OIL AND NATURAL GAS CORPORATION LIMITED
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT/ ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
FOR Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, Involving Construction of Well Manifold At Kunjaban And Sundalbari And Pipeline At District North Tripura
[ToR Letter: J-11011/60/2017-IA.II(I) dated 31st May 2017] [ToR Amendment Letter: J-11011/60/2017-IA II(I) dated 20th December 2018] [Study Period: 1st October 2018 to 31st December 2018] [Schedule 1 (b) Category–“A” as per EIA Notification 2006]
APPLICANT CONSULTANT Oil and Natural Gas Corporation ECO CHEM SALES & Limited SERVICES ONGC, 4th Floor, Tower A, Pandit Deendayal Office floor, Ashoka Pavilion Upadhyay Urja Bhavan, Plot No 5, Vasant ‟A‟, New Civil Road, Surat, Kunj, Nelson Mandela Marg, New Delhi 395001. (QCI/NABET Accredited 110070. No. NABET/EIA/2023/RA 0181) E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Contact No: 0 98682 82200 Contact No: +912612231630
April – 2021 Doc. No: 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
UNDERTAKING BY PROJECT PROPONENT
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 i EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) UNDERTAKING BY CONSULTANT
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 ii EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 iii EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 iv EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 v EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 vi EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Project Name and Location Name: Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold. Address: At Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline at North Tripura. 2. Products & Capacities. If expansion proposal then existing products with capacities and reference to early EC. 6.0 MMSCMD Natural gas. 3. Requirement of Land, Raw Material, Water, Power, Fuel with Source of supply (quantitative) Land Requirement: 1.7 ha of land area has been acquired for each wells i.e. total land acquired for 37 wells will be 62.9 ha. PML Name Area (Km2) Agartala Dome (AD-4) 32.580 Agartala Dome 15.75 Agartala Dome Extension II 160.86 Manikyanagar Sonamura Ext I 168.55 Konaban 33.0046 Kunjaban 288 Sundalbari Agartala Dome 301 Tichna 195.410
Raw Material: Not applicable Water: No additional domestic water will be required during the production as during Production manpower will be managed from the existing manpower in the connected installations. Hence no additional load on water sources of Tripura State. Power: The power requirement for production shall be sourced by state electricity board and stand by from 62 kVA DG sets during emergency. Fuel: 5-6 M3 of HSD will be required for DG. Set 4. Process Description in brief, specifically indication the gaseous emission, liquid effluent and solid/hazardous waste Process Description: Conversion of 37 No. Exploratory Wells for Development Construction of 2 pipe manifold at Kunjaban 8‟& 6‟ and Sundalbari 8‟& 6‟ Flow-lines and Gas Grid Network. Flue Gas Emission from Proposed Plant: Flue gas emission from proposed D.G set having capacity 62 kVA in case of emergency and from flaring. Solid and Hazardous Waste generated are as follows: Waste oil and lead acid batteries shall be generated. Solid and hazardous waste will be handled as per the hazardous and other wastes (management and trans boundary movement) rules, 2016. 5. Measures for mitigating the impact on the environment and mode of discharge or disposal No additional generation of wastewater as no drilling activity, produced water will be generated during gas processing which will be treated in ETP. 6. Capital Cost of the Project, Estimated time of completion Rs. 313.76 Crores is estimated for proposed activity and estimated time for completion will be 3-4 months for each wells. 7. Site selected for the project- Nature of land – Agricultural (Single/double crop), barren, Govt/Private land, status of is acquisition, nearby (in 2-3 km) water body, population, with in 10 km other industries, forest. Eco-sensitive zones, accessibility. Proposed activity will be done on private lease land. Haora River at 1.35 km in SE from Well (KUAC), Gongor River at 5.00 km in W from Well (RODJ), Gomati River 1.00 km in SE from Well (SDAC), Salda River at 2.79 km in S from Well (RODJ), Muhuri River at 0.60 km in N from Well (GOAK), Juri River at 4.96 km in N from Well (KHBJ & KHBE). Trishna WLS at 11.37 km in W from well (GOAK) Sipahijala Wildlife Sanctuary at 5.57 km in SE from well (ROBB). Unakoti Reserve forest at 10 km in NW from well (KHBJ & KHBE), Deo Reserve forest at 10 km in S from Well (KHBJ & KHBE). 8. Baseline environmental data – Air quality, Surface and Ground water quality, Soil characteristic, Flora and Fauna, Socio-Economic condition of the nearby population. As per the baseline study results of study area gaseous parameters (PM2.5: 18.3 – 35.9 µg/m3, PM10: 37.6– 74.3 µg/m3, SOx: 3.8 – 8.6 µg/m3, NOx: 10.9 – 20.9 µg/m3, etc.) are below the standard norms prescribed by NAAQS. Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 vii EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Surface water COD (8-18 mg/L) and BOD (<4-6 mg/L) values were found more than the expected value. Ground water results of tested parameters (TDS: 84 to 122 mg/L, Total Hardness: 42 -62 mg/L, Total Alkalinity (36 – 56 mg/L) for all locations meet with the standard IS 10500 – 2012. As per soil analysis data (pH: 7.12 – 7.74, Total nitrogen: 0.048 – 0.072 %, Total Phosphorous: 275.5 – 385.3 kg/ha, etc.) it is concluded that surface soils are saline. Almost all the villages have more than 50 % people as non-workers. 9. Identification of hazardous in handling processing and storage of hazardous material and safety system provided to mitigate the risk. After identifying hazards in Conversion of 37 exploration wells. Few recommendation are suggested: BOP must be checked monthly by competent person and tagging system should be adopted. Durability of pipelines shall be ensured by competent person every quarterly as per the IS standards, and reports shall be recorded. Weekly blow-out drills must be conducted to test reliability of BOP and drill team preparedness 10. Likely impact of the project on Air, Water, Land, Flora-fauna nearby population. Negligible impact due to flue gas as operation of DG. Sets during emergency only. No major impact on Land use and land cover. 11. Emergency preparedness plan in case of natural or in plant emergencies. It is recommended that the DMP to be assimilated into the actual operations prior to commencement of the project work. Mock drill should be conducted at periodic intervals to ensure the efficacy of the DMP. ONGC has well developed DMP/ERP assimilated with district and national level Disaster Management Plan, etc. 12. Issues raised during public hearing (if applicable) and response given Public hearing issues is been incorporated in the chapter 7 of EIA/EMP report. 13. CSR/CER plan ONGC shall follow the CSR/CER rules and do the needful after receiving proposal through the District Administration. 14. Occupational Health Measures Personnel protective equipment such as safety shoes, safety goggles, hand gloves, gum boots, safety helmet, and breathing apparatus set kit will be given to all workers and staff. Safety awareness programs will be conducted. 15. Post Project Monitoring Plan Post project environmental monitoring is/will be done as per MoEFCC/CPCB/SPCB guidelines by following recommended/standard method approved by MoEFCC/CPCB/SPCB.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 viii EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) ANNEXURE S. No. Document Name 1. a. ToR Letter b. Amended ToR Letter 2. a. Existing EC‟s b. Certified EC Compliance 3. Consent to Operate 4. Corporate Environment Policy 5. HSE Policy 6. Corporate E-waste Policy 7. DMP Report 8. Manifold Equipment list and other 9. Public Hearing MoM 10. Nabet Certificate of Consultant 11. MoEFCC Notification dtd. 19/02/2021 for Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 ix EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PRELUDE EIA studies are very important for any developmental activity to be taken into consideration. EIA studies help to the decision maker for approving the project about the impact on local and remote Environment, societal benefits and losses if any of the development in particular region. Power generation is important for the nation. The need to avoid adverse impacts and to ensure long term benefits has led to the concept of sustainability. This has become accepted as an essential feature of development, if the aim of increased well-being and greater equity in fulfilling basic needs is to be met for this and future generations. Mankind, as it is developed today, cannot live without taking up developmental activities for the food, security and other needs. Consequently, there is a need to harmonize developmental activities with the environmental concerns. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is one of the tools available with the planners to achieve the above mentioned goals. An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) may be defined as:
EIA is an assessment of the possible impact (positive or negative) due to proposed or expansion project which may have on the environment, together consisting of the natural, social and economic aspects. The purpose of the assessment is to ensure that decision makers to consider the environmental impacts along with mitigation measures when deciding whether to proceed with a project or not. EIA has three main functions: To predict problems (Impact Assessment), To find ways to avoid them (Mitigation Measures), To enhance positive impacts (Environmental Management Plan). It is required that every project proponent must take Environmental Clearance from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi/SEIAA before starting up any project as per EIA legislation. The environmental clearance is also mandatory for the expansion, modernization; this is applicable as per the MoEF&CC guidelines and EIA notifications 2006 and amended from time to time. 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT As per the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification dated 14th September 2006 and its amendment thereafter, the Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells into Development Wells and Laying of Associated Flow Lines, Involving Construction of Well Manifold falls in “Category A” under project activity 1(b). Application for prior Environmental Clearance for the proposal was submitted to the Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), New Delhi vide Proposal No. IR/TR/IND2/62594/2017 dated 17th February, 2017 for approval of Terms of Reference (TOR) for the preparation of EIA/EMP Report for which the baseline data is collected during October to December 2018. The present EIA Report has been prepared on the basis of EIA Notification, with special reference to the TOR conditions received from Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), vide letter J-11011/60/2017-IA.II(I) dated 31st May 2017 for Development Drilling of 27 Wells & Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells into Development Wells and Laying of Associated Flow Lines, Involving Construction of Well Manifold falls, copy of ToR letter is enclosed as Annexure-1A. The ToR amendment for public hearing exemption has been rejected in vide letter No.F.No. J- 11011/60/2017-IA II(I) dtd. 20/12/2018 Copy of the amended TOR letter is enclosed as Annexure-1B. 1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) proposed Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline. ONGC owned electrical type rigs or chartered hired rig are proposed to be deployed for undertaking drilling in the block at Kunjaban and Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. The salient features in and around area is given in table 1.1
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 1 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Table 1.1: Salient Features in and around the area S. No. Particulars Description & Aerial Distance and Direction 1. Nearest Village Village is approx. 500 M from nearby wells (Human Settlement) 2. Nearest City Agartala approx. 2.5 Km in SW direction from well (KUAC) 3. Nearest Railway station Agartala approx. 3.0 Km in SW direction from well (ADAK) 4. Nearest Airport Maharaja Bir Bikram Airport, Agaratala approx. 4.5 Km in W direction from well (KUAD) 5. State, National Bangladesh International Border Boundaries 6. Sea Bay of Bengal approx. 62.38 km in S direction from well (GOAF) 7. Archaeological site None within 10 km radius of the study area 8. National Park/ Marine Clouded Leopard National Park is in Sipahijala Wildlife Sanctuary sanctuary, etc. 9. Wildlife Sanctuary Trishna WLS at 11.37 km in W from well (GOAK), Sipahijala Wildlife Sanctuary at 5.57 km in SE from well (ROBB) 10. Reserve Forests Unakoti Reserve forest at 10 km in NW from well (KHBJ & KHBE), Deo Reserve forest at 10 km in S from Well (KHBJ & KHBE) Haora River at 1.35 km in SE from Well (KUAC), Gongor River at 5.00 km in W from Well (RODJ), Gomati River at 1.00 km in SE from Well (SDAC), Salda 11. Rivers River at 2.79 km in S from Well (RODJ), Muhuri River at 0.60 km in N from Well (GOAK), Juri River at 4.96 km in N from Well (KHBJ & KHBE).
1.3.1 Project Background During pre-independence, the Assam Oil Company in the North-Eastern and Attock Oil Company in North- Western part of undivided India were the only oil companies producing oil in the country. Oil and Natural Gas Directorate was set up in 1955 under the then Ministry of Natural Resources and Scientific Research. ONGC went offshore in early 70's and discovered a giant oil field in the form of Bombay High, now known as Mumbai High. This discovery, along with subsequent discoveries of huge oil and gas fields in Western offshore changed the oil scenario of the country. Subsequently, over 5 billion tonnes of hydrocarbons, which were present in the country, were discovered. The most important contribution of ONGC, however, is its self-reliance and development of core competence in E&P activities at a globally competitive level. The liberalized economic policy, adopted by the Government of India in July 1991, sought to deregulate and de- license the core sectors (including petroleum sector) with partial disinvestments of government equity in Public Sector Undertakings and other measures. As a consequence thereof, ONGC was re-organized as a limited Company under the Company's Act, 1956 in February 1994. Today, Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. (ONGC) is, the leader in Exploration & Production (E&P) activities in India contributing 72 per cent to India‟s total production of crude oil and 48 per cent of natural gas. Journey of ONGC had placed them among Fortune “World‟s Most Admired Companies” and ranked us 3rd in the E&P industry globally on the Platts Top 250 Rankings 2014. 1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY, REGION S. No. Details Description
Conversion of 37 Explorations wells in to development wells and laying of 1. Nature associated flow lines involving construction of Well Manifold Category-A, under section 1(b)
Conversion of 37 Explorations wells in to development wells and laying of 2. Size associated flow lines, involving construction of Well Manifold. 6.0 MMSCMD Natural gas. 3. Location At Kunjaban and Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. 4. Cost of the project Rs. 313.76 Crores
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 2 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Importance to the Country and Region Natural gas – Fuel of the 21st century The natural gas sector has gained importance, particularly over the last decade, and is being termed as the Fuel of the 21st Century." According to a TERI report, natural gas forms 9 per cent of the total commercial energy mix in India, but its demand far exceeds supply. As dependence on natural gas increases in the power sector, it is estimated that consumption will grow by 9% annually to touch 109.7 million tonnes of energy (mtoe) in 2020. An Ernst & Young report points out that India's natural gas market continues to be in a state of deficit, with demand far exceeding the supplies. In FY12, around 38% of the gas demand was unmet. With most power in India being thermally generated, there is undoubtedly high dependence on natural gas, coal and oil.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – DETAILS OF REGULATORY SCOPING CARRIED OUT
1.5.1 Regulatory framework Consent to Establish and Operate Environmental Clearance under EIA Notification 2006. E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 as amended to date. Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Trans-boundary Movement) Amendment Rules, 2016 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Rules, 1991 as amended to date. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules, 1975, as amended to date. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules, 1982, as amended to date. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and Rules, 1986, as amended to date The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 & The Central Motor Vehicle rules, 1989 The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 as amended to date. The Petroleum Act, 1934 & Rules, 2002.
1.5.2 Scope of the Study The EIA/EMP report has been prepared in line with approved Standard ToR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi, vide letter J-11011/60/2017-IA.II (I) dated 31/05/2017 and as per generic structure given in EIA Notification – 2006 (Appendix III & IIIA). Also received amended ToR letter F.No. J-11011/60/2017-IA II(I) dtd. 20/12/2018. The EIA/EMP report includes collection of baseline data with respect to major environmental components, viz. Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Geology, Hydrology, Land use, Ecology & Biodiversity and Socio-economic components for one season (post Monsoon) i.e. from October to December 2018. The study area map covering 10 km radius of 37 conservation wells is given in Chapter – 3. The Compliance to the ToR condition has been provided under section 1.10.
1.6 APPLICABILITY OF EIA NOTIFICATION, 2006/ FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT/WILDLIFE (PROTECTION) ACT, 1972/ CRZ NOTIFICATION 2011/2016. The proposed project i.e. Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells into Development Wells and Laying of Associated Flow Lines, Involving Construction of Well Manifold falls under Category-A, under section 1(b) as per the prevailing EIA Notification, dated 14th September 2006 and its amendments thereafter. 37 exploratory wells which are been converted into development wells are not located on forest land. As per the MoEFCC Notification, New Delhi [S.O.789(E)] dated 19/02/2021, ESZ of Sipahijala Wildlife Sanctuary is to an extent of 10 m to 50 m around boundary. All 37 well locations are outside the Eco-sensitive Zone boundary, Hence Forest Clearance is not applicable to the project. 1.7 APPLICABILITY OF GC CONDITIONS AS PER EIA NOTIFICATION 2006 AND ITS AMENDMENT THEREAFTER General condition is applicable as the International boundary of Bangladesh is approx. 500 m away from the nearest well.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 3 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 1.8 STATUS OF LITIGATIONS/COURT ORDERS No litigation pending/court Case pending for this project.
1.9 EXISTING EC AND STATUS OF EC COMPLIANCE The old exploration project covered under different environment clearance, drilling operations were completed, and in some of the wells sufficient indications of hydrocarbons were noticed while drilling, the wells were tested by perforation in the production casing. ONGC has obtained environmental clearance for 37 wells which they are going to be converted onto development wells. Details of EC are listed below: S. No. Release Name PML Name Environmental Clearance Coordinates F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 43' 17.404"N 1. ADDE Agartala Dome PML 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 20' 27.88"E F.No.J-11011 / 635 / 2007- 23° 45' 30.589"N 2. ADAK Agartala Dome Ext-II 1A II(I) Dated 22.10.2007 91° 17' 31.502"E F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 44' 31.967"N 3. ADDI Agartala Dome PML 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 20' 19.342"E 23° 45' 1.796"N 4. ADDD Agartala Dome (AD4) -DO- 91° 21' 37.469"E, 23° 44' 4.967"N 5. ADAO Agartala Dome Ext-II -DO- 91° 19' 13.766"E 23° 44' 35.339"N 6. ADDO Agartala Dome (AD4) -DO- 91° 21' 50.026"E 23° 43' 44.1"N Agartala Dome PML -DO- 7. ADDP_AGT 91° 21' 0.9"E 23° 44' 11.366"N Agartala Dome PML -DO- 8. ADDM 91° 20' 37.421"E 23° 50' 54.24"N Kunjaban -DO- 9. KUAC 91° 18' 20.53"E F.No.J-11011 / 636 /2007- 23° 53' 33.29"N Kunjaban 10. KUAD 1A II(I) Dated 22.10.2007 91° 17' 20.1"E Manikya F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 30' 40.92"N 11. ROAX Nagar Sonamura 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 16' 3.17"E 23° 42' 14.8"N RO-9 (SUB) Konaban -DO- 12. 91° 10' 44.562"E, 23° 44' 5.298"N RODG Konaban -DO- 13. 91° 9' 46.368"E, 23° 43' 25.262"N RODH Konaban -DO- 14. 91° 10' 3.266"E, 23° 43' 3.097"N RODL Konaban -DO- 15. 91° 10' 23.365"E, 23° 41' 37.54"N RODJ Konaban -DO- 16. 91° 10'23.732"E, 23° 42' 41.094"N RODM_AGT Konaban -DO- 17. 91° 10' 34.619"E, 23° 42' 2.423"N RODI_AGT Konaban -DO- 18. 91° 9' 58.277"E, 23° 31' 31.39"N SDDB_AGT Tichna -DO- 19. 91° 22' 21.86"E, F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 44' 45.629"N ADDQ - 20. 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 19' 42.47"E, 23° 44' 12.8"N ADDK - -DO- 21. 91° 20' 26.902"E, 23° 45' 15.811"N ADAP - -DO- 22. 91° 16' 10.182"E, F.No.J-11011/635/2007-1A 23° 44' 23.068"N ROAW - 23. II(I) Dated 22.10.2007 91° 10' 2.546"E,
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 4 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 42' 4.982"N ROBD - 24. 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 9' 38.509"E, 23° 42' 4.367"N RODO - -DO- 25. 91° 10' 40.577"E, 23° 42' 37.436"N ROBF - -DO- 26. 91° 9' 36.389"E, 23° 42' 11.588"N RODP - -DO- 27. 91° 10' 20.528"E, 23° 42' 28.62"N ROBB - -DO- 28. 91° 15' 28.04"E, 23° 28' 32.347"N ROBC - -DO- 29. 91° 17' 5.226"E, 23° 31' 33.37"N SDAA - -DO- 30. 91° 22' 24.179"E, F.No.J-11011/633/2007-1A 23° 29' 1.446"N SDAC - 31. II(I) Dated 22.10.2007 91° 24' 33.602"E, F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 29' 2.18"N SDDA_Agt - 32. 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 24' 33.322"E, 23° 29' 58.42"N SNDA_Sub - -DO- 33. 91° 16' 34.349"E, F.No.J-11011 / 213 / 2008- 23° 14' 47.062"N GOAF - 34. 1A II(I) Dated 11.06.2008 91° 31' 5.074"E, 23° 15' 37.116"N GOAK - -DO- 35. 91° 30' 42.037"E, F.No.J-11011/401/2006-1A 24° 14' 27.985"N KHBE - 36. II(I) Dated 22.09.2008 92° 9' 28.937"E, F. No. J-11011/41/2010- 1A 24° 14' 26.444"N KHBJ - 37. II (I) dated 04.01.2011 92° 8' 38.875"E,
Note: For the well name KHBE and KHBJ; EC assigned name is RKH-2 and RKH-5. ONGC is regularly submitting six monthly EC compliance report of concerned authority time to time. Certified EC compliance report is attached as Annexure.
1.10 VALIDITY OF AIR/WATER CONSENT ORDERS AND HWA FOR EXISTING PROJECT Consent of Operate for GCS was accorded by Tripura State Pollution Control Board vide letter no F.17(10)/TSPCB/W/Gas/(L-Red)/2337/2256-62 dated 1st Feb, 2020 valid up to 23rd Jan, 2025, vide letter no F.17(10)/TSPCB/W/Gas processing/(L-Red)/1181/653-59 dated 9th Jan, 2020 valid up to 8th Jan, 2025 and vide letter no F.17(10)/TSPCB/W/Gas processing/(L-Red)/3284/2263-69 dated 1st Feb, 2020 valid up to 23rd Jan, 2025. Copy of CCA is enclosed as Annexure-3A.
1.11 STRUCTURE OF EIA REPORT The entire EIA report is prepared based on the generic structure of EIA document given at appendix - III of the Notification No. S.O. 1533 dated 14th September, 2006 at MoEFCC, New Delhi.
1.12 COMPLIANCE WITH REFERENCE TO THE TOR IDENTIFIED BY PP AND ADDITIONAL TOR STIPULATED BY THE AUTHORITY ToR Letter No. J-11011/60/2017-IA.II (I) dated 31/05/2017 under Schedule 1(b) Category “A” Offshore and onshore oil and gas exploration, development & production for Development Drilling of 27 wells & conversion of 37 Explorations wells in to development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban and Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. ONCG had dropped the pipeline at North Tripura and development drilling of 27 wells.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 5 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
A. Standard ToR S. No. ToR Point Reply Citation 1. Executive Summary Incorporated in EIA/EMP report. Page vii 2. Project description, project objectives and Conversion of 37 No. project benefits Exploration Wells into development wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline at District North Tripura has been briefed. Section 2.7, Revenue Earning of Central & page 12, State Government: Both, State Chapter 2. Government and Govt of India would be benefited with the Page 143 natural gas production from the Chapter 8 wells. Employment Potential: The project has a potential to generate direct and indirect employment for unskilled, semi- skilled and skilled manpower for flowlines. 3. Cost of project and period of The total approximate cost Section 2.8.1, completion including cost for conversion of 37 Page 17, development wells, cost of Chapter 2. construction of Well Manifold and laying of flow lines and gas grid network is Rs. 313.76 Crores. Work will start after getting Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. 4. Site details within 1 km of the each There is no habitation near the Section 1.3, proposed well, any habitation, any other well. The details of any habitation, Page1, installation/activity, flora and fauna, any other installation/activity, flora Chapter 1 approachability to site, other activities and fauna, approachability to site, Section 3.11 , including agriculture/land, satellite imagery other activities including Page 69, for 10 km area. All the geological details agriculture/land are incorporated. Chapter 3, shall be mentioned in the Toposheet of 1:40000 scale, superimposing the well locations and other structures of the projects. Topography of the project site. 5. Details of sensitive areas such as National Incorporated in the Report. Section 1.3, Park, Wildlife sanctuary and any other eco- Page 1, sensitive area along with map indicating Chapter 1 distance. 6. Approval for the forest land from the 37 exploratory wells which are State/Central Govt. under Forest been converted into development (Conservation) Act, 1980, if applicable. wells are not located on forest land, However as per the MoEFCC Notification, New Delhi - dated 19/02/2021 all 37 well locations are outside the Eco- sensitive Zone boundary, Hence Forest Clearance is not applicable to the project. 7. Recommendation of SCZMA/CRZ Not Applicable clearance as per CRZ Notification dated 6th - January, 2011 (if applicable). 8. Distance from nearby critically/ Not Applicable severely polluted area as per Notification, if - applicable. Status of moratorium imposed Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 6 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) on the area. 9. Does proposal involve rehabilitation and Not Applicable - resettlement? If yes, details thereof. 10. Environmental considerations in the Environmental considerations in - selection of the drilling locations for which the selection of the drilling environmental clearance is being sought. locations is not required because Present any analysis suggested for proposed project is Conversion of minimizing the foot print giving details of 37 Exploration Wells into drilling and development options development wells. considered. 11. Baseline data collection for air, water and Baseline environmental study has Section 3.1, soil for one season leaving the monsoon been conducted for the study Page 19, season in an area of 10 km radius with region for the period 1st Oct 2018 Chapter 3. center of Oil Field as its center covering to 31st Dec 2018. the area of all proposed drilling wells. 12. Climatology and Meteorology including Climatology and Meteorology Table 3.3, wind speed, wind direction, temperature study has been conducted. Page 25, rainfall relative Humidity etc. Temperature: 8.5 -35.0°C Chapter 3. Relative Humidity: 46-98 % Wind speed: 0.1-6.7 km/hr 13. Details of Ambient Air Quality monitoring at Details of ambient air Quality Table 3.4, 8 locations for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, monitoring at various locations Page 33, CO, VOCs, Methane and non-methane (10 Nos.) for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, Chapter 3. HC. NOx, CO, VOCs, Methane. and non-methane HC has been done. Monitoring and analysis was also carried out for CO, Total VOC, Methane HC and Non Methane HC. Result for the CO, Total VOC, Methane HC and Non Methane HC was found well within the norms. 14. Soil sample analysis (physical and Soil sample analysis has Section 3.9, chemical properties) at the areas located been conducted for 8 locations. Page 52, at 5 locations. Chapter 3. 15. Ground and surface water quality in the Ground water Quality: Based on vicinity of the proposed wells site. comparison study of test results with drinking water norms, it is Section 3.10.4, interpreted that water qualities of Page 58, studied locations meet with the Chapter 3. standards.
Surface water Quality: Based on Section 3.10.7, test result data comparison study, Page 63, it is interpreted that surface water Chapter 3. quality does not meet with drinking water norms as per IS 10500:2012. 16. Measurement of Noise levels within 1 km Based on noise level data radius of the proposed wells. obtained during the survey, it is interpreted that noise levels are Section 3.6, within the standard norms Page 36, prescribed by MoEF & CC and Chapter 3. noise environment can be considered good. 17. Vegetation and land use; flora/fauna in the Majority land use cover is a range Section 3.7, block area with details of endangered land (60.72%) followed by Page 47, species, if any. Agricultural land (38.72%). Chapter 3 Near Threatened, Vulnerable and Endangered faunal species Section 3.11, shows the presence in the study Page 69, area as per the secondary data. Chapter 3 18. Incremental GLC as a result of DG set Incorporated in the chapter 4. Section 4.2.4, operation, flaring etc. Page 88
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 7 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 19. Potential environmental impact envisaged Description of the Potential Page 84 , during various stages of project activities environmental impact envisaged Chapter 4 such as site activation, development, during various stages of project operation/ maintenance and activities is been incorporated. decommissioning. 20. Actual source of water and 'Permission' for Proposed project does not involve - the drawl of water from the Competent drilling activity so there will not be Authority. Detailed water balance, need of fresh water for the wastewater generation and discharge. conversion of wells into development wells. Hence no additional load on water sources of Tripura State. 21. Noise abatement measures and measures Acoustic enclosures and other Section 4.2.7, to minimize disturbance due to light and required practices will be provided Page 93, visual intrusions. for noise abatement measures. Chapter 4 Appropriate shading of lights will be done to prevent scattering. 22. Details on wastewater generation, No additional domestic waste Section 2.9.3, treatment and utilization /discharge for water will be generated as no Page 17, produced water/ formation water, cooling additional manpower requirement. Chapter 2 waters, other wastewaters, etc. during all Effluent produced during gas project phases. processing will be treated in Mobile ETP and ETP. 23. Details on solid waste management for drill There will not be generation of Section 10.2.3, cuttings, drilling mud and oil sludge, drill cuttings, drilling mud Page 149, produced sand, radioactive materials, produced sand, radioactive Chapter 10. other hazardous materials, etc. including materials as no drilling activity will its disposal options during all project be undertaken. Other hazardous phases. materials management is been incorporated. 24. Disposal of spent oil and lube. Spent oil and lube oil will be stored at dedicated storage area if - generated. 25. Storage of chemicals and diesel at site. Diesel and other chemicals will be Hazardous material usage, storage and stored at dedicated area, if - accounting. required. 26. Commitment for the use of water based There will not be drilling of wells - mud (WBM) only hence mud requirement is not there. 27. Oil spill emergency plans for Not Applicable as it is a natural - recovery/ reclamation. gas exploration project. 28. H2S emissions control. Earlier explorations show the -. absence of H2S in these Blocks. However, ONGC will have an H2S contingency plan that will come into action on detection of H2S (through sensors to be installed on the rig) at any stage of drilling, if any. 29. Produced oil/gas handling, processing and Produced gas will be processed - storage/transportation. at GCS and further will be distributed to consumers via pipeline. 30. Details of control of air, water and noise Details of control of air, water and Section 2.9, Page 17, pollution during production phase. noise pollution during production Chapter 2 phase is been detailed in report. 31. Measures to protect ground water and No adverse impact on Hydro- - shallow aquifers from contamination. geology due to project activity. 32. Whether any burn pits being utilized for No use of burn pits for well test - well test operations. operations. 33. Risk assessment and disaster Detailed Risk assessment and Page127 chapter 7. management plan for independent disaster management plan has
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 8 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) reviews of well-designed construction etc. been addressed in chapter 7. for prevention of blow out. Blowout preventer installation. 34. Environmental management plan. Environment management plan Page 149 to 153, for air, water, noise, solid/ Chapter 10. hazardous waste including OHS, and Plantation has been introduced in the report. 35. Total capital and recurring cost for Total Rs. 37.10 Lakhs as capital environmental control measures. cost has been allocated for Environmental control measures/ Page 152, Chapter 10 Environmental management plan and the recurring cost will Rs. 13.46 Lakhs/annum. 36. Emergency preparedness plan. Emergency preparedness plan is Section 7.6.8, been incorporated Page 142 Chapter 7 37. Decommissioning and restoration Decommissioning and restoration Section 2.7.4, plans. plans is detailed in the report. Page 16, Chapter 2. 38. Documentary proof of membership of No common disposal facility at - common disposal facilities, if any. Tripura. 39. Details of environmental and safety related ONCG maintains all the required - documentation within the company relevant documents and same will including documentation and proposed be continued. occupational health and safety Surveillance Safety Programme for all personnel at site this shall also include monitoring programme for the environmental. 40. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy of Corporate Environment Policy is - the company as per the Ministry's O.M. No. incorporated J-11013/41/2006-IA.II(I) dated 26th April, 2011 available on the Ministry's website. 41. Any litigation pending against the project No any Litigation pending against - and or any direction/order passed by any the project. court of law against the project. If so details thereof.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 1 9 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 GENERAL The aim of this chapter is to discuss about type, need, location, size or magnitude of project, operational activities, technology to be used and other related activities. It also provides a condensed description of the aspects which are likely to cause environmental damages to the surrounding environment. 2.2 TYPE OF PROJECT AND CAPACITY The discovery of gas in Tripura region in 1970s raised the hope for development of this remotely located state, which received further fillip in 1986-87 when gas production commenced in Tripura. Over the years, 11 structures have been probed through exploratory drilling by ONGC, out of which commercial gas has been discovered in 8 structures viz. Baramura, Rokhia, Agartala Dome, Gojalia, Tichna, Sonamura, Kunjaban & Sundalbari. Unfortunately, poor infrastructure and absence of adequate industrial development did not allow this natural resource to be fully utilized for strengthening the economy of the State. Thus, this vital source of energy remained under-utilized. With a view to monetize the idle gas reserves and improve the power scenario of the North-East, ONGC conceptualized setting up Mega Power Plant of 726.6 MW capacity through a joint venture company viz. ONGC Tripura Power Company (OTPC) at Palatana in 2005. Palatana is located at a distance of about 60 km from Agartala City. The requirement of gas for this plant was estimated to be around 2.65 MMSCMD and the supply was to be ascertained at least for 15 years. Subsequently, keeping in view the latest gas demand scenario in the state, ONGC Management has recently strategized to produce and supply 6.0 MMSCMD gas to different consumers.
2.3 NEED FOR THE PROJECT Looking in the view of the latest gas demand scenario in the state, ONGC Management has recently strategized to produce and supply 6.0 MMSCMD gas for different consumers as under: OTPC Power Plant: 3.0 MMSCMD OTPC Power Plant (Addl.): 0.5 MMSCMD TSECL Rokhia: 0.1 MMSCMD TSECL Baramura: 0.2 MMSCMD Allied Resins & Chemicals: 0.2 MMSCMD NEEPCO Monarchak: 0.5 MMSCMD
Total Gas Demand Build-up: 6.0 MMSCMD
2.4 LOCATION (MAPS SHOWING GENERAL LOCATION, SPECIFIC LOCATION, PROJECT BOUNDARY & PROJECT SITE LAYOUT, LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE)
Proposed project for conversion of 37 old exploration wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. Location map and Google image is depicted as figure 2.1 & 2.2. Co-ordinate of the 37 old exploratory wells is also provided below in table 2.1.
Table 2.1: 37 Old Exploratory Wells Co-ordinates S.No Release Name Latitude Longitude Latitude Longitude 1. ADDE 23.72150111 91.34083333 23° 43' 17.404"N 91° 20' 27.88"E 2. ADAK 23.75849444 91.29194444 23° 45' 30.589"N 91° 17' 31.502"E 3. ADDI 23.74194444 91.33861111 23° 44' 31.967"N 91° 20' 19.342"E 4. ADDD 23.75027778 91.36027778 23° 45' 1.796"N 91° 21' 37.469"E,
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 10 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 5. ADAO 23.73444444 91.32027778 23° 44' 4.967"N 91° 19' 13.766"E 6. ADDO 23.74305556 91.36388889 23° 44' 35.339"N 91° 21' 50.026"E 7. ADDP_AGT 23.72888889 91.35000000 23° 43' 44.1"N 91° 21' 0.9"E 8. ADDM 23.73638889 91.34361111 23° 44' 11.366"N 91° 20' 37.421"E 9. KUAC 23.84833333 91.30555556 23° 50' 54.24"N 91° 18' 20.53"E 10. KUAD 23.89250000 91.28888889 23° 53' 33.29"N 91° 17' 20.1"E 11. ROAX 23.51111111 91.26750000 23° 30' 40.92"N 91° 16' 3.17"E 12. RO-9 (SUB) 23.70388889 91.17888889 23° 42' 14.8"N 91° 10' 44.562"E, 13. RODG 23.73472222 91.16277778 23° 44' 5.298"N 91° 9' 46.368"E, 14. RODH 23.72361111 91.16750000 23° 43' 25.262"N 91° 10' 3.266"E, 15. RODL 23.71750000 91.17305556 23° 43' 3.097"N 91° 10' 23.365"E, 16. RODJ 23.69361111 91.17305556 23° 41' 37.54"N 91° 10'23.732"E, 17. RODM_AGT 23.71138889 91.17611111 23° 42' 41.094"N 91° 10' 34.619"E, 18. RODI_AGT 23.70055556 91.16611111 23° 42' 2.423"N 91° 9' 58.277"E, 19. SDDB_AGT 23.52527778 91.37250000 23° 31' 31.39"N 91° 22' 21.86"E, 20. ADDQ 23.74583333 91.32833333 23° 44' 45.629"N 91° 19' 42.47"E, 21. ADDK 23.73666667 91.34055556 23° 44' 12.8"N 91° 20' 26.902"E, 22. ADAP 23.75416667 91.26944444 23° 45' 15.811"N 91° 16' 10.182"E, 23. ROAW 23.73972222 91.16722222 23° 44' 23.068"N 91° 10' 2.546"E, 24. ROBD 23.70111111 91.16055556 23° 42' 4.982"N 91° 9' 38.509"E, 25. RODO 23.70111111 91.17777778 23° 42' 4.367"N 91° 10' 40.577"E, 26. ROBF 23.71027778 91.16000000 23° 42' 37.436"N 91° 9' 36.389"E, 27. RODP 23.70305556 91.17222222 23° 42' 11.588"N 91° 10' 20.528"E, 28. ROBB 23.70777778 91.25777778 23° 42' 28.62"N 91° 15' 28.04"E, 29. ROBC 23.47555556 91.28472222 23° 28' 32.347"N 91° 17' 5.226"E, 30. SDAA 23.52583333 91.37333333 23° 31' 33.37"N 91° 22' 24.179"E, 31. SDAC 23.48361111 91.40944444 23° 29' 1.446"N 91° 24' 33.602"E, 32. SDDA_AGT 23.48388889 91.40916667 23° 29' 2.18"N 91° 24' 33.322"E, 33. SNDA_SUB 23.49944444 91.27611111 23° 29' 58.42"N 91° 16' 34.349"E, 34. GOAF 23.24638889 91.51805556 23° 14' 47.062"N 91° 31' 5.074"E, 35. GOAK 23.26027778 91.51166667 23° 15' 37.116"N 91° 30' 42.037"E, 36. KHBE 24.24083333 92.15777778 24° 14' 27.985"N 92° 9' 28.937"E, 37. KHBJ 24.24055556 92.14388889 24° 14' 26.444"N 92° 8' 38.875"E,
Figure 2.1 Google Image of the Activity (Long View)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 11 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
National Highway-44 (NH-44) is the lifeline of Tripura that begins from Sabroom in South and runs Northward through major and muffasil towns like Manu Bazaar, Santir Bazaar, Udaipur, Bisramganj, Bishalgarh, Hafania and then takes a turn from Agartala in the West towards Shillong in the East through Jirania and Teliamura. The only airport in the State is at Singerbhil approx. 5 km North-West of Agartala City that caters to the domestic sector.
Figure 2.2: Location of Wells 2.5 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
2.5.1 Products/Production Capacity The project is Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells into development wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline at District North Tripura. 2.6 SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION Work will start after getting Environmental Clearance (EC) from MoEF&CC, New Delhi. Each well will take 1 to 3 months for getting started for gas production. 2.7 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION
2.7.1 Process Description The Oil and Gas extraction is classified into four major processes: 1. Exploration 2. Appraisal 3. Development and production 4. Decommissioning and abandonment. ONGC has completed the exploration process for the existing 37 wells, now the proposed project is only for development and production process.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 12 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 2.7.2 Development and production Development and production is the phase during which the infrastructure is installed to extract the hydrocarbon resource over the life of the estimated reserve. It may involve the drilling of additional wells called development or production wells, the operation of central production facilities to treat the produced hydrocarbons, the installation of flow lines, and the installation of pipelines to transport hydrocarbons to export facilities. A small reservoir may be developed using one or more of the appraisal wells. A large reservoir is required for drilling of additional production wells. Multiple production wells are often drilled from one pad to reduce land requirements and the overall infrastructure cost. The number of wells required to exploit the hydrocarbon reservoir varies with size of the reservoir and its geology. Large oilfields can require a hundred or more wells to be drilled, whereas smaller fields may only require ten or so. The drilling procedure involves similar techniques to those described for exploration; however, with a larger number of wells being drilled, the level of activity obviously increases in proportion. The well sites will be occupied for long and support services – workforce accommodation, water supply, waste management, and other services – will correspondingly increase. As each well is drilled it has to be prepared for production before the drilling rig departs. The heavy drill pipe is replaced by lighter weight tubing in the well and occasionally one well may carry two or three strings of tubing, each one produced from different layers of reservoir rock. The production facility processes the hydrocarbon fluids. Crude oil processing essentially involves the removal of gas and water before export. Gas processing involves the removal of liquids and other impurities such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulfide.
This project includes the following activities: I. Conversion of 37 No. Exploratory Wells for Development II. Construction of 2 pipe manifold at Kunjaban 8’& 6’ and Sundalbari 8’& 6’ III. Flow-lines and Gas Grid Network
2.7.3 Field Description Konaban Field Konaban field is located to the north of Manikyanagar field in the northern culmination of NNWSSE trending Rokhia anticline which is the western most exposed structure of the Frontal Fold Belt of Tripura. It is tectonically less disturbed as compared to the structures lying to the east and south east. Konaban field is separated from Manikyanagar field (located to the south) by a broad saddle and structurally higher by about 180 m w.r.t. Manikyanagar field. Konaban field was discovered in 1986 through drilling of well RO#4. The field has a total of 24 pay sands (KP- 7, KP- 8, KP-10, KP-15, KP-16, KP-21, KP-30, KP-40, KP-42, KP-44, and KP-50, KP-51, KP-55A, KP- 55B, KP-56, KP-57, KP-59, KP-60, KP-60A, KP-65A, KP-65B, KP-66, KP-67 and KP-70) occurring in a depth range of -693 mMSL (KP-7) to -2725 mMSL (KP-70) are interpreted to be gas bearing out of which 13 pay sands are producing/produced. All the pay sands are of sandstone dominantly silty in nature. Of these 24 pays, the upper 3 pays from KP-7 to KP- 10 belong to the Bokabil Formation while 7 pays from KP-15 to KP-44 belong to the Upper Bhuban Formation and the remaining 14 pays KP- 50 to KP-70 fall within Middle Bhuban Formation of Surma Group of sediments of Miocene Age.
Manikyanagar Field Manikyanagar field is located in the southern part of the northern culmination of NNW-SSE trending Rokhia anticline which is the western most exposed structure of the Frontal Folded Belt of Tripura. It is tectonically less disturbed as compared to the structures lying to the east and south east. Manikyanagar field is separated from Konaban field (located to the north) by a broad saddle and structurally lower by about 180 m w.r.t. Konaban field. Manikyanagar field discovered in 1983 is one of the main gas-producing fields of Tripura Asset. The field has a total of eight pay sands viz. MP-20, MP-21, MP-30, MP-33, MP-34, MP-35, MP-50 and MP-51A. All the pay sands have been tested and proved to be gas bearing in commercial scale. 75.64% of the total proved reserves of the field are placed in the main pay sands MP- 21 and MP-30. The reservoir sand facies are dominantly silty in nature with intercalations of shale at places. This gas bearing pay sands are within Surma Group of Middle and Upper Bhuban Formations belonging to Miocene age, occurring at a depth range of 1360 to 2400 m MSL.
Agartala Dome Field Agartala Dome field is a concealed structure located at a distance of about 15 km SE of Agartala town lying on a broad syncline between Rokhia anticline in west and Baramura anticline in east. The structure is wide Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 13 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) with a slight crestal shift towards south. The structure was initially identified as a geomorphic high through photogeological data. The areal extent as well as closure increases with depth. Its eastern and western margins are faulted. Agartala Dome field was discovered in February 1987 through drilling of well AD#1. The field has a total of twelve pay sands, which are designated as AP-10B, AP-36, AP-38, AP-39, AP- 40, AP-50, AP-51, AP-53, AP-54, AP-55, AP-58 and AP-60 from top to bottom. The depth of occurrences of these pay sands ranges from -1661 m to -3150 m. Out of 12 pay sands 9 pay sands namely AP-10B, AP- 36, AP-38, AP-40, AP-50, AP-53, AP-55, AP-58 and AP-60 have been tested and proved to be gas bearing in commercial quantities. Out of the remaining three pay sands, pay sand AP-39 has a GIIP of 366.6 MMm3 in PB category whereas pay sands AP- 51 and AP-54 have marginal GIIP of 65 MMm3 each in PS category. The pay sands are developed within Upper Bhuban (AP-10B, AP-36, AP-39, AP-38 and AP-40) and Middle Bhuban Formations (AP- 50, AP-51, AP-53, AP-54, AP-55, AP-58 and AP-60). However as per study conducted by IRS pay sand AP-55 has been divided in to two parts. Eastern extension of this sand is denoted by AP-55B and western extension as AP-55A. The field holds the largest volume of gas reserves among the present five producing fields (viz. Agartala Dome, Baramura, Konaban, Kunjaban and Manikyanagar).
Kunjaban Field Kunjaban structure is located to the north of Agartala Dome field in West Tripura district. It is a concealed structure that has been identified/ mapped based on satellite and photogeological studies by Remote Sensing Division of KDMIPE, Dehradun. Commercial discovery of gas occurrence in Kunjaban Field was made during FY2007-08 through drilling of the exploratory well KU# 2 (KUAC). So far four exploratory wells viz. KU# 1 (KUAA), KU# 2 (KUAC), KU# 3 (KUAD) and KU# 4(KUAE) are drilled in Kunjaban structure/field out of which two wells KU# 2 and KU# 3 are completed as gas wells. There are two pay sands in the field designated as KUP-35 and KUP-56, belonging to Upper Bhuban formation with depth of occurrence ranging from -2657 m (KUP-35 in well KU#2) to -3060 m (KUP-56 in well KU# 3). Drilling/ testing of wells KU# 2 and KU# 3 during 2007-08 have opened up new areas for further exploration and delineation in Kunjaban structure/ field.
Sonamura Field Sonamura field mapped within a four way closure is located to the south of Manikyanagar field in Rokhia structure. The closure is mapped at all the three stratigraphic levels viz. near top of Middle Bhuban, within Middle Bhuban and base of Middle Bhuban. Commercial discovery of gas occurrence in Sonamura field was made during 2003-04 through drilling of exploratory well RO#41 (SNA). The field has 3 gas bearing pay sands with depth of occurrence ranging from -1742 m (SP-29) to -2011 m (SP-38). All the pay sands have been tested through well RO#41 and the well is presently completed in SP-29.
Sundulbari Field Sundulbari structure has been mapped as a separate structure in the northern plunge of Tichna anticline. Sundulbari structure is characterized by presence of prominent seismic anomaly, likely to that of sediment fill in the sub-aerial unconformity and multi-layered sands. Commercial discovery of gas occurrence in Sundulbari structure/ field was made during FY2007-08 through drilling of the exploratory well SD# 2 (SDAA). Presence of commercial gas has been proved in two pay sands designated as SDP-35 and SDP- 36, belonging to Upper Bhuban Formation with depth of occurrence ranging from -2724 m (SDP-35) to - 2753 m (SDP-36).
Conversion of Exploratory Wells for Development In the old exploration project covered under different environment clearance, drilling operations were completed, and in some of the wells sufficient indications of hydrocarbons were noticed while drilling, the wells were tested by perforation in the production casing.
Construction of Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari Pipe manifold is a system of headers and branched piping that is used to gather gas from different wells and supply it to the processing facility. Well Manifold is used to gather produced gas and direct selected wells to a test header line, as well as to the production header lines. Typically manifolds include valves for controlling the on/off flow of fluids, and may also include other flow control devices (e.g. chokes) if these are not mounted on the individual wells. The following gas handling manifolds have been planned in such a way to meet the gas requirement of different consumers: Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 14 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Since Kunjaban wells have high pressure, a manifold with Feeder and Test/MP lines instead of GGS are proposed at Kunjaban and fluid will flow to ADB GGS. Similarly, Sundalbari wells having sufficiently high pressure and proximity to Sonamura, a manifold with Feeder and Test/MP lines are proposed at Sundalbari and fluid will flow to Sonamura GGS.
Kunjaban Manifold Designed for connecting 10 well flow lines to the manifold header. Cost of the Project is estimated as 37.24 Crore. Cost includes associated pipelines and Kunjaban Well Manifold to ADB GCS.
Kunjaban Production manifold Kunjaban Test Manifold Diameter – 8 inch Diameter – 6 inch Operating Pressure : 60.85 – 60.92 kg/cm2g Operating Pressure : 41.63 – 56.14 kg/cm2g Operating Temperature: 20-35 °C Operating Temperature: 20-35 °C Pig Launcher Pig Launcher Major Barrel: 12 inch Major Barrel: 10 inch Minor Barrel: 8 inch Minor Barrel: 6 inch
Sundalbari Manifold Designed for connecting 12 well flow lines to the manifold header. Cost of the Project is estimated as 26.52 Crore. Cost includes associated pipelines and Sundalbari Well Manifold to Sonamura GCS.
Flow-lines and Gas Grid Network Flow-lines The cost of laying 4 inch diameter flow lines is around Rs. 1200/- per meter including material and labour.
Gas Grid Network Based on the production profiles furnished by study has done simulation study of the integrated pipeline grid considering the following assumptions: Steady state simulation model using compositional analysis. Delivery pressure at Monarchak (NEEPCO): ± 20 Kg/cm2 Manifold and Feeder, Test/MP lines for Sundalbari and Kunjaban areas. Grid pipe lines are pigable. Cost of the Gas Grid Network Project is Rs. 250 Crores
The proposed gas feeder pipeline network comprising of following sectors:
Estimated Nominal Size Sector Description Length (inches) (kms) ADB GGS to Palatana Terminal main pipeline. (04 nos. Sector –I SVSs at approx. chainages 11.26 kms (Nimbutali JP), 20 53 26.87 kms & 39.36 kms. Konaban GGS to Nimbutali (Limbutali) Junction Point Sector –II 16 12 on ADB -Palatana main pipeline Sonamura GGS to Palatana Terminal via Bagabasa Sector –III 16 22 junction Sector –IV Baramura GGS to ADB GGS 20 35 Sector –V Kunjaban Well Manifold to ADB GGS 8 19.5 Sector –VI Kunjaban Well Manifold to ADB GGS 6 19.5 Sector –VII Sundalbari Well Manifold to Sonamura GGS 8 12 Sector –VIII Sundalbari Well Manifold to Sonamura GGS 6 12
Sectionalizing Valve Stations (SVS) Sectionalizing Valves Stations (SVS) shall be constructed in accordance with ASME B 31.8 (Latest Edition) at the following locations:
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 15 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Location Sector Description SVS Nos. (Approx. chainage) 11.26 kms (Nimbutali Junction Point) 26.87 kms i. ADB GGS to Palatana Terminal. 04 39.36 kms 49.5 kms (Upstream of Gomti river) * ii. Konaban GGS to Nimbutali JP Nil Sonamura Gas GGS to 11.58 kms (near Bagabasa) iii. 02 Palatana Terminal via Bagabasa 18.2 Km(Upstream of Gomti river)* To be decided during Pre- Engineering iv Baramura GGS to ADB GGS 02 survey
Terminal stations (scrapper launcher / receiver) Facilities to carry out pigging shall be installed for each pipeline sector at the following Locations with launching and receiving facilities as specified here under: Pipeline Pipeline sector Scrapper Receiver Remarks sector Sector –i: ADB GGS to palatana Terminal main Suitable for intelligent ADB GCS Palatana Terminal pipeline Pigging Nimbutali Junction Suitable for intelligent Sector –ii: Konaban GGS to Nimbutali junction point. Konaban GCS Point Pigging Sector –iii: Sonamura GGS Sonamura Suitable for intelligent Palatana Terminal to Palatana terminal via bagabasa. GCS Pigging Baramura Suitable for intelligent Sector –iv : Baramura GGS to ADB GGS ADB GCS GCS Pigging Sector- v : 8″ Suitable normal scrapper Kunjaban ADB GCS pipeline from Kunjaban well manifold to ADB GGS / maintenance pigging Sector- vi : 6″ Suitable normal scrapper Kunjaban ADB GCS pipeline from Kunjaban well manifold to ADB GGS / maintenance pigging Sector- vii : 8″ pipeline from Sunderbari well anifold to Suitable normal scrapper Sundelbari Sonamura GCS Sonamura GGS / maintenance pigging Sector- viii : 6″ pipeline from Sunderbari well manifold to Suitable normal scrapper Sundelbari Sonamura GCS Sonamura GGS / maintenance pigging
2.7.4 Well Decommissioning
Well Abandonment On completion of activities, the development wells will be either plugged and connected with flow lines or suspended. In the event of a decision to suspend the well, it will be filled with a brine solution containing very small quantities of inhibitors to protect the well. The well will be sealed with cement plugs and few wellhead equipment (Blind Flange) left on the surface (Cellar). After the development activities, the well will be sealed with a series of cement plugs, all the wellhead equipment will be removed leaving the surface clear of any debris and site will be restored.
Site Restoration All abandoned drill sites will be restored back to its near original condition. After decommissioning of site, it will be de-compacted and the embanked top soil will be overlain on the de-compacted site with certain moisture conservation measures and seeding of leguminous plant for restoration of soil nutrient level naturally. On striking hydrocarbon, the well head will be connected to flowlines that will connect the well with the nearest GCS. An area of 50X150m around the well head will be cordoned with iron cage barricades. The remaining land will be restored and either returned to the owners from whom the lease was obtained or retained as per the futuristic requirement of ONGC.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 16 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 2.8 PROJECT COMPONENTS (GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF DRILLING) Various resources like capital investment, land, utility, power, water, manpower etc. will be utilized for the proposed expansion. Each of the resources is briefly described in the following sections:
2.8.1 Capital Investment The total approximate cost of construction of Well Manifold and laying of flow lines and gas grid network is Rs. 313.76 Crores.
2.8.2 Land (Contract Area) PML Name Area (Km2) Validity of PML/ Remarks Agartala Dome (AD-4) 32.580 PML valid till December 2027 Agartala Dome 15.75 PML valid till April 2029 Agartala Dome Extension II 160.86 PML valid till January 2026 Manikyanagar Sonamura Ext I 168.55 PML valid till January 2026 Konaban 33.0046 PML valid till June 2034 Kunjaban 288 PML valid till July 2028 Sundalbari Agartala Dome 301 PML valid till December 2026 Tichna 195.410 PML valid till February 2026 Total 1195.1546
1.7 ha of land area has been acquired for each wells i.e. total land acquired for 37 wells will be 62.9 ha.
2.8.3 Water No additional domestic water will be required during the production as during Production manpower will be managed from the existing manpower in the connected installations. However proposed project does not involve drilling activity so there will not be need of fresh water for the conversion of wells into development wells. Hence no additional load on water sources of Tripura State. Water will be sourced from open market through water tanker if required.
2.8.4 Power Requirement The power requirement for production shall be sourced by state electricity board (62 kVA) and stand by from 62 kVA DG sets during emergency and 5-6 KLD of HSD shall be required for DG set.
2.8.5 Manpower There will be no permanent workers camp required for development of wells. During Production manpower will be managed from the existing manpower in the connected installations. 30 Nos. of manpower will be required for a very short duration for laying flow lines.
2.9 DESCRIPTION OF THE ASPECTS AND IMPACTS
2.9.1 Air Emission The emissions to the atmosphere from the production shall be from the DG Sets in case of emergency and from flaring. These emissions will consist of mainly NOX, SO2, CO2 and particulate matter. Low sulphur diesel (S<0.5%) will be used in diesel powered equipment and best management practices would be adhered. Stack height about 6 m from ground level will be provided for D.G. Set and 30 m for Flaring stack.
Earlier drilling explorations show the absence of H2S in these Blocks. However, ONGC will has an H2S contingency plan in place that will come into action on detection of H2S (through sensors to be installed on the rig) at any stage of drilling.
2.9.2 Noise Generation The source of noise generation would be the operation of D.G. sets. Besides, certain pumps are expected to be in operation during production. Acoustic enclosure and padding will be adopted. The expected noise generation at source will be 101 dBA (Source: "Control of Noise Pollution from Diesel Generator sets", Programme Objective Series; PROBES/71/1998-99, Central Pollution Control Board). Well maintained and lubricated machineries will be used.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 2 17 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 2.9.3 Waste water No additional domestic waste water will be generated as no additional manpower requirement. Produced water shall be generated. Quantity of produced water generated will differ from 0 – 25 KLD per well. Produced water will differ from well to well. Condensate production in Tripura Asset is drop out condensate during Gas processing at surface. Effluent water produces during gas processing as drop out which separates from condensate. Tripura Gas reservoir is single phase gas only. Currently, Asset has 02 Nos Mobile ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant) of capacity 100 m3/d each at ADB GCS for treatment of effluent generated in GCS/EPS. Additionally, permanent ETP of 100 m3/d capacity is under construction at ADB GCS. Another 100 M3/Day capacity processing plant is under commissioning at Konaban GCS. Further ETP plants are planned at Sonamura & other GCS as per future profile of effluent production. All GCS collect effluent in their effluent storage pits and are despatched to ADB GCS via 9/12KL capacity tankers for further processing and disposal.
2.9.4 Solid Hazardous waste Only domestic waste will be generated around 0.3 Ton for the short period of time which will be sent for land filling. Waste oil and lead acid batteries shall be generated which will be disposed as per as per Hazardous Waste Rule 2016 and its amendment.
2.9.5 Testing Testing facilities will be available at drilling rig for separation of liquid phase and burning of all hydrocarbons during testing. The test fire flare boom will be located at a distance from the drilling rig.
2.9.6 Environment and Safety Adequate safety measures such as fire-fighting equipment shall be provided at the site in accordance with the norms of OISD 189.
2.10 SUMMARY Proposed conversion of 37 old exploration wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. The total approximate cost of 37 conversion of wells cost of construction of Well Manifold and laying of flow lines and gas grid network is Rs. 313.76 Crores. No additional load on water sources of Tripura State during production. The power requirement for production shall be sourced by state electricity board and stand by from 62 kVA DG sets. There will be no permanent workers camp required for development of wells. During Production manpower will be managed from the existing manpower in the connected installations. Emission from D.G. Sets shall be there during production. Adequate safety measures such as fire-fighting equipment shall be provided at the site in accordance with the norms of OISD 189.
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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 GENERAL The baseline environmental quality is assessed through field studies within the probable impact zone for various components of the environment viz. Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology & Bio diversity and Socio-economy. The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study region within 10 km radius. An exhaustive attempt has been made in the current chapter to disclose all possible baseline status of environmental quality in the study area, which further serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. Villages covered within study region are shown in the below figure.
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Figure 3.1 Study Area Map
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3.2 Baseline Study Area and Period The baseline environmental study has been conducted for the study area within 10 km radius of the project site for the period 1st Oct 2018 to 31st Dec 2018. An exhaustive attempt has been made in the current chapter to disclose all possible base line status of environmental quality in the vicinity of the project, which further serves as the basis for identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts. Study area map covering all the villages are shown in the Figure 3.1. 3.3 METHODOLOGY The baseline environmental study was carried out for the various environmental components viz, Air, Water, Soil, Ecology and Biodiversity, Socio Economy and Noise. A desktop study was carried out to select the sampling locations and site visit was done by our field area experts. After the site visit, locations were finalized. During the submission of field area expert report and discussion looking to the extent of impact, 5 km radius was considered as core zone and rest 5 km radius was considered as buffer zone. All the locations have been selected within 10 km radius from the project site as per the requirement of TOR and environmental samples were collected from the selected locations of the study area. Before starting the survey activity for ecology and bio diversity, secondary data were used as reference during the desktop survey for listing the species of study zone and planning the survey. In case of socio economy, secondary data have also been used for deciding the parameters to be surveyed during socio economic data collection. As a secondary source of data, for Ecology and Biodiversity survey various publications by the government of India and literature available on internet site were used. Some photograph showing the monitoring and survey activities are presented in Figure 3.2.
3.3.1 Frequency of Sampling Details of frequency of environmental sampling considered for the study are illustrated in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 Frequency of Environmental Monitoring Sampling Attributes Locations Parameters Frequency A. Air Environment
Micro-meteorological Nr. Project Site Temperature, Relative Hourly data for the Data Humidity, Precipitation period 1st Oct 2018 to Wind direction, Wind 31st Dec 2018. Speed. Ambient Air Quality 10 numbers of locations in PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and 24 hour basis, twice a the study area of 10 km NOx, CO, VOC, Methane week during study radius. & Non methane HC period. B. Noise 64 numbers of locations in Noise Levels in dB (A). Once in Study Period. the study area of 10 km radius. C. Water Ground Water Samples from 8 numbers Physical, Chemical, Once in Study Period. of locations within 10 km Microbiological and radius from the project Heavy Metal. site. Surface Water Samples from 6 numbers Physical, Chemical, Once in Study Period. of locations within 10 km Microbiological and radius from the project Heavy Metal. site.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 21 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
D. Soil Quality Samples from 8 numbers Physical, Chemical Once in Study Period. of locations within 10 km Characteristics, Soil radius from the project Texture. site.
3.3.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis The methods adopted for environmental sampling and analysis are illustrated in following Table 3.2
Table 3.2 Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis Methods Attributes Sampling/Preservation Analysis/data analysis A. Air Environment
Micro-meteorological Data collected on hourly basis using NA Data wind monitor as per CPCB Guideline.
Ambient air quality As per IS: 5182, CPCB & AWMA. As per IS:5182,CPCB & AWMA
Survey carried out as per CPCB B. Noise Instrument : Sound level meter guideline. C. Water
Standard Methods for Examination of IS 3025 & Standard Methods for Ground Water Water and Wastewater, 23rdedition, Examination of Water and
APHA 2017. Wastewater, 23rdedition, APHA 2017.
Standard Methods for Examination of IS 3025 & Standard Methods for Surface Water Water and Wastewater, 23rdedition, Examination of Water and APHA 2017. Wastewater, 23rdedition, APHA 2017.
IS 2720, Laboratory developed IS 2720, Soil Testing in India Method as per NABL requirement and D. Soil Quality (Department of Agriculture & Book - Soil Testing in India Cooperation). (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation).
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Ambient air - SMD-1 Noise – SMD -1
Soil –KND-7 Ground water - ADDQ
Ground water - GOAK-15 Soil – SMD-1
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EB Survey EB Survey
SE Survey SE Survey
Haora River Figure 3.2 Photograph showing the sampling activity 3.4 MICROMETEOROLOGY The study of micro meteorological data helps to understand the variations in the ambient air quality status in that region. The prevailing micrometeorological condition at project site plays a crucial role in transport
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 24 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) and dispersion of air pollutants. The persistence of the predominant wind direction and wind speed at the project site decide the direction and extent of the air pollution impact zone. The principal variables which affect the micrometeorology are horizontal transport and dispersion, convective transport and vertical mixing and topography of the area towards local influences. The city has a tropical climate. The summers have good deal of rainfall, while winters have very little. Average temperature of the city Tripura is 25.5 ᵒC and average rain fall is 2146 mm. The least amount of rainfall occurs in December. Average rainfall in the month of December is 3 mm. Most of the precipitation fall in the month of June, averaging 462 mm The highest temperature average is in the month of September which is around 28.5 ᵒC. January is the coldest month with temperature averaging 18.7 ᵒC (Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/india/tripura/agartala- 24533/#climate-table). Micrometeorological data were collected by using the Envirotech make wind monitor WM251 as per CPCB guideline which was installed at Bishalgarh near project site (existing ROBB well). All the micrometeorological data were collected on hourly basis. For collection of Rainfall data, rain gauge was installed. Maximum rain fall was maximum 6 mm in the month of November which was almost negligible. Meteorological conditions of the study area are presented in Table 3.3.
Table 3.3 Meteorological Condition of Study Area Temperature (oC) Relative Humidity (%) Wind Speed (km/hr) Month Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Oct'18 19.3 35.0 52 96 0.1 6.3 Nov'18 12.5 32.2 46 98 0.2 6.0 Dec'18 8.5 28.8 51 98 0.1 6.7 Source: Primary (Data collection with the help of weather station)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 25 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 3.4.1 Temperature During the study period minimum temperature was recorded 8.5oC on 29th Dec 2018 and maximum temperature was recorded as 35.0oC on 02h Oct 2018. Temperature data were collected on hourly basis during the study period. Variation of temperature is graphically presented in Figure 3.3.
40.0
35.0
C)
o 30.0
25.0
20.0 Temperature ( Temperature 15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Max. 34 35 32 34 33 33 34 33 31 26 25 26 26 30 32 31 30 31 30 31 32 31 31 30 30 31 33 24 26 27 30 31 32 31 30 30 28 28 29 29 28 29 28 28 29 29 31 30 29 28 27 27 27 27 27 28 29 31 29 29 28 27 26 27 26 26 27 25 26 27 28 27 28 28 27 26 25 22 18 20 22 23 25 25 26 26 24 24 23 21 Min. 26 25 24 25 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 21 21 20 20 20 19 19 19 20 20 20 21 20 20 21 22 21 21 19 18 17 16 15 17 16 16 16 17 18 18 17 15 14 14 14 15 14 13 12 15 14 13 13 14 13 13 12 14 13 12 12 11 11 12 12 12 14 13 17 17 16 14 13 13 12 11 10 14 11 10 9. 8.
Figure 3.3 Graphical Presentation for the month wise Temperature Variation 3.4.2 Humidity Humidity affects the nature and characteristics of pollutants in the atmosphere as it is the measure of amount of moisture in the atmosphere. Humidity helps suspended particulate matter to coalesce and grow in size to settle under the gaseous pollutants by providing them aqueous medium. During the study period minimum Humidity was recorded 46% in the month of Nov 2018 and maximum Humidity was recorded as 98% in the month of Nov 2018 & Dec 2018.The variation in humidity is represented graphically in Figure 3.4.
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120
100
80
Humidity (%) Humidity 60
40
20
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Max. 94 90 92 91 94 93 92 91 95 94 96 95 96 92 94 96 93 93 95 96 94 95 96 96 94 92 95 96 96 93 95 95 96 95 96 94 98 96 94 94 93 92 96 96 96 95 95 92 93 93 95 95 94 93 95 96 95 91 91 91 93 93 93 92 93 94 95 95 95 92 95 91 95 96 95 93 95 98 98 97 95 93 95 97 90 95 95 95 94 93 Min. 66 56 64 66 66 72 68 60 66 84 88 82 86 72 71 60 52 64 68 66 62 66 66 56 66 63 66 80 82 82 62 64 56 72 78 75 85 64 64 61 62 64 64 66 66 70 66 70 62 58 62 61 72 62 60 62 58 46 52 54 57 60 62 53 62 58 73 65 62 64 53 56 64 59 55 63 74 84 86 85 79 70 62 64 65 66 66 51 62 60
Figure 3.4 Graphical Presentation for the month wise Humidity Variation
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3.4.3 Wind Speed and Wind Direction Hourly wind speed data were collected for the period 1st Oct 2018 to 31st Dec 2018 with the help of wind monitor. The rate of dispersion, diffusion and transportation of pollutants in the atmosphere mainly depend on wind speed and its direction. Wind direction and velocity data have been collected during the study period. Dominant wind direction in the study period was from NNE –SSW during the study period. Wind speed was observed from 0.1 to 6.3 km/hr in the month of Dec 2018, from 0.2 to 6.0 km/hr in the month of Nov 2018 and from 0.1 to 6.7 km/hr in the Month of Dec 2018. Month-wise maximum and minimum wind speed data are tabulated in Table 3.3.
3.4.4 Wind Rose Wind rose diagram is a graphical representation of the magnitude and direction of wind speed considering all the directions. From the knowledge of wind rose one can easily predict the direction and extent of spreading of the gaseous and particulate matter from the source. Wind rose diagram has been prepared by using hourly wind velocity and dominant wind direction data and is presented in Figure 3.5
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Figure 3.5 Wind Rose Diagram 3.4.5 Interpretation of Micrometeorological Data Dominant direction of the study region is NNE-SSW during the study period; while the second dominant wind direction may be considered NE-SW. Wind speed of the study region is varying 0.1 to 6.7 km/h and calm condition is 32.6%.Looking to the wind direction and wind speed it is interpreted that SSW and SW direction will be impacted on mild scale. Looking to the wind speed extent it is concluded that very less area will be impacted.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 29 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
3.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT Air is the Earth‟s atmosphere having the gases in which living organisms live and breathe but air is being deteriorated day by day due to the anthropogenic and natural sources. In present scenario Industrialization, Energy production and the burning of fossil fuels has polluted the air environment. Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out for the assessment of the existing status of background air quality in the study area. This will be useful for assessing the conformity of the ambient air quality to the standards even after commencement of the proposed project.
3.5.1 Selection of Sampling Locations Following points were considered during the selection of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations. Topography/terrain of the study area, Regional synoptic scale climatologically norm‟s, Densely populated areas within the region, Location of surrounding Industries, Representation of regional background, Facility for Ambient Air Monitoring, Representation of valid cross – sectional distribution in downwind direction, Avoidance of proximity of roads, construction activity or any other perturbing activity which may be temporary in nature, which may lead to some erroneous conclusions. Availability of manpower, electricity, approach, sturdy structure and protection of samplers. Dominant Wind Direction. To establish the baseline status around the project site of the study region, monitoring was conducted for 10 numbers of locations during 1st Oct 2018 to 31st Dec 2018. Locations were selected in such a way so that ambient air quality of impacted region may be defined. Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations are presented in Figure 3.6 and Table 3.4.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 30 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 31 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Figure 3.6 Map showing the Study Region location of Ambient Air
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Table 3.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations in the Study Region Code Location Latitude and Longitude 24°14'33.88"N A1 KHBE 92°09'32.58"E 23°14'47.44"N A2 GOAF 91°31'04.48"E 23°54'20.32"N A3 KUNJD-2 91°24'48.93"E 23°53'29.43"N A4 KUAD 91°17'24.77"E 23°44'31.76"N A5 ADDO 91°21'50.35"E 23°45'18.64"N A6 ADAP 91°16'09.53"E 23°41'59.62"N A7 RODI_AGT 91°09'58.23"E 23°33'26.10"N A8 MNKD_11 91°13'58.90"E 23°28'58.62"N A9 SDDA_AGT 91°24'32.68"E 23°30'00.47"N A10 SNDA_SUB 91°16'32.38"E
3.5.2 Frequency and Parameters for Sampling Sampling team was appointed with one FAE and Technical Assistant to carry out Ambient Air Quality Monitoring for 8 numbers of locations within 10 km radius from the project site. Sampling and analysis was carried out as per CPCB, IS 5182 & EPA and instrument operation manual for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC, Methane & Non methane HC. After the completion of sampling, samples were brought to the laboratory in Ice box and filter box for analysis. Frequency of sampling was twice a week during study period.
3.5.3 Methodology for Sampling and Analysis Samples were collected by using the PM10 and PM2.5 micron dust samplers at suitable height from obstruction free area as per the availability of the facility. Sampling and Analysis was carried out as per CPCB Guideline, instrument operational manual and National Environmental Engineering Research Institute. Detail of reference method is presented in Table 3.5. Table 3.5 Details of Analysis Method Sampling Analytical Detection Sampling equipment Sensitivity Methodology Parameters Equipment Limit Respirable Dust IS 5182 (Part Electronic PM Sampler (RDS) APM - ±1 µg 10 μg/m3 13):2006/Reaffirme 10 balance 460 d 2012. CPCB Guideline, Fine particulate sampler Electronic SOP No. WI/5.4/02- PM ±1 µg 10 μg/m3 2.5 AAS- 127 balance B/03,Issue No.1 Date:01/01/2010 Gaseous Flow Meter IS: 5182 (Part 2) Spectro- SO with impinger module ±0.001 nm 3.1 μg/m3 2001/ Reaffirmed 2 photometer (attached to RDS) 2012 for 24 hrs.
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Sampling Analytical Detection Sampling equipment Sensitivity Methodology Parameters Equipment Limit Gaseous Flow Meter Spectro- IS: 5182 (Part 6) NO with impinger module ±0.001 nm 6 μg/m3 X photometer 2006 for 24 hrs. (attached to RDS) CO Co analyzer CO analyzer 0.1 ppm 0.1 ppm CO analyzer Methane & 60 µg/m3- 60 µg/m3- Gas Non Gas (MHC) (MHC) Bladder with pump Chromatography methane chromatograph 3 3 20 µg/m - 20 µg/m - method Hydrocarbon (NMHC) (NMHC) VOC VOC Monitor VOC Monitor 0.1 ppm 0.1 ppm VOC Monitor
3.5.4 Quality of Ambient Air Minimum, maximum, average and percentile value for the parameters PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, VOC, Methane & Non methane HC are tabulated in Table 3.6 to Table 3.9 to describe the quality of Ambient Air.
Table 3.6 Min, Max, 98th Percentile and Average Value of PM10 and PM2.5 3 3 PM10 (µg/m ) PM2.5 (µg/m ) Code Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98th 98th A1 40.8 63.7 65.2 52.9 18.9 30.4 31.4 24.2 A2 42.7 66.0 68.2 52.6 18.4 30.8 30.8 23.8 A3 41.7 64.2 65.7 51.6 20.9 32.4 32.8 27.1 A4 38.4 60.5 61.3 46.9 20.2 31.9 33.1 24.9 A5 42.1 71.2 74.3 57.4 20.7 35.0 35.9 26.8 A6 41.2 60.3 61.9 50.2 18.3 29.3 29.8 23.1 A7 42.0 61.3 66.2 48.6 18.9 29.3 29.7 23.3 A8 37.6 55.8 58.6 48.0 19.6 29.7 29.9 25.5 A9 41.1 63.3 65.1 51.4 20.3 32.8 32.8 26.8 A10 42.1 69.3 70.1 51.0 22.0 34.9 35.2 26.1 NAAQ Standard limit as per new notification of 100 60 MoEF & CC on 24 hrs. basis
Table 3.7 Min, Max, 98th Percentile and Average Value of SO2 and NOx 3 3 SO2 (µg/m ) NOX (µg/m ) Code Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98th 98th A1 4.6 7.5 7.6 6.3 12.6 17.5 17.9 14.3 A2 4.0 6.8 6.8 5.9 12.8 20.4 20.9 17.1 A3 4.8 7.1 7.1 6.0 12.0 17.1 17.2 14.9 A4 4.2 6.8 6.9 5.9 14.3 19.4 19.6 16.8 A5 4.8 8.5 8.6 6.7 12.6 18.4 18.7 16.6 A6 4.0 6.8 6.8 5.8 12.0 18.6 18.7 15.9 A7 3.8 6.6 6.7 5.3 12.4 18.3 18.8 15.6
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 34 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
A8 4.0 7.1 7.1 6.2 13.2 17.3 17.5 15.9 A9 4.1 7.0 7.0 6.2 10.9 17.9 17.9 15.0 A10 4.2 7.3 7.3 6.1 12.6 16.6 16.7 14.6 NAAQ Standard limit as per new notification of 80 80 MoEF & CC on 24 hrs. basis
Table 3.8 Min, Max, 98th Percentile and Average Value of CO and VOC CO (µg/m3) Total VOC (ppm) Code Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98th 98th A1 348 424 428 375 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 A2 302 475 484 385 0.2 0.39 0.4 0.27 A3 356 407 408 381 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.23 A4 288 394 396 343 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 A5 308 396 398 350 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.32 A6 396 404 405 386 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.22 A7 366 417 418 390 0.2 0.39 0.4 0.27 A8 368 421 422 395 0.2 0.39 0.4 0.28 A9 308 395 396 365 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.22 A10 356 420 421 396 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3
Table 3.9 Min, Max, 98th Percentile and Average Value of Methane & Non methane HC Methane HC (µg/m3) Non methane HC (µg/m3) Code Percentile Percentile Min. Max. Avg. Min. Max. Avg. 98th 98th A1 68 89 90 78 22 36 36 29 A2 66 95 96 78 20 34 34 28 A3 72 97 98 85 21 36 36 29 A4 65 90 90 77 20 33 33 27 A5 78 111 112 93 24 40 40 32 A6 65 92 93 78 21 36 36 29 A7 69 96 97 81 21 33 33 27 A8 64 90 90 79 20 34 34 27 A9 71 103 104 87 22 36 36 29 A10 72 107 108 87 25 38 38 31
3.5.5 Summary of Ambient Air Quality 3 PM2.5 was observed in the range of 18.3 – 35.9 µg/m . Maximum concentration of PM2.5 was found at ADDO well and minimum concentration at ADAP well during the study period. 3. PM10 was observed in the range of 37.6 – 74.3 µg/m Maximum concentration of PM10 was found at ADDO well and minimum concentration at MNKD_11 during the study period. 3 SO2 concentration was observed in the range of 3.8 -8.6 µg/m , which is well within the standard limit.
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3 NOx concentration in was observed in the range of 10.9- 20.9 µg/m , which is well within the standard limit. Monitoring and analysis was also carried out for CO, Total VOC, Methane HC and Non Methane HC. Result for the CO, Total VOC, Methane HC and Non Methane HC was found well within the norms.
3.5.6 Interpretation of Ambient Air Quality Data Based on comparison study of results with NAAQS for tested parameters, it is interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations can be considered very good as all the results of tested parameters are well within the limit. 3.6 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The objective of the baseline noise survey was to identify existing noise sources and to measure background noise levels at the sensitive receptors within the study area. Peoples‟ perception of noise varies depending on number of factors including their natural sensitivity and hearing ability, past experience of sound, cultural factors and the time of day at which sound is experienced. Continuous sound is perceived quite differently from intermittent sound at the same level. High or continuous noise levels may cause permanent loss of hearing ranging from reduced perception at certain frequencies to total deafness. At comparatively lower levels noise may have psychological effects including disturbance of sleep, annoyance and irritation.
3.6.1 Sources of Noise Pollution The sources of noise pollution in the study area are industrial noise, noise due to commercial activities, noise generated by Community, Vehicular traffic etc.
3.6.2 Noise Level in the Study Area Noise level monitoring was carried out with the help of sound level meter at 64 different locations. Noise sampling locations are presented in Figure 3.8 and Table 3.10. Analysis results are presented in Table 3.11 and Table 3.12.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 36 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 37 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Figure 3.8 Map showing the study region location of Noise
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 38 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Table 3.10 Noise Monitoring Locations in the Study Region Code Location Latitude and Longitude 23°55'40.04"N N1 KUNJD-1 91°17'28.35"E 23°54'20.09"N N2 KUNJD-2 91°24'48.92"E 23°56'29.89"N N3 KUNJD-3 91°19'02.49"E 23°52'48.56"N N4 KUNJD-4 91°19'02.50"E 23°42'39.39"N N5 KND-1 91°10'13.15"E 23°41'50.24"N N6 KND-2 91°10'19.19"E 23°41'43.45"N N7 KND-3 91°10'58.94"E 23°42'13.35"N N8 KND-4 91°11'06.23"E 23°42'38.45"N N9 KND-5 91°10'44.96"E 23°41'38.49"N N10 KND-6 91°10'11.03"E 23°41'54.45"N N11 KND-7 91°10'02.14"E 23°42'43.49"N N12 KND-8 91°10'31.01"E 23°42'43.53"N N13 KND-10 91°10'31.19"E 23°43'59.33"N N14 KND-11 91°10'07.14"E 23°44'19.27"N N15 KND-14 91°09'48.23"E 23°38'15.24"N N16 MNKD-4 91°11'34.58"E 23°38'22.01"N N17 MNKD-5 91°10'54.75"E 23°32'02.66"N N18 MNKD-6 91°15'13.40"E 23°33'01.35"N N19 MNKD-7 91°15'33.26"E 23°33'05.41"N N20 MNKD-8 91°15'07.25"E 23°32'45.43"N N21 MNKD-9 91°14'43.96"E 23°34'04.90"N N22 MNKD-10 91°14'49.76"E 23°33'53.41"N N23 MNKD-11 91°14'25.62"E 23°32'24.99"N N24 MNKD-12 91°15'29.48"E
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 39 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Code Location Latitude and Longitude 23°30'18.63"N N25 SMD-1 91°16'16.36"E 23°30'23.49"N N26 SMD-2 91°16'46.28"E 23°29'47.49"N N27 SMD-3 91°16'56.36"E 23°43'17.40"N N28 ADDE 91°20'28.03"E 23°45'30.63"N N29 ADAK 91°17'31.46"E 23°44'31.92"N N30 ADDI 91°20'19.41"E 23°45'01.78"N N31 ADDD 91°21'37.84"E 23°44'04.96"N N32 ADAO 91°19'14.29"E 23°44'35.24"N N33 ADDO 91°21'50.26"E 23°43'43.91"N N34 ADDP_AGT 91°21'01.34"E 23°44'11.35"N N35 ADDM 91°20'37.18"E 23°50'54.22"N N36 KUAC 91°18'20.35"E 23°53'33.29"N N37 KUAD 91°17'19.93"E 23°30'40.90"N N38 ROAX 91°16'03.03"E 23°42'14.80"N N39 RO-9 (SUB) 91°10'44.40"E 23°44'05.24"N N40 RODG 91°09'46.60"E 23°43'25.10"N N41 RODH 91°10'03.83"E 23°43'03.06"N N42 RODL 91°10'23.64"E 23°41'37.57"N N43 RODJ 91°10'23.61"E 23°42'41.08"N N44 RODM_AGT 91°10'34.71"E 23°42'02.39"N N45 RODI_AGT 91°09'58.20"E 23°31'31.37"N N46 SDDB_AGT 91°22'21.72"E 23°44'45.62"N N47 ADDQ 91°19'42.62"E 23°44'12.78"N N48 ADDK 91°20'26.83"E 23°45'15.81"N N49 ADAP 91°16'10.03"E
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 40 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Code Location Latitude and Longitude 23°44'23.05"N N50 ROAW 91°10'02.45"E 23°44'23.05"N N51 ROBD 91°10'02.45"E 23°42'04.24"N N52 RODO 91°10'40.85"E 23°42'37.39"N N53 ROBF 91°09'36.64"E 23°42'11.56"N N54 RODP 91°10'20.69"E 23°42'28.62"N N55 ROBB 91°15'27.92"E 23°28'32.28"N N56 ROBC 91°17'05.04"E 23°31'33.20"N N57 SDAA 91°22'24.23"E 23°29'01.41"N N58 SDAC 91°24'33.66"E 23°29'02.20"N N59 SDDA_agt 91°24'33.31"E 23°29'58.01"N N60 SNDA_Sub 91°16'34.86"E 24°14'26.51"N N61 KHBJ 92°08'39.58"E 24°14'28.03"N N62 KHBE 92°09'28.86"E 23°15'36.98"N N63 GOAK 91°30'42.38"E 23°14'47.07"N N64 GOAF 91°31'04.96"E
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 41 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Table 3.11 Noise Monitoring report during day time
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min d max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N1 43.1 46.6 49.8 Residential 55
N2 41.6 44.8 48.4 Residential 55
N3 44.7 48.1 51.6 Residential 55
N4 46.5 50.2 53.8 Residential 55
N5 42.6 45.5 49.4 Residential 55 N6 46.8 49.4 53.1 Residential 55 N7 44.1 47.2 50.8 Residential 55 N8 42.6 45.5 49.0 Residential 55 N9 41.8 44.8 48.1 Residential 55 N10 41.6 44.2 47.5 Residential 55 N11 44.6 48.5 52.1 Residential 55 N12 46.8 50.4 53.6 Residential 55 N13 42.4 45.8 49.2 Residential 55 N14 45.1 48.7 52.4 Residential 55 N15 40.6 44.2 48.1 Residential 55 N16 42.2 45.8 49.2 Residential 55 N17 44.7 48.1 51.6 Residential 55 N18 43.4 46.8 50.1 Residential 55 N19 44.7 48.2 52.3 Residential 55 N20 41.8 45.6 49.1 Residential 55 N21 44.5 48.1 51.6 Residential 55 N22 42.2 44.7 47.1 Residential 55
N23 41.6 45.2 48.8 Residential 55 N24 42.8 46.1 49.5 Residential 55 N25 47.5 51.2 54.4 Residential 55 N26 46.0 49.2 52.8 Residential 55
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 42 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min d max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N27 41.4 44.6 47.8 Residential 55 N28 44.1 47.2 50.4 Residential 55 N29 40.8 43.6 47.1 Residential 55 N30 42.8 45.4 48.8 Residential 55 N31 42.3 45.2 48.4 Residential 55 N32 44.6 48.3 52.1 Residential 55 N33 42.8 46.1 49.4 Residential 55 N34 47.1 50.2 53.5 Residential 55 N35 39.1 42.6 45.7 Residential 55 N36 40.8 44.4 47.6 Residential 55 N37 44.2 47.8 51.5 Residential 55 N38 42.6 46.1 50.3 Residential 55 N39 42.1 44.6 47.1 Residential 55 N40 40.7 44.5 48.2 Residential 55 N41 43.1 46.7 50.2 Residential 55 N42 41.2 44.3 47.5 Residential 55 N43 46.3 49.5 53.6 Residential 55 N44 44.1 47.4 50.8 Residential 55 N45 41.7 44.2 47.5 Residential 55 N46 42.8 46.6 50.1 Residential 55 N47 45.8 49.4 53.2 Residential 55 N48 41.6 44.8 48.6 Residential 55 N49 42.1 44.6 48.1 Residential 55 N50 43.1 45.7 48.6 Residential 55 N51 42.8 45.6 49.4 Residential 55 N52 46.2 49.1 52.8 Residential 55 N53 43.8 47.5 50.6 Residential 55
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 43 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min d max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N54 42.8 46.6 49.1 Residential 55 N55 40.2 43.7 47.8 Residential 55 N56 42.1 45.8 49.4 Residential 55 N57 40.6 44.1 47.5 Residential 55 N58 45.8 49.2 53.1 Residential 55 N59 42.7 46.6 50.4 Residential 55 N60 40.5 44.1 47.8 Residential 55 N61 42.4 45.3 48.5 Residential 55 N62 42.8 46.1 49.7 Residential 55 N63 44.2 48.4 52.3 Residential 55 N64 45.1 47.6 50.4 Residential 55
Table 3.12 Noise Monitoring report during night time
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min n max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N1 38.3 41.6 43.8 Residential 45
N2 38.0 41.1 43.4 Residential 45
N3 37.7 41.4 43.2 Residential 45
N4 38.5 41.8 44.0 Residential 45
N5 38.3 41.3 43.7 Residential 45
N6 38.1 41.5 43.8 Residential 45
N7 38.4 41.7 43.9 Residential 45
N8 37.9 41.9 44.0 Residential 45
N9 38.1 41.6 43.7 Residential 45
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 44 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min n max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N10 38.4 41.8 43.9 Residential 45
N11 37.9 41.4 43.6 Residential 45
N12 38.1 41.3 43.8 Residential 45
N13 38.4 41.6 43.9 Residential 45
N14 37.8 40.8 43.6 Residential 45
N15 38.2 41.3 43.7 Residential 45
N16 37.4 40.8 43.3 Residential 45
N17 38.0 41.1 43.7 Residential 45
N18 38.2 41.4 44.0 Residential 45
N19 38.4 41.5 43.9 Residential 45
N20 38.1 41.2 43.6 Residential 45
N21 38.5 40.8 43.3 Residential 45
N22 38.3 41.1 43.7 Residential 45
N23 37.9 41.3 43.6 Residential 45
N24 38.1 41.5 43.8 Residential 45
N25 38.5 41.8 44.0 Residential 45
N26 37.8 41.4 43.7 Residential 45
N27 38.0 41.6 43.8 Residential 45
N28 38.2 41.5 43.6 Residential 45
N29 38.4 41.3 43.5 Residential 45
N30 38.1 41.1 43.8 Residential 45
N31 37.9 40.8 43.7 Residential 45
N32 38.2 41.4 43.8 Residential 45
N33 38.5 41.7 44.0 Residential 45
N34 38.1 41.2 43.8 Residential 45
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 45 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min n max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N35 38.4 41.1 43.6 Residential 45
N36 38.0 40.8 43.2 Residential 45
N37 38.2 41.1 43.5 Residential 45
N38 38.6 41.5 43.8 Residential 45
N39 38.4 41.4 43.6 Residential 45
N40 37.8 40.8 43.1 Residential 45
N41 38.0 41.1 43.3 Residential 45
N42 38.2 41.4 43.7 Residential 45
N43 38.5 41.7 44.0 Residential 45
N44 38.1 41.4 43.6 Residential 45
N45 38.4 41.6 43.8 Residential 45
N46 37.9 41.2 43.5 Residential 45
N47 38.1 41.4 43.7 Residential 45
N48 38.4 41.6 43.9 Residential 45
N49 38.2 41.3 43.6 Residential 45
N50 37.8 41.1 43.4 Residential 45
N51 38.1 41.3 43.8 Residential 45
N52 37.9 41.5 43.7 Residential 45
N53 38.2 41.7 43.9 Residential 45
N54 38.5 41.9 44.0 Residential 45
N55 38.1 41.4 43.7 Residential 45
N56 37.9 41.2 43.6 Residential 45
N57 38.0 41.1 43.4 Residential 45
N58 38.4 41.3 43.8 Residential 45
N59 38.2 40.8 43.5 Residential 45
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 46 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Limit dB(A) as per Noise Pollution L L L Code min n max Zone (Regulation and dB dB(A) dB Control) Rules, 2000
N60 38.5 41.5 43.7 Residential 45
N61 38.2 41.1 43.4 Residential 45
N62 38.6 41.4 43.8 Residential 45
N63 38.0 41.2 43.9 Residential 45
N64 37.8 41.1 43.6 Residential 45 Note: Day time –6.00 AM to 10.00 PM, Night time – 10.00 PM to 6.00 AM
Noise standards have been designated for different types of land use i.e. residential, commercial, industrial areas and silence zones, as per „The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, 2000. Different standards have been stipulated for day (6 AM to 10 PM) and night (10 PM to 6 AM). The noise level study shows that the noise levels are meeting the acceptable norms.
3.6.3 Summary of Noise Data Equivalent noise level was recorded in the range of44.2 to 51.2 dB (A) during day time. Equivalent noise level was recorded in the range of 40.8 to 41.8 dB (A) during night time.
3.6.4 Interpretation of Noise Data Based on noise level data obtained during the survey, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC and noise environment can be considered good. 3.7 LAND ENVIRONMENT
3.7.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study area Studies on land use aspects of eco system play an important role to identify sensitive issues and to take appropriate action for maintaining ecological homeostasis in the region. The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the area, so that temporal changes due to the proposed project on the surroundings can be assessed in future. Data Used: United States Geological Survey (USGS) Satellite Data: Land sat 8 cloud free data has been used for Land use /Land cover analysis, Satellite Sensor–OLITIRS multi-spectral digital data has been used for the preparation of land use/ land cover map of present study. Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for the preparation of base map and geometric correction of satellite data. Ground truthing has been carried out to validate the interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data, by enabling verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing with the information, which cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery.
Methodology: The methodology used for the study consists of following components. Methodology Adopted for Thematic Data Extraction from the Satellite Imageries ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0 software were used for the project. ERDAS 10.0 image processing software was used for digital processing of the spatial data. Digital image processing techniques were applied for the mapping of the land use land cover classes of the provided area
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 47 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
from the satellite data. Methodology used for land use classification and mapping is presented in figure 3.9. Land use map is presented in figure 3.10. Land Use Statistic (10 km) is presented in figure 3.11 and Table 3.13.
Figure 3.9 Methodology Used for Land use Classification
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Figure 3.10 Land Use Map
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Table 3.13 Land use Statistics (10 km) (Source: Land use mapping and primary survey of the area) Percentage Area Land Use Land Cover (%) (Sq.km) Area (Sq.km) Percentage (%) 0.56 16.33 Water body Water body 16.33 0.56 Open Scrub 268.14 9.13 Shrubs 484.87 16.51 60.72 1783.82 Range Land Scrub Land 349.74 11.91 Wood Land 681.08 23.19
Aquaculture 155.55 5.30 Fallow Land 317.85 10.82 38.72 1137.43 Agriculture Land Crop Land 288.22 9.81 Hill Farming 100.23 3.41 Orchard 275.57 9.38 100 2937.58 Total 2937.58 100
Land Use Statistic (10 km)
0.56% Water body 3.41% 9.38% 9.13% Open scrub 9.81% 16.51% Shurbs Scrub Land 10.82% Wood Land 11.91% 5.30% Aquaculture Fallow Land 23.19% Crop Land Hill Farming Orchard
Figure 3.11 Land use Statistics (10 Km)
3.7.2 Summary and Interpretation of Land Use Map The area surrounding the project site is largely a Range Land like Open Scrub, Shrubs, Scrub Land and Wood Land are covering around 9.13%, 16.51%, 11.91% and 23.19% respectively of the total study area.
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Agriculture Land like Aquaculture, Fallow Land, Crop Land, Hill Farming and Orchard are covering around 5.30%, 10.82%, 9.81%, 3.41% and 9.48% respectively of the total study area. Water body is covering around 0.56% of the total study area.
3.7.3 GEOLOGY The major geomorphic element observed in Tripura is north-south running parallel hill regions and intervening valleys. The hills are tightly folded anticlines with broad synclinal valleys. Geologically, the area is occupied by the folded sedimentary formations ranging in age from lower Tertiary to Recent14. In Tripura, the loamy soil type facilitates the percolation and infiltration of water from the surface into the ground water regime. Moreover, presence of sand stone facilitates the movement of water under the ground as well and acts as storage of water. It indicates that soil profile and nature of the bedrock helps runoff water to move into the ground water regime from recharge zone. 3.8 HYDROGEOLOGY In the state of Tripura, the ground water occurs in shallow aquifers under unconfined and semi – confined to confined conditions. Fine to medium grained sand stones form the principal aquifer. In major part of the state, ground water occurs under unconfined condition in shallow depth. Ground water occurs under confined condition within shallow depths in small isolated zones. Aquifer system of the area is divided into two types, viz, shallow aquifer within 50 m bgl and deep aquifer between 50 to 300 m bgl. As per CGWB Report, 2008, the wells are constructed within a depth range of 6 to 171 m bgl. Discharge of the wells varies from 0.01 to 2.00 lit/sec during pre-monsoon period and from 0.02 to 2.5 lit/sec during post-monsoon period. Three types of hydro-geological formations identified in the state of Tripura and they are as follows: Alluvial formation with thickness varies between 10-15 m and occurs along the bank of rivers and water can be extracted through dug well and ordinary hand pumps; Dupitila formation with thickness from 10-15m and nearly horizontal in disposition and it has low permeability and low storage capacity due to high clay content. It indicates that the water yielding capacity from this type of formation is very low; Sand stone of Tipam formation constituted the principle aquifer of this area and it consists of sub rounded fine to medium grained, friable sandstone with intercalated clay. Tipam formation is found in valleys of Tripura. The permeability of this formation is much higher than Dupitila and Surma sandstone. These formations divide the state into three main hydrogeological zones15. The first one is confined to central part of Agartala-Udaipur, Khowai-Amarpur, Ambasa, Kailasker, Kumarghat and Dharam Nagar syncline valley; where the yield prospects are good. Fine to medium grained sand stones form the principal aquifer. The second one is confined to unconfined aquifers of moderate regional extent with yield prospect of 50-100 m3/hr. This zone extends bordering the hill ranges i.e. the marginal part of Agartala-Udaipur, KhowaiAmarpur, Kamapur-Ambasa, Kailaskar-Kumarbagh and Dharam Nagar valleys. The third zone, comprising moderately thick discontinuous aquifers with yield prospects less than 50m3/hr, is located in the intermountain and smaller valleys. These areas are mostly occupied by argillaceous formations belonging to Surma series Besides this, 16springs or seepage zones are also present in the state. Tribal people living in the hilly areas are using spring water for drinking and domestic purposes. In the foothill areas, people arrest the spring water by constructing seasonal / permanent bund and use that water for irrigation purpose and sometimes for drinking and domestic purposes also. Moreover, it has been also observed during field survey that villagers made „kaccha‟ wells having depth of 15-30 ft at the foot-hills of small hillocks. This water is being used in both domestic and agricultural purposes. It indicates that the recharge area of such ground water sources are located on the top of the adjacent anticline hillocks. Loamy soil with medium permeability facilitates the accumulation of water and moisture in the narrow valleys. Artesian zones also occur in the state of Tripura and local people are mainly using these wells for drinking and domestic purpose. Artesian belt has been delineated in West of Tripura and the yield of such wells are found to be in the order of 1 to 3 cubic meter /hr. High auto flow discharge of 54 cubic meter/hr is observed in Khowai valley.
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3.8.1 Ground water resources Groundwater in the state of Tripura is primarily used for agricultural activities, drinking and other domestic purposes. Groundwater is primarily tapped by tube wells from depths ranging mostly between 35-70 m. A decadal (1999 to 2009) study conducted by CGWB Ground water depth also varies during pre-monsoon and post monsoon period. Details of this variation have been furnished in Table 3.14.
Table 3.14 Ground water Resources at Tripura, 2008 & 2009 Parameter Tripura Major Water Bearing Formation Tipam Sandstone Pre monsoon Depth to Water Level During 2008 1.42 – 8.14 m bgl Post monsoon Depth to Water Level During 2008 1.20 – 5.10 m bgl Annual Replenishable Ground water Resource during 2.97 BCM 2009 Net Annual Ground Water Availability during 2009 2.74 BCM Annual Ground Water Draft during 2009 0.16 BCM Stage of Ground Water Development during 2009 6% bgl – Below Ground level , BCM – Billion Cubic meter 3.9 SOIL QUALITY 8 numbers of samples were collected from different locations within 10 km radius to assess the base line status of soil. Analysis was also carried out for physico-chemical parameters as well as the parameters to define the texture class. Soil samples were collected by using core cutter and brought to the laboratory in polythene bags. Standard procedures have been followed for soil sampling and analysis. Soil sampling locations are presented in Figure 3.12 and tabulated in Table 3.15. Results are presented in Table 3.16.
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Figure 3.12 Map showing the study region location of Soil
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Table 3.15 Details of Soil sampling location Code Location Latitude and Longitude 23°38'15.38"N S1 MNKD-4 91°11'33.31"E 23°41'54.35"N S2 KND-7 91°10'02.61"E 23°30'15.01"N S3 SMD-1 91°16'14.52"E 23°15'37.30"N S4 GOAK 91°30'41.42"E 23°29'01.42"N S5 SDAC 91°24'33.93"E 23°31'32.49"N S6 SDAA 91°22'23.72"E 23°54'20.21"N S7 KUNJD-2 91°24'49.17"E 23°56'29.04"N S8 KUNJD-3 91°19'02.87"E
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 55 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 3.16 Soil Sample Analysis Result S. No Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1 Water Holding Capacity % 36.8 29.1 31.2 40.2 73.2 32.4 41.5 74.1 2 Porosity % 50.4 48.5 46.2 51.4 52.2 45.6 48.1 53.2 3 Particle Size Distribution a. Sand % 52.4 56.2 58.4 50.2 23.2 56.3 51.3 25.4 b. Silt % 19.5 26.8 26.2 20.4 16.4 24.4 21.2 15.5 c. Clay % 28.1 17.0 15.4 29.4 60.4 19.2 27.5 59.1 Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy 4 Texture - Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam 5 Cation Exchange Capacity meq/100 g 35.6 19.5 18.4 36.9 41.9 21.2 42.5 45.9 6 pH - 7.56 7.12 7.26 7.48 7.62 7.34 7.51 7.74 7 Electrical Conductivity dS/m 1.8 1.2 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.3 2.0 2.2 8 Exchangeable Sodium % 13.5 12.3 12.0 14.1 13.1 13.2 13.6 13.3 9 SAR - 1.85 1.27 1.2 1.9 1.9 1.33 2.05 2.22 10 Exchangeable Calcium meq/100g 20.4 11.2 10.6 21.8 24.2 12.1 23.6 25.1 11 Exchangeable Magnesium meq/100g 9.2 5.3 5.1 8.6 10.4 5.6 11.5 12.8 12 Sodium meq/100g 4.8 2.4 2.2 5.2 5.5 2.8 5.8 6.1 13 Exchangeable Potassium meq/100g 1.2 0.6 0.5 1.3 1.8 0.7 1.6 1.9 14 Organic Carbon(OC) % 0.56 0.62 0.68 0.66 0.80 0.78 0.72 0.84 15 Total Nitrogen % 0.048 0.053 0.058 0.057 0.069 0.067 0.062 0.072 16 Nitrate N kg/ha 121.0 138.9 112.0 129.9 143.4 134.4 147.8 138.9 17 Total Phosphorus kg/ha 275.5 345.0 295.7 322.6 371.8 349.4 385.3 378.6 18 Total Iron mg/100gm 76 66 72 80 84 64 78 92 19 Total Zinc mg/100gm 0.82 1.02 0.94 0.78 0.92 0.86 0.88 0.96 20 Total Copper mg/100gm 0.72 0.81 0.78 0.85 0.77 0.83 0.80 0.76 21 Total Boron mg/100gm 1.12 1.18 1.10 1.16 1.22 1.15 1.12 1.18 22 Total Chromium mg/100gm 0.62 0.58 0.52 0.64 0.59 0.63 0.61 0.55
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3.9.1 Summary of Soil Data The soils are categorized as sandy loam to sandy clay loam/clay based on different soil separates (sand, silt and clay). They have moderate to high water holding capacity (29.1 to 74.1 %), but soils are having moderate to good porosity as texture is sandy loam to clay as clay content is ranging from 15.4 to 60.4 %. The pH of the soil samples narrowly ranged from 7.12 to 7.74 during the study period. The soil EC also varied from 1.1 to 2.2 dS/m and ESP ranged from 12 to 14.1. These parameters indicate that soils are neutral in reaction, saline (EC > 1.0 dS/m) in the surrounding areas and non- sodic as ESP is <15.0. Among exchangeable basic cations predominance of calcium (10.6 to 25.1 meq/100 g soil) was seen followed by Mg (5.1 – 12.8 meq/100 g soil), Na (2.2 to 6.1 meq/100 g soil) and K (0.5 to 1.9 meq/100 g soil). The loss on ignition (0.56 to 0.84 % OC) indicate that soils are medium (<0.75 % OC) to high (>0.75 % OC) in organic carbon status. This shows that soils are medium to high in nitrogen status. Considering only 2% available phosphorus based on total P, soils are classified as poor (>28 kg P2O5/ha) in available P. On the basis of exchangeable potassium values soils are categorized as high (>280 kg K2O/ha) in potassium status. The results relating to total Fe, Cu, Cr, B and Zn do not show alarming concentrations in different soil samples as they are much lower than the interventional values for soils.
3.9.2 Interpretation of Soil Data Based on soil analysis data it is concluded that soils are normal from soil reaction view point, but saline as EC exceeds 1.0 dS/m in all the soil samples. The soils are medium to high in nitrogen, low in phosphorus and high in available potassium status. The levels of total Fe, Cu, Cr, B and Zn are within the limits. However, for successful greenbelt development liberal quantity of organic manure (25 tons/ha) and recommended dose of N and double the quantity of recommended doses of P fertilizers should be applied. The potassium is adequate, hence 20 % less than the recommended dose for green belt should be applied. The soil at the project site should be periodically monitored for EC, pH and ESP as well as OC (organic carbon), available P and K. 3.10 WATER ENVIRONMENT Physical, Chemical and Microbiological factors influencing water quality are so interrelated that a change in any water quality parameter may trigger other changes in a complete network of interrelated variables. Selected water quality parameters for surface and ground water resources along with biological indicators within study region have been used for water environment and assessing the impact on it by proposed project. A study on water environment aspects of ecosystem plays an important role in environmental assessment to identify water related sensitive issues.
3.10.1 Reconnaissance As a significant part of predefined framework of the present study water samples were collected from selected locations. The Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were finalized based on: Presence, Location and uses of major water bodies in the region, Type and Location of Industrial/residential areas, their intake and effluent disposal locations, Likely areas that can represent baseline conditions.
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3.10.2 Water Quality With the start of water quality study, the water resources in the study area were divided into two categories for getting ideal upshot of baseline status of water quality of the region. These two categories as determined are: Ground water resources (tube well, open well, springs etc.) Surface water resources including ponds, river, canals.
3.10.3 Sampling and Analysis All the water samples were collected and analyzed as per “Standard Methods for Examination of Water & Wastewater”, APHA 23rd edition, 2017. Water Samples for the analysis of physico-chemical parameters were collected in plastic carboy and parameter wise preserved onsite as per the technique defined in the book of APHA 23rd edition, 2017. Temperature, pH and DO were analyzed onsite and samples were brought to the laboratory for the analysis of remaining parameters.
3.10.4 Ground Water To assess the quality of ground water, samples were collected from 8 numbers of locations for the analysis of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. Ground water sampling locations are presented in Table 3.17 and Figure 3.13. Analysis results are presented in Table 3.18.
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Figure 3.13 Map showing the study area with locations for Ground Water
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 60 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 3.18 Ground water Analysis Results Drinking Water Specification IS 10500: 1992 (Reaffirmed
S. 2012) Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 No. Desirable Permissible Limit Limit
1. Temperature 0C 25.5 27.5 26.0 25.0 26.5 25.5 26.0 27.0 -- -- 0 2. pH @ 25 C pH Unit 6.54 6.94 6.58 6.92 6.76 6.88 6.78 6.82 6.5 – 8.5 No Relaxation 3. Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5 15 4. Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable -- 0 5. TDS @ 180 C mg/L 104 84 108 112 102 92 122 98 500 2000 6. Conductivity µmho/cm 158 132 166 178 154 144 184 148 -- -- 7. TSS mg/L <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 -- -- 8. Turbidity NTU 1.2 <1 1.4 1.8 1.3 <1 1.4 1.2 -- -- Total Hardness 9. mg/L 48 42 58 59 46 52 62 56 200 600 as CaCO3 10. Calcium mg/L 10.2 9.4 16 14 12 11.4 15.4 14 75 200 Total Alkalinity 11. mg/L 40 36 52 48 38 44 56 52 200 600 as CaCO3 12. Chloride mg/L 28 24 26 28 36 24 37 23 250 1000 13. Magnesium mg/L 5.5 4.5 4.4 5.8 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.1 30 100 14. Sulphate mg/L 3.1 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.1 2.6 2.9 200 400 Total 15. Phosphorus mg/L 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.5 -- -- (PO4-P) 16. Sodium mg/L 14 12 15 18 10 12 20 13 -- -- 17. Potassium mg/L 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 -- -- 18. Fluoride mg/L 0.14 0.1 0.13 0.24 0.15 0.18 0.15 0.21 1.0 1.5 Phenolic 19. mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.001 0.002 Compound 20. Oil and Grease mg/L <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 -- -- Dissolved 21. mg/L 5.8 6.2 5.8 5.7 6.0 6.1 5.5 5.8 -- -- Oxygen
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 61 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Drinking Water Specification IS 10500: 1992 (Reaffirmed
S. 2012) Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 No. Desirable Permissible Limit Limit
22. Nitrate mg/L 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 45 No Relaxation 23. Total Nitrogen mg/L 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.2 - - 24. Iron mg/L 0.50 0.80 0.82 0.86 1.20 0.64 0.70 0.55 0.3 No Relaxation 25. Copper mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 1.5 26. Boron mg/L 0.12 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.5 1.0 27. Chromium mg/L <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 0.05 No Relaxation 28. Zinc mg/L 0.12 <0.1 0.1 0.14 0.1 <0.1 0.13 0.12 5 15 Shall not be detectable in 29. Total Coliform Present/Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent any100 ml of sample
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3.10.5 Summary of Ground Water Quality The test results were compared with the Drinking Water Specification: IS: 10500, 1992 (Reaffirmed 2012) and it is summarized as under. pH was observed in the range of 6.54– 6.92, which meets with drinking water norms. Turbidity was found in the range of <1.0 – 1.8 NTU. Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) were recorded in the range of 84 - 122 mg/L with minimum at KUNJD-3 and maximum at MNKD-4. Conductivity varies from 144 to184 µmho/cm. The ratio of TDS to conductivity was observed in the range of 0.6 to 0.65 which is within the desired range. Total Hardness was in the range of 42- 62 mg/L with minimum at KUNJD-3 and maximum at MNKD-4. Total Alkalinity was found in the range of 36 -56 mg/L with minimum at KUNJD-3 and maximum at MNKD-4. Chloride was found in the range of 23 to 37 mg/L and Sulphate varies from 2.6 to 3.4 mg/L. Iron was found in the range of 0.50-1.20 mg/L with minimum at KUNJD-2 and maximum at ADDK. As microbiological parameters MPN analysis was also carried out and it was found Nil.
3.10.6 Interpretation of Ground Water Quality Data Based on comparison study of test results with drinking water norms, it is interpreted that water qualities of studied locations meet with the standards. Water quality can be considered good for the ground water sample taken. These water sources cannot be used in drinking as Iron content have been found more than prescribed limit. All water sources can be used for washing, bathing and irrigation purpose. To save the ground water from contamination and improving the quality, rainwater harvesting and ground water recharging may be helpful.
3.10.7 Surface Water To assess the quality of Surface water, samples were collected from 6 numbers of locations for the analysis of physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. Frequency of sampling was once during the study period. Sampling and analysis was carried out as per “Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater 23rd edition, 2017. Surface water sampling locations are presented in the Table 3.19 and Figure 3.14. Analysis results are presented in Table 3.20 & 3.21.
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Figure 3.14 Map showing the locations for Surface water
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Table 3.19 Details of Surface Water Sampling Locations Latitude and Code Location Longitude Source 23°49'11.49"N SW1 Haora River River 91°22'12.66"E Salda River 23°38'59.01"N SW2 River (Down Stream) 91°14'1.53"E 23°28'28.48"N SW3 Gomati River River 91°16'17.39"E Salda River 23°39'22.04"N SW4 River (Up Stream) 91°11'43.29"E 23°15'23.93"N SW5 Muhuri River River 91°30'42.92"E 24°19'36.96"N SW6 Juri River River 92° 9'25.69"E
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 66 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 3.20 Surface water Analysis Results Drinking Water Specification IS 10500: 1992/(Reaffirmed S. Parameters Unit SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 2012) No. Desirable Permissible Limit Limit 1. Temperature 0C 26.0 25.5 26.0 25.5 25.0 25.5 - - 2. pH @ 250C pH Unit 6.92 6.84 6.54 6.42 6.72 6.83 6.5 – 8.5 No Relaxation 3. Colour Hazen 8 3 5 4 4 <5 5 15 4. Odour - Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Unobjectionable Agreeable - 5. TDS @ 1800C mg/L 103 66 76 79 88 102 500 2000 6. Conductivity µmho/cm 166 108 126 124 138 158 - - 7. TSS mg/L 4 6 5 4 5 4 - - Total Hardness as 8. mg/L 48 38 40 38 42 200 600 CaCO3 52 9. Calcium mg/L 9 8.4 8.1 7.8 9.2 10.3 75 200 Total Alkalinity as 10. mg/L 44 34 32 28 32 200 600 CaCO3 38 11. Chloride mg/L 28 16 22 28 28 34 250 1000 12. Magnesium mg/L 6.2 4.1 4.8 4.5 4.6 6.4 30 100 13. Sulphate mg/L 1.6 2.1 2.1 3.2 3.2 2.4 200 400 14. Total Phosphorus mg/L 2.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.6 - - 15. Sodium mg/L 15 8 10 10 13 15 - - 16. Potassium mg/L 3 2 2 3 3 3 - - 17. Fluoride mg/L 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0 1.5 18. Phenolic Comp. mg/L <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.1 0.001 0.002 19. Oil and Grease mg/L <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 - - 20. Dissolved Oxygen mg/L 5.2 5.8 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.1 - - 21. COD mg/L 12 8 14 18 10 12 - - 22. BOD(3 days at 27 0C) mg/L 4 <4 5 6 <4 4 - - 23. Nitrate mg/L 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 45 No Relaxation 24. Total Nitrogen mg/L 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.6 - - 25. Iron mg/L 0.40 0.38 0.46 0.52 0.60 0.35 0.3 No Relaxation 26. Copper mg/L <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 0.05 1.5 27. Boron mg/L 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.1 0.07 0.08 0.5 1.0 28. Chromium mg/L <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 <0.03 0.05 No Relaxation 29. Zinc mg/L <0.1 <0.1 0.11 0.13 <0.1 0.12 Nil 15
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Table 3.22 Standard limit as per IS 10500:2012 for Microbiological parameters S.No. Organisams Requirements All water intended for drinking: a) E. coli or thermo tolerant coliform Shall not be detectable in 100 ml sample 1. bacteria
Treated water entering the distribution system: Shall not be detectable in 100 ml sample 2. a) E. coli or thermo tolerant coliform Shall not be detectable in 100 ml sample bacteria b) Total coliform bacteria Treated water in the distribution system: a) E. coli or thermo tolerant coliform Shall not be detectable in 100 ml sample 3. bacteria Shall not be detectable in 100 ml sample b) Total coliform bacteria
1) Immediate investigative action shall be taken if either E-coli or total coliform bacteria are detected. The minimum action in the case of total coliform bacteria is repeat sampling; if these bacteria are detected in the repeat sample, the cause shall be determined by immediate further investigation. 2) Although, E. coli is the more precise indicator of fecal pollution, the count of thermo tolerant coli form bacteria is an acceptable alternative. If necessary, proper confirmatory tests shall be carried out. Total coliform bacteria are not acceptable indicators of the sanitary quality of rural water supplies, particularly in tropical areas where many bacteria of no sanitary significance occur in almost all untreated supplies. 3) It is recognized that, in the great majority of rural water supplies in developing countries, fecal contamination is widespread. Under these conditions, the national surveillance agency should set medium- term targets for progressive improvement of water supplies.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 68 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 3.10.8 Summary of Surface Water Quality The following description is based on the analysis of the samples: During the analysis pH of the samples was found in the range of 6.54- 6.92. TDS analysis was also carried out for surface water sample and it was found in the range of 66-103 mg/L. TSS was found in the range of 4 – 6 mg/L. Total Hardness ranges from 38– 52 mg/L with maximum in the water sample of Juri River and minimum in Gongor River and Salda River. DO is one of the important parameter to indicate towards the contamination of organic matter. DO level decreases as soon as organic contamination increases. During analysis DO was found in the range of 5.0-5.8 mg/L. COD and BOD analysis was also carried out during the study period and results were found more than the expected value. Various literatures show that BOD should be less than 4.0 mg/L for the better survival of aquatic life. Total Nitrogen was found in the range of 1.2 – 1.6 mg/L. Heavy metal analysis was also carried out and the Iron content was found in the range of 0.35- 0.60 mg/L. MPN test was also carried out for this surface water sample and it was found positive. It indicates towards the faecal contamination in surface water body.
3.10.9 Interpretation of Surface Water Quality Data Based on test result data comparison study, it is interpreted that surface water quality does not meet with drinking water norms as per IS 10500:2012. Presence of COD indicates that water is contaminated with organic matter. This organic contamination may be due to animal bath and death and decay of plants leaves. This water should not be directly used in drinking purpose as Total coliform has been found during the study, but it can be used in drinking after conventional treatment followed by disinfection. This water can be used in irrigation and other domestic purposes.
3.11 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY
3.11.1 Methodology The study area was larger than the development site as it included adjacent areas that might be directly or indirectly affected by the proposal. Before starting the survey, locations were marked on Top sheet and survey conducted for marked locations. The sampling plots for floral inventory were selected randomly in the suitable habitats. Floral data were recorded in the datasheet after identification. Survey team had also collected some specimens of flora and they had taken help of local people as well as botanist for identification of the species. For the survey of fauna various methodologies were adopted like random survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, faunal habitat assessment, active search for scats and foot prints, animal call, and review of previous studies. Emphasis has been placed on presence of endemic species, threatened species if any present in the study area. The baseline survey for ecological status of flora and fauna has been carried out by primary survey as per QMS procedure.
3.11.2 Floral Diversity of the Study Area The objective of study is to provide the floral structure in the study area so that effective management can be done to conserve the natural wealth .Qualitative study was conducted for the survey of flora. Cropping pattern, trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and grasses were surveyed and the detail is summarized as under.
Trees: Total 47 species of trees belong to 22 families are enumerated from the study area.
Table 3.23 Trees Species of Study Area Sr. No. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name Category) 1 Anacardiaceae 1/1 Mangifera indica Mango Data Deficient Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 69 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Sr. No. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name Category) 1/2 Mangifera sylvatica Roxb Bon aam Least Concern 1/3 Spondias pinnata Thaisuiphang - 2 Annonaceae 2/4 Artabotrys hexapetalus Katchampa - 2/5 Annona squamosa Athafol Least Concern 3 Apocynaceae 3/6 Alstonia scholaris White Cheesewood Least Concern 4 Arecaceae 4/7 Borassus flabellifer Tal - 4/8 Cocos nucifera Coconut - 4/9 Oreodoxa regia Royal palm - 5 Caesalpiniaceae 5/10 Bauhinia malabarica Kadamba Least Concern 6 Combretaceae 6/11 Terminalia Bellirica Bahera - 6/12 Terminalia Arjuna Arjun - 6/13 Terminalia chebula Harra Least Concern 7 Cupressaceae 7/14 Thuja standishii Thuja Near Threatened 8 Caricaceae 8/15 Carica papaya Papaya Data Deficient 9 Dilleniaceae 9/16 Dillenia indica Chalta Least Concern 10 Dipterocarpaceae 10/17 Shorea robusta Sal Least Concern 11 Fabaceae 11/18 Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Least Concern 11/19 Cassia fistula Sundali Least Concern 11/20 Cassia nodosa Bandorlathi Least Concern 11/21 Delonix regia Gulmohar Least Concern 11/22 Dalbergia sissoo Sheesham Least Concern 11/23 Tamarindus indica Imli Least Concern 11/24 Pongamia glabra Jaitun Least Concern 12 Lauraceae 12/25 Cinnamomum tamala Tejpatha Least Concern 13 Lamiaceae 13/26 Gmelina arborea Gamhar Least Concern 13/27 Tectona grandis Teak - 14 Malvaceae 14/28 Bombax ceiba Linn. Samel Least Concern 14/29 Ceiba pentandra Kapok Least Concern 14/30 Grewia asiatica Linn. Phalsa Least Concern 15 Magnoliaceae 15/31 Michelia champaca Champak Least Concern 16 Meliaceae 16/32 Azadirachta indica Neem Least Concern 17 Musaceae 17/33 Musa paradisiaca Banana - 18 Moraceae 18/34 Artocarpus chama Sam - 18/35 Artocarpus lacucha Lakoochi - 18/36 Ficus benghalensis Banyan, Bot - 18/37 Ficus hispida Kakdumar Least Concern 18/38 Ficus religiosa Ashtwa - Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 70 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Sr. No. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name Category) 18/39 Ficus elastica Rubber tree - 18/40 Ficus racemosa Gular Least Concern 18/41 Morus alba Linn Shahtoot - 19 Myrtaceae 19/42 E. tereticornis Eucalyptys - 19/43 Syzygium cumini Jamun Least Concern 20 Oleaceae 20/44 Nyctanthes arbortristis Parijaat - 21 Phyllanthaceae 21/45 Emblica officinalis Amla Least Concern 22 Rutaceae 22/46 Aegle marmelos Bel Near Threatened 22/47 Citrus limon Limbu -
Shrub: Total 16 species of Shrub belong to 12 families are enumerated from the study area.
Table 3.24 Shrub Species Status (Red Data Book Sr. No. Scientific name Common Name Category) 1 Costaceae 1/1 Cheilocostus speciosus Keukand - 2 Euphorbiaceae 2/2 Ricinus communis Castor bean/ veranda - 2/3 Jatropha curcas Barbados nut Least Concern 2/4 Euphorbia nerifolia Spurge Tree Least Concern 3 Oleaceae 3/5 Jasminum officinale Chameli - 4 Lamiaceae 4/6 Vitex negundo Nisinda Least Concern 5 Fabaceae 5/7 Cajanus cajan Arhar - 6 Malvaceae 6/8 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Jason - 6/9 Hibiscus mutabilis Chinese Rose/Sthalkamal 6/10 Corchorus capsularis White Jute - 7 Lythraceae 7/11 Lawsonia inermis Mehandi Least Concern 8 Nyctaginaceae 8/12 Mirabilis jalapa Gulabans - 9 Rutaceae 9/13 Murraya exotica Murraya/Kamini - 10 Rubiaceae 10/14 Gardenia jasminoides Cape jasmine - 11 Solanaceae 11/15 Solanum nigrum Mirchi - 12 Oleaceae 12/16 Jasminum scandens Jasmine -
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 71 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Herbs: Total 19 species of herbs belong to 11 families are enumerated from the study area.
Table 3.25 Herbs Species of Study Area Sr. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name No. Category) 1 Acanthaceae 1/1 Andrographis paniculata Kalmegh - 2 Amaranthaceae 2/2 Amaranthus spinosus L Chaulai - 2/3 Chenopodium album Bathua - 3 Asparagaceae 3/4 Asparagus racemosus Satawar - 4 Apocynaceae 4/5 Catharanthus roseus Barmasi - 5 Araceae 5/6 Alocasia indica Mankochu - 5/7 Colocasia esculenta Taro Least Concern 6 Convolvulaceae 6/8 Ipomea aquatica Kalmi - 7 Cornaceae 7/9 Alangium Salvifolium Ankol - 8 Euphorbiaceae 8/10 Acalypha indica Indian Copper leaf, Muktajuri - 9 Fabaceae 9/11 Desmodium triflorum Tinpatia Least Concern 10 Lamiaceae 10/12 Ocimum sanctum Tulsi - 10/13 Nepeta hindostana Catmints - 11 Solanaceae 11/14 Capsicum annuum Mirchi Least Concern 11/15 Datura metel Sadahdhatura - 11/16 Datura inoxia Datura - 11/17 Solanum nigrum Mokoya - 11/18 Lycopersicon esculentum Tomato Least Concern 11/19 Solanum tuberosum Alu -
Climbers: Total 10 species of climber belong to 7 families are enumerated from the study area.
Table 3.26 Climber Species Sr. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name No. Category) 1 Aristolochiaceae 1/1 Aristolochia indica Indian Birthwort - 2 Combretaceae 2/2 Quisqualis indica Madhu Malti - 3 Cucurbitaceae 3/3 Momordica monadelpha Tilkor - 3/4 Luffa acutangula Ridged gourd - 3/5 Cucurbita maxima Kolu - 4 Dioscoreaceae 4/6 Dioscorea bulbifera L Jata- shankari - 5 Fabaceae 5/7 Abrus precatorius Gunchi - 5/8 Clitoria ternatea Linn Aparajita - Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 72 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Sr. Status (Red Data Book Scientific name Common Name No. Category) 6 Nyctaginaceae 6/9 Bougainvillea spectabilis Boganvel - 7 Passifloraceae 7/10 Passiflora edulis Krishna Kamal -
REET Species: Study area shows the presence of Near Threatened floral species.
3.11.3 Faunal Diversity of the Study Area The objective of study is to provide the faunal abundance in the study area so that effective management can be done to conserve them. Qualitative study was conducted for the survey of fauna. Methodology adopted for fauna survey was Random survey, opportunistic observations, diurnal bird observation, active search for reptiles, faunal habitat assessment, active search for microhabitat, scats, foot prints, animal call, pug marks, debarking sign, nesting, claws, dung, etc. and information from local villagers.
Table 3.27 List of Mammals in the Study Area
Status (Red Data Schedule as S. No. Scientific Name Common Name Book Category) per WPA 1972
1 Canis aureus Jackal Least Concern Schedule II 2 Vulpes vulpes Fox Least Concern Schedule II 3 Herpestes edwardsii Indian grey mongoose Least Concern Schedule II 4 Sciurus carolinensis Eastern gray squirrel Least Concern - 5 Rattus rattus Rat Least Concern Schedule V 6 Cannomys badius Bay bamboo rat Least Concern - 7 Mus musculus Mouse Least Concern - 8 Lepus nigricollis Indian Hare Least Concern - 9 Macaca mulatta Rhesus Monkey Least Concern Schedule II 10 Trachypithecus geei Golden langur Endangered Schedule I 11 Semnopithecus hector Gray Langur Near Threatened - 12 Myotis sodalis Indiana Bat Near Threatened - 13 Neofelis nebulosa Clouded Leopard Vulnerable Schedule I 14 Trachypithecus pileatus Capped langur Vulnerable Schedule I 15 Nycticebus bengalensis Slow loris Endangered Schedule I 16 Prionailurus bengalensis Leopard cat Least Concern Schedule I 17 Manis crassicaudata Indian pangolin Endangered Schedule I 18 Hoolock hoolock Western hoolock gibbon Endangered Schedule I 19 Muntiacus muntjak Barking deer Least Concern Schedule III 20 Sus scrofa Wild boar Least Concern Schedule III 21 Trachypithecus obscurus Spectacle langur Endangered - 22 Macaca nemestrina Pig-tailed macaque Vulnerable Schedule II 23 Trachypithecus phayrei Phayre's langur Endangered - 24 Macaca mulatta Rhesus macaque Least Concern Schedule II 25 Canis aureus indicus Golden jackal Least Concern Schedule II 26 Hystrix indica Indian Crested Porcupine Least Concern Schedule IV 27 Felis chaus Jungle cat Least Concern Schedule II 28 Viverra zibetha Large Indian civet Least Concern Schedule II 29 Viverricula indica Small India civet Least Concern Schedule II 30 Paradoxurus hermaphroditus Common palm civet Least Concern Schedule II 31 Paguma larvata Himalayan palm civet Least Concern Schedule II Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 73 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 32 Pteromyini Flying squirrel Least Concern Schedule II 33 Herpestes urva Crab eating mongoose Least Concern Schedule II 34 Martes flavigula Yellow throated marten Least Concern Schedule II 35 Bos gaurus Bison or Gaba Vulnerable Schedule I
Table 3.28 List of Domestic Mammals in the Study Area S.No. Scientific Name Common Name 1. B. bubalus Buffalo 2. Bos Indicus Cow 3. Canis familiaris Goat 4. Felis catus Dog 5. Capra aegagrus hircus Goat 6. Equus caballus Horse 7. Ovis aries Sheep
Table 3.29 Avi Fauna Status (Red Data Schedule as Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Book Category) per WPA 1972 1 Acridotheres tristis Common myna Least Concern Schedule IV 2 Francolinus pondicerianus Titar Least Concern - 3 Columbia livia Pigeon(Kabutar) Least Concern Schedule IV 4 Pavo cristatus Peacock Least Concern Schedule I 5 Corvus splendens Crow Least Concern Schedule V 6 Dicrurus adsimilis Black drango Least Concern Schedule IV 7 Passer domesticus indicus Sparrow Least Concern - 8 Streptopelia decaocto Indian ring dove Least Concern Schedule IV 9 Pycnonotus cafer Red vent bulbul Least Concern Schedule IV 10 Ardea modesta Eastern great egret Least Concern Schedule IV 11 Eudynamys scolopacea Koel Least Concern Schedule IV 12 Gallus gallus domesticus Hen Least Concern - 13 Corvus macrorhynchos Jungle Crow Least Concern - 14 Buteo jamaicensis Hawk Least Concern Schedule I 15 Ploceus philippinus Weaver Bird Least Concern Schedule IV 16 Coturnix coturnix Quail Least Concern Schedule IV 17 Melopsittacus undulatus Budgerigar (Parakeet) Least Concern Schedule IV 18 Irena puella Fairy blue bird Least Concern Schedule IV 19 Ducula badia Mountain imperial pigeon Least Concern Schedule IV 20 Cuculus micropterus Indian Cuckoo Least Concern Schedule IV 21 Grus antigone Sarus Crane Vulnerable Schedule IV 22 Milvus migrans Pariah kite Least Concern - 23 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted dove Least Concern Schedule IV 24 Egretta garzetta Little egret Least Concern Schedule IV 25 Ardeola grayii Indian pond heron Least Concern - 26 Lophura leucomelanos Kalij pheasant Least Concern Schedule I 27 Anthracoceros albirostris Pied hornbill Least Concern Schedule I 28 Alcedo meninting Blue-eared kingfisher Least Concern Schedule IV 29 Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed parakeet Least Concern Schedule IV 30 Coracias benghalensis Indian roller Least Concern Schedule IV 31 Dendrocygna Javanica Whistling teals Least Concern - 32 Anastomus oscitans Open bill stork Least Concern Schedule IV 33 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Cormorant Least Concern Schedule IV 34 Vanellus indicus Red wattled lapwing Least Concern - 35 Spilornis cheela Serpent eagle Least Concern - Wood pecker (black-rumped Dinopium benghalense Least Concern Schedule IV 36 flameback) Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 74 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 37 Acridotheres fuscus Jungle myna Least Concern Schedule IV 38 Ardea cinerea Grey heron Least Concern -
Table 3.30 List of Reptiles in the Study Area
Status (Red Data Book Schedule as per Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Category) WPA 1972
1 Naja naja Indian cobra Least Concern Schedule II 2 Bungarus caeruleus Krait - Schedule IV 3 Ptyas mucosus Rat snake - Schedule II 4 Varanus bengalensis Monitor Lizard Least Concern Schedule I 5 Hemidactylus frenatus House Lizard - - 6 Chamaeleo chamaeleon Chameleon Least Concern Schedule II 7 Python molurus Python Vulnerable Schedule I
Table 3.31 List of Invertebrates in the Study Area Status (Red Data Book Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Category) 1. Argiope aurantia The garden spider NE (Not Evaluated) 2. Diplopoda Millipede Least Concern 3. Anax junius Dragon Fly Least Concern 4. Caelifera Grass Hopper NE (Not Evaluated) 5. Myrmecocystus stripes Ant NE (Not Evaluated) 6. Periplaneta americana Cockroach NE (Not Evaluated) 7. Anopheles maculipennis Mosquito NE (Not Evaluated) 8. Apis mellificia Honey bee NE (Not Evaluated)
Table 3.32 List of Butterflies in the Study Area S. No. Scientific Name Species 1. Graphium cloanthus Glassy bluebottle 2. Papilio demoleus Lime 3. Papilio polytes Common Mormon 4. Pieris canidia Indian Cabbage White 5. Pararge schakra Common Wall 6. Pareba vesta Yellow Coster 7. Danaus chrysippus Plain Tiger 8. Pantoporia perius Common Sergeant 9. Vanessa indica Indian Red Admiral 10. Junonia lemonias Lemon pansy
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 75 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 3.33 Detail of Fishes S. No. Scientific Name Species 1. Labeo rohita Rohu 2. Clarias batrachus Mangur 3. Catla catla Bhakur 4. Crirrihina mirgala Naini 5. Mystus aor Tengra 6. Channa punctatus Lata 7. Channa striatus Sole 8. Anabas testudineus Koi 9. Chela bacaila Chelwa 10. Barbus stigma Putia 11. Trigogaster Khasua 12. Hetereopneustes fossies Singhi 13. Liza parsia Parse
REET Species: Study area shows the presence of Endangered, Vulnerable & Near Threatened Species as per the secondary data.
3.11.4 Interpretation of Ecology and Biodiversity The studied area is largely a Range Land like Open Scrub, Shrubs, Scrub Land and Wood Land .Common shrubs of the study region are Castor bean, Barbados nut, Spurge Tree and Chinese rose. Dominant trees are Kachnar, Sundali, Gulmohr, Sheesham and Jaitun. This type of floral structure mostly supports to herbivorous and small size Mammalian wildlife. Near threatened, Endangered, Vulnerable and Schedule-I species shows presence in the study area as per the secondary data. Scrubland supports to reptiles as a result Krait, Indian Cobra and Python are present in the study area. Majority common and domestic species were recorded in the study area.
3.12 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The rapid industrialization of the study region has greatly influenced the socio economic and health environment in the villages. Increasing industrialization and population density has increased pressure on resources, civic amenities and public infrastructure. Economic conditions of the local people have improved with the increasing industrialization and greater employment opportunities. The socio-economic environment includes demography structure, population density, literacy level, and employment levels. The data establish a baseline for the prediction of likely impacts of the proposed activity on the socio-economic environment. Secondary information pertaining to the study area villages was collected from Government Agencies, Census data for the year 2011, and statistical abstracts to compile the socio-economic data.
3.12.1 Socio-Economic Survey Methodology Socio-economic survey tools provide a means of improving understanding of local resource management systems, resource use and the relative importance of resources for households and villages. They can also be used to elicit insights on interaction with government decision-making systems, community perceptions of trends and priority issues, and community-based institutions and their role in the sustainable use and conservation of natural resources.
Data Collection: Following steps were considered for the collection of primary data: 1. Identification of Study Area: The study area was identified before carrying out the survey. All the related information which could affect the prosperity, development & literacy were also collected. 2. Site Visit: Location wise survey plan & format for data collection were prepared for site visit. Data regarding Land Characteristics, Population, Literacy, Workers and Amenities were collected during the survey. Analysis of Data: The data collected by primary survey were verified with secondary data collected from sources like Government Agencies, Census data for the year 2011, and statistical abstracts.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 76 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 3.12.2 Demography Almost all villages in the study area are experiencing a rapid growth of population due to industrialization. The total population of study region is summarized in Table 3.34.
3.12.3 Population Density Population density in the study area varies from 181 - 6798 person/sq. km. Details of the same are tabulated in Table 3.34. Table 3.34 Details of Population in Study Area Total Population area Villages No. of Household Total population density In Person/sq.km (Sq.km) Madhupur (CT) 3591 14105 6.23 2264 Madhuban (CT) 3989 16579 14.76 1123 Pandabpur 1596 6960 9.05 769 Ishanchandranagar 1324 5451 6.12 891 Charipara (CT) 4543 19598 5.85 3350 Anandanagar (CT) 3407 13814 14.21 972 Bardowal 1165 5410 6.02 899 Amtali 2038 8463 9.45 896 Agartala (M Cl) 100650 400004 58.84 6798 Kanchanmala 818 3319 7.16 464 Srinagar 1956 8618 24.42 353 Bikramnagar 1852 7412 7.45 995 Tulakona 796 3370 9.29 363 Mekhlipara 1032 4367 5.92 738 Uttar Champamura 2672 11359 8.06 (CT) 1409 Aralia (Part) 622 2936 4.19 701 Bodhjongnagar 1352 6021 15.06 400 Lankamura (Part) 1608 7065 5.05 1399 Kunjaban 1604 6870 16.79 409 Prabhapur 942 4168 20.30 205 Hirapur 249 1113 6.14 181 Barjala 542 2375 4.66 510 Madhupur 1940 8017 6.23 1287 Nehalchandranagar 1329 5455 11.70 466 Gakulnagar (CT) 2679 11369 10.55 1078 Dakshin 887 3618 8.20 441 Champamura Total 145183 587836 301.70 29360
3.12.4 Sex Ratio The sex ratio i.e. the number of females per 1000 males is in range of 833 -1008 with lowest in Gakulnagar (CT) and highest in Dakshin Champamura village. The Sex ratio i.e. the number of females per 1000 males indirectly reveals certain sociological aspect in relation to female births, infant mortality among female children. Details of the same are tabulated in Table 3.35.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 77 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 3.35 Details of Sex Ratio in Study Area Male Female Total Sex Ratio Zone of Study Population Population Population (Female to 1000 Male) Madhupur (CT) 7178 6927 14105 965 Madhuban (CT) 8480 8099 16579 955 Pandabpur 3577 3383 6960 946 Ishanchandranagar 2787 2664 5451 956 Charipara (CT) 10008 9590 19598 958 Anandanagar (CT) 6984 6830 13814 978 Bardowal 2780 2630 5410 946 Amtali 4319 4144 8463 959 Agartala (M Cl) 200132 199872 400004 999 Kanchanmala 1714 1605 3319 936 Srinagar 4349 4269 8618 982 Bikramnagar 3799 3613 7412 951 Tulakona 1740 1630 3370 937 Mekhlipara 2223 2144 4367 964 Uttar Champamura 5893 5466 11359 (CT) 928 Aralia (Part) 1532 1404 2936 916 Bodhjongnagar 3071 2950 6021 961 Lankamura (Part) 3645 3420 7065 938 Kunjaban 3478 3392 6870 975 Prabhapur 2159 2009 4168 931 Hirapur 574 539 1113 939 Barjala 1199 1176 2375 981 Madhupur 4133 3884 8017 940 Nehalchandranagar 2743 2712 5455 989 Gakulnagar (CT) 6202 5167 11369 833 Dakshin Champamura 1802 1816 3618 1008 Total 296501 291335 587836 -
3.12.5 Literacy Rate The literacy level of the study area is summarized in Table 3.36 and graphically presented in Figure 3.15. Table 3.36 Details of Literacy Rate in Study Area Literate Literacy (%) Zone of Study Male Female Total Male Female Total Madhupur (CT) 6153 5695 11848 85.72 82.21 84.00 Madhuban (CT) 7155 6407 13562 84.38 79.11 81.80 Pandabpur 2791 2356 5147 78.03 69.64 73.95 Ishanchandranagar 2399 2109 4508 86.08 79.17 82.70 Charipara (CT) 8127 7132 15259 81.21 74.37 77.86 Anandanagar (CT) 5765 5244 11009 82.55 76.78 79.69 Bardowal 2278 2025 4303 81.94 77.00 79.54 Amtali 3585 3183 6768 83.01 76.81 79.97 Agartala (M Cl) 175170 169541 344711 87.53 84.82 86.18 Kanchanmala 1392 1216 2608 81.21 75.76 78.58 Srinagar 3367 2834 6201 77.42 66.39 71.95 Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 78 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Bikramnagar 3217 2904 6121 84.68 80.38 82.58 Tulakona 1471 1315 2786 84.54 80.67 82.67 Mekhlipara 1779 1563 3342 80.03 72.90 76.53 Uttar Champamura 4874 4269 9143 82.71 78.10 80.49 (CT) Aralia (Part) 1186 953 2139 77.42 67.88 72.85 Bodhjongnagar 2547 2169 4716 82.94 73.53 78.33 Lankamura (Part) 3124 2772 5896 85.71 81.05 83.45 Kunjaban 3031 2857 5888 87.15 84.23 85.71 Prabhapur 1707 1252 2959 79.06 62.32 70.99 Hirapur 427 321 748 74.39 59.55 67.21 Barjala 948 809 1757 79.07 68.79 73.98 Madhupur 3370 2924 6294 81.54 75.28 78.51 Nehalchandranagar 2230 2019 4249 81.30 74.45 77.89 Gakulnagar (CT) 4892 3669 8561 78.88 71.01 75.30 Dakshin 1492 1409 2901 82.80 77.59 80.18 Champamura Total 2,54,477 2,38,947 4,93,424 - - -
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0 % Literacy %
Villages
Literacy (%) Male Literacy (%) Female Literacy (%) Total
Figure 3.15 Graph of Literacy Rate Among all the villages of study area Agartala is having high literacy rate i.e. 86.18 %. There is not much difference between female literacy rate and male literacy rate in the study region. Female literacy rate is an important indicator for social change.
3.12.6 Economic Aspects Economic aspects of the study area include the economic structure of the people of the surrounding area. It can be predicted that economic structure of the study area will be improved with time, because it consists large industrial estate and hence there are more employment opportunities. According to working status, whole population of the study area is divided into,
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 79 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Marginal workers Non workers Main workers Census department has defined 10 categories of workers in Main workers. It consists of cultivators, agricultural, labourer those engaged in livestock, forestry, fishing, mining and quarrying, manufacturing, processing and repairs in household industries and other services. Workers engaged in the work for a period less than 6 month during the reference year falls under marginal workers. Workers engaged in unpaid household duties e.g. students, retired person, dependents etc. falls under non-workers. Detail of occupational structure is shown in Table 3.37 and Figure 3.16. Table 3.37 Details of Occupational Structure Total Workers Zone of Study Non-Workers (%) Main Workers (%) Marginal Workers (%) Madhupur (CT) 63.28 29.42 7.31 Madhuban (CT) 63.27 28.23 8.50 Pandabpur 59.64 26.29 14.07 Ishanchandranagar 56.71 34.93 8.37 Charipara (CT) 61.55 26.25 12.21 Anandanagar (CT) 62.19 28.75 9.06 Bardowal 62.88 26.28 10.83 Amtali 63.61 27.01 9.38 Agartala (M Cl) 63.59 32.39 4.02 Kanchanmala 60.77 29.50 9.73 Srinagar 55.00 29.13 15.87 Bikramnagar 61.93 31.22 6.85 Tulakona 63.38 28.52 8.10 Mekhlipara 60.68 33.09 6.23 Uttar Champamura 60.51 31.82 7.67 (CT) Aralia (Part) 59.16 18.80 22.04 Bodhjongnagar 56.87 29.96 13.17 Lankamura (Part) 59.29 29.48 11.22 Kunjaban 54.06 35.17 10.77 Prabhapur 56.72 34.19 9.09 Hirapur 45.91 26.50 27.58 Barjala 61.43 33.22 5.35 Madhupur 61.61 29.92 8.47 Nehalchandranagar 63.87 22.75 13.38 Gakulnagar (CT) 60.44 36.65 2.91 Dakshin 65.31 27.89 6.80 Champamura
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70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0 % of Workers of%
Villages
Non Workers (%) Total Workers Main Workers(%) Total Workers Marginal Workers (%)
Figure 3.16 Occupational Structure of Study Area Gakulnagar (CT) has significant employment i.e. 36.65% as main workers, while the lowest employment as main workers in Aralia (Part) i.e. 18.80 %. Almost all the villages have more than 50 % people as non- workers. Rapid industrialization in the last two decades has resulted in significant changes in the occupational profile of the local people. There is an overall trend among the youth to opt for employment in service sector and move away from traditional occupation.
3.12.7 Infrastructures Resource base The infrastructure resources base of the eleven study areas with reference to education, medical facility, water supply, post and telegraph, transportation, communication facility, power supply and existence of nearest town etc. according to the Village Directory Census CD 2011 of Tripura State. The significant features of these important parameters for each study area are discussed as follows: Education As per 2011 village directory record, almost all villages having education facility in the form of primary schools, and middle school are as follows. Govt. Pre - Primary Private Pre - Primary Govt. Govt. Govt. Govt. School School Primary Middle Secondary Senior (Nursery/LKG/UKG) (Nursery/LKG/UKG) School School School Secondary School 14 6 69 37 25 8
Medical/Primary Health Care Medical facilities in terms of community health workers are available in some of the villages. Primary health center and primary health sub centers are available in few villages. Primary Primary Maternity TB Hospital Dispensary Veterinary Health Health And Child Clinic Allopathic Hospital Centre Sub Welfare Centre Centre 3 12 1 1 1 8 7
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 81 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Drinking Water The water supply in the region is through dug wells, hand pumps, taps and other allied sources Tap Water- Tap Cover Uncover Han Tube Sprin River/Ca Tank/Pond/L Treated Water ed ed Well d Wells/Boreh g nal ake Untreat Well Pum ole ed p 10 11 9 15 16 16 4 12 16
Drainage and Sanitation Facilities Drainage and sanitation facilities were not adequate in the study area. Mostly Open drainage, and open kuccha drainage observed in the village. Closed Drainage Open Drainage Open Kuccha Drainage
1 7 12
Communication Communication facility is fairly good in this region. Near about 50% villages having telephone connectivity and having post office. Post Office Sub Post Office Post And Telegraph Telephone Public Call Office (landlines) Office /Mobile (PCO) 7 12 1 12 10
Transportation A well planned and efficient network of transport is an essential component for a developing country. In the absence of efficient network of transport, a State‟s economy would suffer from major grid lock in terms of overall growth potential of that area. In village public bus facility was availed and other facilities were private bus. Public Private Auto/Modified Taxi Vans Tractors Footpath Bus Bus Autos Service Service 6 9 15 8 10 4 19
Bank Facilities Banking and credit society facility was found in village. Self-help group activities were performed by the women groups. Commercial Bank Cooperative Bank Agricultural Credit Self - Help Societies Group (SHG) 1 3 2 17
Power Supply Almost all villages are electrified in the region and electricity is available for both domestic and agriculture. Power Supply For Power Supply For Power Supply For Power Supply Domestic Use Agriculture Use Commercial Use For All Users 19 16 12 11
3.12.8 Interpretation of Socio Economic Data During the primary survey it was observed that almost pakka road facility is available in all villages within 10 km radius. Literacy rate of the study region is from 67.21% to 86.18%. On the basis of survey for literacy
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 82 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) rate data it is interpreted that there is need to promote education among more and more people. Almost all the villages have more than 50 % people as non-workers. It indicates that the problem of unemployment can be solved by providing proper training and education. There is also need to establish more industries so that maximum number of employment can be generated. 3.13 SUMMARY Ambient air quality monitoring 98th Sr. Criteria Maximum Minimum Prescribed Unit percentile No. Pollutants Value Value standard value 3 1. PM10 µg/m 74.3 37.6 63.56 100 3 2. PM2.5 µg/m 35.9 18.3 31.65 60 3 3. SO2 µg/m 8.6 3.8 7.15 80 3 4. NOX µg/m 20.9 10.9 18.15 80 Based on comparison study of results with NAAQS for tested parameters, it is interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations can be considered very good as all the results of tested parameters are well within the limit. Noise Monitoring Sr. Prescribed Parameter Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value No. standard 1. Leq (Day) dB(a) 51.2 42.6 55 2. Leq(Night) db(a) 41.9 40.8 45 Based on noise level data obtained during the survey, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC and noise environment can be considered good. Soil Quality and Characteristics Sr. Parameter Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value No. 1. pH - 7.74 7.12 electrical 2. dS/m 2.2 1.1 Conductivity 3. Sodium meq/100gm 6.1 2.2 4. Potassium meq/100gm 1.9 0.5 5. Phosphorous kg/ha 385.3 275.5 6. Total Nitrogen % 0.072 0.048 Based on soil analysis data it is concluded that soils are normal from soil reaction view point, but saline as EC exceeds 1.0 dS/m in all the soil samples. The soils are medium to high in nitrogen, low in phosphorus and high in available potassium status. The levels of total Fe, Cu, Cr, B and Zn are within the limits. However, for successful greenbelt development liberal quantity of organic manure (25 tons/ha) and recommended dose of N and double the quantity of recommended doses of P fertilizers should be applied. The potassium is adequate, hence 20 % less than the recommended dose for green belt should be applied. The soil at the project site should be periodically monitored for EC, pH and ESP as well as OC (organic carbon), available P and K. Ground water Sr. Maximum Minimum Desirable Permissible Parameter Unit No. Value Value Limit Limit No 1. pH - 6.94 6.54 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2. TDS mg/L 122 84 500 2000 3. TSS mg/L <2 <2 - - Total 4. mg/L 62 42 200 600 hardness 5. Chloride mg/L 37 23 250 1000 Total 6. mg/L 56 36 200 600 Alkalinity 7. Fluoride mg/L 0.24 0.10 1.0 1.5
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 3 83 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) No 8. Iron mg/L 1.20 0.50 0.3 Relaxation Based on comparison study of test results with drinking water norms, it is interpreted that water qualities of studied locations meet with the standards. Water quality can be considered good for the ground water sample taken. These water sources cannot be used in drinking as Iron content have been found more than prescribed limit. All water sources can be used for washing, bathing and irrigation purpose. To save the ground water from contamination and improving the quality, rainwater harvesting and ground water recharging may be helpful. Surface water Sr. Maximum Minimum Desirable Permissible Parameter Unit No. Value Value Limit Limit No 1. ph - 6.92 6.42 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2. TDS mg/L 103 66 500 2000 3. DO mg/L 5.8 5.0 - - 4. COD mg/L 18 8 - - 5. BOD mg/L 6 <4 - - Based on test result data comparison study, it is interpreted that surface water quality does not meet with drinking water norms as per IS 10500:2012. Presence of COD indicates that water is contaminated with organic matter. This organic contamination may be due to animal bath and death and decay of plants leaves. This water should not be directly used in drinking purpose but it can be used in drinking after conventional treatment followed by disinfection. This water can be used in irrigation and other domestic purposes. Ecology and Biodiversity The studied area is largely a Range Land like Open Scrub, Shrubs, Scrub Land and Wood Land. Common shrubs of the study region are castor bean, barbados nut, Spurge Tree and Chinese rose. Dominant trees are Kachnar, Sundali, Gulmohr, Sheesham and Jaitun. This type of floral structure mostly supports to herbivorous and small size Mammalian wildlife. Near threatened /endangered/ Vulnerable and Schedule-I species shows presence in the study area as per the secondary data. Scrubland supports to reptiles as a result Krait, Indian Cobra and Python are present in the study area. Majority common and domestic species were recorded in the study area. Socio economic During the primary survey it was observed that almost pakka road facility is available in all villages within 10 km radius. Literacy rate of the study region is from 67.21% to 86.18%. On the basis of survey for literacy rate data it is interpreted that there is need to promote education among more and more people. Almost all the villages have more than 50 % people as non- workers. It indicates that the problem of unemployment can be solved by providing proper training and education. There is also need to establish more industries so that maximum number of employment can be generated.
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4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 GENERAL This chapter presents the identified environmental impacts due to the proposed project and outlines alternatives any mitigation measures for minimizing adverse impacts. 4.2 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The anticipated impacts of the proposed project activities on the environment have been evaluated and predicted based on the information collected at the site and the information provided by the ONGC. Actual and foreseeable events, including operational and typical events are discussed in this chapter. It is however important to remember that operations related to Production activities also include positive socioeconomic impacts in terms of increase in local business opportunities and on a larger perspective, by providing potential energy security at a national level. Aspects and impacts on environmental components which would be relevant to the different phases of the project i.e. pre-drilling activities, drilling, early production and decommissioning have been addressed in the matrix. Based on review of applicable legislations project specific features, site survey, discussions with stakeholders and baseline environment the socio-economic and Environmental components were identified.
4.2.1 Matrix Representation Table 4.1: Impact Identification Matrix
Environmental Attributes
Activities
RH
SE
Air EB
Hydro
Soil LU/LC
SHW
Noise Noise geology
Water Geology
A. Operation of GCS Flaring of Gas ✔ ------✔ - - ✔ Operation of DG sets and machineries ✔ - - ✔ ------✔ Spillage/ leakage of chemical, oil & gas - ✔ ✔ - - - - ✔ - - - B. Laying of Pipeline and Facilities Site clearance and top soil removal - - ✔ - - - - - ✔ - - Trenching and Boring, manifold installation ✔ - ✔ ✔ ✔ - - ✔ - - ✔ Sourcing & transportation of pipes etc. - - - - ✔ ------Plantation activity ------✔ -
Table 4.2: Severity Criteria for Magnitude of Impacts Impact S. No Category Description of category Adverse Beneficial 1. No impact - 0 0 2. No appreciable impact Short term reversible -1 1 3. Significant impact Long term reversible -2 2 4. Major impact Irreversible but of lesser extent -3 3 5. High impact Irreversible but of medium extent -4 4 6. Permanent impact Severe irreversible impact -5 5
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Figure 4.1: Impact vs. Probability Chart Table 4.3: Score range for beneficial and adverse impacts S. No Total score Outcome 1. +ve / -ve Beneficial impact / adverse impact 2. 0-150 No appreciable Beneficial impact / adverse impact 3. 151-300 Appreciable but reversible adverse impact-mitigation measures are needed Significant adverse impacts: most of the impacts are reversible. Mitigation measures are 4. 301-450 crucial. Major adverse impacts; most of the impacts are reversible. Alternative site selection to be 5. 451-600 considered. 6. >600 Permanent irreversible impact; alternatives to the project need to be explored
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 86 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Table 4.4: Environmental Impact Matrix without Mitigation Measures
Environmental Attributes
Activities
SE
Air EB
Soil
SHW
Total
Noise Noise
Water
Hydro Hydro
LU/LC
Risk & Risk
geology
Hazards Geology
A. Operation of GCS Flaring of Gas -8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6 0 0 -14 Operation of DG sets and machineries -6 0 0 -9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -15 Spillage/ leakage of chemical, oil & gas 0 -6 -6 0 0 0 0 0 -10 0 0 -22 B. Laying of Pipeline and Facilities Site clearance and top soil removal 0 0 -6 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4 0 -10 Trenching and Boring, manifold installation -9 0 -6 -9 -9 0 0 -6 -12 -9 6 -54 Sourcing & transportation of pipes etc. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4 4 0 Plantation Activity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 9 Cumulative score -23 -6 -18 -18 -9 0 0 -6 -28 -9 11 -106
Highest cumulative score (-28) received in Risk and Hazard attribute. Highest total (9) received for Plantation activity. Total Cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters without mitigation measures is (-106) which is not appreciable adverse impact score.
4.2.2 Air Environment Table 4.5: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Air Environment Project Activity Aspect/Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Flaring during testing and Flaring will involve high temperature No cold venting will be resorted process upset oxidation process to burn combustible instead flaring will be done with Operation of DG set. gases that may be generated from the combustion efficient elevated flare tip. production wells. Emissions from flaring Thermal combustion will be done will include CO2, carbon particles (soot), during testing of gas in Flare stacks at unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and other existing GCS. partially burned or altered hydrocarbons, Proper engineering controls will be NOx. adopted to ensure complete Since sour gas and mercaptans are not combustion of gas. expected, so SO2 would not be D.G Sets will be operated during in considered as a priority pollutant. The case of emergency. flaring will only be intermittent and will not An air pollutant dispersion modelling last for more than a few days. exercise has been undertaken to Operation of DG sets which will result in predict the ground level the generation of air pollutants viz. PM, concentrations of pollutants at various SOx & NO2 thereby affecting the ambient distances from the source in order to air quality. assess and evaluate possible air quality impacts that may arise from the combined DG set and flaring operation. B. Laying of Pipeline Trenching and Boring, Dust will also be generated due to Regular water sprinkling will be done manifold installation excavation and trenching, back filling to avoid dust generation during laying activities for pipeline laying which will of pipeline. deteriorate surrounding air quality leading to contribute to additional air pollution.
4.2.3 Air Quality Index Air Quality Index (AQI) is one such tool for effective dissemination of air quality information to people. There
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 87 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) are six AQI categories, namely Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very Poor, and Severe. The proposed AQI will consider eight pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, NH3, and Pb) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly averaging period) National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed. Based on the measured ambient concentrations, corresponding standards and likely health impact, a sub-index is calculated for each of these pollutants. The worst sub-index reflects overall AQI. AQI to be calculated by using the pollutant concentration data, the following table, and the following equation (linear interpolation):
Where, Ip = the index for pollutant p Cp = the rounded concentration of pollutant p BPHi = the breakpoint that is greater than or equal to Cp BPLo = the breakpoint that is less than or equal to Cp BPHi = the breakpoint that is greater than or equal to Cp IHi = the AQI value corresponding to BPHi ILo = the AQI value corresponding to BPLo Table 4.6: AQI Categories Air Quality index Levels of health Description Color (AQI) values concern 0 – 50 Good Minimal Impact Dark Green Minor breathing discomfort to sensitive 51 - 100 Satisfactory Light Green people Breathing discomfort to the people 101 – 150 Moderate with Lung, heart disease, children and Lemon Yellow other adults. Breathing discomfort to people on 151- 200 Poor Yellow prolonged exposure Respiratory illness to the people on 201 – 300 Very Poor Red prolonged exposure Respiratory effects even on healthy 301 - 500 Severe Brown people. Source: Central Pollution control board series CUPS/8z/2014-15
SUB INDEX S.No. Locations AQI PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx CO 1. KHBE 53 40 8 18 19 53 2. GOAF 53 40 7 21 19 53 3. KUNJD-2 52 45 8 19 19 52 4. KUAD 47 42 7 21 17 47 5. ADDO 57 45 8 21 18 57 6. ADAP 50 39 7 20 19 50 7. RODI_AGT 49 39 7 20 20 49 8. MNKD_11 48 43 8 20 20 48 SDDA_agt 9. 51 45 8 19 18 51 SDAC 10. SNDA_sub 51 44 8 18 20 51
The AQI for 5 parameters has been calculated for running 24-hr averages. It can be seen that for pollutants air quality is good. From the above representative table of air quality index for 10 km radius of wells, responsible parameter for pollution is PM10. Maximum AQI and responsible parameter for pollution are recorded in ADDO well area is PM10 with satisfactory impact.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 88 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 4.2.4 Air Modeling Study For the atmospheric dispersion modeling study, United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) approved the Industrial Source Complex Short Term (ISCST3-version 3) and also it is recommended by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC), New Delhi, which is applied to predict ground level incremental concentrations (GLCs) of concerned critical pollutants. Prior to air quality modeling exercise, meteorological condition during one season over project site is extensively studied and were also compared with secondary data from the government sources. Concentrations are estimated for the critical pollutants assessed over appropriate averaging times (i.e. 8 hours and 24 hours) based on the applicability of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). To assess the impact of air emissions from various continuous point sources, air dispersion Modeling study has been conducted with the help of Industrial Source Complex Short Term Model (ISCST3) version 5.0 model of AermodCloudTM developed by Envitrans Infosolution Pvt. Ltd.
Model Setup Detailed model set up is given in the following table:
Parameters for ISCST3 S.No. Parameter Details 1. Madel Name ISCST3 2. Software Name AermodCloudTM 3. Model Type Steady state Gaussian plume air dispersion model 4. Topography Rural, Plain terrain 5. Average Time 24 hours 6. Source Type Point source 7. Boundary Limits 10 km X 10 km 8. Co-Ordinates System Polar grid 9. Anemometer 10 m Site specific data processed by AERMET 10. Surface Meteorology Data
Model Input Data The air pollution caused by the gaseous emissions from a stack is a local phenomenon. Its impact will occur at a distance ranging from within the immediate vicinity of the stack to 1 km away from the stack. To evaluate the impact on air quality following data is required to input in simulation. Co-ordinates (X and Y) of sampling location within study area Micro-metrological data such as Cloud Cover, Temp (°C), Relative Humidity(%), Wind Direction(deg), Wind Speed(km/h), mixing height for study period (Oct– 2018 to Dec– 2018)
The predicted incremental Ground Level Concentrations (GLCs) for SPM, SO2 and Nox, likely to be contributed by the proposed project are given below: Ground Level Concentration value Incremental Location 3 X Coordinate Y Coordinate Distance (m) Direction GLC (μg/m ) Particulate Matter (PM) GOAF 0.25 348379 2571582 1657 SSE (158°) KHBE 0.10 414625 2681360 1532 E (82°) Sulphur dioxide (SO2) GOAF 0.18 348379 2571582 1657 SSE (158°) KHBE 0.08 414625 2681360 1532 E (82°) Oxide of Nitrogen (NOx) GOAF 0.54 348379 2571582 1657 SSE (158°) KHBE 0.35 414625 2681360 1532 E (82°)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 89 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Isopleths of PM of location GOAF
Isopleths of SO2 of location GOAF
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Isopleths of NOx of location GOAF
Isopleths of PM of location KHBE
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Isopleths of SO2 of location KHBE
Isopleths of NOx of location KHBE 4.2.5 Water Environment Table 4.7: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Water Environment Project Activity Aspect/Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Spillage of chemical & oil Accidental spillage of chemical & oil All chemical and fuel storage areas, can cause significant pollution to water process areas will have proper bunds bodies especially ponds and lakes if so that contaminated run-off cannot
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4.2.6 Soil Environment Table 4.8: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Soil Environment Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Spillage of chemical & oil Accidental Spillage of oil will impact on Manage spill of contaminants on soil the soil characteristics. using spill kits. B. Laying of Pipeline Site clearance and top soil Generation of soil during topsoil The soil dug during trenching will be removal removal, trenching and boring may lead reused for concealing after laying the Trenching and Boring, to loss soil of if not handled properly. pipelines. manifold installation Top soil removed will be used at plantation area hence impact significance is low.
4.2.7 Noise Environment Table 4.9: Impact and Mitigation Measures on Noise Environment Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Operation of DG sets and Generation of Noise from operation of Signages shall be displayed to machineries compressors, circulation pumps and demarcate high noise areas; generators will increase noise level of In high noise generating areas work place as well as nearby there will be compulsory use of settlement. PPEs like earplugs and earmuffs; Prolonged exposure to high noise areas will be prevented by job rotation. Acoustic enclosures and mufflers shall be provided for DG sets; Regular maintenance of equipment and machinery shall be carried out to minimize noise levels; Noise and vibration controls shall be provided on machinery deployed in the facilities; Occupational noise monitoring shall be carried out at periodic intervals. B. Laying of Pipeline Trenching and Boring, manifold Trenching and boring shall have Well maintained equipment and installation additional noise pollution impact for a machineries will be used for the short period of time on workers and trenching and boring. nearby settlement. Activity shall carried during the day time only.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 93 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 4.2.8 Land Use Table 4.10: Impact on Land Cover/ Land Use Environment and its Mitigation Measures Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Setting up of surface facilities like well manifold, GCS will not take place in eco-sensitive place. Also, the route of pipeline will not go through any forest land/wildlife sanctuaries. Hence, there will be no impact on wildlife neither any major change in land use will occur and the impact will be negligible. B. Laying of Pipeline Trenching and Boring, The pipeline will doesn‟t cross any Proper engineering control must be manifold installation major river but will cross several small adopted as mitigation measures so that streams that are not more than 5m in the flow and the course of the stream width. The flow and course of the will not be altered. streams will not be altered during laying of pipeline.
4.2.9 Hydro geology No any adverse impact on Hydro-geology due to project activity.
4.2.10 Geology No any adverse impact on geology due to project activity.
4.2.11 Solid/Hazardous Wastes Table 4.12: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Solid/ Hazardous Wastes Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures Trenching and Boring, Construction debris will contaminate Construction debris will be stored manifold installation soil quality and surface water quality if separately and will be used for land care not taken during storage. leveling wherever required in the study area.
4.2.12 Risk and Occupational Hazards Table 4.13: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Risk & Hazard Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures A. Operation of GCS Flaring of Gas Cold venting of gases will cause health There shall be no intentional cold venting Spillage/ leakage of impacts to the workforce and the people as per the design of the well pad facility. All chemical, oil & gas staying in the surrounding villages. vent gases will be route to the flare. Uncontrolled fire may lead damage to All safety measures will be adopted to the surrounding villages and also may ensure safe shutdown of the wells and cause major explosion due to the operation facilities to avoid any leakage to presence of oil and gas. the atmosphere. GCS will have necessary firefighting provisions such as heat & smoke detectors, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers etc. B. Laying of Pipeline Trenching and Boring, Hit or cut injury to worker during the Appropriate PPE‟s will be provided to the manifold installation trenching and boring activity. workers also it‟s use will be ensured. Influx of migrant labours during trenching Develop mechanism for disposal of Bio- and boring can cause mixing of the medical waste as per the best Industry migrant workforce with the local people. practices. This mixing of the groups has the potential of spread of infectious diseases like AIDS.
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4.2.14 Socio-Economic Table 4.15: Impact and Mitigation Measures due to Socio-Economic Project Activity Impact Mitigation Measures Trenching and Boring, Indirect employment generation to the First preference will be given to local manifold installation local contractor for installation of flow contractor of surrounding villages for Sourcing & lines, facilities, transportation of pipes job. and plantation. transportation of pipes etc. Plantation activity
Table 4.16: Environmental Impact Matrix with Mitigation
Activities Environmental Attributes
SE
Air EB
Soil
SHW
Total
Noise Noise
Water
Hydro Hydro
LU/LC
Risk & Risk
geology Hazards Geology A. Operation of GCS Flaring of Gas -2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 0 0 -4 Operation of DG sets and machineries -2 0 0 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -5 Spillage/ leakage of chemical, oil & gas 0 -2 -2 0 0 0 0 0 -4 0 0 -8 B. Laying of Pipeline and Facilities Site clearance and top soil removal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Trenching and Boring, manifold installation -3 0 0 -2 -3 0 0 0 -6 -3 6 -11 Sourcing & transportation of pipes etc. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -2 4 2 Plantation Activity 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 9 Cumulative score -7 -2 -2 -5 -3 0 0 0 -12 3 11 -17
Highest cumulative score (+11) received in Socio economic environmental parameter. Achieved highest total score (+9) for Plantation activity. Total cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters without mitigation measures was -106 while after taking mitigation measures as suggested by the various experts and studies; the score was reduced and increased towards positive upto -17. This shows no appreciable beneficial impact on various environmental parameters due to proposed project as majority of the activities are temporary hence impact is for short period of time.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 95 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 4.3 SUMMARY Possible impacts on land environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, biological environment, socioeconomic environment and risk and hazard is been introduced and briefed in the chapter with their mitigation measures for production of wells. Matrix study and its representation has also been carried out and briefed in chapter. Total Cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters without mitigation measures is - 106 which is not appreciable adverse impact Score. Total Cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters with mitigation measures is -17 shows no appreciable beneficial impact on various environmental parameters due to proposed project as majority of the activities are temporary hence impact is for short period of time. AQI of 8 locations is recorded satisfactory in study area. From the overall study and evaluation of impacts, it can be concluded that the overall negative impacts from various activities on different environmental parameters is negligible with proper EMP in place.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 4 96 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE)
5.1 GENERAL The analysis of alternatives with respect to technology and site provides the information on alternatives of various parameters of developments, land, machinery, transportation, recruitment, technology to be utilized. 5.2 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA AND JUSTIFICATION As this project is of Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells; hence not alternative for site has been analyzed for this project. 5.3 ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGY AND OTHER PARAMETERS During EIA study some alternatives for technology and other parameters were considered and are discussed below: Table 5.1: Alternative for Technology and other Parameters Alternative Alternative # Site Particular Remarks Option 1 Option 2 Preferred automated machineries. Benefits: Developmental 1. Automated Manual Reduce human error. Technology Reduce chances of accidents. Reduced direct human labour cost and expenses. Local employment for workers as availability in the area. 2. Employment Outsource Local Benefits: Provides employment to local people to enhance livelihood of villagers. Pipelines Natural gas will be transported through Pipelines 3. Transportation Pipeline Trucks Benefits: Cost effective No accidental risk HSD is/will be used as fuel for DG set. Benefits: 4. Fuel HSD Natural Gas Easy availability from nearby sources.
5.4 SUMMARY This project is of Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells; hence not alternative for site has been analyzed for this project.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 5 97 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 POST PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING Environmental monitoring describes the processes and activities that need to take place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment. It is an essential tool for sustainable development and ensuring effective implementation of environmental management plan and mitigation measures adopted. It also updates the environmental management system for effective conservation of environment in-line with the ongoing project activities/operation. Hence, monitoring of critical parameters of environmental quality is very essential in the routine activity schedule of the project operation. The specific aspects of the environment to be studied are determined by environmental objectives and environmental legislation. The purpose of environmental monitoring is to assess the progress made to achieve given environmental objectives and to help detect new environmental issues.
6.2 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE OF MITIGATION MEASURES The mitigation measures suggested in Chapter 4 shall be implemented so as to reduce the impact on environment due to the operation of the proposed project. In order to facilitate easy implementation of mitigation measures, these are phased as per the priority implementation as given in Table 6.1. Table 6.1: Implementation Schedule for Monitoring Program S. Recommendations Time Requirement Schedule No. 1. Air Pollution Control Measures Before and during the production Immediate Water Pollution Control Measures (Ground Before and during the production Immediate 2. water & Surface water) 3. Noise Control Measures Along with the production Immediate Before production Immediate & 4. Soil Conservation Progressive 5. Geology Before the production Progressive Working environment of Employee Immediate & 6. Work Zone during the production. Progressive For welfare of nearby community Immediate & 7. CER/CSR during production Progressive 8. Occupational Health Surveillance During the production Immediate 9. Ecological Change Detection During the production Progressive
6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING The environment monitoring during operation of the drilling and Explorations of wells shall be conducted as follows: Ambient Air quality; Water (Ground & Surface) and wastewater quality; Ambient Noise levels; Corporate Environmental Responsibility; Occupational Health Surveillance. A centralized environment monitoring cell has been established for this project. Monitoring of important and crucial environment parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment during Conversion of 37 Explorations wells. With the knowledge of baseline conditions, the monitoring program can serve as an indicator for any deterioration in environment conditions due to operation unit and suitable steps could be taken due in time to protect the environment. Monitoring is as important as that of control of pollution since the efficiency of control measures can only be determined by monitoring.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 6 98 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
6.3.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring of ambient air quality will be carried at selected location as per guideline. Ambient air quality monitoring (AAQM) will be carried out for PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2, Methane & Non methane hydro carbon and VOCs etc. for compliance with prescribed limits of CPCB / SPCB. Meteorological parameters like wind speed, wind direction, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall will be recorded continuously to check the weather condition.
6.3.2 Noise Levels Noise levels in the work zone environment and ambient will be monitored regularly. The frequency of noise monitoring will be once in a month in the work zone. The ambient noise levels in the surrounding villages will be monitored fortnightly basis.
6.3.3 Solid / Hazardous Waste Generation & Utilization Management of wastes shall be done as per Hazardous and other waste (Management and Trans- boundary Movement), Rules 2016 of Environment Protection Act, 1986.The EMC will monitor and keep a record of the following: Generation of hazardous wastes Disposal of hazardous waste.
6.3.4 Housekeeping and Work Place Monitoring The aim of Environmental Management Cell (EMC) is to keep a very close monitoring of the housekeeping activities and organize regular meetings with site personnel and management. Workplace monitoring will be carried out as per statutory requirement.
6.3.5 Occupational Health & Safety Routine medical examination of personnel will be carried out at regular intervals of all workers to determine any changes in health condition due to the working conditions. Pre- medical check-up will be carried out at the time of employment. Records related to occupational health check-up will be maintained regularly.
Table 6.2: Monitoring Schedule for Environmental Parameter– During Production S. Important Monitoring Monitoring Particulars Location No. Parameters Frequency As per MoEF&CC As per CCA and 1. Ambient Air Quality At Developmental wells /CPCB/SPCB. previous EC Water bodies within Surface water Quality As per MoEF&CC As per CCA and the radius of 1 km from the 2. (if available) /CPCB/SPCB. previous EC Developmental wells As per MoEF&CC As per CCA and 3. Ground water Quality At Developmental wells /CPCB/SPCB. previous EC At Developmental wells, As per MoEF&CC As per CCA and near 4. Noise Levels /CPCB/SPCB. previous EC DG sets and pumps. As per MoEF&CC As per CCA and 5. Soil Quality At Developmental wells /CPCB/SPCB. previous EC.
6.4 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES Sample for environment monitoring will be collected as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC/CPCB/SPCB. The method followed will be recommended/standard method approved/recommended by MoEF&CC/CPCB.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 6 99 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 6.3: Method of Environmental Sampling and Analysis Methods Attributes Sampling/Preservation Analysis/data analysis Air Environment Ambient air quality As per IS: 5182, CPCB & AWMA. As per IS:5182,CPCB & AWMA Noise As per CPCB Guidelines Survey carried out as per CPCB guideline. Water Ground Water Standard Methods for Examination of IS 3025 & Standard Methods for Surface Water / Water and Wastewater, 22nd edition, Examination of Water and Wastewater, Marine Water APHA 2012. 22nd edition, APHA 2012. IS 2720, Soil Testing in India IS 2720, Laboratory developed Method as Soil Quality (Department of Agriculture & per NABL requirement and Book - Soil Cooperation). Testing in India (Department of Agriculture & Cooperation).
6.5 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY Occupational health and safety is closely related to productivity and good employer- employee relationship. The main factors of occupational health in development are noise and fire hazard. Provision of rest shelters for workers with amenities like drinking water, toilets etc. Provision of personal protective equipment to the workers; Rotation of workers exposed to noise premises; Dust suppression; First-aid facilities in the site. Occupational Health Survey of the employees will be carried out at regular intervals.
6.6 DOCUMENTATION & RECORDS The environmental department in respect of operation of pollution control facility will maintain following records: Instruction manual for operation and maintenance of pollution control, Log sheet for self-monitoring of pollution control, Instruction manual for monitoring of gaseous parameters and hazardous waste management, Monthly, quarterly and annual progress reports, Medical checkup reports of employees.
6.7 BUDGETARY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ONGC had allocated Rs. 10.00 lakhs/annum for regular post project environment monitoring program. 6.8 SUMMARY Monitoring of important and crucial environment parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment during conversion of 37 exploration wells. Sample for environment monitoring will be collected as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC/CPCB/SPCB. ONGC has allocated Rs 10.00 Lakhs/Annum for regular post project environment monitoring program.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 6 100 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 GENERAL This is a Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline. During operation of wells there may be chances of damage to nearby area and properties due to any possible accident while handling natural gas. Small accident, near miss in pipelines may lead to high impact accident if not handled with proper mitigation measures in time. Hence to understand the possible hazards, impacts and their control measures of flammable gas on the study area Quantitative Risk Assessment has been done along with the Disaster Management Plan (DMP). 7.2 PUBLIC HEARING
7.2.1 Public hearing details of Sepahijala held on 30/09/2020 As per the mandate, the Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) has organized Public Hearing for the Proposed Project namely “Conversion of 37 Exploratory Wells into Development Wells & laying of associated flow lines involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundal bari and pipeline at District North Tripura” of Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd., Tripura Asset at Gakulnagar on 30/09/2020 with the local peoples of 2(two) villages namely Debipur & Gopalnagar. The copy of public hearing proceedings attached as Annexure. The issues raised during public hearing is given in Table 7.1.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 30/08/2020, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 30/08/2020 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.1. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.2.
The Telegraph (30/08/2020) Syandan Patrika (30/08/2020) Figure 7.1 Advertisement in News Papers for Public notice
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 101 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Village Resident raising Question ADM/Collector talking to Villagers Figure 7.2 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Subhasis Bandopadhay, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, Sepahijala District has presided over the entire Public hearing proceedings. Apart from the Additional District Magistrate & Collector and local people of Debipur & Gopalnagar villages other officials were present in the public hearing. During the discussion with the villagers of Debipur & Gopalnagar villages, no such adverse comments/ view/ objection have been received. However local people of Debipur & Gopalnagar villages have raised the following issues as a demand based on their local requirement. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.1.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 102 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Table 7.1: Issues raised during Public Hearing (30/09/2020) - Sepahijala
Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Plan Fund Allocation No. Address PP/Representative Officer Shri. Mantu Pointed out that the damage Shri Sunil Bhagat GM CSR team from ONGC Rs. 2.20 Lakh will be Debbarma, Debipur cause on ponds and rubber (D) Head HSE, Oil and Ltd. will do the field visit allocated for plantation at the time of drilling Natural Gas Corporation for noting damage Community Toilet should be compensated by the Ltd. Tripura Asset severity and for setting and drinking water at ONGC Ltd. assured the local people the budget for Canania Bazar. Also Requested ONGC Ltd. to that they will provide Compensation under setup community toilet and a necessary supports to CSR. 1. -- drinking water facility in the set up Community Toilet, ONGC Ltd. shall set up Canania Bazar as there is no Drinking water facility, community toilet and Community Toilet and drinking Passenger Shed, Solar drinking water facility water facility in the said market. street light and Health under CER after sub centre in Canania receiving request from Market under the CSR the district fund. administration. Shri Bishnu Pal, S/o Informed that during the drilling Also assured that the CSR team from ONGC Rs. 1.00 Lakh will be Shree Jogesh Pal period of some exploratory wells maintenance of the Ltd. will do the field visit allocated for Books and Shri Nani Gopal under the Debipur village, the road Roads from Kamlasagar for noting damage and study material Debnath, S/o Shri from Kamalasagar to Adarsha to Adarsha colony and severity of road from distribution. Harendra Chhandra Colony was damaged due to Pandit Chowmuhani to Kamalasagar to Adarsha Debnath, Debipur movement of heavy vehicles of Tezpata Chowmuhani Colony due to movement ONGC Ltd. which should will also be done from of heavy vehicles of recovered to the earlier physical the available CSR fund. ONGC Ltd and then will form by immediate maintenance. set budget under CSR Shri Pal also requested ONGC for physical recovery of 2. Ltd. to set up one Health Sub -- road. centre for the benefit of local ONGC Ltd. will set people. budget for provision of As the villagers are very poor Sri Health Sub center after Pal further requested ONGC Ltd. receiving estimate to provide books and some study through the District materials to the students of his Administration. locality. ONGC Ltd. will provide book and study material to the students of Debipur under CER.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 103 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Plan Fund Allocation No. Address PP/Representative Officer Shri Nani Gopal Has demanded to provide one ONGC Ltd. shall provide 0.50 Lakh will be Debnath Passenger shed and solar street passenger shed and allocated for Light in the Canania market for solar street light in the passenger shed and public convenience. Canania market under Rs.2 Lakh for solar 3. -- CER after receiving street light. estimate for installation and maintenance through the District Administration. Shri Ratan Raised the issue of maintenance CSR team from ONGC Rs. 2.00 Lakh will be Dasgupta, S/o Shri of the road from Pandit Ltd. will do the field visit allocated for Surendra Dasgupta, Chowmuhani to Tezpata to understand damage Community Toilet Gakulnagar Chowmuhani. severity of road from and Rs. 2.00 Lakh Also raised the requirement for Pandit Chowmuhani to Solar Street light at one community toilet and Solar Tezpata Chowmuhani Gakulnagar market. Street light in the Gakulnagar due to movement of . market. heavy vehicles of ONGC Ltd and then will set budget under CSR for physical recovery of road. ONGC Ltd. shall set up 4. -- community toilet and Solar Street light in the Gakulnagar market after receiving estimate for installation and maintenance through the District Administration. ONGC shall follow the CSR/CER rules and do the needful after receiving proposal through the District Administration.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 104 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
7.2.2 Public hearing details of Sepahijala held on 06/11/2020 Public hearing for the proposed Project of “Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura” by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. was organized by Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) at Sepahijala District for four villages i.e. Prabhapur, Nalchar, Khedabari & Bejimara in the proposed venue on 06/11/2020.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 04/10/2020, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 05/10/2020 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.3. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.4.
The Telegraph (05/10/2020) Syandan Patrika (04/10/2020) Figure 7.3 Advertisement in News Papers for Public notice
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 105 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Village Resident raising Question Project Proponent answering to Villagers
Figure 7.4 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Subhasis Bandopadhay, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, Sepahijala Tripura and Smt Aparajita Das, Assistant Environmental Engineer were present as representatives of District Magistrate and Collector, Sepahijala Tripura and Tripura State Pollution Control Board respectively. Shri Subhasis Bandopadhay, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, Sepahijala District, in his speech, discussed about the beneficial aspects of the proposed project. Shri Bandopadhay urged the ONGC Limited to follow the laid down safety procedures and environmental norms so as to minimize the adverse environmental impact of the project and also emphasized on CSR Activities. Shri Bandopadhay also requested local people to extend co-operation to the ONGC Limited to meet the objectives of the project. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.2.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 106 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.2: Issues raised during Public Hearing (06/11/2020) - Sepahijala Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Taken Budget No. Address PP/Representative Officer Shri. Badal Raised requirement/ demand of Informed that it can be CSR team from ONGC Debbarma, S/o: Shri market shed at Gabardi market for done as a part of CSR Ltd. shall visit the Surja Kumar his community. activity and suggested Gabardi market and will Debbarma, Gabardi that the proposal shall set budget for market Bazar have to be submitted to after receiving estimate the ONGC Ltd. through through Block 1. -- -- Block development development officer/ officer/ Sub divisional Sub divisional magistrate/ District magistrate/ District Magistrate & Collector Magistrate & Collector. for taking necessary action. Shri Ranjit Debbarma, Pointed out the problem of Informed that no further CSR team from ONGC Rabichandrapara, damage of houses, paddy lands drilling activity in this Ltd. will do the field visit Prabhapur village etc. and its compensation regime. project will be done and for noting damage Also shown deep concern about informed that conversion severity due to drilling the noise pollution and discharge of exploratory wells into activities and then will of liquid waste. development wells & set the budget for laying of associated flow Compensation under lines etc. will be done. CSR. However ONGC Ltd. will Employment be liable to pay advertisement will be compensation if any published in local damage to public newspaper for 2. property is caused by -- employment whenever -- their activities. required. Informed that they will carry out extensive CSR activities and suggested that the specific proposal shall have to be submitted to the ONGC Ltd. through Block Development Officer/ Sub Divisional Magistrate/ District Magistrate & Collector
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 107 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Taken Budget No. Address PP/Representative Officer for taking necessary action. Also informed that they will generate local employment and local unskilled labours will be deployed whenever required. Shri Bidhu Bhusan Informed that during the different Informed that medical CSR team from ONGC Rs. 0.75 Lakhs will be Debbarma, S/o: Shri activities of ONGC Ltd., the local camp can be arranged Ltd. will do survey of allocated for medical Hari Kumar roads were broken and it requires for the local people. need base assessment camp. Debbarma, Prabhapur immediate maintenance. The facility of community for Prabhapur village village Shri Debbarama put his demand drinking water and and then will set the for the recruitment of one security construction of boundary budget for broken personnel locally to report the walls of the said schools roads, construction of accidents immediately to the in the village may be boundaries of the appropriate authority. provided as a part of schools namely Also raised requirement of local CSR activity and Telarban School and employment, extensive CSR suggested that to submit Gabardi H.S school activities, Ambulance for the proposal in this under CSR after Prabhapur Village and regard to the ONGC Ltd. receiving the estimate construction of boundaries of the through Block through Block Development Officer/ Development Officer/ 3. schools namely Telarban School -- and Gabardi H.S school and Sub divisional Sub divisional drinking water facility for the Magistrate/ District Magistrate/ District people of Prabhapur village. Magistrate & Collector Magistrate & Collector. for taking necessary Employment action. advertisement will be Also informed that they published in local will consider the issue of newspaper for local employment and recruitment of Security local unskilled workers personnel locally and may engaged when employment whenever required. required. Medical camp will be arranged for the local people of Prabhapur village. 4. Shri Jiban Debbarma, Raise the requirement of Informed that ONGC Ltd. -- CSR team from ONGC -- Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 108 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Taken Budget No. Address PP/Representative Officer S/o: Shri Sukdeb construction of building shed for will be liable to pay Ltd. will do the survey Debbarma, Harikanta his NGO namely Harikanta compensation if any at Harikanta Para Para village Welfare Society and also ask damage to public village to note damage about the compensation regime property is caused by caused during the for damage caused during the their activities as per activities of ONGC Ltd. survey activities of ONGC Ltd. rule. and then will do the many years back. Construction of building compensation. shed for any particular NGO could not be covered through CSR scheme. Representative also requested to local people to report the damage to ONGC Ltd. for taking necessary action. Shri Ramkrishna Informed that during the different Informed that no such CSR team from ONGC Debbrma, S/o: Shri seismic survey activities of ONGC survey will be carried out Ltd. will do the survey Budhu Debbarma, Ltd. at 2012, few mud wall houses again. However, if any at Debendara Para to Debendra para village were damaged. Now Shri damage caused by note damage caused Debbarma has shown deep ONGC Ltd. they will be during the different 5. concern weather such seismic liable to pay the -- seismic survey -- survey will be done again or not. compensation. activities of ONGC Ltd. at 2012 and then will do the compensation as per the local administration rule. Shri Bhagirath Raised the requirement of Suggested the local ONGC Ltd. will provide Rs. 1.00 Lakh will be Debbarma, S/o: Lt. drinking water and also to provide people to submit the Blankets and mosquito allocated for drinking Malindra Debbarma, blanket & Mosquito net for the proposal in this regard to nets at Harikanta Para water facility. Harikanta Para inhabitants of Harikanta para and the ONGC Ltd. through village Under CER. Rs. 1.00 Lakh will be Ramchandra para. Block Development 6. -- ONGC Ltd. will provide allocated for blankets Officer/ Sub divisional the drinking water and mosquito nets Magistrate/ District facility under CER. Magistrate & Collector for taking necessary action. Shri Jayanta Raised the requirement of market Suggested the local CSR team from ONGC Rs. 1.00 Lakh will be 7. -- Debbarma, S/o: Shri shed at Gabardi market and water people to submit the Ltd. shall visit the allocated for water Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 109 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Reply by S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Concerned Action Taken Budget No. Address PP/Representative Officer Kumar Debbarma, supply facility at Bipinsadhu Para proposal in this regard to Gabardi market and will supply facility. Prabhapur the ONGC Ltd. through set budget under CSR Block Development as per the requirement Officer/ Sub divisional after receiving estimate Magistrate/ District through Block Magistrate & Collector Development Officer/ for taking necessary Sub divisional action. Magistrate/ District Magistrate & Collector. ONGC Ltd. will provide the drinking water facility under CER. Shri Subudh Raised the requirement for Suggested the local CSR team from ONGC Debbarma, S/o: Shri repairing of road connecting people to submit the Ltd. will do the field visit Ratan Debbarma Gabbardi Chowmuhani to proposal in this regard to of road connecting Prabhapur Kanchanmala road. the ONGC Ltd. through Gabbardi Chowmuhani Block Development to Kanchanmala road Officer/ Sub divisional and then will set budget Magistrate/ District under CSR repairing of 8. -- -- Magistrate & Collector road after receiving for taking necessary estimate through Block action. Development Officer/ Sub divisional Magistrate/ District Magistrate & Collector.
ONGC shall follow the CSR/CER rules and do the needful after receiving proposal through the District Administration.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 110 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
7.2.3 Public hearing details of Gomati held on 10/02/2021 Public hearing for the proposed Project of “Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura” by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. was organized by Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) at Kakraban, Gomati District for two locations on 10/02/2021.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 09/01/2021, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 10/01/2021 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.5. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.6.
Dainik Sambad (09/01/2021) Syandan Patrika (09/01/2021)
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 111 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
The Telegraph (10/01/2021)
Figure 7.5 Advertisement in News Papers for Public notice
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Village Resident raising Question Proponent answering to Villagers
Figure 7.6 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Arun Kr Roy, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, Gomati district, Tripura, Sri Abhijit Das, Block development officer, Kakraban RD block and Sri Amarendara Jamatia-Assistant Environmental Engineer Tripura State Pollution Control, Shri Dipak Rudra Pal-Jr. Scientist, Sunil Bhagat – GM (D) –Head HSE ONGC and Shri Prasenjit Das-Environment Consultant were present. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.3.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 112 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.3: Issues raised during Public Hearing (10.02.2021)-Gomati S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Shri Nikhil Chandra Pointed out that the damage Representative of ONGC Ltd. CSR team from Saha, S/o: Late caused on his land at the time informed that they will take ONGC Ltd. will do Dasarath Saha, of laying of gas pipeline from necessary action in the field visit for Kakraban Sonamura to Kakraban, four connection with the land noting damage years back, should be damage done during laying of severity and for developed to its original shape gas pipeline from Sonamura setting the budget 1. and texture. Also requested to Kakraban four years back. -- for developing it to -- ONGC Ltd. to take initiative for And the representative of its original shape. providing domestic gas pipeline ONGC Ltd. also informed that in the house of people residing the facility for providing in Kakraban. domestic gas pipeline supply does not come under the purview of ONGC Ltd. Shri Gopal Datta, Informed that few years back, Representative of ONGC Ltd The ADM Gomati CSR team from S/o: Shri M. Datta, during some seismic survey the informed that ONGC Ltd. will District informed ONGC Ltd. will do Kakraban mud wall houses of few be liable to pay the that ONGC Ltd. the field visit for villagers were damaged and compensation, if any damage will be liable to noting damage of these should be compensated caused to the mud wall pay the mud wall houses by the ONGC Ltd. houses due to their activities. compensation, if of few villagers The district administration and any damage due to seismic 2. ONGC Ltd will take up the caused to the mud activities. -- issue. Moreover, the wall houses due to Adequate budget representatives of the ONGC their activities. The will be allotted for Ltd. assured that they will pay district compensation of compensation to each administration and damage. individual for using/ acquiring ONGC Ltd will private land for laying of gas take up the issue. flow lines. Shri Priyatosh Informed that few years back, The Representative of ONGC Employment Sarkar, S/o: Shri ONGC Ltd. has acquired his Ltd informed that unskilled advertisement will Sashimohan Sarkar, land and also paid requisite local workers are being be published in Kakraban amount of compensation. Shri engaged by ONGC Ltd. But local newspaper Sarkar assured to extend the permanent employment of for employment 3. -- -- friendly and helping hand to the technical personals are being whenever required ONGC Ltd. to meet the done through ONGC Ltd. as and first objectives of the project. Also per the prevailing terms and preference will be requested ONGC Ltd. to conditions as and when given to local provide local employment. required. villager based on
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 113 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer their skills and education. Shri Biswajit Saha Raised the demand of The representative of ONGC of Kakraban construction of Goddess Ltd. informed that this 4. Manasha Temple in the proposal may not be covered ------Kakraban Market. under CSR scheme of ONGC Ltd. Shri Shib Das Banik Informed that some school of Representative of ONGC Ltd. From CER fund of Kakraban his locality has been facilitated informed that the same can ONGC Ltd. will with study materials and be taken up through their provide required benches assured to extend CSR Scheme. Therefore they fund for the friendly and helping hand to the have requested Shri Banik to Kakraban bus ONGC Ltd to meet the submit the proposal along station shed and 8 0.50 Lakhs has been objectives of the project. Shri with estimate through the no‟s Angan Wadi allocated for the shed 5. -- Banik requested ONGC Ltd. to District Administration to Centre for study at Kakraban bus set up some passenger shed at ONGC Ltd for taking further materials and station. Kakraban and maintenance of course of action. benches after 8 no‟s Angan Wadi Centre receiving estimate (AWC). through the District Administration to ONGC Ltd. Smt BhabaniDas, Raised the demand for The representative of ONGC From CER fund Kakraban providing table & chair for 8 Ltd. informed that they are ONGC Ltd. will Angan Wadi Centres (AWCs) agreed to provide chair and provide required under Panchayet Samiti. table to Anganwadi Centres fund for 8 no‟s through CSR Scheme subject Angan Wadi to submission of proposal Centre under 6. along with estimate through -- Panchayet Samiti -- the District Administration to for table & ONGC Ltd for taking further benches after course of action. receiving estimate through the District Administration to ONGC Ltd. Shri Sunil Bhagat, Assured the local peoples CSR team from GM (D)- Head HSE, about the necessary safety ONGC Ltd. shall ONGC Ltd. measures to be taken during carry need base 7. -- -- the operation of this project. assessment in the Also assured that they will surrounding provide necessary supports to villages to meet up Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 114 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer meet up the demands of local the demands of people as per CSR Act. local people as per CSR Act. Specific budget will be allocated. ONGC shall follow the CSR/CER rules and do the needful after receiving proposal through the District Administration.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 115 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
7.2.4 Public hearing details of South Tripura held on 18/02/2021 Public hearing for the proposed Project of “Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura” by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. was organized by Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) at Harishyamukh Panchayat Samiti Hall, South Tripura District for two locations on 18/02/2021.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 09/01/2021, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 10/01/2021 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.5. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.7.
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Village Resident raising Question Presence of Villagers
Figure 7.7 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Suresh Ch. Das, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, South Tripura District, Tripura, Sri Amarendara Jamatia-Assistant Environmental Engineer Tripura State Pollution Control, Shri Dipak Rudra Pal-Jr. Scientist, Shri. Sunil Bhagat – GM (D) –Head HSE ONGC and Shri Prasenjit Das-Environment Consultant were present. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.4.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 116 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.4: Issues raised during Public Hearing (18.02.2021) – South Tripura S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Shri Apar Sarkar, Raised the demand for Employment Rs. 2.0 Lakhs will be North Sarashima providing local employment, advertisement will be allocated for Solar drinking water facility, musical published in local street light for Sarkar instrument and solar street newspaper for locality. lights for his locality. Also employment Rs. 1.0 Lakhs will be demanded for repairing of the whenever required allocated for providing connecting road between and first preference drinking water facility Ashipur to Uttar Sunaichari. will be given to local at Sarkar locality. based on skills and education. ONGC Ltd. will set up the budget under CSR for musical instrument after receiving the estimate for the same through the District Administration 1. -- -- ONGC Ltd. will provide drinking water facility and solar street lights under CER after receiving estimate for installation and maintenance. ONGC Ltd. shall provide fund under CSR for repairing of the connecting road between Ashipur to Uttar Sunaichari as per the instruction received from the District Administration. Shri Nirmal Nama Desired to know the status of The official of ONGC Ltd. 2. ------of North the land which has been informed that the said land
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 117 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Sarashima acquired by ONGC Ltd prior to was already acquired drilling of the said unit. through District administration as per prevailing Rules & Regulation after payment of due compensation to the land owner. Shri Srikrishna Raised the demand for The Representative of the Debnath of North repairing of Kalibari Temple ONGC Ltd. informed that Sarashima located in his locality. the said proposal may not 3. ------be covered through their CSR Scheme as per Acts & Rules. Shri Tapan Raised the demand for ONGC Ltd. will set Rs. 2 Lakhs will be Rakshit of North providing 100 nos benches for budget to provide 100 allocated for 10 nos. Sarashima Hrishyamukh H.S School and nos. benches for of computers. 10 computers for Hrishyamukh Hrishyamukh H.S Girls School. School after receiving estimate through the 4. District Administration. ONGC Ltd. shall provide 10 computers for Hrishyamukh Girls School under CER. Shri Rajib Sarkar Raised the demand for ONGC Ltd. will set of North providing School Bags and budget to provide Sarashima study materials for two primary Assured the local people School Bags and schools of his locality. that they will provide study materials for 5. necessary supports to set two primary schools up communality drinking of Sarkar locality after water facility, Solar street receiving estimate lights. Also informed that through the District -- musical instruments, Study Administration. Shri Sanjoy Raised the demand for materials for schools, ONGC Ltd. will set Majumder of North providing benches and study Benches and School Bags budget to provide Sonaichari materials for the Satrugnapara etc. may be provided School Bags and 6. High School and Ram Chandra through CSR Scheme after study materials for Reang Para School of his receiving proposal along the Satrugnapara locality. with estimate through the High School and Ram Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 118 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer District Administration to Chandra Reang Para ONGC Ltd. to mitigate the School after receiving demands of local people as estimate through the per CSR Act. District Administration. Shri Sunil Bhagat, CSR team from GM (D) – Head ONGC Ltd. shall carry HSE, ONGC Ltd. need base Tripura Asset assessment in the surrounding villages to meet up the demands of local people as per CSR 7. -- Act. ONGC shall follow the CSR/CER rules and do the needful after receiving proposal through the District Administration.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 119 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
7.2.5 Public hearing details of North Tripura held on 20/02/2021 Public hearing for the proposed Project of “Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura” by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. was organized by Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) at Panisagar Panchayat Samiti Hall, North Tripura District for two locations on 20/02/2021.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 09/01/2021, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 10/01/2021 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.5. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.8.
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Village Resident raising Question ADM/Collector talking to Villagers
Figure 7.7 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Nagendra Debbarma, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, North Tripura District, Tripura, Shri Pradip Debbarma- TCS O/o SDM Panisagar, Sri Amarendara Jamatia-Assistant Environmental Engineer Tripura State Pollution Control, Shri Dipak Rudra Pal-Jr. Scientist, Shri. Sunil Bhagat – GM (D) –Head HSE ONGC and Shri Prasenjit Das-Environment Consultant were present. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.5.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 120 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.5: Issues raised during Public Hearing (20.02.2021) – North Tripura S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Mr. Robert During the drilling period of CSR team from Fund for road Molsom and Mr. some exploratory wells under ONGC Ltd. will do the repairing will be Thangchung M. the Chandrahalam Para, the field visit to provided from CER Halam of road from Wangchong Bazar to understand damage fund. Chandrahalam ONGC drilling site via Ward No. severity of road rom Para, Panisagar 3 (length 1.1 km) was damaged Wangchong Bazar to due to movement of heavy ONGC drilling site via vehicles of ONGC Ltd., which Ward No. 3 and then should be recovered to the will set budget under earlier physical form or CSR for repairing of 1. -- -- metalled by immediate road. maintenance. The After the maintenance maintenance of this road of road water should be done at priority basis sprinkling will not be and regular sprinkling of water needed as no dust should be done to suppress emission. However dust emission. ONGC will do regular water sprinkling before road maintenance. Mr. Iamlalchung Raised the demand of Playground and Dust Ranglong of playground and dustbins of bins may not be 2. Chandrahalam adequate numbers for the -- -- covered through CSR -- Para, Panisagar people of Chandrahalam Para. Scheme as per Acts & Rules. Mr. Biswanath Raised the demand of drinking CSR team from Rs. 1.0 Lakhs will be Halam of water source and market shed ONGC Ltd. shall allocated for providing Chandrahalam for his locality. Mr. Halam also provide fund for drinking water source. Para, Panisagar demanded School Bench for Chandrahalam Para the existing government school market shed under located at Chandrahalam Para. CSR as per the 3. -- -- requirement after receiving estimate through district administration. ONGC Ltd. will set budget to provide School benches for
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 121 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer the Chandrahalam Para Govt School after receiving estimate through district administration. ONGC Ltd. will provide drinking water source under CER. Miss M. Halam of Raised the demand of ONGC Ltd. will set Chandrahalam Handloom machines for local budget to provide Para, Panisagar Self Help Groups / NGOs to Handloom machines promote Art & Handicraft. for local Self Help 4. -- -- Groups / NGOs of -- Chandrahalam Para after receiving estimate through district administration. Shri Sunil Bhagat, Assured the Local people ONGC Ltd. shall carry GM (D) – Head that they will take up the need base HSE, ONGC Ltd. issue of repairing/ metalling assessment in the Tripura Asset of road from Wangchong surrounding villages Bazar to ONGC drilling site to meet up the via Ward No.3 (length 1.1 demands of local km) for taking further course people as per CSR of action. Act. Shri Bhagat also informed ONGC shall follow that Handloom Machines/ the CSR/CER rules 5. ------instruments, study materials and do the needful for schools, benches, etc. after receiving may be provided through proposal through the CSR Scheme after receiving District proposal along with Administration. estimate through the District Administration to ONGC Ltd. to mitigate the demands of local people as per CSR Act.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 122 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
7.2.6 Public hearing details of West Tripura held on 23/02/2021 Public hearing for the proposed Project of “Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura” by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd. was organized by Tripura State Pollution Control Board (TSPCB) at Gita Bitan Community Hall, Khayerpur, West Tripura District for eight locations on 23/02/2021.
Advertisement and Photographs The public notice was advertised before 30 days as per notification in two vernacular language newspapers Syandan Patrika and Dainik Sambad dated 09/01/2021, apart the notice for public hearing has been displayed in English Language in the national newspaper “The Telegraph” on 10/01/2021 newspaper cutting is given in below figure 7.5. The photographs of public hearing are shown in figure 7.8.
Consultant Presenting the Project Presence of RO & ADM
Village Resident raising Question Presence of Villagers
Figure 7.8 Public Hearing Photographs
Encapsulation of Public Hearing Shri Ashim Saha, Additional District Magistrate & Collector, West Tripura District, Tripura, Sri Amarendara Jamatia-Assistant Environmental Engineer Tripura State Pollution Control, Shri Dipak Rudra Pal-Jr. Scientist, Shri. Sunil Bhagat – GM (D) –Head HSE ONGC and Shri Prasenjit Das-Environment Consultant were present. Following discussion/ questions - answers took place has been given below in Table 7.6.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 123 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.6: Issues raised during Public Hearing (23.02.2021)-West Tripura S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Shri Shibu Informed that at the time of CSR team from Debnath S/o: laying of the gas flow lines few ONGC Ltd. will do the Balaram Debnath years back, his agricultural land field visit for noting of Srinagar was severely damaged due to damage severity of activities of ONGC Ltd. Now Debnath agricultural Shri Debnath urged ONGC Ltd land and for setting to take all the safety measures the budget for so that no accident takes place Compensation under in their locality. Also raised the CSR. 1. ------demand to ONGC Ltd. to set up ONGC Ltd. will follow a check dam in his locality. the OGP & OISD guidelines and rules for the safety measures during operation. Setting up check dam may not cover under CSR Activities. Shri Bhajan Paul Raised a number of demands ONGC Ltd. will set Rs. 2.20 Lakh will be of Srinagar which includes construction of budget for allocated for water School boundary of Kabi construction of school filter and solar street Sukanta High School and boundary, cremation lights. cremation ground and a ground and community Hall. Also community hall after demanded for a Water filter at receiving estimate Srinagar Market, Solar Street through the District Light etc. Administration. 2. -- -- ONGC Ltd will provide water filter and Solar Street Lights at Srinagar Market under CER after receiving estimate for installation and maintenance. Shri Balaram Paul Informed that during the laying CSR team from 3. of Srinagar of gas flowlines couple of years -- -- ONGC Ltd. will do the -- ago, the local PWD road to Pal field visit for noting Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 124 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer Para Road was damaged damage severity of which should be repaired and local PWD road to Pal retaining walls should also be Para Road and for constructed where ever are setting the budget for required. repairing of road. ONGC Ltd. will set budget for construction of retaining wall after receiving estimate through the District Administration. Shri Balaram Paul Informed that due to movement CSR team from of Srinagar of heavy vehicles of ONGC Ltd, ONGC Ltd. will do the mud wall houses of the area field visit for noting (Srinagar to Gabardi Road) damage severity of was damaged which should be mud wall houses of compensate by the ONGC Ltd. the area (Srinagar to Shri Paul also raised demand Gabardi Road) and for providing musical for setting the budget instruments for his cultural for Compensation 4. ------organization. under CSR. ONGC Ltd. will set budget for provision of musical instruments to Paul organization after receiving estimate through the District Administration. Shri Suklal Shown deep concern over the No further drilling Bhowmik of exploratory drilling as to activity in this project Surjamaninagar whether the effluent generated will be done only during the drilling may cause conversion of 5. damage to the peripheral -- -- exploratory wells into -- environment. development wells & laying of associated flow lines etc. will be done. 6. Shri Sunil Bhagat, Assured the local people -- CSR team from -- Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 125 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) S. Respondent and Reply by Response/Question Reply by PP/Representative Action Taken Budget No. Address Concerned Officer GM (D) – Head that they will take up the ONGC Ltd. shall carry HSE, ONGC Ltd. issue of repairing/ metalling need base Tripura Asset of road for taking further assessment in the course of action. Also surrounding villages informed that musical to meet up the instruments, Study materials demands of local for school, Benches, Solar people as per CSR street light, water filter, Act. school boundary etc. may ONGC shall follow be provided through CSR the CSR/CER rules Scheme after receiving and do the needful proposal along with after receiving estimate through the District proposal through the Administration to ONGC District Ltd. to mitigate the demands Administration. of local people as per CSR act. Also assured that ONGC Ltd will pay the compensation of any damage caused by ONGC Ltd. and also asked the support to fulfill the objective of the said project.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 126 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 7.3 QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is a structured approach to identifying and understanding the hazards and risks associated with exploration and handling of Natural Gas. This section aims to provide a systematic analysis of the major risks that may arise as a result of development of 37 exploratory well into developmental wells, well manifold an pipeline at Kunjaban & Sundalbari. The QRA process outlines rational evaluations of the identified risks based on their significance and provides the outline for appropriate preventive and risk mitigation measures. Results of the QRA provides valuable inputs into the overall project planning and the decision making process for effectively addressing the identified risks. The QRA will also help in assessing risks arising from potential emergency situations like a blow out and develop a structured Emergency Response Plan (ERP) to restrict damage to personnel, infrastructure and the environment.
The risk study for the onshore exploratory drilling activities in Kunjaban & Sundalbari area has considered all aspects of operation of the drilling rig and other associated activities during the exploration phase. Loss of well control / blow-out and process leaks constitutes the major potential hazards that may be associated with the proposed onshore exploratory drilling in area.
The following section describes objectives, methodology of the risk assessment study and then presents the assessment for each of the potential risk separately. This includes identification of major hazards, hazard screening and ranking, frequency and consequence analysis for major hazards. The hazards have subsequently been quantitatively evaluated through a criteria based risk evaluation matrix. Risk mitigation measures to reduce significant risks to acceptable levels have also been recommended as a part of the risk assessment study. 7.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE QRA STUDY The overall objective of this QRA with respect to the proposed project involves identification and evaluation of major risks, prioritizing risks identified based on their hazard consequences. Hence in order to ensure effective management of any emergency situations that may arise during the production, following specific objectives need to be achieved. Analyze the possible likelihood and frequency of such risk scenarios by reviewing historical accident related data for oil and gas industries. Predict the consequences of such potential risk scenarios and if consequences are high, establish the same by through application of quantitative simulations. Recommend feasible preventive and risk mitigation measures as well as provide inputs for drawing up of Emergency Management Plan (EMP) for the project. 7.5 RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY The risk assessment process is primarily based on likelihood of occurrence of the risks identified and their possible hazard consequences particularly being evaluated through hypothetical accident scenarios. With respect to the proposed project, major risks viz. blow outs, process leaks and fires; non-process fires etc. have been assessed and evaluated through a risk matrix generated to combine the risk severity and likelihood factor. Risk associated with the exploratory drilling activities have been determined semi- quantitatively as the product of likelihood/probability and severity/consequence by using order of magnitude data (risk ranking = severity/consequence factor X likelihood/probability factor). Significance of such project related risks was then established through their classification as high, medium, low, very low depending upon risk ranking. The risk matrix is a widely accepted as standardized method of quantitative risk assessment and is preferred over purely quantitative methods, given that its inherent limitations to define a risk event is certain. Application of this tool has resulted in the prioritization of the potential risks events for the exploratory drilling, GCS and pipeline operations thus providing the basis for drawing up risk mitigation measures and leading to formulation of plans for risk and emergency management. The overall approach is summarized in figure 7.1
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 127 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Figure 7.1 Risk Assessment Methodology 7.5.1 Hazard Identification Hazard identification for the purposes of this QRA comprised of a review of the project and associated activity related information provided by ONGC. In addition, guidance provided by knowledge platforms/portals of the upstream oil & gas industry including OGP, ITOPF, EGIG and DNV, Norwegian Petroleum Directorate etc. are used to identify potential hazards that can arise out of proposed project activities. Taking into account the applicability of different risk aspects in context of the conversion of 37 old exploration wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura, there are two major categories of hazards that can be associated with proposed project which has been dealt with in detail. This includes: • Process leaks and fires • Non-process fires / explosions
7.5.2 Frequency Analysis Frequency analysis involves estimating the likelihood of each of the failure cases identified during the hazard identification stage. The analysis of frequencies of occurrences for the key hazards that has been listed out is important to assess the likelihood of such hazards to actually unfold during the lifecycle of the project. The frequency analysis approach for the proposed project is based primarily on historical accident
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 128 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) frequency data, event tree analysis and judgmental evaluation. Major oil and gas industry information sources viz. statistical data, historical records and global industry experience were considered during the frequency analysis of the major identified risks4. For QRA of the proposed project, various accident statistics and published oil industry databases have been consulted for arriving at probable frequencies of identified hazards. Based on the range of probabilities arrived at for different potential hazards that may be encountered during the proposed activities, following criteria for likelihood rankings have been drawn up as presented in the table 7.1.
Table 7.1: Frequency Category and Criteria Likelihood Ranking Criteria Ranking (cases/year) Frequency Class 1 >10-6 to <10-5 Improbable 2 >10-5 to <10-3 Not Likely 3 >10-3 to <10-1 Occasional/Rare 4 >10-1 to <1.0 Probable 5 >1.0 Frequent
4: It is to be noted that the frequency of occurrences are usually obtained by a combination of component probabilities derived on basis of reliability data and /or statistical analysis of historical data.
7.5.3 Consequence Analysis In parallel to frequency analysis, hazard prediction / consequence analysis exercise assesses resulting effects in instances when accidents occur and their likely impact on project personnel, infrastructure and environment. In relation to the proposed project, estimation of consequences for each possible event has been based either on accident experience, consequence modeling or professional judgment, as appropriate. The consequence analysis takes into account the following aspects: Nature of impact on environment and community; Occupational health and safety; Asset and property damage; Corporate image Timeline for restoration of environmental and property damage Restoration cost for environmental and property damage
The following criterion for consequence rankings (Table 7.2) is drawn up in context of the possible consequences of risk events that may occur during drilling activities:
Table 7.2: Severity Categories and Criteria Consequence Ranking Criteria Definition First Aid treatment with no Lost Time Incidents (LTIs) Natural recovery < 1year Insignificant 1 Net negative financial impact of <0.5 crores. No significant impact on environmental components No media coverage Medical treatment injuries 1 year for natural recovery Net negative financial impact of 0.5 – 1 crore Minor 2 Temporary environmental impacts which can be mitigated Local stakeholder concern and public attention Short term hospitalization & rehabilitation leading to recovery Short term violations of national limits for environmental emissions Moderate 3 1-2 years for natural recovery Net negative financial impact of 1-5 crores Short term impact on protected natural habitats State wide media coverage
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 129 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Single fatality/permanent total disability to one or more persons Major violations of national limits for environmental emissions Major 4 2-5 years for natural recovery Net negative financial impact of 5 -10 crores Significant impact on endangered and threatened floral and faunal species Loss of corporate image and reputation Multiple fatalities/Permanent total disability to more than 50 persons Severe violations of national limits for environmental emission Catastrophic 5 More than 5 years for natural recovery Net negative financial impact of >10 crores Long term impact on ecologically sensitive areas International media coverage National stakeholder concern and media coverage
Risk Evaluation Based on ranking of likelihood and frequencies, each identified hazard has been evaluated based on the likelihood of occurrence and the magnitude of consequences. Significance of risks is expressed as the product of likelihood and consequence of the risk event, expressed as follows:
Significance = Likelihood X Consequence The Table 7.3 below illustrates all possible product results for five likelihood and consequence categories while the Table 7.4 assigns risk significance criteria in four regions that identify the limit of risk acceptability. Depending on the position of intersection of a column with a row in the risk matrix, hazard prone activities have been classified as low, medium and high thereby qualifying a set of risk reduction / mitigation strategies. Table 7.3: Risk Matrix LIKELIHOOD
Frequent Probable Remote Not Likely Improbable 5 4 3 2 1 Catastrophic 5 25 20 15 10 5 Major 4 20 16 12 8 4 Moderate 3 15 12 9 6 3
CONSEQUENCE Minor 2 10 8 6 4 2 Insignificant 1 5 4 3 2 1
Table 7.4: RISK CRITERIA AND ACTION REQUIREMENTS Risk Significance Criteria Definition & Action Requirements “Risk requires attention” – Project HSE Management need to ensure High (16 - 25) that necessary mitigation are adopted to ensure that possible risk remains within acceptable limits “Risk is tolerable” – Project HSE Management needs to adopt necessary Medium (10 – 15) measures to prevent any change/modification of existing risk controls and ensure implementation of all practicable controls. “Risk is acceptable” – Project related risks are managed by well- Low (5 – 9) established controls and routine processes/procedures. Implementation of additional controls can be considered. “Risk is acceptable” – All risks are managed by well-established controls Very Low (1 – 4) and routine processes/procedures. Additional risk controls need not to be considered.
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Considering higher percentage of methane in natural gas, the thermo-chemical properties of the same has been utilized in the jet fire and explosion consequence modeling.
Table 7.5: Typical approximate composition of natural
Type gas H2 CH4 C2H6 C3H4 C3H8 C3H6 C4H10 C4H8 N2+CO2 C5+ Natural gas n/a 98 0.4 n/a 0.15 n/a 0.05 n/a 1.4 n/a
.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat Chapter – 7 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 131 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Table 7.6: Physico-chemical properties of Chemicals Boiling Melting Vapour Hazardous CAS Mol. Wt Flash LEL UEL Vapour # State Formula Color Odour Point Point density Hazard Gas No. (g/mole) Point % % Pressure (°C) (°C) (air=1) 760 mmHg 1 Methane Gas CH 74-82-8 Colorless Odorless 16.04 -162 -183 -223 5.0 15 0.555 Flammable 4 @ -161 °C
7.6.1 Scenarios for Simulation Size of Pipeline Operating Operating Full name Hazard Pressure Consequences # Well Temperatu Types of Failure Possible Gas involved No. Dia Length (Bar or Studied 2 re (°C) kg/cm ) 20% rupture of gas feeder Jet Fire Production: 8” pipeline network 10 to the (203.2 mm) 19.5 km 60.92/ Kunjaban 10 20-35 °C (max) 56.14 FB rupture of gas feeder manifold Jet Fire Test: 6” (152.4 pipeline network mm) 20% rupture of gas feeder Natural Gas Production: 8” Jet Fire 1. Flammable 12 to the pipeline network (Methane) (203.2 mm) 12 km 74.21/ Sundalbari 12 20-35 °C (max) 73.60 FB rupture of gas feeder manifold Test: 6” (152.4 Jet Fire pipeline network mm) 49.5 km 20% rupture of development 37 Nos. for Jet Fire (max) 35.40 – well pipeline to existing well Exploratory 37 6” (152.4 mm) 20-35 °C 18.2 km 72.17 FB rupture of development wells Jet Fire (Max) well pipeline to existing well
Consequences of Fire/Heat Wave The effect of thermal radiation on people is mainly a function of intensity of radiation & exposure time. The effect is expressed in term of the probability of death & different degree of burn. The consequence effects studied to assess the impact of the events on the receptors are:
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Consequences of Fire/Heat Wave The effect of thermal radiation on people is mainly a function of intensity of radiation and exposure time. The effect is expressed in term of the probability of death and different degree of burn. The consequence effects studied to assess the impact of the events on the receptors are: Table 7.8: Damage due to Radiation Intensity Radiation Damage to Equipment Damage to People (kW/m2) 1.2 Solar heat at noon - 1.6 - Minimum level of pain threshold 2.0 PVC insulated cable damage - Causes pain if duration is longer than 4.0 - 20 sec. But blistering is unlikely. Pain threshold reached after 8 sec. 6.4 - Second degree burns after 20 sec. Minimum energy to ignite wood with a 1% lethality in one minute. First degree 12.5 flame; melts plastic tubing. burns in 10 sec. 16.0 - Severe burns after 5 Sec. Minimum energy to ignite wood at 100% lethality in 1 min. Significant 25.0 identifying long exposure without a flame. injury in 10 sec. 100% lethality in 1 min. 37.5 Severe damage to plant 50% lethality in 20 sec. 1% lethality in 10 sec.
Table 7.9: Overpressure Damage Overpressure Damage (bar) 0.001 Annoying noise (137 dB if of low frequency 10-15 Hz) 0.002 Loud noise (143 dB, sonic boom glass failure 0.003 Occasional breaking of large glass windows already under strain 0.007 Breakage of small windows under strain 0.010 Typical pressure for glass breakage 0.020 projectile limit; some damage to house ceilings; 10% window glass broken 0.027 Limited minor structural damage 0.034 Large and small windows usually shattered; occasional damage to window 0.034 to 0.068 frames 0.048 Minor damage to house structures 0.068 Partial demolition of houses, made uninhabitable Corrugated asbestos shattered; corrugated steel or aluminum 0.068 to 0.136 panels, fastenings fail, followed by buckling, wood panels (standard housing) fastenings fail, panels blown in 0.088 Steel frame of clad building slightly distorted 0.136 Partial collapse of walls and roofs of houses 0.136 to 0.204 Concrete of cinder brick walls, not reinforced, shattered 0.157 Lower limit of serious structural damage
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Overpressure Damage (bar)
0.170 50% destruction of brickwork of houses 0.204 Heavy machines (3,000 lb) in industrial building suffered little damage; steel frame building distorted and pulled away from foundations.
Frameless, self -framing steel panel building demolished; rupture of oil storage 0.204 to 0.272 tanks 0.272 Cladding of light industrial buildings ruptured 0.340 Wooden utility poles snapped; tall hydraulic press (40,000 lb) in building slightly damaged 0.340 to 0.476 Nearly complete destruction of houses 0.476 Loaded train wagons overturned 0.476 to 0.544 Brick panels, 8-12 inches thick, not reinforced; heavy machine tools (7,000 lb) moved and badly 0.612 Loaded trains boxcars completely demolished 0.680 Probable total destruction of buildings; heavy machines tools (7,000 lb) moved and badly damaged, very heavy machines tools (12,000 lb) survived. 20.414 Limit of crater lip
Weather Conditions Following Weather conditions are selected for consequence analysis Table 7.10: Weather Condition Selected Weather Condition Time Remarks Wind speed Temperature in °C Stability Class m/s Day Prevalent during the day, 23.4 1.5 D Time most times of the year Night Prevalent during the night, 18.5 1.5 F Time most times of the year Monsoon Prevalent during the 28.6 5.0 D Period monsoon months
7.6.2 Pipeline failure In addition to risk assessed with respect to the proposed project in the form of “Blow Outs” efforts has also been made to understand the potential risks/hazards associated with respect to existing industrial operations in the near vicinity. Based on the information made available by ONGC and site visits undertaken it is understood that Gas Collection Stations (GCS) of ONGC along with integrated pipeline network (8” dia) is operational in the Agartala and Konaban area. Hence potential risks have been identified in the form of loss of containment events for each section of the pipeline, corresponding to the relevant process conditions as per below table. Table 7.11: Scenarios for QRA study S. Plant Initiating Potential Outcome Risk Scenario No. section event Scenario 8” pipeline 1. Pipeline Rupture Jet Fire, Flash fire rupture
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Pipeline Failure Frequency Analysis An effort has also been made to understand the primary failure frequencies of gas pipeline which is the result of the number of incidents within a period divided by the corresponding total system exposure. Based on the European Gas Pipeline Incident Data Group (EGIG) database the evolution of the primary failure frequencies over the entire period and for the last five years has been provided in below table.
Table 7.12: Gas pipeline failure frequency Total system Primary failure Number of Period Interval exposure frequency per 1,000 incidents 106 km·yr km·yr 7th report 38 1970 - 2007 1173 3.15 0.372 years 8th report 41 1970 - 2010 1249 3.55 0.351 years 9th report 44 1970 - 2013 1309 3.98 0.329 years 1974 – 2013 40 years 1179 3.84 0.307 1984 - 2013 30 years 805 3.24 0.249 1994 - 2013 20 years 426 2.40 0.177 2004 - 2013 10 years 209 1.33 0.157 2009 - 2013 5 years 110 0.70 0.158 Source: 9th EGIC report
As per the above table failure frequency over the entire period (1970-2013) was equal to 0.33 per 1,000 km·yr. This is slightly lower than the failure frequency of 0.35 per 1,000 km·yr reported in the 8th EGIG report (1970-2010). The failure frequency over the last five years was equal to 0.16 per 1,000 km·yr, showing an improved performance over recent years.
Incident causes Natural gas pipeline failure incidents can be attributed to the following major causes viz. external interference, construction defects, corrosion (internal & external), ground movement and hot tap. The distribution of incidents with cause has been presented in the below figure.
Figure 7.3: Distribution of Incidents (2009-2013)
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The interpretation of the aforesaid figure indicated external interference as the major cause of pipeline failure contributing to about 28% of the total failure incidents followed by corrosion related problems (26%) and construction defects (16%). Ground movement resulting from seismic disturbance, landslides, flood etc. contributed to 16% of pipeline failure incident causes. The pipeline failure frequency viz. leaks or rupture from natural gas transportation pipeline with respect to the proposed project has been established based on the interpretation of the database of European Gas Pipeline Incident Data Group (EGIG) representing almost 2 million kilometer year of pipeline operations. The failure rate reported by EGIG for on-shore gas pipeline with design pressure greater than 15 bar is 4.76 x 10-4 km/year. Full Bore Rupture (FBR) represents 13% of the cases (6.188 x 10-5 failure /km/yr) and 87% of the cases represents Leaks (4.14 x 10-4 failure /km/yr). The frequency of pipeline failure computed for the expansion project based on EGIG failure frequency is presented in below table.
Table 7.13: Natural Gas pipeline failure frequency EGIG Failure Longest Project Pipeline S.No. Pipeline Failure Case Frequency Pipeline Failure Frequency (per km.year) Length (km) (per year) 1. Gas Pipeline Rupture 6.188 x 10-5 19.5 12.06 x 10-4 2. Gas Pipeline Leak 4.14 x 10-4 19.5 8.07 x 10-3
Pipeline Failure – Ignition Probability In the period 1970-2013, only 5.0 % of the gas releases recorded in the EGIG data base ignited. Ignition depends on the existence of random ignition sources. The EGIG database gives the opportunity to evaluate the link between ignition and leak size. The ignition probability of pipeline failure (rupture & leaks) with respect to the proposed project is derived based on the following equations as provided in the IGEM/TD/2 standard.
Where: P ign = Probability of ignition P = Pipeline operating pressure (bar) d = Pipeline diameter (m) The ignition probability of natural gas release from 8” pipeline leak or rupture is calculated based on the above equations utilizing the following input parameters as discussed below. Pipeline Inlet Pressure (bar) = p = 60.92 kg/cm2 or 59.74 bar Pipeline diameter = d = 8 inches or 0.2 m For 8” pipeline rupture pd2 = 59.74 x (0.2)2 = 2.389 For 8” pipeline leak 0.5 pd2 = 0.5 x 59.74 x (0.2)2 = 1.194 Since 0≤pd2≤57 and 0≤0.5pd2≤57, the following equation has been utilized for deriving the ignition probability for pipeline failure. P ign for 8‟ pipeline rupture = 0.0555 + 0.0137pd2 = 0.0555 + 0.0137 (2.389) = 0.088
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P ign for 8” pipeline leak = 0.0555 + 0.0137(0.5pd2) = 0.0555 + 0.0137 (1.194) = 0.071 Based on the aforesaid calculation the probability of jet fire occurring from accidental gas release from pipeline leak or rupture and subsequent ignition has been presented in below table. Table 7.14: Natural Gas pipeline – Probability of Jet fire S. Pipeline failure Project Pipeline failure Ignition Jet Fire No. case frequency (per Year) Probability Probability 8” Gas Pipeline 1. 12.06 x 10-4 0.08 9.648 x 10-5 Rupture 8” Gas Pipeline 2. 8.07 x 10-3 0.07 5.649 x 10-4 Leak
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7.6.3 Natural Gas (Methane) Radiation level effect distance and overpressure effect distance due to the release of Natural gas are presented below: Table 7.15: Effect Distance due to Release of Natural Gas from 8” pipeline Effective Distance in meter to Overpressure Distances Met Radiation Level in Meters Material Pipeline from Failure Scenario Consequence Data 2 12.5 37.5 0.02 0.13 0.2 4 kW/m 2 2 kW/m kW/m bar bar bar 1.5/F 42 23 14 200 111 104 20% rupture of gas Jet fire, 1.5/D 41 23 14 209 121 114 Kunjaban feeder pipeline network Explosion 5.0/D 41 22 16 197 118 111 manifold 1.5/F 45 25 15 218 123 116 FB rupture of gas feeder Jet fire, 1.5/D 44 25 15 217 123 115 pipeline network Explosion Natural 5.0/D 44 24 17 214 130 123 Gas 1.5/F 46 26 16 223 126 118 20% rupture of gas Jet fire, 1.5/D 46 26 16 232 124 117 Sundalbari feeder pipeline network Explosion 5.0/D 45 25 17 218 121 114 manifold 1.5/F 56 31 18 240 132 127 FB rupture of gas feeder Jet fire, 1.5/D 55 31 19 247 135 129 pipeline network Explosion 5.0/D 55 30 21 257 155 147
Table 7.16: Effect Distance due to Release of Natural Gas from 6” pipeline Effective Distance in meter to Overpressure Distances Pipeline Met Radiation Level in Meters Material Failure Scenario Consequence from Data 2 12.5 37.5 0.02 0.13 0.2 4 kW/m 2 2 kW/m kW/m bar bar bar 1.5/F 28 15 10 147 82 77 20% rupture of gas Jet fire, 1.5/D 28 15 10 154 92 86 Kunjaban feeder pipeline network Explosion Natural 5.0/D 27 15 11 145 89 85 manifold Gas 1.5/F 30 16 11 148 83 78 FB rupture of gas feeder Jet fire, 1.5/D 29 16 11 147 83 77 pipeline network Explosion 5.0/D 29 17 12 137 80 75 NR: Not Reached The contour for effect distance generated for the release of Natural Gas is presented below:
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Figure 7.4: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to 20% rupture of Kunjaban Mainfold 8” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 1.5/D.
Figure 7.5: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to FB rupture of Kunjaban Mainfold 8” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 1.5/F.
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Figure 7.6: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to 20% rupture of Kunjaban Mainfold 6” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 1.5/D.
Figure 7.7: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to FB rupture of Kunjaban Mainfold 6” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 1.5/F.
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Figure 7.8: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to 20% rupture of Sundalbari Mainfold 8” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 1.5/D.
Figure 7.9: Late explosion overpressure effect distance contour due to FB rupture of Sundalbari Mainfold 8” gas feeder pipeline network at weather condition 5.0/D.
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7.6.4 Results of Consequence Analysis Summary of effect distance (in meter) for worst case scenario of Natural gas (NG) release considered for consequence analysis is given below:
Effect Distance in Meters at specific Weather condition Natural Gas Scenario At Radiation Level 4 kW/m2 At Overpressure 0.02 bar Kunjaban Mainfold (Production) 45 (1.5/F) 218 (1.5/F) Kunjaban Mainfold (Test) 30 (1.5/F) 154 (1.5D) Sundalbari Mainfold (Production) 56 (1.5/F) 257 (5.0/D)
It can be seen from the above summarized table, that risk of jet fire and explosion is more in the case of release of Natural gas from Sundalbari Production Mainfold.
7.6.5 Preventive and Mitigation Measures Close monitoring of drilling activity be done to check for signs of increasing pressure, like from shallow gas formations. Marking of hazardous zone (500 meters) around the well site and close monitoring of human movements in the zone. Monitoring and preventive maintenance shall be taken for primary and secondary barriers installed for blow out prevention, including third party inspection & testing. Provision of mass communication and public address equipment. Readable layout of well site and escape routes along with the assembly point marked on it. Training and capacity building exercises/programs be carried out for onsite drilling crew on potential risks associated with exploration drilling and their possible mitigation measures.
7.6.6 Provided Safety Measures/ emergency preparedness Remotely–controlled blow out preventer (BOP) are/ will be installed which can close a well in case of any threatened blow-out during production.
7.6.7 Recommendation Working of BOP must be checked monthly by competent person and tagging system should be adopted. Durability of pipelines shall be ensured by competent person every quarterly as per the IS standards, and reports shall be recorded. Weekly blow-out drills must be conducted to test reliability of BOP and drill team preparedness.
7.6.8 Disaster Management Plan (DMP) The development of a DMP is to ensure effective control of an emergency to minimize loss to human life and property. Primary Objective of a DMP is to save Human life and then comes minimizing damage to the property. The DMP describes the role and responsibilities of various authorities under the emergency organization. Precisely, the DMP contains the following: Major emergencies likely to occur Prevention plan of an forthcoming emergency by control of incidents; Internal emergency reporting and communication system; Offsite plan components; It is recommended that the DMP to be assimilated into the actual operations prior to commencement of the project work. Mock drill should be conducted at periodic intervals to ensure the efficacy of the DMP. ONGC has prepared Disaster Management Plan for Tripura Asset 2018-19 and onward which is attached as Annexure.
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7.7 SUMMARY Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) is a structured approach to identifying and understanding the hazards and risks associated with production and handling of Natural Gas. Risk of jet fire and explosion is more in the case of release of Natural gas from Sundalbari Production Mainfold. Mock drill should be conducted at periodic intervals to ensure the efficacy of the DMP. ONGC has prepared Disaster Management Plan for Tripura Asset 2018-19 and onward.
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8 PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 GENERAL This chapter gives information on direct and indirect benefits to the environment, nation and proponent. The conversion of 37 exploration wells will generate new employment opportunity and gas production, which will have beneficial impact and will improve the local economies to the area in terms of physical, ecological and biological and other tangible benefits. Socio-economic status of the region will definitely improve due to flow of money to nearby villages. 8.2 CSR PROJECTS BY ONGC ONGC as a vital tool for social value creation with Triple Bottom Line Approach - People, Planet & Profit. The approach is to Create a Positive Impact on Society, Shared Value for business and communities and involving maximum Stakeholder Participation. In line with Companies Act 2013 and DPE Guidelines 2014 (Schedule VII), ONGC has put in place its Corporate Social Responsibility & Sustainable development (CSR & SD) policy.
Team CSR has defined a set of core values for themselves- Compassion, Conviction and Innovation - to guide them in serving the under-privileged and extends to ONGC‟s partners, stakeholders, communities and even the environment. Besides being focused primarily on the welfare of economically and socially deprived sections of society, Team CSR aims at developing techno-economically viable and environment- friendly projects having sustainable impacts and ensuring highest standards of safety and environmental protection. ONGC, in its quest for oil and gas, charters remote rural locations and is in a constant interface with underprivileged local communities which results in better understanding of the community and consequently an enhanced sense of responsibility and accountability to the communities whose lives they touch. A well-defined set of objectives, clearly delineated beneficiaries, strategy and project activities characterize CSR projects undertaken by the oil and gas company to yield discernible, long-term, sustainable benefits for the communities in question. Major CSR projects in India undertaken during the year are enlisted below:
Education including vocational courses, Health Care, Entrepreneurship (self-help & livelihood generation) schemes, Infrastructure support near ONGC operational areas, Environment protection, ecological conservation, promotion, Protection of heritage sites, UNESCO heritage monuments etc. Promotion of artisans, craftsman, musicians, artists etc. for preservation of heritage, Art & Culture, Women's Empowerment, Girl Child Development, Gender sensitive projects, Water Management including ground water recharge, Initiatives for Physically and Mentally challenged, Sponsorship of seminars, conferences, workshops etc. Promoting Sports/sports persons; supporting agencies promoting sports / sports persons. Swachh Bharat Mission of ONGC CSR expenditure on ONGC ONGC CSR Checklist 1000 scholarships each worth 48,000/- per annum to meritorious economically backward general and OBC students Notification : ONGC scholarship scheme for meritorious economically backward General and OBC students. - Click here to apply CSR and Sustainability Policy – 2014
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As a public sector enterprise, ONGC has a long and cherished tradition of commendable initiatives, institutionalized programs and practices of Corporate Social Responsibility which have played a laudable role in the development of several underdeveloped regions of the country. ONGC, as a corporate entity, is committed to fuel India‟s socio-economic development story through initiatives that impact the lives of over a billion Indians. In its sixty year checkered journey, ONGC has been responsive to all its stakeholder communities. For ONGC, corporate social responsibility is not just a program or a donation. It‟s the way we do business and connect to our operational communities. ONGC ensures that its corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagements are impactful and deliver sustainable change in the lives of our stakeholder communities, including Employees, Shareholders, Vendors, Operational Communities. The guiding principles of our CSR engagements focus on communities, enabling depth of CSR penetration across diverse value networks.
8.3 MAJOR CSR INITIATIVES UNDERTAKEN DURING THE LAST FINANCIAL YEARS ARE AS FOLLOWS: Quality health care services were provided through Catheterization Laboratory and facilities for Open Heart Surgery in Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh. A 26 bedded Community Hospital in Lakhimpur-Kheri, Uttar Pradesh catering to the Health Service requirements from Economically Backward Class families was adopted as a PPP (public private partnership) model in CSR with capex contribution by ONGC and opex borne by the Operating Partner. Healthcare services are being provided in this hospital at 50% less cost than existing CGHS rates covering approximately a population of 40 lacs. ONGC Mission Ujala for eye screening of 50,000 children in Government Schools in NCR under National Blindness Control Programme of Govt. of India was undertaken and Spectacles to 3,000 children detected with refractive errors along with medicines were provided through the NGO Praani.
Construction and setting up of school for providing free education with food, clothing, study material and healthcare to under-privileged children of Mahoba , a backward district identified under BRGF with joint collaboration of Shirdi Sai Baba Temple Society. The laurels do not end there. As a testimony to Team CSR‟s committed efforts, ONGC has won many awards like PETROTECH -2014 Sustainability & CSR (Corporate) award, 3rd Asia‟s Best CSR Practices Awards 2013 under category of Concern for health & Women empowerment at Pan Pacific, Singapore, Golden Peacock Award 2013 for CSR during 8th International Conference on Corporate Social Responsibility-2014 etc.
8.4 PHYSICAL BENEFITS ONGC will be setting up multispecialty hospitals at Sibsagar, Assam and Ankleshwar, Gujarat and a Community Hospital at Lakhimpur-Kheri, Uttar Pradesh.
8.5 ECOLOGICAL BENEFITS ONGC aims at conserving the species of the Eastern Swamp Deer by introducing Eastern Swamp Deer Conservation Project in Kaziranga National Park. The project is in the first phase which consists of gathering information on the species.
8.6 SOCIAL BENEFITS ONGC has Initiated Project Utkarsh- Livelihood Project at Sibasagar in 2011-12 to expand livelihood opportunities for 400 households in one year through training of women in skills like tailoring, soft toy making etc. with linkages for income generation as well as training the elderly in vocations like goatery, piggery, mushroom cultivation etc. while establishing adequate forward and backward linkages.
Education In 2011-12, more than 1400 students have received free employability training through GICEIT Computer Centre implemented by partner Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan who operates operates five computer centers providing employment-related computer training to underprivileged youth across different operational areas Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 8 145 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) of ONGC.
Social Activities Under project "Udaan" a total of 750 students of J&K at the rate of Rs. 1,21,000.00/ trainees per batch for period of 90 days are to be trained in a span of 5 years, to enhanced their skills and make them employable with 150 students to be trained every year. The project is being implemented through ONGC Academy with Chandigarh Group of Colleges as the implementing agency. So far out of 96 candidates trained 37 graduate engineers have secured employment under this program.
8.7 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS Project will gain income and upsurge the turnover of ONGC directly or indirectly. Both, State Government and Govt of India would be benefited with the natural gas production from the wells. Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 8 146 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) The project has a potential to generate direct and indirect employment for unskilled, semi-skilled and skilled manpower for laying of flow lines. Government will earn huge revenue by way of various taxes and levies and transportation through sea route. 8.8 SUMMARY The project activity and the management will support the local villagers. The management will recruit skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages. Project will provide Physical, social as well as other tangible benefits to the country.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 8 147 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
9 ENVIRONMENT COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 GENERAL Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) is an analytical way to make an educated decision regarding the commencement of an industrial activity or similar trade/commercial/infrastructure activity. This involves a comparison of the costs of an action with considerations of the benefits associated with that action. CBA assists the regulators to evaluate the benefits and challenges imposed by the upcoming activity in commercial terms with respective to the impact on the environmental scenario such as human wellbeing, quality of life and environmental wellbeing. An important component of a CBA is a base situation which is a situation when no changes take place. All decisions are then compared to the base situation. Once the base and a relevant time period are established, benefits and costs can be calculated in terms of human and environmental well-being. In this case, a benefit is defined as anything that increases human well-being, and a cost is anything that decreases it. CBA aims to maximize economic efficiency at a point where marginal benefits and marginal costs are equal. 9.2 APPLICABILITY OF CBA AND SUMMARY During the scoping/ToR stage, no recommendation of environmental cost benefit analysis was suggested by the appraisal committee. Hence, conducting a detailed CBA is deemed not necessary for this particular project.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 9 148 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 GENERAL An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for Conservation of 37 Exploration Wells into Development wells and Laying of associated flow lines involving construction of well manifold has identified a number of impacts likely to arise during the Pre-drilling phase, Well drilling Phase and Decommissioning and Reinstatement of Wells. The EIA has examined the biophysical and socio economic effect of the proposed activity from site clearance and preparation of the site and testing through the abandonment, demobilization and restoration. On evaluation of environmental impact, it is observed that the real benefits of proposed activity can result only if the risks of pollution are minimized. This can be accomplished through implementation of adequate preventive and control measures. Where no appreciable adverse impact have been identified, the EIA has examined the extent to which these impacts would be mitigated through the adoption of industry standard practice and guidelines and following local legislative requirements. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) describes both generic good practice measures and site specific measures, the implementation of which is aimed at mitigating potential impacts associated with the exploratory drilling activity. The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts, to instruct contractors and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project work. The EMP can be developed into a standalone document covering each stage of the exploratory drilling activity. Environmental management practices for mitigation of various impacts associated with the project activity on different environmental components are described below:
10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.2.1 Air Environment An efficient test flare burner head equipped with an appropriate combustion enhancement system will be selected to minimize incomplete combustion, black smoke, and hydrocarbon fallout. Flaring will be undertaken in accordance with the CPCB Guidelines for Discharge of Gaseous Emissions for Oil & Gas Extraction Industry The D.G. Sets maintenance shall be done in every month for its smooth functioning and minimizing the pollutant emission. All vehicles utilized in transportation of raw material and personnel will have valid Pollution under Control Certificate (PUC). Vehicular exhaust will be complying with the CPCB specified emission norms for heavy diesel vehicles. Maintenance of diesel engines which are to be used as prime movers for mainline & fire water pumps, instrument air compressors and emergency generators will be carried out in accordance with OISD Standard “OISDSTD- 121- Inspection of Turbines & Diesel Engines. It is recommended that all equipment will be operated within specified design parameters during developmental phase.
10.2.2 Water Environment The Surface Water Quality Management Plan is applicable during developmental phase of the project. Following practice will be adopted for the management of water environment. Run-off from vehicular wash and chemical storage areas will be channeled through closed drainage system provided with an oil-water separator prior to silt trap and sedimentation tank to disposal to nearby drainage channels/surface water bodies. Drip trays will be used during preventive maintenance of vehicles and machinery. Regular monitoring of surface water quality will be conducted in accordance with the Environment Monitoring Program.
10.2.3 Solid/Hazardous Waste Management Waste oil and lead acid batteries shall be generated.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 10 149 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Following measures will be taken for the Solid Hazardous waste management Batteries will be recycled through the vendors supplying lead acid batteries as required under the Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001 and Batteries (Management & Handling) Amendment Rules till date. The hazardous waste will be stored in properly labeled and covered bins located in paved and bunded area. Solid and hazardous waste will be handled as per the hazardous and other wastes (management and trans boundary movement) rules, 2016.
10.2.4 Noise Environment Noise control plan is applicable for developmental phase of wells. Following measures will be adopted for abatement of noise during the operation phase: Selection and use of low noise generating equipment equipped with engineering controls viz. mufflers, silencers etc. Periodic preventive maintenance of DG sets and vehicles will be carried out as per manufacturer‟s schedule to ensure compliance with noise limits specified by CPCB for vehicles and DG sets. Installing acoustic enclosures and muffler on engine exhaust of DG sets to ensure compliance with generator noise limits specified by CPCB. Undertaking preventive maintenance of the mainline and booster pumping units in accordance with guidelines and schedule referred to in the OISD Standard- “OISD-STD-119 –Inspection of Pumps. Relevant guidelines/standards viz. API 615--Sound Control of mechanical equipment etc. will be followed in controlling noise generated from mechanical equipment‟s and machineries. Ear Muffs and Ear plugs will be provided to the workers in working area. 10.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY The Occupation Health & Safety Management Plan (OHSMP) is applicable for all project operations which have the potential to adversely affect the health and safety of contractors‟ workers and onsite ONGC personnel. Occupational health and safety related impacts may arise from Drilling Rig, Post drilling, storage and handling of fuel. Following are the measures taken by ONGC are as follows: ONGC had provided 30.00 Lakhs as a capital cost for Occupational Health & Safety. Training programs will be organized for the operational workforce regarding proper usage of PPEs, handling and storage of fuels and chemicals etc. Health problems of the workers will be taken care of by providing basic health care facilities through health centers temporarily set. Fire detectors, alarm systems and fire-fighting equipments shall be kept at designated locations. Periodical inspection and maintenance of fire fighting equipments will be ensured by safety officer. All chemicals and hazardous materials storage container will be properly labeled and marked according to national and internationally recognized requirements and standards. Marking and guide sign board system will be adopted for identifying hazardous and risky area to workers easily. No employee will be exposed to a noise level greater than 85 dB(A) for a duration of more than 8 hours per day. Provision of ear plugs, ear muffs etc. and rotation of workers operating near high noise generating areas. All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes, will be kept in good working order, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as per IS provisions and to the satisfaction of the site Engineer.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 10 150 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
Figure 10.1: Photographs showing Safety Training and Mock Drill
10.3.1 Workplace Monitoring ONGC will conducted workplace monitoring for operation drills on monthly basis for various parameters like PM, SOx, NOx, etc.
10.3.2 Housekeeping Proper housekeeping is an essential part of sound environmental management. It is/will be rigorously checked that there is no accumulation of wastes, especially combustible wastes near well drilling and operational drilling area. EHS supervisor will ensure the good house keeping daily near drilling area.
10.4 AMELIORATION OF ENVIRONMENT 10.4.1 Plantation /Social forestry (Noise Barrier) Plantation /Social forestry is most effective pollution control measure for air and noise pollution as it acts as barrier to particulate matter, gaseous pollutant and noise propagation. Social forestry area proves to be an ideal place for diversified flora and fauna and it will improve air quality adding to the aesthetic beauty of the area. ONGC will develop area as social forestry/Plantation by having consultation with the Forest department. Nos. of trees plantation may vary as per the location selected for social forestry. List of tree shall be planted are given in table 10.2. Table 10.2 List of Trees to be planted S.No. Scientific Name Common Name Nos. 1. Tectona grandis Teak 250 2. Shorea robusta Sal 200 3. Gmelina arborea Gamhar 100 4. Anthocephalus cadamba Kadamba 100 5. Dillenia indica Elephant Apple 100 6. Lagerstroemia speciosa Tamhan 100 7. Azadirachta indica Neem 50 8. Polyathia longifolia Ashoka 50 9. Delonix regia Gulmohar 50 Total 1000
Trees care will be taken by providing necessary aids and support will be provided for maintaining the plantation. Adequate fund will be provided for plantation as per the location selected for social forestry.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 10 151 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) 10.5 BUDGET FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Capital cost of EMP for expansion is estimated based on cost of wastewater treatment facility, air pollution control equipments, waste management facility, Plantation & management plan, safety measures and other components of the EMP will be implemented. The budgetary provision made for environmental management is briefly illustrated in below table. Table 10.4: Budgetary Provision of EMP Capital Cost Recurring Cost S.No. Particulars (Rs. In Lakhs) Lakhs/Annum 1. Water Pollution Control (Mobile ETP, ETP) 10.00 1.0 Air Pollution Control (D.G.Sets Stack heights, water 2. 1.00 0.1 sprinkling) 3. Solid / Hazardous Waste Handling and Disposal 3.00 0.3 4. Noise Pollution Control (Accosting, damping, padding) 0.60 0.06 5. Occupational Health & Safety –Training 20.00 2.00 6. Environment Monitoring - 10.00 7. Miscellaneous 2.50 - Total 37.1 13.46
Total Rs. 37.10 Lakhs as capital cost has been allocated for Environmental control measures/ Environmental management plan and the recurring cost will Rs. 13.46 Lakhs/annum. To achieve the prescribed norms for water, air and waste it is necessary to operate the EMS regularly. 10.6 ORGANOGRAM AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 10.6.1 Organogram
10.6.2 Environment Management Cell To facilitate the Environment Management System, one of the most important aspects is the organization and personnel. ONGC shall form an Environment Management Cell for achievement of the following: Collect information from regular monitoring and create a database. Analyze the data and decide the critical areas for immediate attention and corrective actions. Work out action plan for implementation of the recommendations made under Environment Management Plan. Prepare budget for environment management program and proper allocation of the funds for the same. Qualified and experienced person in the field of Environment either environmental engineer or
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 10 152 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) environmental scientist will be appointed for overall responsibility for the management of all the issues related to Environment, Health and Safety within the plant. In consultation with incharge of the plant, he will directly report to the Senior Management (Director / Executive Director) of the company for issues related to the Environment Management System of the unit.
Table 10.17 Responsibility of Environment Management Cell # Designation Responsibility Oversee and coordinate all activities pertaining to the Project; ultimately ONGC Key 1. responsible for environmental and social issues. Ensure delivery by the executive asset of its environmental, social and operational targets. Ensure effective communication with all stakeholders. Technical aspects of the Project including contractor supervision during 2. Block Manager operations. Responsible for the execution of Emergency Response Plan. Ensuring that the Project and subcontractors operate in accordance with applicable regulatory environmental and social requirements and plans. 3. HSE Head Monitor implementation of environmental and social protection measures, and assist with technical input into gas leak response requirements. 4. HSE Manager Ensure that environment and social regulatory requirements are met and that ESMP requirements are properly implemented 6. Project Manager Responsible for subcontractor technical performance and compliance. Liaise with local communities, farmer and government regulators on the 7. CSR Manager project‟s behalf. Implement environmental and social awareness and education programmes with communities. Worker Report to Supervisor for environmental issues. 8. (Environment) Conducting Environment audits.
10.7 SUMMARY The main purpose of EMP is to minimize the identified potential environmental impacts to be generated from the proposed project and to mitigate the consequences. Air, water, Noise, Solid/ Hazardous waste management plan has been discussed in the chapter. ONGC had provided 20 Lakhs as a capital cost for Occupational Health & Safety. ONGC will develop area as social forestry/Plantation by having consultation with the Forest department. Total Rs. 37.10 Lakhs as capital cost has been allocated for Environmental control measures/ Environmental management plan and the recurring cost will Rs. 13.46 Lakhs/annum.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 10 153 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
11 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 GENERAL Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) proposed Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline. The EIA/EMP report has been prepared in line with approved Standard ToR and additional ToR issued by MoEF&CC, New Delhi , vide letter J-11011/60/2017-IA.II (I) dated 31/05/2017 and as per generic structure given in EIA Notification – 2006 (Appendix III & IIIA).
11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Proposed conversion of 37 old exploration wells and laying of associated flow lines, involving construction of well manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and pipeline at District North Tripura. The total approximate cost of 37 conversion of wells cost of construction of Well Manifold and laying of flow lines and gas grid network is Rs. 313.76 Crores. No additional load on water sources of Tripura State during production. The power requirement for production shall be sourced by state electricity board and stand by from 62 kVA DG sets. There will be no permanent workers camp required for development of wells. During Production manpower will be managed from the existing manpower in the connected installations. Emission from D.G. Sets shall be there during production. Adequate safety measures such as fire-fighting equipment shall be provided at the site in accordance with the norms of OISD 189.
11.3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT Ambient air quality monitoring 98th Sr. Criteria Maximum Minimum Prescribed Unit percentile No. Pollutants Value Value standard value 1. PM10 µg/m3 74.3 37.6 63.56 100 2. PM2.5 µg/m3 35.9 18.3 31.65 60 3. SO2 µg/m3 8.6 3.8 7.15 80 4. NOX µg/m3 20.9 10.9 18.15 80 Based on comparison study of results with NAAQS for tested parameters, it is interpreted that ambient air quality of studied locations can be considered very good as all the results of tested parameters are well within the limit. Noise Monitoring Sr. Prescribed Parameter Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value No. standard 1. Leq (Day) dB(a) 51.2 42.6 55 2. Leq(Night) db(a) 41.9 40.8 45 Based on noise level data obtained during the survey, it is interpreted that noise levels are within the standard norms prescribed by MoEF & CC and noise environment can be considered good. Soil Quality and Characteristics Sr. Parameter Unit Maximum Value Minimum Value No. 1. pH - 7.74 7.12 Electrical 2. dS/m 2.2 1.1 Conductivity 3. Sodium meq/100gm 6.1 2.2 4. Potassium meq/100gm 1.9 0.5 5. Phosphorous kg/ha 385.3 275.5 6. Total Nitrogen % 0.072 0.048 Based on soil analysis data it is concluded that soils are normal from soil reaction view point, but saline as EC exceeds 1.0 dS/m in all the soil samples. The soils are medium to high in nitrogen, low in phosphorus and high in available potassium status. The levels of total Fe, Cu, Cr, B and
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 11 154 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) Zn are within the limits. However, for successful greenbelt development liberal quantity of organic manure (25 tons/ha) and recommended dose of N and double the quantity of recommended doses of P fertilizers should be applied. The potassium is adequate, hence 20 % less than the recommended dose for green belt should be applied. The soil at the project site should be periodically monitored for EC, pH and ESP as well as OC (organic carbon), available P and K. Ground water Sr. Maximum Minimum Desirable Permissible Parameter Unit No. Value Value Limit Limit No 1. pH - 6.94 6.54 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2. TDS mg/L 122 84 500 2000 3. TSS mg/L <2 <2 - - Total 4. mg/L 62 42 200 600 hardness 5. Chloride mg/L 37 23 250 1000 Total 6. mg/L 56 36 200 600 Alkalinity 7. Fluoride mg/L 0.24 0.10 1.0 1.5 No 8. Iron mg/L 1.20 0.50 0.3 Relaxation Based on comparison study of test results with drinking water norms, it is interpreted that water qualities of studied locations meet with the standards. Water quality can be considered good for the ground water sample taken. These water sources cannot be used in drinking as Iron content have been found more than prescribed limit. All water sources can be used for washing, bathing and irrigation purpose. To save the ground water from contamination and improving the quality, rainwater harvesting and ground water recharging may be helpful. Surface water Sr. Maximum Minimum Desirable Permissible Parameter Unit No. Value Value Limit Limit No 1. pH - 6.92 6.42 6.5-8.5 Relaxation 2. TDS mg/L 103 66 500 2000 3. DO mg/L 5.8 5.0 - - 4. COD mg/L 18 8 - - 5. BOD mg/L 6 <4 - - Based on test result data comparison study, it is interpreted that surface water quality does not meet with drinking water norms as per IS 10500:2012. Presence of COD indicates that water is contaminated with organic matter. This organic contamination may be due to animal bath and death and decay of plants leaves. This water should not be directly used in drinking purpose as Total coliform has been found during the study, but it can be used in drinking after conventional treatment followed by disinfection. This water can be used in irrigation and other domestic purposes. Ecology and Biodiversity The studied area is largely a Range Land like Open Scrub, Shrubs, Scrub Land and Wood Land. Common shrubs of the study region are castor bean, barbados nut, Spurge Tree and Chinese rose. Dominant trees are Kachnar, Sundali, Gulmohr, Sheesham and Jaitun. This type of floral structure mostly supports to herbivorous and small size Mammalian wildlife. Near threatened /endangered/ Vulnerable and Schedule-I species shows presence in the study area as per the secondary data. Scrubland supports to reptiles as a result Krait, Indian Cobra and Python are present in the study area. Majority common and domestic species were recorded in the study area. Socio economic During the primary survey it was observed that almost pakka road facility is available in all villages within 10 km radius. Literacy rate of the study region is from 67.21% to 86.18%. On the
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 11 155 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) basis of survey for literacy rate data it is interpreted that there is need to promote education among more and more people. Almost all the villages have more than 50 % people as non- workers. It indicates that the problem of unemployment can be solved by providing proper training and education. There is also need to establish more industries so that maximum number of employment can be generated.
11.4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Possible impacts on land environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, biological environment, socioeconomic environment and risk and hazard is been introduced and briefed in the chapter with their mitigation measures for production of wells. Matrix study and its representation has also been carried out and briefed in chapter. Total Cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters without mitigation measures is - 106 which is not appreciable adverse impact Score. Total Cumulative Score for various Environmental Parameters with mitigation measures is -17 shows no appreciable beneficial impact on various environmental parameters due to proposed project as majority of the activities are temporary hence impact is for short period of time. AQI of 8 locations is recorded satisfactory in study area. From the overall study and evaluation of impacts, it can be concluded that the overall negative impacts from various activities on different environmental parameters is negligible with proper EMP in place.
11.5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES This project is of Conversion of 37 exploratory wells into development wells; hence not alternative for site has been analyzed for this project. 11.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM Monitoring of important and crucial environment parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment during conversion of 37 exploration wells. Sample for environment monitoring will be collected as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC/CPCB/SPCB. ONGC allocated Rs 10.00 Lakhs for regular post project environment monitoring program.
11.7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES Monitoring of important and crucial environment parameters is of immense importance to assess the status of environment during conversion of 37 exploration wells. Sample for environment monitoring will be collected as per the guidelines provided by MoEF&CC/CPCB/SPCB. ONGC allocated Rs 10.00 Lakhs for regular post project environment monitoring program.
11.8 PROJECT BENEFITS The project activity and the management will support the local villagers. The management will recruit skilled and unskilled workers from the nearby villages. Project will provide Physical, social as well as other tangible benefits to the country. 11.9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS During the scoping/ToR stage, no recommendation of environmental cost benefit analysis was suggested by the appraisal committee. Hence, conducting a detailed CBA is deemed not necessary for this particular project. 11.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The main purpose of EMP is to minimize the identified potential environmental impacts to be generated from the proposed project and to mitigate the consequences. Air, water, Noise, Solid/ Hazardous waste management plan has been discussed in the chapter. ONGC had provided 20 Lakhs as a capital cost for Occupational Health & Safety. Total Rs. 37.10 Lakhs as capital cost has been allocated for Environmental control measures/ Environmental management plan and the recurring cost will Rs. 13.46 Lakhs/annum. 11.11 CONCLUSION Proposed project is Tripura and would not have any considerable impact on environment with efficient mitigation measures implemented. The waste generation in form of flue gas, sewage, process wastewater and solid waste may have impacts on environmental parameters but the proponent has installed and
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 11 156 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC) planned efficient technologies for prevention of emission and treatment of sewage. Further, the solid/hazardous waste will be stored in HDPE liner pit. After the drilling activity, this waste pit will be capped by HDPE liner and soil over it. Hence there would not be any considerable impacts on environment. With the implementation of the mitigation measures and EMP, the project activities will have positive beneficial effect on the local population, economic output and other related facilities viz. employment, development of green area, transportation etc. Risk assessment including emergency response plan has been prepared and DMP will be prepared by ONGC to handle any sort of emergencies. Hence looking to the overall project justification, process, pollution potential and pollution prevention measures /technologies installed by proponent, environmental management activities of proponent; it has been concluded that the project would not have any considerable impacts on environment as well as socio- economic and ecological conditions of the project area after development. Hence project is considered environmentally safe.
Eco Chem Sales & Services, Surat 2018_ECSS_EIAI2_1800007 Chapter 11 157 EIA/EMP Report For Conversion of 37 Exploration Wells & laying of Associated Flowlines, involving construction of Well Manifold at Kunjaban & Sundalbari and Pipeline by Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited (ONGC)
12 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) has appointed Eco Chem Sales & Services (ECSS) for carrying out this Environmental Impact Assessment Study as per the EIA notification, 2006 as amended till date. ECSS has approved EIA coordinators and Field Area Experts for undertaking Environmental and related studies in twenty one (21) approved sectors by NABET, Quality Council of India, New Delhi. 12.1 BRIEF RESUME AND NATURE OF CONSULTANTY ECO CHEM SALES & SERVICES (ECSS) is one of the leading companies in the field of Environmental Consultancy Service providers in India. We are NABET Accredited consultant for conducting Environmental Impact Assessment Studies (EIA) and obtaining Environmental Clearances. We also take up services which include and are not limited to Environment Monitoring & Testing, Environment Audit, Risk Assessment Studies, Turnkey solutions, Operation and Maintenance contracts and obtaining various statutory clearances from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) and State Pollution Control Boards. ECSS also has branch offices in Vapi, Dahej and Vadodara, Gujarat. The accreditation certificate number NABET/EIA/2023/RA 0181 is valid up to 3rd February 2023. 12.2 EIA TEAM MEMBER Eco Chem Sales & Services carried out work presented in this report with active co- operation from Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC). The name of the team members associated in the preparation and studies of EIA/EMP for Thermal Power sector is mentioned in table 12.1. Table 12.1: Team Members (TM) involved in EIA studies and EMP Preparation Name of Involvement Under Approved Internal Activity / Area Expert Team Member Actual Work Performed Project Planning; Site visit; Primary Survey; Technical discussion with client; Water balance; Mass balance, Quality Check & EIA Mrs. Dipti Patel Presentation before committee; Review of each documentation chapters in EIA report; Guidance in writing and EIA Coordinator modification in Contents; EMP; budgetary outlay. Coordination for data collection, data analysis, Help in EIA Report coordination with FAEs, various chapter preparations, Mr. Vinay Patil writing compiling the primary & secondary data into EIA EIA Coordinator report. Mr. Jenish Assisted FAE for preparation of Risk Assessment and Risk and hazards FAE RH Barot report writing
12.3 LABORATORY One season baseline monitoring and analysis has been done by Ecosystem Management Resource Pvt. Ltd., NABL accredited Laboratory, Certificate No. TC – 6603, dated 15/11/2019 which is valid upto 14/11/2021. MoEFCC Recognition letter no. 15018/46/2015-CPW dated 08/03/2018 valid for five years.
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