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Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with Description of Three New Species Review of the Indo-West Pacific ophidiid genera Sirembo and Spottobrotula (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with description of three new species Nielsen, Jørgen; Schwarzhans, Werner; Uiblein, Franz Published in: Marine Biology Research DOI: 10.1080/17451000.2014.904885 Publication date: 2015 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: Other Citation for published version (APA): Nielsen, J., Schwarzhans, W., & Uiblein, F. (2015). Review of the Indo-West Pacific ophidiid genera Sirembo and Spottobrotula (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with description of three new species. Marine Biology Research, 11(2), 113-134. https://doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2014.904885 Download date: 30. Sep. 2021 Marine Biology Research ISSN: 1745-1000 (Print) 1745-1019 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/smar20 Review of the Indo-West Pacific ophidiid genera Sirembo and Spottobrotula (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with description of three new species Jørgen G. Nielsen, Werner Schwarzhans & Franz Uiblein To cite this article: Jørgen G. Nielsen, Werner Schwarzhans & Franz Uiblein (2015) Review of the Indo-West Pacific ophidiid genera Sirembo and Spottobrotula (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with description of three new species, Marine Biology Research, 11:2, 113-134, DOI: 10.1080/17451000.2014.904885 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2014.904885 © 2014 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis. Published online: 08 Oct 2014. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 511 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=smar20 Download by: [Copenhagen University Library] Date: 08 February 2016, At: 02:34 Marine Biology Research, 2015 Vol. 11, No. 2, 113–134, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451000.2014.904885 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5C523099-D826-495E-B880-98B99B1D1714 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Review of the Indo-West Pacific ophidiid genera Sirembo and Spottobrotula (Ophidiiformes, Ophidiidae), with description of three new species JØRGEN G. NIELSEN1*, WERNER SCHWARZHANS1 & FRANZ UIBLEIN2,3 1Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2Institute of Marine Science, Bergen, Norway, and 3South African Institute of Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa Abstract Currently, three of the seven described species of Sirembo Bleeker, 1858 and both species of Spottobrotula Cohen & Nielsen, 1978 are considered valid. The present revision is based on 73 specimens of Sirembo known from the Red Sea to Japan and southwards to off northwestern Australia and northern New South Wales and 19 specimens of Spottobrotula known from the Persian Gulf to the Mozambique Channel and from the Andaman Sea. The main characters separating the two genera are the number of long rakers on the anterior gill arch and the form of the sagittal otolith. Based on this distinction Spottobrotula amaculata Cohen & Nielsen, 1982 is transferred to Sirembo. While newly caught specimens can easily be identified by their colour pattern, preserved material requires identification based on meristic and morphometric characters. Three new species are herein described, Sirembo wami, Spottobrotula mossambica and Spottobrotula persica, while Sirembo jerdoni is reported for the first time from Vietnam. These and all other species of the two genera can be identified by combining number of long gill rakers, number of pseudobranchial filaments, number of pectoral fin rays, number and size of scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line, and prepelvic and pelvic fin length in per cent of SL. The distinction from other genera is discussed. Key words: Generic revision, new species, Ophidiidae, Sirembo, Spottobrotula Introduction Five of the nine previously described species of the two genera are here regarded as valid: Sirembo The two ophidiid genera Sirembo Bleeker, 1858 and imberbis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (northern Spottobrotula Cohen & Nielsen, 1978 are known from the western Indian Ocean (Red Sea and Persian Gulf Australia to Japan), Si. jerdoni (Day, 1888) (Gulf of southward to Mozambique Channel) eastwards to Suez to Philippines and northeastern Australia), Si. Japan and northwestern Australia and northern New metachroma Cohen & Robins, 1986 (eastern Austra- South Wales (Figure 1) at depths from the upper lia), Spottobrotula amaculata Cohen & Nielsen, 1982 littoral zone to the upper continental slope. Newly (northwestern Australia to Philippines) and Sp. caught specimens are easily identified by their colour mahodadi Cohen & Nielsen, 1978 (Andaman Sea). Downloaded by [Copenhagen University Library] at 02:34 08 February 2016 pattern, but the colour tends to bleach after preserva- Cohen & Nielsen (1978) placed Sirembo and tion to varying degrees. Preserved fish can be identified Spottobrotula in two different tribes within the sub- by the combination of meristic and morphometric family Neobythitinae, Sirembini and Neobythitini, characters, such as number of long rakers on anterior respectively, according to the position of the base of gill arch, pseudobranchial filaments, pectoral fin rays, the pelvic fins. Later, Nielsen et al. (1999) decided scales between dorsal fin origin and lateral line, and to refrain from splitting up the Neobythitinae into prepelvic and pelvic fin length in per cent of SL. tribes, but they still used the position of the pelvic *Correspondence: Jørgen G. Nielsen, Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] Published in collaboration with the Institute of Marine Research, Norway (Accepted 27 February 2014; first published online 8 October 2014) © 2014 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis This is an Open Access article. Non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly attributed, cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way, is permitted. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted. 114 J. G. Nielsen et al. Figure 1. Distribution of examined specimens of Sirembo and Spottobrotula species. Numbers not encircled indicate number of neighbouring stations. fins for separating the genera. However, additional vs. 15.5–20.5% SL in Spottobrotula). Here we con- material became available for the current revision firm the validity of the two genera and describe three that weakens the prepelvic length as the main new species: one is referred to Sirembo, which now separating character of the two genera used by holds five species, and two to Spottobrotula, now with Nielsen et al. (1999) (now 9.0–14.5% SL in Sirembo three species. Downloaded by [Copenhagen University Library] at 02:34 08 February 2016 Figure 2. Anterior right gill arch: left – Spottobrotula mossambica, holotype, ZMUC P771715, SL 183 mm; right – Sirembo wami, holotype, WAM P22339.001, SL 252 mm. Review of Sirembo and Spottobrotula 115 Figure 3. Right sagitta from: (1) Petrotyx sanguineus (Meek & Hildebrand, 1928), ANSP 188852, SL 127 mm; (2) Sirembo imberbis, ZMUC P77753, SL 171 mm; (3) Spottobrotula mahodadi, holotype, KUMF 02842, SL 216 mm. Materials and methods Diagnosis The present revision is based on 92 specimens from A genus of the ophidiid subfamily Neobythitinae various museum collections, including fresh colour (Nielsen et al. 1999) differing from other genera in photographs of recently collected specimens from the subfamily by the following combination of research cruises (2007 and 2008) investigating the characters: body rather robust with dorsal fin origin fishery resources off Oman, Arabian Sea (McKoy above vertebrae 1–5; fully scaled head and body; et al. 2009), from the Iranian Shrimp Research large eyes, almost equal to length of snout; pelvic Center, Bushehr, Gulf of Iran, and from a fish fins with two rays in each bound together with tough market in Nha Trang, Vietnam. skin; no spines on preopercle; opercular spine short, Ichthyological terminology, measurements and counts follow Nielsen et al. (1999). Prepelvic length is measured from the upper jaw symphysis to the base of the pelvic fins. The information given under ‘Distribution’ is based on the specimens examined here and from literature where the species are illustrated and thus allow verification. Institutional abbreviations follow Eschmeyer (2014). Other abbreviations are: SL = standard length, HT = holotype, PT = paratype, Si. = Sirembo, Sp. = Spottobrotula. Taxonomy Ophidiiformes L. S. Berg, 1937 Ophidiidae Rafinesque, 1810 Neobythitinae Radcliffe, 1913 Sirembo Downloaded by [Copenhagen University Library] at 02:34 08 February 2016 Bleeker, 1858 (Table I; Figures 1–6) Sirembo Bleeker, 1858: 22 (type species Brotula imberbis Temminck & Schlegel, 1846 by subsequent designation of Vaillant (1888)); Cohen & Nielsen 1978: 19; Cohen & Robins 1986: 253; Nielsen et al. 1999: 88. Figure 4. Two morphometric characters (distance from snout to Brotella Kaup, 1858: 92 (type species Brotula imberbis pelvic fin origin and pelvic fin length (both in per cent SL)) and two meristic characters (number of dorsal fin rays anterior of the Temminck & Schlegel, 1846). second dark spot and number of dorsal fin rays covered by the Umalius Herre & Herald, 1951: 310 (type species second spot) plotted against SL in five species of Sirembo and Umalius philippinus Herre & Herald, 1951). three species of Spottobrotula. 116 J. G. Nielsen et al. Figure
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