an answering state­ have assimilated and the modern community JEWISH HEROISM PRAISED ment stating that, as Jews, they shared natural has been founded by refugees from Egypt bonds with other Jews and would " continue to and North Africa. Moscow's Central Synagogue held a spe"^. insist upon the right to protest on their behalf Athis-Mons, near Paris, is perhaps the only service marking " Victory Day " in the bovuH if their voices are muffled," Jewish community in the world to have a Union. A large congregation attended, heaa^" Mr Alexander Zinchuk, the Counsellor at woman president, Mme S, Libman, who has by the Chief Rabbi, Rabbi Y. L. Levin, ana the Soviet Embassy in Washington, called at worked devotedly for this new community of members of the synagogue committee, y'^ the State Department to lodge a protest against about 400, most of them from North Africa, IsraeU Ambassador and members of his siai U.S.A. " attempts to interfere in the domestic was elected president in recognition of her were also present. affairs of the U.S.S.R." by its endorsement Mr. Grigory Manevich, a senior member of of a resolution proposed by Senator Ribicoff SWEDEN the communitv, after praising the role ot u'^ and condemning Soviet discrimination against Red Army in the victory over Nazism, spoKc her Jewish citizens. Last year the State Swedish police in Stockholm arrested the of the heroism shown by the Jewish peopie Department refused to endorse the Ribicoff leaders of a miUtant organisation, on suspicion throughout their history. He also pronounceu resolution saying the time was not ripe for it. of plotting against the Government and State his blessing upon the State of Israel, ine Recently, however, it indicated a change of Security, A Stockholm court has now Jewish people, he said, had waited 1.900 years mind. Following the Soviet protest, it may acquitted Bjoern Lundhal, self-styled for this national rebirth. This should oe revert to its original attitude.—(J.C) " Fuehrer" of the organisation, on charges remembered even if one did not agree *}" involving armed threats against law and order everything that Israel did. Mr, Manevich also NAZIS IN TORONTO and heading an illegal organisation. requested the erection of monuments to com­ memorate Jewish martyrdom at Babi Yar anu About 4,000 people, many of whom were SWISS AWARD similar sites. former concentration camp inmates, gathered in Toronto's Allan Gardens to protest at the Dr. Adolf F. Schnitzer (Geneva), until 1933 holding of a Nazi Party rally there. Eight a practising lawyer in BerUn, has been JEWS ELECTED of the demonstrators and John Beattie. 23- awarded an honorary doctorate of the Uni­ year-old self-styled leader of the Canadian versity of Geneva in recognition of his works From the list of the 1,104 members elected Nazi Party, were arrested when the demon­ on legal subjects published in Switzerland. to the Moscow Soviet recently, published in stration turned into a riot. They were after­ One of his books, the " Handbuch des Inter­ Vecherniaya Moskva, the Moscow evening wards released on bail. nationalen Privatrechts", has become a stand­ newspaper, about twelve seem to be Jews- Rabbi Abraham Feinberg, of Toronto, later ard work and already been published in its There is one Jew among the 39 heads oi said that violence was no answer to Nazism, fourth edition. In 1947 Dr. Schnitzer attended departments named in the issue, but he believed the riot was bound to happen the London session of the "Council of Jews from Germany " and gave an address on ques­ because the Canadian Government had not WARSAW FIGHTERS' HOUSE stopped Nazi propaganda. The Canadian tions of nationality and statelessness, then of Jewish Congress issued a warning against special interest for the Jewish refugees from Germany. Part of the commemorations in Poland of violence. the victory over Nazi Germany in 1945 was tne Toronto City Council has passed a resolu­ HERZL MEMORIAL IN EDLACH laying of flowers on the site of Mila 18. J'!^ tion urging the Canadian ParUament to deal house the Warsaw Ghetto fighters made tneir with the activities of the Canadian Nazi Party The Viennese Jewish community has erected headquarters. Those present at the ceremony as " expeditiously as possible", A petition a memorial to Dr. Theodor Herzl. The included representatives of the Cultural ana asking for the removal of the party's head­ memorial has been unveiled in the garden of Social Union of PoUsh Jews, members of tne quarters from the East End of Toronto has the sanatorium in Edlach. Austria, where he editorial staff of Folks-Sztyme and representa­ been signed by over 3,000 people. died in 1904. tives of Ort. Gorta Radiovision Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. Service (Member R.T.R.A.) Bankers 13 Frognal Parade, BASILDON HOUSE 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 Finchley Road, N.W.S SALES REPAIRS Telephone: METropolitan 8151 Agents for Bush. Pye, PhiUps, Ferranti, Representing: Gnindig, etc. . Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week I. L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD. FEUCHTWANGER CORPORA-nON Mr. Gort will always be pleased to advise you. TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM : HAIFA 60 EAST 42nd ST., NEW YORK, 17, N.Y. (HAM. 8635) AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Page 5 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA New Chief Rabbi HONOURS LBT RACE BILL CHANGES Dr, Yaacov Herzog has accepted the invita­ The Queen's Birthday Honours List includes In the Parliamentary standing committee tion to become Chief Rabbi of the United Ufe peerages for Mr. Arnold Goodman, chair­ on the Race Relations Bill Sir Frank Soskice, Hebrew Congregations of the British Common­ man of the Arts Council, anS Professor the Home Secretary, moved amendments to wealth of Nations. He will take up his duties Richard F. Kahn, professor of economics at the Bill accepting the view that a procedure in October. The invitation was conveyed to Cambridge University; Professor Kahn is a by way of conciUation would be preferable to him at his home in Jerusalem by a seven- son of the educationist, the late Mr. Augustus summary proceedings in the court. The member delegation from the Chief Rabbinate Kahn, who took a leading part in the work of amendments take away the criminal remedy conference. Dr. Herzog, who is 43, resigned the Jewish Refugees Committee. and substitute a remedy by way of injunction from his post as deputy director-general in Other awards include knighthoods for Mr. to be sued for in the civil courts in appropriate the Israeli Foreign Ministry to take up the Victor Gollancz, the publisher and writer, cases by the Attorney-General. appointment. Alderman Jack Cohen, former Mayor of Under the new procedure no isolated case of Sunderland, and Alderman Maurice Pariser, discrimination would be involved but a course Dr. Brodie's Last Functions of conduct. It would be unlawful, not on one Alderman of Manchester City Council. The last London synagogal event to be Mr. Emanuel Shinwell became a Companion occasion, but to practise discrimination. The Attorney-General, in any suit for an injunc­ attended by Dr. Israel Brodie in his capacity of Honour, Major-General James A. d'Avigdor- as Chief Rabbi took place in his own con­ Goldsmid, a Companion of the Bath, and Mr. tion, would have to establish that there was a course of discrimination which was likely to gregation of St. John's Wood at the official Marcus Lipton, MP., a C.B.E. The O.B.E. was consecration of the synagogue's Beth Hame­ awarded to Mr. Maurice Beck, managing continue. If the judge were satisfied that the course was Ukely to continue he would grant drash. Dr. Brodie conducted the service. director of Beck & Co. (Fashions) Ltd., Mr. The last sermon in London to be preached Isidore Godfrey, conductor, Mr. Derek Salberg, an injunction. The Home Secretary said there would be a by Dr. Brodie as Chief Rabbi was at the managing director of the Alexandra Theatre, Western Synagogue, where he spoke of the Birmingham, and Mr. Frankie Vaughan for Race Relations Board, consisting of three per­ sons, which would have the duty of appointing happy relationship that existed between services to welfare of youth. Mr, Percy the synagogue and himself. Gourgey. chairman of Poale Zion, was made conciliation committees in areas in which it an M,B,E, thought they were appropriate,—(J,C,) Award for Oscar Joseph M.P.S THREATENED At a dinner given in his honour by the First "EXODUS" COSTS Lodge of England, Mr. Oscar Joseph was pre­ After Mr. Frank Allaun, M.P., complained Dr. W. Dering, who was a doctor at the sented with Anglo-Jewry's " Oscar "—the B^nai of a letter threatening M.P.s who supported B'rith award for communal achievement and, Auschwitz concentration camp, claimed in a the Race Relations Bill, the committee on London High Court action last year that he above all, the promotion of communal unity. privileges decided that the document consti­ Mr. Joseph, chairman of the Central British was UbeUed in a passage in "Exodus". He tuted a breach of privilege " in attempting by was awarded a halfpenny damages against Fund and president of the International improper means to influence Members of Council on Jewish Social and Welfare Services, Leon Uris, the author, and his London Parliament in their Parliamentary conduct". pubUshers, He was also ordered to pay the was given the 1965 award " for his selfless and Since, however, it was improbable that any tremendous work over the years for refugees costs of the hearing, which amounted to Member would be influenced by its terms, the £17,000. It is understood that because of Dr. and the youth of many countries ". committee was of the opinion that " the dignity Previous recipients of the award were the Dering's severe illness, Mr. Uris has decided of the House will be best maintained by its that the question of costs should be left in late Alderman A, Moss, Professor Norman taking no further action in regard to this Bentwich, Dr. I. Feldman and J, C, Gilbert, abeyance, offence ". CoUn Jordan, leader of the National SociaUst 16-Year-Old Chazan DISCRIMINATING BEQUEST Movement, described the committee's decision as " a ludicrous retreat". The movement, he A 16-year-old chazan from Jerusalem, Itzak A £5,000 bequest, to enable studentships at said, would now put into general distribution Cohen, has been named as a likely successor to the Royal College of Surgeons, contained a literature denouncing " this treason at West­ the Rev. Solomon Hershman, chazan emeritus clause excluding Jewish and Roman Catholic minster and demanding that the racial traitors of the Higher Crumpsall Synagogue, Man­ students from benefiting. The College dis­ be brought to trial". chester. The young chazan gave a recital in claimed the gift on the terms laid out in the the Broughton Assembly Rooms and conducted will of the late RosaUnd Morris Lysaght, a Shabbat service in the synagogue. He will A High Court ruling stated that this clause ARRESTS FOR YESHIVA DAMAGE be making a concert tour of Europe and the should be omitted from the terms of the A North London Magistrate's court charged United States before returning to Jerusalem. bequest so that its primary intention of estab­ three young men with wilfully damaging three Ushing studentships could be carried out, windows and two glass door panels to the East End Synagogue to Close which would otherwise be defeated by the amount of £30 in a Talmudical coUege at refusal of the Royal College to accept the gift Cazenove Road. Stamford Hill, According to The Vine Court (Federation) Synagogue in on the testatrix's terms. the three defendants, the incident started as a the East End of London is to be closed. One .joke when they spoke to some Jewish people, of the main reasons is the poor attendance at CARDINAL ON INTOLERANCE services—it is impossible to get a minyan for and an argument followed. One of the young daily services. Membership numbering 350 is men further admitted wilfully damaging a Cardinal Heenan, the Archbishop of West­ to be transferred to the Nelson Street Syna­ car door to the amount of £8, having in His gogue, minster, in a sermon attacked religious intoler­ possession an offensive weapon—an adjustable ance. " If today we hound the Negro or the spanner—without authority, and assaulting one Controversial Concerts Indian from his home, tomorrow we shall burn Joshua Weisz, causing him bodily harm. the Jewish synagogue. Then we shall rapidly The magistrate fined this defendant £10, plus In an article in the "Belfast Jewish return to political and religious intolerance of £15 compensation. The other two were Record," Rabbi Dr, A, Carlebach, minister of all kinds", he declared. The United States remanded in custody for a fortnight. the Belfast Hebrew Congregation, referred to had, in this country, been criticised by many the recent series of concerts in the New for its treatment of its coloured citizens. But ATTACKS ON SYNAGOGUES London Synagogue which the former Chief the time had come for us to put our own house Rabbi, Dr, Israel Brodie, openly criticised. Dr. in order.—(J.C.) Two incendiary bombs were thrown into the Carlebach quotes rabbinic sources to prove premises of the Edmonton and Tottenham that such concerts do not contravene the Din. NAZI BOOKSHOP OPENED Synagogue. A similar type of bomb, with a Only two things are forbidden in synagogue. swastika painted on it, was thrown through a Dr. Carlebach points out: levity and secular The Association of Jewish Ex-Service Men kitchen window at the Herbert Samuel Hall. and Women has expressed concern about the activities. He does not term serious music as Bayswat'er, which adjoins the New West End " levity." As for " secular activities," he opening at West Norwood of a bookshop sell­ Synagogue. Only slight damage was caused in ing anti-Jewish propaganda. Viking Books is states, religion ought to permeate and sanctify both cases. This follows fires earlier this year all aspects of life. run by the Greater Britain Movement, the at two other synagogues. Police are taking extreme Nazi organisation led by John Tyn­ precautions to ensure that these attacks do not Glasgow Old Age Home dall. former secretary of Colin Jordan's occur again. The incidents are being treated National Socialist Movement. seriously and investigations are being carried An appeal to members of the community to out. assist in the work of the Jewish Old Age Home MANCHESTER CIVIC SERVICE for Scotland has been made on behalf of the DEPUTY MAYOR board of management. More voluntary workers At the installation of the Lord Mayor of are urgently needed to enable the home to Manchester, Alderman Bernard S. Langton, a Councillor Henry Nyman has been nomin­ function with the maximum efficiency. The Service of Dedication was held at the South ated as Deputy Lord Mayor of Cardiff. This is home has 30 residents at present but, when the Manchester Synagogue. The sermon was the first time in the history of the Cardiff extension now under way is completed, there preached by the Rev. Felix Carlebach, the Lord Jewish community that a Jewish Councillor will be accommodation for a total of 58 aged Mayor's Chaplain. has been so honoured. people, A waiting list has already been started. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965

Frits Friedlander Seite, wenn es gilt, den jiidischen Konfektio- naren, diesen Menschenschindern und Aus- beutern, das Handwerk zu legen," CENTENARY OF LILY BRAUN'S BIRTH Though Lily Braun respected her father, she refused to bridge the gulf between them by General Hans von Kretschman's elder to thwart the influence on Lily of " eccentric " making concessions to his antisemitic outlook. daughter, Lily, born in Halberstadt on July 2, Jenny, but in vain : Lily's whole life was a For example, when she wrote, probably with 1865, was a very intelUgent and ambitious revolt against her family's reactionary reference to Rosa Luxemburg: " Eine kleine child. When she was first sent to an exclusive Prussianism ; a revolt that led her first to the polnische Jiidin, die eben erst in die deutsche private school in BerUn, she was anxious to be progressive middle-class intellectualism and Partei eingetreten war, kritisierte mit der top in her form. However, she found an able from there to the organised German Social Sicherheit einer Parteiautoritat die Ansichten competitor in Edith, the only Jewish girl Democracy, It is true that before she finally und Handlungen bewahrter FUhrer," it is there, who was isolated and insulted by her broke away from her family's mentality, she certain she did not take exception to this antisemitic classmates. Lily strongly defended occasionally suffered a relapse. For example, party member's Jewishness, which in her case and even befriended the persecuted girl, whose during her turn to progressive liberalism she was accidental, but to a method of criticism passion for books she shared. In gratitude, visited a house near Tegernsee, socially ostra­ which, in Lily's opinion, went too far. Edith's parents invited Lily to their home but, cised by her family : " Ein Baron Goldberger, This view is confirmed by the fact that one despite their kindness Lily did not take to ein Wiener Bankier, war der Besitzer, und sein of Lily Braun's closest friends was a Jewess : them. Though only a child, she felt that they Aussehen verriet seine Rasse noch mehr als Julie Vogelstein, born as the daughter of an wanted her to pave the way for Edith into high sein Name, so dass sich ihm gegeniiber jener esteemed rabbi in Stettin in 1883, She was a society. General von Kretschman strictly for­ aesthetische Antisemitismus geltend machte, Ph.D, and a gifted art historian. When she bade Lily to visit Edith and her parents again, den auch Vorurteilslose oft nicht abstreifen got to know the Brauns, she became as much for " a girl, who wants to keep her rank in konnen ", Yet she qualifies her judgement: attached to Lily as to their highly talented society, must not associate with Jews," Like­ " Der Magnet des Hauses waren seine vier son Otto, wise, the General, transferred to the City of Tochter, von denen eine immer hiibscher war Though Lily Braun was a true friend of the Posen, parried his wife's suggestion to send als die andere ". She also gratefully acknow- Jews, she preserved her independent judge­ Lily to an ordinary secondary school, with the leged that it was in this house that she first ment. In her novel " Lebenssucher " (1915). indignant words : " Must she sit together with heard of Ibsen, who revolutionised her outlook. which delineates the German scene prior to fifty Cohns and Goldsteins in the same class­ 1914, we come across three Jewish figures, room ? " Though he could barely afford it, he Though her family sneered at her relations with Jewish writers, Lily felt attracted to each representing a different type: Kom­ provided private tuition for her. merzienrat Siegmund Veit, the unpleasant Why did young Lily resist the stubborn spirit eminent Jews like Professor Ludwig Geiger, the Goethe scholar, and Julius Rodenberg, the money-making social climber. His counter­ of racial discrimination and social arrogance part is Sara Rubner, a sagacious Eastern prevailing in her family ? She owed this to editor of the " Deutsche Rundschau," who helped her to embark on a literary career. In Jewish intellectual and also a passionate the salutary influence of her grandmother on woman, ruined by a fatal love for a worthless her mother's side, Jenny von Gustedt, whose Rodenberg's house she met protagonists of modern literature and art. By chance she also German. Sara inspires a Jewish medicaf noble mind was imbued with humanitarian student, Walter Warburg, with the Zionist ideals. In her formative years, Goethe had became acquainted with Juliane Dery, the hyper-modern Jewish writer, who died at an ideal, but she is not responsive to his affection. been Jenny's paternal friend and adored The hero of the novel. Baron Konrad von mentor in Weimar. In Goethe's circle, besides early age as the result of a dissipated life, reminiscent of Else Lasker-Schiiler. However, Hochsess, is deeply attached to Walter War­ others, Jenny met Felix Mendelssohn and burg who is to him a critical, but also a Rahel Varnhagen, of whom she wrote in her although also a rebel against tradition, Lily was still too aristocratic to get along well faithful, reUable friend. In conceiving this notebook : " Es fiel Niemandem ein, wie das fine figure, Lily Braun definitely wanted to heute in anderen Stadten der Fall sein wiirde, with JuUane, It was a non-Jew who caused Lily to embrace shape her image of the German Jew. ihn (Felix Mendelssohn) seiner Abstammung When Lily Braun died prematurely m wegen misstrauisch zu betrachten, Der Socialism, In Berlin in 1891 she was intro­ duced to the philosopher, Georg von Gizycki, BerUn-Zehlendorf on August 9, 1916, she was Gedanke ware im damaUgen Weimar unmbglich at least spared a dreadful blow of fate : it was gewesen, und wird es sein, so lange die grossen who taught her to conceive Socialism as a personal fight for social justice. Lily was so in France in 1918 that' her beloved son Otto Traditionen nicht zur Fabel geworden sind,,,, was killed in action. One year later, JUlie Vogel­ So gehorte Rahel, so gehorte Mendelssohn zu deeply impressed that she married Gizycki two years later, though he was crippled and stein edited " Otto Braun—Aus nachgelassenen unserer anerkannten Aristokratie ". Schriften eines FriihvoUendeten", but nowhere Of course, the von Kretschman family tried sick ; he died on March 2, 1895 in Berlin, Through Gizycki, in 1892 she met Dr, Hein­ in this admirable book does Otto seem to be rich Braun. who was to become her second conscious of his half-Jewish origin, Tne husband : " Ein grosser, blonder Mann stand lonely Heinrich Braun married Julie. After mir gegenUber, wir sahen einander einen his death on February 9, 1927, she set out to Augenblick lang ins Gesicht, und mit einer write his biography which, shortly after u stummen Verbeugung ging er an mir vorbei publication in 1933, was seized by the Gestapo- zum Zimmer hinaus ", In 1936, Julie Braun left for Carmel (U.S-A-^ At that time, Braun, a Jew born in 1854 in and later settled in New York, where she agai" Laag, Styria, already played an important role worked as an art historian, remaining a faithiu as a writer in the German Social Democratic guardian of Lily Braun's spiritual legacy. Party, Under his influence Lily joined the Party and blossomed into a powerful orator and author who fought for the human rights Your House for-.— of the working class and for complete female emancipation, Heinrich Braun, a very cap­ CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, able, bold, but also difficult man, married Lily UPHOLSTERY in 1896, and their only son. Otto, was born the following year. As Heinrich and Lily Braun SPECIALITY were both uncompromising personaUties, their married Ufe was afflicted by crises. But, in CONTINENTAL DOWN their differences, her husband's Jewishness hardly affected Lily ; like his friend Eduard QUILTS! Bernstein at that time, Heinrich Braun was completely indifferent towards Judaism. In ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS this respect it is significant that General von Kretschman wrote to his daughter: " Ich bin Dir die Erklarung schuldig, dass Dein Mann, ESTIMATES FREE dessen vollendeter Takt mir so wohltuend ist, DAWSON-LANE LIMITED ganz auf mich zahlen kann." 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK On the other hand, the same man—who approved of the ruthless protectionist policy Telephone : ARN, 6671 which, enforced by the powerful landowners, Perianal ittentlon of Mr, W. Shackman, cut down the workers' Uving standard—once APIOOB said to Lily : " Du findest uns alle an deiner AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Page 7 Egon Larsen Old Acquaintances Home yetcs: Lucie Mannheim is to appear Monolulu's Last Love in Otto Preminger's " Bunny Lake is Missing " sold him pieces of wood instead of nuts. The currently in production in London and starr­ On the first week-end after my arrival in ing Sir Laurence OUvier and Noel Coward.— London some months before the war English stupid yokel had gobbled them up with their Tom Osborn, a son of the late pianist, Franz friends took me to Speakers' Corner in Hyde shells !" Osborn, and grandson of Berlin's art critic. Park : a " must " for every Continental, What A year or two later Monolulu was hired for Max Osborn, was responsible for the adapta­ impressed me most was a six-foot Negro, in a the Negerdorf at the October fair as a " canni­ tion of Wedekind's " Spring Awakening", fantastic, colourful garb, his enormous bulk bal ". They had to do some weird dancing and which had a successful run at the Royal Court topped by an exotic headgear of gaudy ostrich chanting. He jumped up and showed me : Theatre.—Heinrich Fischer, who during and feathers. He had drawn the biggest crowd of " Ho, ho, ho, ho—verstehst du mir? And then after the war worked for the German B,B,C. all the speakers, and the most appreciative one, suddenly we charged right into the audience Section in Bush House and who now lives in "Thank God for the Jews!" he shouted, —Uke this— " and he grabbed my head, obvi­ Munich, lectured at BalUol College in Oxford and again, with even more emphasis : " Thank ously trying to bite a piece out of it, I could about his personal memories of Karl Kraus, God—for the Jews— !" And he went on to not help admiring the extraordinary agility Else Lasker-Schueler and Bertolt Brecht.— elaborate, with great temperament and a sharp of that man, who was getting on for eighty. Martin Miller is to appear in " Up Comes the wit, what the Jews had done for mankind and In between the October fairs, which he seems Swagman", starring Frank Ifield,—Ernst why Hitler was the most evil man in world his­ to have attended regularly, he wandered all Gumbel, of New York's Columbia University, tory for persecuting them. There were, of over Central Europe, from Baden to Poland gave a talk entitled " Memories of an Out­ course, hecklers ; it was all part of the game. and from Austria to Prussia, telUng fortunes, sider" to the members of Club 43 and the The black fellow's admiration for the Jews selling patent medicines and the Uke, Every German P.E.N, Centre,—" Operation Cross­ could not pass unchallenged, " Why don't you now and then he ended up in some village bow ", with Milo Sperber, Wolf Frees, Anton go and join them ?" someone cried. jail, and more than once it was a local parson Diffring, Ferdy Mayne, Karel Stepanek, Offen­ " Because I am one of them, you noodle !" who got him out by pleading with the police : bach, Lili Palmer and Paul Henreid, was a the Negro shouted back. " Let him go, the poor black devil", or some­ field day for refugee actors. That was the first time I saw Prince Rass thing to that effect. During the First World USA.: Oscar Werner gives a star-making Monolulu, as he called himself, king of the War he wore a fez and said he was a Turk. performance in " Ships of Fools ", supported racing tipsters and orator for fun. You can He happened to be in Berlin in November, by Heinz Ruehmann, Olga Fabian, John Wen­ still find his name, under " M ", in the London 1918. True to his temperament he demon­ graf, Werner Klemperer and Lilia Skala.— telephone directory ; when he died earlier this strated with the revolutionaries. The police Peter Kortner, son of Fritz Kortner, is pro­ year the English capital mourned one of its arrested him and took him to the Alex. ducing the TV series of the "John Forsythe most lovable eccentrics. With his famous cry, together with the big red flag he had been Show",—Maria Ley-Piscator has adapted '• I gotta horse !" uttered in a wonderfully waving from a lorry. " You black man, what Kafka's " Metamorphosis" for the Actor's deep, rasping voice, he had been a familiar are you doing here ?" he was asked. " I point Workshop at New York's Phoenix,—Stefan figure at all the great race meetings in Britain, to my nose—black ", Monolulu continued his Wolpe composed the music for Brecht's " The and at many Continental ones, too, for more story, " I show them my teeth—white. I stick Exception and the Rule" at the Greenwich than forty years. The stories he told about out my tongue—red. I ask them : ' Schioarz- Mews, himself and his adventures were as tall as the weiss-rot—isn't that German enough ?' And I Germany: Peter Zadek is to produce Wede­ teller ; the autobiography he published in 1950 sing to them ' 0 alte Burschenherrlichkeit'. kind's " Fruehlingserwachen " in Bremen,— is full of them. But to the people he liked They let me out of the Alex in no time !" Gustav Froehiich appeared in " Nur keine he would reveal some authentic facts about Blumen , . ." in Stuttgart,—Erich Kaestner his life, and I think what he told me some Somehow he got the Danish Legation in Ber­ lin to give him a Danish passport, which pro­ was appointed Hon. President of the German years ago one evening in his flat near Euston P,E,N, Club,—Hein Heckroth is to design the Road, which was full of pieces of evidence tected him against further arrests during those times of unrest in Central Europe, He made decors for Sartre's " Nekrassov" at Berlin's about his past, may have been more or less Volksbuehne. the truth. It was dramatic enough. his living now on a slightly higher level than before, as a circus rider, lion tamer, prize Vpics from Kvorytchere: Max Mack, the He was, in fact, a Jew (and would offer to fighter, sharpshooter and pub singer. In 1920 81-year-old film director now living in Lon­ go to embarrassing lengths to prove it to he came to England and found his true voca­ don, was invited to attend the 1965 Berlin you): a falasha, born in Addis Ababa in 1880, tion as a " turf adviser ", or, in everyday lan­ Film Festival, where he will receive the according to him his father was a " chief " of guage : tipster. golden " Filmband" for his services to the that strange Hamitic tribe which has been He had a tough time establishing himself. German film industry.—Marcel Ophuels, son practising the Jewish faith since the days of He had fights with the racecourse gangs. He of Max Ophuels the director of " La Ronde ", King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba, Mono- won £35,000 in the 1935 Derby, put it all on produced a French film featuring Eddie Con­ lulu's real name was, for some reason he could one horse the next day, and lost the lot. His stantine,—Hans Jaray successfully directed not. or would not. explain, Scottish with a war-cry " I gotta horse" became proverbial. Wilder's " Our Town" in Vienna, German touch : Peter Carl Mackay. At any He claimed to be friends with the Aga Khan, Milestones: Wilhelm Thiele, who directed rate, he left his homeland at the age of 14, the Prince of Wales (now the Duke of Wind­ " Drei von der Tankstelle " and " Die Privat- made his way to Djibouti in French Somali- sor), Edgar Wallace and dozens of lords. He sekretaerin", and who survived the Nazi land, and got a job as a stoker's mate on a used to stroll through London in his fantastic regime in the States, celebrated his 75th boat bound for New York. gear, being greeted everywhere with smiles birthday in retirement in Vienna.—Berlin's For some time he did the lowest jobs, such and jokes : a warm-hearted, good-natured, Academy of Arts celebrated Fritz von Unruh's as cleaning spittoons in bars ; and he carried witty colossus of a man. People crowded SOth birthday with a lecture by Ludwig Salvation Army banners on Sundays for a around him in Hyde Park to hear him speak, Berger and readings by well-known actors.— good hot meal. When he was old enough he no matter what he chose as his subject; but Charlotte Berend-Corinth, Lovis Corinth's joined the U.S, Navy, but he was only 20 or it was usually friendship and better under­ widow, has turned 85 in New York, where so when he got out again and worked his way standing between the races. she has Uved for the past 25 years. to Europe on a freighter (during the crossing he had to feed sugar to seasick horses). Some­ His private life was always something of a Books and .Authors : Gabriele Tergit's " Das how he got to Bavaria ; in fact, he started his mystery; he was fond of claiming that he had Tulpenbuechlein" has been pubUshed by Continental career in Munich, been married ten times, but this seems to have Landbuch-Verlag in Hanover; she has also At this point of his story he switched to been a slight exaggeration. No doubt, he had contributed to the BerUn anthology "Im German, which he spoke surprisingly well a way with the ladies. Once when I went to Zeichen des Baeren",—Ludwig Marcuse's ^occasionally mixing it with Yiddish words), see him in his flat I was greeted by a charming " Obscene " has been pubUshed by MacGibbon '' Ah, Munchen !" he cried, and began to sing : Austrian wom.en in her thirties. Baroness X & Kee in London,—John Izbicki, son of Man­ " So lang der alte Peter" in his wonderful, from Salzburg; while we were waiting for chester former refugees, and a former foreign warm Negro bass, but with a genuine Bavarian Monolulu's return she told me her own story. editor of the now defunct " Topic ", has had accent. It must have been in 1902 when he She had been married to a doctor in Zagreb, his novel, " The Naked Heroine", pubUshed first turned up at the Oktoberfest, selUng pea­ During the German occupation the S,S. shot by " Four Square Books " here,—Hilde Spiel nuts, which were then still a novelty. " I him and her father, a naval officer, and she edited " Der Wiener Kongress in Augen- made a fortune", he boasted. "But once I was deported to the Ravensbruck concentra­ zeu.genberichten ", pubUshed by Rauch-Verlag had trouble with one of my customers—a tion camp. Coloured American soldiers in buesseldorf. peasant who went to the police and said I had (Continued on page 8, column 3) PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Nach dem Kriege bemuehte er sich, immer THE TIETZ DEPARTMENT STORES noch Vorsitzender der Vereinigung, mit den in alle Welt verstreuten, durch die Rassen- verfolgung zur Av.swanderung gezwungenen Memoirs of Georg Tietz Mitschuelern in Verbindung zu treten una die Namen der Umgekommenen zu ermittem- The memoirs of Georg Tietz, the former Jewish position in the Wilheminian era come Den Atisgewanderten sandte er regelmaesstg^ partner of the Hermann Tietz Department to life again: Jews were awarded titles and die einmal iaehrlich erscheinende "Zeitung Store combine, have recently been published honours on the understanding that they dis­ der Vereinigung. In dieser veroeffentlichte under the auspices of the Leo Baeck Institute,* played a sufficient degree of munificence. er ihre Namen und Adressen, und ausserdem The author's own life story is inseparably From the very beginning the fight against die Namen der Todesopfer der Verfolgung aiw linked up with the history of the firm founded department stores, regarded by the small shop­ dem Mitschuelerkreise. So erklaert es sicn, by his great-uncle, Hennann Tietz, and his keepers as dangerous competitors, was carried dass die in England lebenden Mitschueler, father, Oscar Tietz. Unfortunately, Georg Tietz out with antisemitic arguments. As far back z.Zt. noch etwa 30, aus meiner eigenen Klasse 5, died in 1953 before completing his memoirs die ihnen von Graff gebotene Hand nicht as the end of the last century, Oscar Tietz was zurueckwiesen, sondern dass die Mehrzahl von which end with the year 1923, The book has exposed to slanderous accusations and had to ihnen sich hier zu einer losen Gruppe mu been jointly edited by his widow, Edith Tietz, clear his name by several court actions. iaehrlichen Treffen zusammenschloss. Graff, and Edith J, Hirsch, with the help of Dr, Max The book also conveys some interesting back­ der bis zuletzt Vorsitzender der eigentlichen Kreutzberger, Director of the New York ground knowledge about the introduction of Vereinigung war, ist vor zehn Jahren ver­ branch of the L.B.I, In the preface, Edith new schemes into the retail trade, such as storben. Diese Zeilen sollen zugleich auch Hirsch recalls that her late husband, the " Weisse Woche " and " Inventurverkaeufe ". sein mutiges und konsequentes Verhalten economist. Professor JuUus Hirsch, had done For the benefit of their personnel, various wel­ tvjierdigen. important research work into the development fare schemes were launched, such as vocational E. SCHAEFER. of the department store system in Germany training courses and retirement pension but that comparatively little was known about endowments. We are also given examples of the personalities behind these enterprises. In the treatment meted out to clients by the big 'MONOLULU'S LAST LOVE' this respect the new publication fills a widely German banks, who employed methods which felt gap. have been, and always will be, repugnant in (Continued from page 7) The opening chapter deals with the family's England. origin. The first traceable ancestor is believed Last, but not least, there are interesting Uberated her. After the war she applied for to have been bom in Holland, settling under side-lights on the social and poUtical life in a job as governess in London, Frederick the Great in the Netze district, just Germany during the period covered by the One day she was walking in Regent's Park acquired by Prussia. He owned real estate book. Paul Hirsch, a friend of the family, with the two children in her care, when a near the township of Tuetz. His son, Jacob on November 8, 1918, is reported to have said: tall old Negro, with ostrich feathers on his Isaac Tietz, and members of subsequent " Tomorrow morning I shall either hang from head, blocked her way, " Nice children you've generations, lived in Bimbaum, Two of Jacob the gallows, or be Prime Minister of Prassia," got", he said, " They are not my own ", she Isaac's sons, David and Isaac, were founders and the assurance of Reichsbankpraesident repUed, " That's a pity ", grinned the Negro. of the wholesale haberdashery firm of Havenstein, " Mark bleibt Mark" is bound to " Would you like to marry me ?" he added, Gebrueder Tietz, which was later transferred evoke sad recollections. just Uke that. The Baroness laughed ; the to BerUn. The third son, Salomon, a carter It is gratifying that the Leo Baeck Institute idea was just too absurd. They never mar­ in Birnbaum, was the father of Hermann has made these interesting memoirs accessible ried ; but soon they were—to use a contem­ Tietz and, through another son of his, Jakob, to the public, W.R. porary euphemism—" just good friends ", the grandfather of Oscar and Leonhard Tietz. She was not his last love. In the summer It is interesting to note that both Hermann of 1963 he was returning from a race meeting Tietz and several of his brothers first Letter to the Editor in Germany when he literally ran into a young emigrated to the United States, but later DAS BERLINER WILHELMSGYMNASIUM German woman at Dusseldorf airport : trying returned to their country of birth. Hermann to pass each other, they ended up face to Tietz retained his American citizenship Zum Tode von Dr. F. Demuth face. To her. Monolulu, in his full regalia, throughout his life. Im Anschluss an die schoenen Nachrufe im ' seemed like a prince from fairyland ", as she The book deals mainly with the history of Juniheft sei es mir gestattet, einen ergaen­ said later, and the 83-year-old man fell in love the firm of Hermann Tietz, yet it also refers zenden Hinweis zu geben, der mir allgemeines with her, head over heels. Flamboyant as to the Unks with firms founded by other mem­ Interesse zu haben scheint. Fritz Demuth war ever, he offered her, over a cup of coffee, to bers of the family, viz., H. and C, Tietz ein besonders treues Mitglied einer in London take her with him and "show her the whole (originally managed by brothers of Hermann) bestehenden losen Gruppe ehemaliger Schueler world". She replied that she was happily and Leonhard Tietz, first in Stralsund, later on des Wilhelmsgynmasiums in Berlin und ruihm married, but he made her promise to come in Elberfeld. Cologne and other cities in the an ihren jaehrlichen Treffen stets teil, solange to England soon ; meanwhile, he would write seine Gesundheit es zuliess. Damit hat es eine to her. Rhineland These wide-spread activities besondere Bewandtnis. Die Schule, der auch reflect the enterprising spirit of and the close ich angehoerte, hatte, obwohl eine staatliche And he did, indeed. Within the short span bonds between the members of the family. (" koenigliche ") Schule, infolge ihrer Lage im of Ufe that was left to him—less than eighteen The firm of Hermann Tietz started with a Tiergartenviertel mehr als 50% iuedischer months—he wrote to her well over three dozen shop of woollen wares in Gera, opened by oder " nicht arischer" Schueler, weshalb sie postcards and letters, mostly in German. She Herman and Oscar Tietz in 1882. The next oft als " LackstiebelgymTmsium" bezeichnet was to him his " only dearest friend this side stepping stone was Weimar, and the first true wurde. Das Tiergartenviertel wurde damals of heaven ". He was hoping to show her Royal department store was established in Munich von wohlhabenden iuedischen Familien und Ascot and "something of English Ufe". For in 1889. BerUn followed eleven years later andererseits von Diplomaten, hohen Beamten some months he was in hospital, then out fot in 1900, when the house in the Leipziger usw. bewohnt. So kommt es, dass eine ganz the Derby, and back again in hospital. His Strasse was completed, and gradually further besonders grosse Zahl ehemaliger Schueler " lieber gutcr Kamerad ", as he called her, was dieser deutschen Schule in der Emigration lebt, unable to come. From his lonely bed he con­ branches were set up in the capital. und dass eine erhebliche Zahl in der Verfol­ The various stages of the family's rise are fessed : " I fell in love with you. Such is gung umgekommen ist. Ufe, , , ." recorded from the idylUc, modest and intensely Im Anschluss an die Schule bestand eine Jewish life in Birnbaum, to the wealthy upper Vereinigung ihrer ehemaligen Schueler. Ihr Last February he died at the Middlesex. middle-class position later on acquired. Its Vorsitzender war zur Zeit der Machtueber­ They put him on a bier at a Chapel of Rest members were always aware of their obliga­ nahme Magistratsrat Hans Graff, ein Nichtiude. and his friends filed past the peaceful figure tions to their fellow-Jews. George Tietz men­ Er besass ein ungeivoehnliches Mass an Zivil­ in white satin robes, with a zouave jacket still tions that he, and the other children, had to courage. So lud er bis zum Kriegsbeginn die bearing his famous slogan "I gotta horse"- sleep on the floor when, in 1903, victims of noch in Deutschland befindlichen iuedischen He was cremated in Golders Green; that had the Kishinev pogroms were put up in the flat, Mitschueler stets zu den Veranstaltungen der been his last wish. His German friend heard Vereinigung ein. Sie leisteten kaum ie Folge, about his death only through the newspapers. using every available bed and chair. At that doch erkannten sie die Gesinnung an, die sich time, Hermann and Oscar Tietz also negotiated darin aussprach. Graff wurde im Fruehiahr I never bought a race tip from him, but I with the authorities on behalf of the hapless 1933 auf Grund des " politischen Paragraphen " shaU never forget the last time I saw him at refugees. Some of the pecuUar aspects of the des Berufsbeamtengesetzes aus seinem Amt als his modest home. His goodbye was a song : Magistratsrat au^gestossen, weil er es ablehnte. " Wenn auch die Jahre enteilen, bleibt die • Hermann Tietz—Geschichte einer Familie and die Hakenkreuzflagge auf seinem Dienst- Erinnerung doch. . . ." And I can still see ihrer Warenhaeuser. Berichtet von Georg Tietz, mit einem Vorwort von Edith J, Hirsch. Deutsche Ver­ gebaeude zu hissen. als sie noch nicht Reichs- him towering over his Usteners at Speakers' lagsanstalt Stuttgart. D,M.19.80, for members of the flagge, sondern nur Parteifahne war. Er wurde Corner. I can still hear his mighty voice boom­ Society of Friends of the L,B,I, £1 8s, Pfarrer der " bekennenden Kirche." ing : "Thank God for the Jews !" AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Page 9 The Jewish National Fund has under­ A TRIBUTE TO SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL taken to sponsor this project because afforestation is an integral part of its " Let us now praise famous men ". This From this spot one looks down on the valuable work in the reclamation of the is a time-honoured sentiment which has valley spreading like a rich green carpet soil of Israel. It is confidently believed been given expression in various ways. below. Across the valley lie Mount Tabor, that every member of the community and Some praise in words which, having been Givat Hamoreh and Mount Gilboa, all particularly the members of the AJR will uttered, can be forgotten. Some translate recalling the history of Israel's past feel privileged to participate in this tribute. praise into a material form and erect struggles in Biblical time and her achieve­ The knowledge that the names of every statues so that a figure may be perpetuated ments during the period of her recent contributor will be inscribed in a Com­ and the human likeness remembered. reconstruction. This is the area which has memorative Volume to be presented to There is, however, another form which been selected for the Winston Churchill Lady Churchill should be an added impetus lends prominence to an idea through the Forest where 300,000 trees will be planted to such participation in that it will indicate medium of a symbolism rich in meaning and where a commemorative column will that this tribute is both communal and and content. be erected to mark the fact that Jewry personal. Israel has devised a unique method of expresses its gratitude to a man to whom paying tribute to those whom she wishes so many owe so much. BRITISH PILGRIMAGE TO ISRAEL to honour. It takes the form of a Forest. The concept of such a tribute should Dr. Cuthbert Bardsley, the Bishop of High on the bare hillsides, thousands of capture the imagination of the whole com­ Coventry, headed a group of 300 pilgrims from saplings are planted which, with the munity, for no man deserves Jewry's Britain, who went to Israel as part of an advancing years, continue to grow and appreciation more than he. In Britain's " ecumenical cruise." The Bishop visited the flourish and in the course of time repro­ darkest hour, he shone forth like a beacon Chamber of the Holocaust on Mount Zion and duce themselves, create new soil and holding aloft the torch of hope, giving Ut the six-branched candelabrum there in attract additional rainfall to the surround­ encouragement and inspiration not only to memory of the slaughtered Jews of Europe. ing area. Such a Forest is given a name the nation but to Jewry throughout the ARAB AND JEWISH PARTICIPATION and an appropriate plaque is erected so world. His profound utterances and unique that all who come and sit beneath the shade leadership gave new heart to a continent The Movement Against Racialism and Anti­ semitism and for Peace (Mrap) is to organise of the trees or enjoy the life-giving sub­ steeped in the misery of Nazi tyranny. For a colloquium, probably in Paris, on the pro­ stance of the Forest bless those who this alone he deserves our gratitude, but blems of the Middle East, with the participa­ planted these trees and him whose name it Jewry owes him much more. His con­ tion of Israelis and Arabs favourable to a perpetuates. This is a living and life- tribution to the cause of Israel's rebirth in peaceful solution of the Israeli-Arab conflict, giving memorial. Truly unique and cer­ its historic land, his courageous stand on A resolution to this effect, greeting all the tainly more beneficial than a cold, lifeless behalf of this ideal in Parliamentary efforts and initiatives both in Israel and in the statue or obeUsk, debates and on the public platform, his Arab countries intended to open the way for Such a Forest is to be planted in the denunciation of the 1939 White Paper and a dialogue, was unanimously approved at his numerous expressions of support for Mrap's national conference at Unesco head­ name of the Anglo-Jewish community in quarters in Paris. The debate reflected to an historic, picturesque Galilee on the North- Israel's aspirations, make him eminently extent the embarrassment among Jewish Eastern slopes of Nazareth, on a steep worthy of a permanent memorial in the Leftists over the vehemently anti-Israeli Une promontory high above Emek Yizreel, Land of Israel. followed by certain Communist parties.

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Extra small to extra large 45/- 'Phone HAMpstead 2602 GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME A BEQUEST IN YOUR brieflpantee WILL WITH LYCRA SHOE REPAIRS Ask for particulars from : It's the brieter-than-ever pantee The Secretary, AIR Charitable Trust RICH'S SHOE REPAIR SERVICE 8 FairlaK Mansions, London, N,W,3. with high-cut legs for extra freedom of movement- Brief X now at 250 Fincliley Rd. (Palace Court), N.W.S, ond 1S3 Hamilton pantee with Lycra is ideal for Space donated by Sportswear and Playwear, Rood, N.W.II TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED. WE COLLECT AND DELIVER •rItaDnia Works. 2S St. Pancra* War. White. Extra small to •PHONE HAM. 1316. SK, 7463 N.W.1. large 3211 Page 10 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 he occasionally encountered difiiculties also KLRT WILHELM—IN MEMORIAM within his own community. It is tragic to have to write an obituary for the very iew who visited people in distress Wilhelm was a man of wide knowledge and Kurt Wilhelm—a dear friend, about ten years to comfort them in a selfless manner. His erudition, both in Jewish and general matters, my junior. He was a rabbi of rare distinction, community became a spiritual centre, such as and produced many papers and essays in a scholar, a brilliant publicist but, above all, a had never existed in Jerusalem before. Hebrew, Gennan and Swedish, His desire to man of deep humanity. This was what deter­ Wilhelm was an ardent Zionist who devote himself completely to scholarly work mined his character, his attitude to life and believed in the spiritual and universalist was, alas, never fulfilled. But during the also his own religiosity. Although an expert meaning of Zionism, Jewish nationalism was 'fifties he was invited to take the chair of on Jewish folk-lore and ritual, personally keep­ to him unthinkable otherwise than in the form Jewish studies at the University of Frankfurt, ing the mitzvoth, he was aware of the danger of Hebrew humanism. This view determined established when he was a rector by Professor of overestimating the form at the expense of his political attitude. When, in 1942, the Horkheimer, with the support of the American the ethical content of Judaism. His religiosity President of the Hebrew University, Dr, J, L, Loew Foundation, As Wilhelm could serve in manifested itself in active response to social Magnes, founded the Ihud (Union) association Frankfurt only as a guest professor, he duties and in understanding of the spiritual (which, m the words of Norman Bentwich in declined the offer of a permanent chair. He needs of men. Aware of the intricacies of the his " Magnes Biography ", set itself the " task also lectured at Stockholm University and human condition, he was eager to give guid­ of creating a public life based on justice and elsewhere on Jewish subjects. He was a mem­ ance wherever he could. But he was far from mercy " amidst the rising wave of terrorism), ber of the London Board of the Leo Baeck hubris. Rather was he self-critical, feeling as Wilhelm became one of its faithful members Institute, a contributor to the Institute's Year he did the limitations of every human being and, indeed, its secretary. He was one of those Book, and recently concluded two major works and the predicament whereby man has to rely who could not imagine a Jewish future in for the Institute, one of which, a commented on his conscience. Palestine except on the basis of Jewish-Arab and annotated anthology of important essays Wilhelm was born in Magdeburg in 1900 understanding and co-operation. of the Wissenschaft des Judentums, is now and studied at the Breslau Rabbiner-Semirmr being prepared for publication, and later at the Theological Seminary in New These hopes, alas, were disappointed, and Wilhelm was an accomplished anthologist. York. He also studied Semitic languages and there followed the strained years of struggle One of the beautiful books he left us and which the comparative history of religions and was before the establishment of the State of Israel is recommended for popular use, is his selec­ versed in the classics not less than in the Tal­ in a part of Palestine. This was a heartbreak­ tion from Jewish scriptures, old and modern, mud and in the Midrash, His first appointment ing time for Wilheim. He also suffered per­ which appeared a few years ago under the as a rabbi in 1925 was at Braunschweig, From sonally when a bomb wrecked his home in title, Jtidischer Glaube. eine Auswahl aus there he was called to Dortmund and in 1933 Jerusalem. While other religious leaders zwei Jahrtausenden (Carl Schiinemann Verlag he came to Jerusalem, This fulfilment of a bristled with chauvinism, Wilhelm's solitary Bremen). dream was not without its disappointments. But voice condemned crime and murders, whatever side committed it. In a time of crisis and European Jewry has lost one of its outstand­ later, together with a group of sympathisers, he ing figures, a man who combined Jewish founded the first liberal congregation, Emeth moral confusion he courageously defended the dignity of man, enthusiasm with common sense, knowledge ve-Emurmh, of which he became the spiritual with humanity, a defender of Judaism and of head. The' members were mostly immigrants A new opportunity arose for him when, in justice. In a memorial article which Wilhelm from Central Europe, He loved the Holy City, 1948, the Stockholm Jewish community devoted to his predecessor in the Dortmund but the official Establishment ignored non- invited him to become Chief Rabbi of Sweden. rabbinate, Dr. Benno Jacob, on the occasion Orthodox rabbis. From the material point of This office he occupied for seventeen years. of the hundredth anniversary of the latter's view he had a hard time. His brave wife. Ilka, His house in Stockholm became one of the birth (in Year Book VII of the Leo Baeck helped to sustain the family in a modest way international meeting points for Jews of the Institute, London, 1962) he quoted one oi by working as a dressmaker, Wilhelm worked whole world. Sweden's neutral position Jacob's remarks: "When a rabbi is nothing for the Schocken publishing house which, in enabled him also to keep in touch with some but popular, that arouses my suspicions ". On Jerusalem, had established a new branch, and Jewish communities of Eastern Europe, in which Wilhelm commented: "Not a bad for the Research Institute for Hebrew Poetry, whose educational problems he took a deep representative of his calling, one who spoke In spite of his own difficulties' he always interest. In matters of principle and Jewish like this ". It is as though Kurt Wilhehn had showed concern for the needs of others. He philosophy Wilhelm did not easily bow to out­ written his own fitting epitaph, was a Seelsorger in the truest sense—one of side influences, so it is not to wondered at that ROBERT WELTSCH,

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NURSE REQUIRES POST, St, garden; 20 minutes West End. MISSING PERSONS Erna and Karl Goitein, 14 Osborne John's Wood, Hampstead, Baker 'Phone GLA. 3773. Court, Osborne Road, Windsor, Street or West End areas. Day duty Personal Inquiries Berks, or nights, non-residential, 'Phone Hirsch, MAIda Vale 4390. Accommodation Wanted Lustig.—Alice (nee Lustig), mar­ Gerson.—Mr. Richard Gerson, of HOMEWORK WANTED by Eng­ 84 West Avenue, Handsworth BUSINESSMAN, good references, ried name unknown, from Leipzig, Wood, Birmingham, 20 (formerly lish/German shorthand-typist, good wanted by Erica Hahne de Ritter­ at figures. Box 577. seeks comfortable accommodation, band, Argentina. Information to of Breslau) passed away suddenly POSITION REQUIRED as count­ all conveniences, handy transport, on May 14, aged 77. MAI, 4449, Mrs, Martin Newstead 84 Raglan Meyer.—Mrs, Else Helene Meyer, ing-house help or invoicing typist, Court, Wemblev Park, Middx, 6 Queens Court, Finchley Road, part-time or full-time : 5-day week (WEMbley 0584,) St. John's Wood. London, N,W,8, Box 578, passed away on June 10 after an Accommodation Vacant Weiss.—Relatives and friends of BOOKKEEPER Mrs, Margarete Weiss, formerly illness bravely borne. Deeply CULTURED REFUGEE, retired mourned by her relatives and required. High Class Millinery, Fleisch- with well-appointed house in West markt, Vienna, 1, should please friends, London (near Chiswick Bridge), Fully experienced and reliable. contact Miss Rosa Schlesinger, CLASSIFIED would like to hear from married 4 Mount Park Crescent, London, Situations Vacant couple who would take two rooms Must be capable of supervising W,5, Men in his house on an expense-sharing office. DRIVER with own car required for basis and provide him with meals ; Enquiries by AJR delivery of small parcels in London alternatively, he would like to hear Good wages. area. Box 574, from lady housekeeper. Box 575 Excellent prospects. Gross.—Mrs, Selma (Selly) Gross, HOLIDAY FLAT, near Chalkweli formerly Breslau, sought by Erwin Women Park and sea, completely self-con­ ERIC WALTERS LTD. GERMAN-SPEAKING LADY in tained. 3 large rooms, kitchen, Blumenfeld, Santiago de Chile. the Finchley, N,12 area, wanted for bathroom, toilet. Available from 87-89 Willesden Lane. Klein.—Mrs. Klara Klein, formerly part-time companionship to old July 4. £8 10s. weekly. 78a Ronald London, N.W.6. Vienna, last known address 77 lady ; nursing experience desirable Park Avenue, Westcliff. Warwick Avenue, London, W.2. AJR INFORMATION July, 1965 Page 11 DR. FRANZ KOBLER OBITUARY Dr, Franz Kobler, the lawyer, scholar and historian, died on May 12, 1965, in San Fran­ cisco, aged 83. He left friends in London, THERESE FREIMANN Jerusalem, New York and wherever interest DR. HANS FLEISCHHACKER prevailed for Jewish and Zionist research With the sudden death of Dr. Hans Fleisch­ Mrs. Therese Freimann died in New York at work. hacker on June 17, the AJR lost a devoted the age of 82, She was an outstanding welfare Franz Kobler was born in Jung-Bunzlau fellow-worker and trusted adviser. worker. In Frankfurt, where she lived prior (C.S.R,) in 1882, studied in Prague, Berlin and Dr, Fleischhacker was born in Berlin in to her emigration, she was associated with the Vienna, where he settled as a lawyer. In 1897, He studied medicine, specialising in " Zentrale fuer Wohlfahrtspflege" of the Vienna he belonged to the circle of Adolf psychiatry and neurology. After having Jewish community. In New York she was a Boehm, the Zionist historian. Dr. Ernst worked with several hospitals in Berlin, he Board member of " Help and Reconstruction " Mueller, the translator of Biahk into German, obtained a position with the University Hos­ and, in this capacity, was especially helpful to and of Tulo Nussenblatt, author of several pital for Nervous Diseases in Frankfurt (Main) the refugees from Central Europe during the books on Herzl. He wrote essays and books in 1927. He was on the verge of being first difficult years after their arrival. For on legal questions, among them "Justice appointed a lecturer at Frankfurt University, their benefit, she founded kindergartens under and Injustice on Expulsion" (1932) and when his career was cut short by the events of the auspices of " Help and Reconstruction ", (together with Ernst Mueller) on Plato's 1933. He retumed to Berlin to take up private thus enabling young mothers to go out for Symposium (1933). But his main work before practice and, in 1936, emigrated to England. work. Mrs. Freimann was the daughter of the war was " Jews and Judaism in German From 1942 until 1963, when he reached retiring Rabbi Markus Horovitz (Frankfurt) and the Letters from Three Centuries" (1935). age, he was head of the Pathological Depart­ widow of Professor Aron Freimann, the biblio­ He arrived in London in 1939 and in the ment of the Mental Hospital in Shenley. He grapher and librarian at the Frankfurt Muni­ same year became a co-founder of the Institute published more than 150 papers, both in cipal Library. One of her brothers was the of Jewish Learning, where leading personali­ German and English, and also established a late lawyer Abraham Horovitz, a founder- ties regularly gave lectures to guide the widely recognised reputation as a lecturer on member of the AJR. audience to the sources of Judaism and to subjects of his research. DR. PAUL RIESENFELD promote Jewish knowledge. He was a member Hans Fleischhacker always felt a strong of the National Council and of the Research solidarity with those who had shared his fate The musicologist. Dr. Paul Riesenfeld, died Committee of the World Jewish Congress and as refugees, and he was associated with the in Tel Aviv at the age of 84. Prior to his a Board Member of the AJR. During the war AJR as a member, and later on as a Board emigration, he was a well-known music critic he, Dr, A, Steinberg and the late Dr, F. R. member, for many years. Yet his main con­ in Breslau. In Israel he was a regular musical Bienenfeld prepared a memorandum on the tribution to our community consisted in the contributor to the "Mitteilungsblatt" of the aspects of international law in relation to Nazi expert assistance he rendered to the AJR " Irgun Oley Merkas Europa", the organisa­ crimes against humanity and on indemnifica­ Social Services Department. Throughout the tion of Jews from Central Europe. tion which was submitted to the Chief Counsel of the United States, Together with Dr, Stein­ Past ten years he visited our Head Office once RUTH GOETZ or even twice a week, to help those who, often berg he also formulated proposals concerning as the result of past sufferings, required Many readers will remember the weekly the restoration of Jewish cultural treasures in guidance, advice and encouragement. His com­ articles of Ruth Goetz in the Berliner Tage­ Europe, Two important books of his were also passion, devotion and sense of responsibility blatt. Her reports and witty comments published in London: " Letters of Jews knew no limits. These qualities as well as his referred to matters of special interest to Through the Ages" (1952) and "The Visipn first-hand knowledge of our people's back­ women, such as fashion, social events, etc. Was There" (1956), The first one, which he ground made his co-operation with the AJR She was also well-known for her work as a called " Autobiography of the Jewish People ", invaluable, and it will be very difBcult, if not film script writer. deals with selected Jewish letters from Biblical impossible, to replace him. His departure also In 1935, Ruth Goetz, whose married name times to the Emancipation, whilst the other means a sad personal loss for his fellow- was von Schuching, emigrated to England. She one is a history of the British movement for workers at the AJR who felt deeply attached earned her living by teaching languages and the Restoration of Palestine to the Jews. His to him and to whom he had become a trusted passed the examinations qualifying her as a lecture at the Jewish Historical Society on friend, teacher in this country. She also gave lessons Sir Henry Finch appeared in the Society's . Hans Fleischhacker had a wide range of in the religion school of the St. John's Wood Transactions, 1952, interests and he also endeared himself to many Synagogue in Abbey Road, The last years of In 1947 Kobler left London for America, oy his sincerity, modesty and fine sense of her life were overshadowed by great tragedy. where he continued his research work. His humour. Above all he excelled by an unsur­ Her general health was failing and she gradu­ study on " Charles Henry Churchill" was passed personal reliability : he would go out of ally lost her eye sight. She was a very sick included in the Herzl Year Book, vol, 4, nis way if he felt that his presence might give woman when she moved into Osmond House in edited by Raphael Patai, Kobler was a con­ comfort to others. 1963, where she has now passed away. tributor to a number of magazines and a He died in harness, almost immediately after Fellow of the American Section of the Leo returning home from his Consulting Hour at PROFESSOR SELMAR ASCHHEIM Baeck Institute. He had many devoted readers the AJR, and at the same time when, at the The gynaecologist. Professor Selmar Asch­ who will mourn the loss of a memorable AJR Meeting, his splendid work was referred heim, died in Paris in his 88th year. He was scholar. He was a serious writer and had the to in the Annual Report. a Fellow of many scientific societies and also spirit and mind of a true historian in constant We extend our deepest sympathy to his a member of " La Solidarite ", the organisation search of new material. widow and the other members of his family. of former German Jews in France, JOSEF FRAENKEL.

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COMFORTABLE HOME Do you wont comfort and HOUSE ARLET" every convenience, 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' .,77 ST. GABRIEL'S ROAD. N.W.Z FOR OLD LADIES Visitors to London and permanent guests First-Class Accommodation •'e we'comed in my exclusively turnished Nursery and Kindergarten and cultivated Private Hotel, room with own bath, excellent Continental Occasional meals provided. Moderate Terms food, TV, lounge, gardens ? Central heating throughout. Garden, •y. etc. Good residential district, 68 Sboot-up Hill. N.W.2 Mrs. A. WOLFF, 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 •Phone : GLA, 4029 3 Hemstal Rood, N.W.6 MRS, LOTTE SCHWARZ •Phone : GLA. SS38 (MAI, 8521) Prospectus from the Principal, HAM. 1662 Page 12 AJR INFORMATION July, 1965

POSTSCRIPT TO "MONUMENTA JUDAICA" Organisational News EXHIBITION The impressive two volumes—a Catalogue CLAIMS CONFERENCE AJR GENERAL MEETING and a Handbook—published on the occasion of the " Monumenta Judaica" Exhibition m The Claims Conference now has no further The good attendance of the General Meeting, Cologne have now been complemented by a major allocations to make, but it will remain held on June 17, reflected the interest taken third publication, called "Fazit". The book in existence until available residual funds^now by members in the widespread constructive carries records of the Exhibition from its standing at about £1,750,000, have been activities of the AJR, After the addresses on opening ceremony on October 15, 1963, up to allotted, and until there is fulfilment of all the work during the past year and the ensuing its closure five months later, which was marked individual claims provided for under the agree­ discussion, the members of the Executive and by a Mass Rally of 5,000 people. The addresses, ments with Bonn, Board were elected and re-elected respectively delivered on both occasions by prominent In the eleven-year period of its agreement as proposed from the platform, A full report Christians and Jews are published in the with Germany, the Conference has allocated will be published in the next issue. volume. " Fazit" also includes press reports a total of $130 million (about £46i million). Letter to the Editor on the Exhibition. Of this, $84,600,000 had been spent on relief One article, written in a dignified way by and reconstruction. The Joint Distribution THE MONASCH FAMILY Pater Dr. Willehad Paul Eckert (Cologne), Committee has administered this sum, supple­ Sir,—It will be of interest to the readers of deals with certain criticism, levelled against menting it with $21,600,000 of its own funds. the artKle "The General Who Hated War" the Exhibition from non-Jewish and also some Cultural and educational reconstruction took (June, 1965) to know that I have in my library Jewish quarters. In another contribution, one $19z million and the commemoration and various sets of Machsorim, which have been of the well informed students who acted as documentation of the holocaust $4i million, printed by L. Mormsch of Krotoschin. Some guides relates his observations on the reaction —(J.C.) of the books date from the year 1838. of the visitors. The preparatory work as well There is a special edition for subscribers as the basic object and the achievements of the WORLD CONFERENCE OF JEWISH who. like my ovm great-grandfather, had paid Exhibition, are described by Studienrat Konrao ORGANISATIONS the purciuise price in advance. The list of Schilling (Cologne), the General Secretary oi Cojo, the Conference of Jewish Organisations subscribers (" Alphabetisches Verzeichnis der the Exhibition, and by Dr. Kurt Hackenberg, representing Jewish bodies throughout the Herren Praenumeranten "), classified accord­ Head of the Cultural Department of the world, at its recent meeting in Geneva agreed ing to their places of residence in the former Cologne City Council. "Fazit" (DM4—plus to strengthen and formalise its structure. It Province of Posen. is attached to the copies. postage) may be ordered from: Verwaltung der has now acquired powers to take collective This list is certainly also of interest with Museen, Wallraf-Richartz Museum, An der action, when circumstances warrant it, in the regard to the genealogy of Jewish families Rechtsschule, 5, Cologne (W. German). name of its ten constituent groups. Previously hailing from this district. E,G,L, Cojo's primary role was in a consultative An amusing story, which has been handed capacity, down through geiierations of our family, is the YAD VASHEM AWARD TO ENGLISH following one: A Jew, rather ignorant in SISTERS VACANCIES IN MANCIIESTER HOME Jewi.sh rituals, but anxious to impress his host Miss Louise Cook and Miss Ida Cook were, There are at present several first-floor single on Yom Kippur in shool, was told that on Yom at the Israeli Embassy in London, presented rooms available in the subsiduary building of Kippur the last sentence of the prayer book vvith certificates on behalf of Yad Vashem, the Morris Feinmann Home (Manchester), The has to be repeated seven times. He was heard Israeli memorial authority for the victims oi house is surrounded by a beautiful garden. to recite seven times with emphasis: Nazi persecution. The two sisters helped to Applicants should write to: The chairman, " Gedruckt bei Monasch in Krotoschin." save 29 German-Jewish men, women ana Morris Feinmann Homes, Spath Road, MR. H. LIBROWICZ. children in the years immediately before the Didsbury, Manchester, 20, Shipley, Yorks. Second World War, PHOTOCOPIES BRASSIERES, CORSETS QUICK and RELIABLE H. KAUFMANN HIGHEST PRICES AND CORSELETS Painting & Decorating paid for Specialising in Ladies' and Gentlemen's cost-oM Ail made to measure GOLDERSTAT 25 Downham Rood, N,1 High-class Interior Decorating Clothing, Suitcases, Trunks, etc. MRS. A. MAYER (Ladies' large sizes preferred) 'Phone: CLIssold 5464 (5 lines) 201 Wembley Hill Road, WE GO ANYWHERE. ANY TIME 'Phone No,: SPE. 1451 54 Golders Gardens, N.W.II Wembley, Middx. (ARNold 5S25) 'Phone : SPEedwell 5643 S. DIENSTAG JEWISH BOOKS Please Note New Address (HAMpstead 0748) of all kinds, new and second-hand. STILL DOING FIRST-CLASS Whole Libraries and Single Volumes INTERIOR DECORATIONS bought. Taleisim, Bookbinding. L. A. PREECE GERMAN BOOKS Wir interessieren uns auch 67 Highview Gardens, Edgware, bought by M. SULZBACHER fiJr Ihre mitgebrachten Middlesex Continental Book Supply lEWISH & HEBREW BOOKS (also purchase) Telephone : STOnegrove 5B35 Write to : 4 Sneath Avenue, Golders Green Rd., deutschen Bucher und Autographen F. Steiner, 96 Greencroft Gardens. London, N.W.ll. Tel.: SPE. 1694 F. FRIEDLAND London, N.W.6. or 'phone MAI. 6892 LIBRIS (LONDON) LTD. INTERIOR FITTINGS Built-in Furniture, General Wood­ 38a BOUNDARY ROAD, DEUTSCHE BUECHER work, Formica work RABE]\STEIN Ltd. LONDON, N.W.S Aus alien Wissensgebieten, 99 FRAMPTON ST., N.W.S Kosher Butchers, Poulterers Director : Dr. I. Suschltzkv Bibliophile und Erstousgaben, (off Edgware Road) 'Phone : MAI. 3030 Phone: PAD. 3714/GLA. 8917 and Autographen, Illustrierte Werke Sausage Manufacturers STETS GESUCHT! STANDARD SEWING MACHINE SERVICE Ltd. . Under supervision of the Beth t"" ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd. < Wholesalers and Retailers R. & E. STEINER (BOOKS) _J^^^ WEL. 2S2S ^^ of first-class II^^^V All Makes Bought, Sold & Exchanged. ^^^ 5 Garson House, Gloucester iW^ffl^WrS Repairs. Maintenance, ^::^^ Continental Sausages Terrace, London, W.2 ISSSmOm ,8 CRAWFORD STREET, BAKER STREET, W.l Daily Deliveries Tel.: AMBassador 1564 11 Fairhazel Gardens, N,W.6 The WIGMORE LAUNDRY Ltd. Thone : MAI, 3224 and MAI, 9236 Dringend gesucht alte Jahrgaenge R. jl^ G '^"-ECTRICAL (moeglichst komplett 1933-1939) LTD. CONTINENTAL LAUNDRY SPECIALISTS . 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