CONSTRUCTION OF BALADJARI AND GANDJA LOCOMOTIVE MAINTENANCE WORKSHOPS

Republic of Azerbadjian

Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Environmmental Management Performance (EMP)

Task 3 - Preliminary Design for the Construction of Two Locomotive Maintenance WORKSHOPS BALADJARI and GANDJA

Project Lot Package Doc Type Seq. Num Version BGW ALL IMP 303 001 02

QUALITY WORKFLOW

Written by Reviewed by Approved by Name and Ilkin KANGARLI Jörg FISCHER Francisco ROMERO Fernando TURRIÓN Surname Lawyer Geographer PhD. Engineer. Production Engineer. Project Position Environmental Package manager. Manager consultant responsible. Date 18/08/2016 18/08/2016 18/08/2016 18/08/2016

DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION

Project BGW Baladjari and Gandja Locomotive Maintenance Workshops Lot ALL All lots Package IMP Impact Assessment Studies Document 303 Report Number 001 ‐ Version 02 Adaptation to national requirements.

DOCUMENT VERSION – RECORD OF THE MODIFICATIONS

Version Date Version description 01 15/12/2015 First issue. 02 18/08/2016 Adaptation to national requirements – publishing version ‐ ‐ ‐

Construction of Baladjari and Gandja Locomotive Maintenance Workshop

ABBREVIATIONS

ADY “Azerbaijan Railways” CJSC EA Environmental Assessment

EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMaP Environmental Management Plan

EMoP Environmental Monitoring Plan

EPMC Environmental Project Management and Control Consultant

IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development MENR Ministry of Ecology and National Resources

MPC Maximum Permitted Concentrations

PCDP Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan

SCE State Committee of Ecology SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment

SEE State Environmental Expertise

TPSD Technical and Production Service Department of ADY WB World Bank

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Construction of Baladjari and Gandja Locomotive Maintenance Workshops ...... 1 Quality Workflow ...... 2 Document identification ...... 2 Document version – Record of the modifications ...... 2 ABBREVIATIONS ...... 3 Table of contents ...... 4 List of Tables ...... 8 List of figure ...... 9 INTRODUCTION ...... 11 Background on Azerbaijan Railway Network and its’ Development Priorities ...... 11 Project brief ...... 13 Purpose of the document ...... 14 Safeguard policy ...... 16 Executive summary ...... 16 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO‐ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ...... 17 Climate ...... 18 Temperature ...... 18 Rainfall ...... 19 Solar radiation ...... 19 Local context of the project sites ...... 19 Geology ...... 21 The Local context of the project sites ...... 21 Seismicity ...... 22 The Local context of the project sites ...... 23 Surface and groundwater hydrology ...... 23 Rivers ...... 24 Lakes ...... 24 Reservoirs ...... 24 Channels ...... 24 Groundwaters ...... 25 The Local context of the project sites ...... 25 Landscape and vegetation ...... 26 Soils ...... 28

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Land use ...... 29 Biological Diversity ...... 31 Fishery and water ecology ...... 31 Wildlife...... 31 Flora ...... 32 Local context of project sites ...... 32 Protected territories ...... 33 Local context of the project sites ...... 33 Urban development ...... 33 Contemporary Land use at project sites ...... 35 Demographics ...... 37 Administrative divisions ...... 37 Economy ...... 37 Social groups and poverty ...... 38 Historic monuments, archaeological and cultural resources ...... 39 CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES ...... 41 General Environmental situation ...... 41 Preexisting environmental risks at the project sites ...... 41 Environmental conditions of the surroundings and potentially affected poblation ...... 41 The Local context at Baladjari project site ...... 42 The Local context at Gandja project site ...... 43 Briefing of environmental status on both sites ...... 46 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 47 Azerbaijan Environmental Legislation and Procedures ...... 47 Compliance of the International Finance Institutions (WB) policy ...... 48 Institutional arrangements ...... 49 Environmental assessment system ...... 49 Public Consultations ...... 50 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRELIMINARY CONSTRUCTION PROCESS ...... 52 General Layout of the Construction ...... 52 Baladjari Workshop ...... 52 GandjaWorkshop ...... 53 Demolitions and previous works ...... 53 Baladjari Workshop ...... 53 Gandja Workshop ...... 57 Earth movements/levelling works ...... 59

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Foundations and structures ...... 59 Divisions of the present Package ...... 59 Division nº1 and Division nº2: Main Facilities ...... 59 Division Nº1 and Division Nº2: Optional Facilities ...... 59 Division nº3: Civil Engineering Works ...... 60 Scope of Works ...... 61 Building facilities ...... 61 Building Facilities in workshop of Baladjari and Gandja ...... 61 Urbanization works ...... 62 Levelling, paving and gardens...... 62 Plot networks ...... 62 Power supply. Energy. Transformer building ...... 63 Contact Line. Catenary ...... 63 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION PROCESS – THE MAINTENANCE CONCEPT ...... 65 General information ...... 65 Maintainability design criteria ...... 65 Depot organization ...... 66 Satellite depot ...... 66 Main depot ...... 66 Exterior yard area for both satellite and main depots ...... 71 Warehouse, offices & premises for both satellite and main depots ...... 73 Other featuresfor both satellite and Main depots ...... 75 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE BALADJARI AND GANDJA WORKSHOPS ...... 77 Quality of the land surface ...... 79 Soil contamination ...... 79 Possible Impact on Water Resources...... 83 Air pollution and noise ...... 85 Vibrations ...... 87 Waste Management ...... 88 Abandoned machinery, scrap and junk removal ...... 88 Pre‐existing hazardous or toxic waste ...... 90 Asbestos ...... 91 Human Health and Labour: ...... 92 Electromagnetic disturbance ...... 93 Increased demand power supply ...... 93

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Light pollution ...... 93 Road access and pedestrian access ‐ traffic safety ...... 94 Cultural resources safeguard ...... 94 Sustainability considerations ...... 94 Waste Production And Potentially Harmful Emissions During Maintenance & Operation ...... 94 Resettlement ...... 96 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)...... 98 Mechanism plan for elimination of grievances ...... 98 Environmental Management during the Construction Phase ...... 99 8.3. Environmental Management during the Operation Phase ...... 104 PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND DISCLOSURE PLAN (PCDP) ...... 108 Communication and disclosure process ...... 109 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN (EMOP) ...... 110 Environmental monitoring during the Contruction Phase ...... 114 Environmental monitoring during the Operation Phase ...... 118 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ...... 120 LIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS OF AZERBAIJAN...... 122 ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS ‐STANDARIZATION...... 124 SNIP ‐ Environment ...... 124 SNIP‐Health and safety ...... 125 SNIP – Construction of railroad facilities ...... 128 BIBLIOGRAPHY (EIA) ...... 131

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1: Climate chart Baku ...... 20 Table 2: Climate chart Gandja ...... 20 Table 3: Baladjari Geotechnical parameters (Preliminary estimates)...... 23 Table 4: Gandja Geotechnical parameters (Preliminary estimates) ...... 23 Table 5: Water balance of Ganjachay and Goshgarchay rivers ...... 25 Table 6: Threatened species (totals by taxonomic group) ...... 32 Table 7: Population ...... 37 Table 8: Average monthly salary of population at the project area (manat) ...... 39 Table 9:. Health indicators (as per info of 2012) ...... 39 Table 10: Air contamination at Baladjari area ...... 42 Table 11: Background soil composition (after precipitation) ...... 43 Table 12: Pollution by heavy metals ...... 43 Table 13: Background radiation ...... 43 Table 14: Air Contamination ...... 44 Table 15: Background soil composition (after precipitation) ...... 45 Table 16:. Pollution by heavy metals ...... 45 Table 17: Background radiation ...... 45 Table 18. Surface water pollution (Monitored from Zurnaabad station on Ganjachay river) ...... 45 Table 19 Summary of guidance of the environmental procedure given in the Handbook...... 50 Table 20. Inventory of the main facilities amd building susceptible to domolition ...... 54 Table 21. Inventory of the main facilities and buildings susceptible to demolition ...... 58 Table 22: Heavy metal contents in analysed soil sample (Baladjari) ...... 81 Table 23: Heavy metal contents in analysed soil sample (Gandja) ...... 81 Table 24: Maximum threshold limits for soil contamination ...... 82 Table 25. Maximum thresholds regarding water contamination ...... 83 Table 26. Máximum thresholds regarding air contamination in urban environment ...... 86 Table 27. Maximal levels of noise in Aerbaijan ...... 86 Table 28. Potential Environmental impacts and their mitigation measures ...... 99 Table 29. OPERATION PHASE: Potential Environmental impacts and their mitigation measures ...... 104 Table 31: Environmental Monitoring Plan ‐ Impact reduction/mitigation measures ...... 114 Table 32: OPERATION PHASE: Environmental Monitoring Plan ‐ Impact reduction/mitigation measures ...... 118 Table 33: List of International and Regional Conventions ...... 120

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Table 34: List of Environmental Laws of Azerbaijan ...... 122

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 1: Baku‐Boyuk Kasik railway section ...... 12 Figure 2: ADY Railway network and Project sites...... 14 Figure 3: Baky‐Baladjari facilities ‐ topographical environment ...... 17 Figure 4: Gandja facilities ‐ topographical environment ...... 18 Figure 5: Mean annual precipitation and temperature in Azerbaijan ...... 19 Figure 6: Greater Baku‐Geology environment ...... 21 Figure 7: Gandja –Geology environment ...... 22 Figure 8: Landscape zones in Azerbaijan ...... 27 Figure 9: Bird’s eye view Greater Baku‐Baladjari facilities in the center ...... 27 Figure 10: Bird’s eye view Gandja city‐Gandja facilities in the center ...... 28 Figure 11: Land cover ...... 29 Figure 12: Landuse at Baku ...... 30 Figure 13: Land use at Gandja ...... 31 Figure 14: Greater Baku regional development Plan (2005‐2015) ...... 34 Figure 15: General Plan Gandja (2012) ...... 35 Figure 16: Aerial photo of the Project site at Baladjari ...... 36 Figure 17: Aerial photo of the Gandja Project site ...... 37 Figure 18: GDP per cápita ...... 38 Figure 19: Potentiall affected neighbourhood at Baladjari project site ...... 42 Figure 20: PotentiallY affected nEighbourhood at Gandja project site ...... 44 Figure 21: Baladjari – Project layout ‐ Main components ...... 52 Figure 22: Ganja – Project layout ‐ Main components ...... 53 Figure 23: Track removal at Baladjari workshop site ...... 54 Figure 24: Optional facilities ...... 60 Figure 25: Maintenance hall proposal ...... 60 Figure 26: Baladjari Workshop area ...... 63 Figure 27: Baladjari Maintenance hall ‐ subdivisions ...... 67 Figure 28: Washing unit ...... 68 Figure 29. Presumably Oil amd lubricant spilling (left). Track removal works at Baladjari workshop, Ties and sleepers with evidence of contamination (right) ...... 80 Figure 30: Existing track with oil spills...... 82

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Figure 31: Existing inspection pit at Gandja Workshop ...... 85 Figure 32: Abandoned machinery at Gandja workshop site ...... 89 Figure 33: Existing abandoned Workshop at Gandja (Asbestos containing roof) ...... 92 Figure 34: Track removal works at Baladjar ...... 93 Figure 35: Flow chart for grievance mitigation ...... 98 Figure 36: Flowchart of communication and disclose process – EIA revision ...... 109

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INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND ON AZERBAIJAN RAILWAY NETWORK AND ITS’ DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES

The first railway line in Azerbaijan then belonging to the Russian Empire was laid in 1878 and was opened in 1880 within the suburban range of Baku. The first long‐distance railway line was opened in 1883, which led from Baku to Tbilisi in Georgia. In 1900 railway lines were opened which connected Baku with Derbent and Petrovsk (Makhachkala) in Dagestan and thus connected Azerbaijan with the rest of the Russian Empire. Another railroad construction project was constructed in 1908, connecting Nakhchivan with Erivan (today Yerevan – the capital city of Armenia). Thus the development of the Azerbaijani Railway was for the time being considered final. State Independence of Azerbaijan was first declared in 1918 pending collapse of the Russian Empire due to Russian Revolution of 1917. Two years of the national Independence was marked by the continuous tensions with neighboring Armenia and the economic crisis neither of which did favor the national railroad development initiatives. Loss of the national Independence in 1920 and further inclusion of Azerbaijan into a newly formed Soviet Union had started a new period in the development process of national railways, which became part of the unified Soviet railways network. Due to the availability of electricity from the vast water power sources of Azerbaijan, the very early electrification of the railway lines of Azerbaijan began. In 1926 with the electrification with 1,2 kV (1,200 V) direct current of the railway line between Baku and Sabunchu, it became the first electrically operated railway line of the Soviet Union. Later electrifications took place with 3 kV (3,000 V) direct current. In 1924 the railway line was extended southwards reaching towns of Alat and Neftchala. In 1941 the railway line was extended from Horadiz and Minjivan through Armenia including a railway line extension to Kapan, to Julfa in the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan. By 1941 the railway line was also extended southwards to Astara (southern‐most town of Azerbaijan on its’ border with Iran). In 1944 the railway line was extended to Kətəlparaq, Ağdam and Khankendi in the Mountainous Garabagh. Until 1991 the railway traffic was operated in Azerbaijan by the Soviet Railway under supervision of the Soviet Traffic Ministry. The Azerbaijani branch of the Soviet Railways was divided into three departments of Baku, Gəncə and Nakhchivan. With the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1991, the Azerbaijan State Railways was established. Armenian‐Azerbaijan conflict over Mountainous Karabakh led to cutting and destruction of 240.4 km long railways in occupied territories of Garabagh and closure of the international railway connection between two states. Azerbaijan Railways play the major role in the transport network of the Caucasus. There is a significant strategic meaning of this railway line starting from the port situated in the capital Baku lying towards Georgia, Turkey and Western Europe, in the North to Russia and to Iran in South. Total operational length of the Azerbaijan Railways is 3261 km, 1250 km of it is electrified and comprises 60% of the total length. 459 km of the electrified railways is the single‐way, 791 km –is two‐way line. In 2009 the closed joint‐stock company "Azerbaijan Railways" ‐ the national operator of the railway network in Azerbaijan with 100% state capital, was founded on the basis of the Azerbaijan State Railways, functionally replacing it. ADY is a state‐owned company which operates as an independent economic entity and reports through its Director General directly to the Cabinet of Ministers of

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Azerbaijan. ADY has considerable commercial independence, and the authority to enter into contracts and incur debt denominated in foreign currencies. The improvement of the Azerbaijan Railways network has been appraised by the Government of Azerbaijan as one of the economic development factors for the country. Special attention has been paid by the Republic of Azerbaijan to the railways overhaul and improvement issues within the implementation framework of two state programs, i.e. “State Program on Modernization and Development of Automative Road Networks of Azerbaijan (2006‐2015)” and “State Program on Improvement of Railway Systems (2010‐2015)”. In this regard a large number of projects has been implementing at the expenses of the state budget and with support of the international financial institutions. A key project of these modernisation projects is the “Reconstruction of the electrified Baku‐ Boyuk Kasik railway section”.ADY is predominantly a freight railway, with freight trains comprising 90 per cent of total traffic unit‐kilometres operated, which are dominated by the transportation of oil and refined oil products. Freight traffic is increasing continuously; most of the increments had been on the Trans‐ Caucasian line through Azerbaijan and Georgia.

Figure 1: Baku‐Boyuk Kasik railway section

The biggest increment of the last years was in transit traffic from Kazakhstan. The construction of an oil transshipment sea terminal and oil filling station in Diubendi in 1998 has had a substantial impact. The terminal handles over 2,5 million tons of oil that was transported by rail to Batumi port (Georgia), for subsequent transport to Europe. Total length of main track is 2,932 km, and its operating length is 2,116 km. Of this, 815 km are double‐track lines and 1,272 km are double track and electrified (60%), and 845 km (40%) are operated by diesel‐electric locomotives. There are 176 stations, of which Baladjari and Shirvan are large automatic marshalling yards, 12 stations are equipped with container yards with appropriate equipment, and 3 stations are processing large‐size containers.

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Today, in the light of economic and political developments, ADY sees its’ topmost strategic objective in improvement of its traffic base, development of new and promotion of existing international links, particularly to Russia and the Black Sea, and rebuilding of its’ infrastructure. ADY’s priority corridor is the Trans‐Caucasian line, where traffic has been and is increasing most rapidly.

PROJECT BRIEF

One of the most important post‐Soviet initiatives aiming to bring new breath into Azerbaijan’s and region’s railway infrastructure is the “Baku‐Tbilisi‐Kars” project intended to complete a transport corridor linking Azerbaijan to Turkey (and therefore Central Asia and China to Europe) by rail. The line is intended to transport an initial annual volume of 6.5 million tonnes, rising to a long‐term target of 17 million tonnes. Project idea was first discussed in July 1993, as alternative to the currently closed Kars–Gyumri–Tbilisi railway, which go through Armenia. A multi‐lateral accord to build the link was signed by the three countries in January 2005. In February 2007 in Tbilisi, Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey signed a trilateral agreement to launch the construction of the railroad. Originally planned to be completed in 2010, the project had faced a number of economic and political factors leading to subsequent delays in its’ actual implementation timeframes. Currently it is assumed that the line will be completed in 2017. Benefits promised by future exploitation of Baku‐Tbilisi‐Kars international railroad make improving the on‐route railway infrastructure a country’s nuber one priority. One of the measures initiated by ADY with view to improve quality of services provided in Azerbaijan, is the reconstruction of Locomotive depot in Baladjari (Baku) and depot in Gandja. The Project have been included within the railroads’ long term development program of the last 15 years as key points of the Railway’s reconstruction program. Baku Locomotive depot carries out major‐repair works of electric engines, electric locomotives and trains. Baladjari and Imishli locomotive depots carry out major repair of diesel ‐ electric locomotives. Major repair of rolling stock is carried out in Gandja depot. The main project objective is to modernize and improve effectiveness of the operational management of the capacity, competitiveness, profitability and efficiency of the Azerbaijan Railways (ADY).

The project consists of the following components:

 Component 1: Construction of Baladjari locomotive maintenance workshops  Component 2: Construction of Gandja locomotive maintenance workshops

Including all auxiliary installations (new tracks, hangar/warehouses, transformer stations, operational building, road access, etc.).The location of the proposed locomotive maintenance workshops is displayed in the following figure.

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Figure 2: ADY Railway network and Project sites

PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT

Although the construction of Baladjari and Gandja Locomotive Maintenance Workshops isn’t presumed to to raise major environmental issues, this preliminary environmental impact assessment is developed with the intention to provide environmental information to facilitate introducing all environmental issues, identifying all potential impacts and defining the possible mitigation procedures to be considered in both, project layout design and construction, operation and maintenance procedures. This report has been prepared on the basis of Azerbaijan Laws on the Protection of Environment (1999) and Ecological Security (1999) as well as the Handbook on the Process of Environmental Impact Assessment in Azerbaijan (1996). The other key document providing guidance is the World Bank’s #4.01 OP/BP/GP Guidelines for Environmental Assessment. In order to better emphasise the project and project area’s properties some changes have been made to the chapters’ headlines and content.1 The public consultation and disclosure process and the control of the implementation of the Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMP) will be implemented by a local Environmental Project Management and Control consultant (EPMC).

1 THE WORLD BANK OPERATIONAL MANUAL OP 4.01 Operational Policies. Environmental Assessment

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SAFEGUARD POLICY

Most international financial institutions require environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed for Development agencies/bank financing to help ensure that they are environmentally sound and sustainable, and thus improve decision making. Environmental assessment is a process which breadth, depth, and type of analysis depend on the nature, scale, and potential environmental impact of the proposed project. Environmental Assessment evaluates a project’s potential environmental risks and impacts in its area of influence; examines project alternatives; identifies ways of improving project selection, siting, planning, design, and implementation by preventing, minimizing, mitigating, or compensating for adverse environmental impacts and enhancing positive impacts; and includes the process of mitigating and managing adverse environmental impacts throughout project implementation. All international institution favours preventive measures over mitigation or compensation measures, whenever feasible. Environmental Assessment should take into account the natural environment (air, water, and land); population, human health and safety; social aspects; and global environmental aspects. It also should take into account the potential variations in project and country conditions; the findings of country environmental studies; national environmental action plans; the country’s overall policy framework, national legislation, and institutional capabilities related to the environment and social aspects; and obligations of the country, pertaining to project activities, under relevant international environmental treaties and agreements.

 Generic initial screening to determine appropriate environmental compliance with existing environmental regulations in Azerbaijan;  Linkages with social assessment where possible;  Analysis of alternatives;  Public participation and consultation with affected people and organizations and their stakeholders; and  Disclosure of information.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The environmental issues that have been identified under this Preliminary Environmental Assessment are: (i) noise from the construction works and operation of equipment; (ii) dust and exhaust smoke from demolition and construction; (iii) impacts associated with operation of new workshops and the AC locomotives to be maintained in these installations; (iv) impact caused by installation or upgrading of power sub‐stations; (v) land and water contamination by possible oil and fuel leakages; (vi) land and water contamination by pre‐existing hazardous wastes; (vii) waste management; (viii) impacts associated with the electrification and upgrade or replacement of signalling system. The preliminary analysis of the potential impacts is intended to lead to defining the mitigation procedures to be implied to the project layout and the construction process design.

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO‐ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

Baku (Azerbaijani: Bakı) is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, and placed on the shores of the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal parts: actually the city of Baku itself and the Larger Baku area comprising city’s satellite towns and industrial areas. With is lowest altitude of 28 metres below sea level on Caspian seacoast, actual Baku is located in the southern part of Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. Larger Baku occupies nearly the entire Absheron peninsula and part of Gobustan semi‐desert located in the west. Larger Baku’s area equals 2.2 thsd km2. At the beginning of 2009, Baku's urban population was estimated at just over two million people. Officially, about 25 percent of all inhabitants of the country live in Baku's metropolitan area. Baladjari is the one on Baku’s satellite townships and located in the east of Larger Baku area. Township’s population is 45,008 people. Baladjari municipality comprises settlments of Baladjari and Sulutepe. Baladjari hosts the largest railway junction of the entire South Caucasus region.

Figure 3: Baky‐Baladjari facilities ‐ topographical environment Gandja (Azerbaijani: Gəncə) is Azerbaijan's second‐largest city with a population of around 330.000. Gandja is located on both banks of the river Gandja Chay. It was named Elisabethpol during the Russian Empire period. The city regained its original name Gandja in 1920 during the first part of its incorporation into the Soviet Union. However, its name was changed again in 1935 to Kirovabad and retained it throughout the later Soviet period. Finally in 1989, during Perestroika, the city regained the original name.

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Figure 4: Gandja facilities ‐ topographical environment

CLIMATE

Climate of Azerbaijan is heavily impacted by its’ geographic location, landscape peculiarities and the Caspian Sea. Although country is located basically in the subtropical zone, it has a broad variety of climatic conditions represented by its’ semidesert and dry steppe, subtropical, mild and cold moderate types. As much as eight of eleven climate types determined according to Köppen climate classification are present in Azerbaijan, starting from humid subtropical climate of Talysh mountains in the south through cold tundra climate in high‐altitude mountains of both Lesser and Greater Caucasus ranges.

TEMPERATURE

The temperature regime and its country‐wide distribution depend on the features of the entering air masses, local landscapes and proximity to the Caspian Sea. Country’s average annual temperature constitutes 14–15 °C in the Kur‐Araz Lowland, coastal regions to the south of Apsheron Peninsula, and in the Lenkoran Lowland. Average temperatures normally decline as the altitudes increase, reaching 4–5 °C at up to 2000‐3000 m and 1–2 °C at higher than 3,000 m altitudes. Along the shores of the Caspian Sea it is temperate, while the higher mountain elevations are generally cold. Baku, on the Caspian, enjoys mild weather that averages 4 °C in January and 25 °C in July.

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RAINFALL

Physiographic conditions and different atmosphere circulations admit 8 types of air currents including continental, sea, arctic, tropical currents of air that formulates the climate of the Republic. The maximum annual precipitation falls in Lenkeran (1,600 to 1,800 mm.) and the minimum in Absheron (200 to 350 mm.). The maximum daily precipitation of 334 mm was observed at the Bilieser Station in 1955.

SOLAR RADIATION

The Azerbaijani plains and foothills have high insolation rates. The sun shines for 2,200 to 2,400 hours annually on the Kur‐Araz lowland, Apsheron peninsula and other plains and foothills, and 2,600 to 2,800 hours on the plains around the Araz river in the Nakhchivan region. Due to increased cloudiness in the mountainous regions, those areas receive only 1,900 to 2,200 hours of direct sunlight. The total annual radiation equals 128–132 kcal/cm2, declining to 120–124 kcal/cm2 in lower and middle‐altitude mountains and reaching 140–150 kcal/cm2 in highlands of above 3000 m. The total amount of solar radiation affecting the Araz plains in Nakhchivan makes up 148–150 kcal/cm2. It increases in the mountains, reaching 152–160 kcal/cm2. The solar radiation on the country's plains and foothills amounts to 40–50 kcal/cm2; in Lenkoran, 50–60 kcal/cm2; in the mountains, 15–25 kcal/cm2.

Figure 5: Mean annual precipitation and temperature in Azerbaijan

LOCAL CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT SITES

Baku has a mild continental and semi‐arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk) with warm and dry summers, cool and occasionally wet winters. However, unlike many other cities at this latitude, Baku does not experience extremely hot summers due to the proximity to the Caspian Sea. Precipitations are low (only 210 mm per year) and the sunshine hours are elevated (2207.4 hr/year). From the ancient times Baku and Absheron peninsula are known as an area of strong winds. Average

Ingerop ESIA &EMP– BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Page 19 / 132 Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Environmmental Management Performance (EMP) annual wind velocity varies between 6‐8 m/sec, while the average of 100‐145 days/year have winds of over 15 m/sec velocity. Alike other coastal areas of Azerbaijan, Baku is distinguished for high level of humidity reaching 75‐80%.

Table 1: Climate chart Baku

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Avg. high Temperature 6.6 6.3 9.8 16.4 22.1 27.3 30.6 29.7 25.6 19.6 13.5 9.7 18.9 [°C] Daily mean Temperature 4.4 4.2 7.0 12.9 18.5 23.5 26.4 26.3 22.5 16.6 11.2 7.3 14.5 [°C] Avg. low Temperature 2.1 2.0 4.2 9.4 14.9 19.7 22.2 22.9 19.4 13.6 8.8 4.8 12.0 [°C] Average precipitation 21 20 21 18 18 8 2 6 15 25 30 26 210 [mm] Avg. precipitation days 6 6 5 4 3 2 1 2 2 6 6 6 49

Snow days 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 10

Sunshine hours [hr] 89.9 89.0 124.0 195.0 257.3 294.0 313.1 282.1 222.0 145.7 93.0 102.3 2207.4

The daily mean temperature in July and August averages 26.4 °C, and there is very little rainfall during that season. During summer the “khazri” winds sweep through the city, bringing desired coolness from the north. Winter is cool and occasionally wet, with the daily mean temperature in January and February averaging 4.3 °C. During winter the “khazri” wind blows from the north, driven by polar air masses; temperatures on the coast frequently drop below freezing and make it feel bitterly cold. Winter snow storms are occasional; snow usually melts within a few days after each snowfall. Gandja, similar to Baku, has mild continental and semi‐arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSk) with warm and dry summers, cool and occasionally wet winters.

Table 2: Climate chart Gandja

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Avg high Temperature 6,5 6,8 11,9 19,2 23,4 27,9 31,7 29,9 26 19,3 12,6 8,3 18,6 [°C] Daily mean Temperature 1,4 2,2 6,2 13,1 17,8 21,9 25,4 24,3 20,6 13,8 8,3 4,1 13,3 [°C] Avg, low Temperature −2,3 −1,2 2,2 7,7 12,2 16,3 19,5 18,3 15,2 9,2 4,5 0 8,5 [°C]°C Avg precipitation mm 10 17 32 30 42 46 23 18 16 32 14 18 298

Avg. precipitation days 4 5 5 6 9 7 3 4 3 6 3 4 59 Mean annual temperature of air is 10‐140C. The daily mean temperature in summer averages 24 °C given that the number of days with temperatures of more than 35oC averages at 10 days/year. Area’s annual land surface temperature averages at 16oC (usually there is very little rainfall during summers). Winter is cool and occasionally wet, with the daily mean temperature in January and February averaging 1.4 °C. Annual minimum temperature of air is from minus 12 to minus 14, absolute maximum ‐ 37‐400C. Rainfall is moderate and varies between 200‐600 mm/year averaging at 300‐400 mm. Winds are coming generally from the northwest or southeast, averaging at 2 m/sec. Number of days with over 15 m/sec winds varies between 25‐70 days/year. West direction winds dominate in the area with 19‐ 22%. Northern‐west and east direction wind is between 10‐15%. The number of days with hails in a year is 1‐3, lightining ‐15‐25 days. The quantity of annual evaporation is high with 800‐1000m. Relative moisture of air is 50‐60%. Sustainable snowpack isn’t registered in the area. Ganja’s annual solar radiation amounts up to 122‐144 kcal/cm2. Total amount of sunny period makes up 2000‐2400 hours/year.

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GEOLOGY

Being part of the Alpine‐Himalayan mountain‐fold belt, Azerbaijan’s geology is represented by the folded structures within southeastern segments of Greater and Lesser Caucasus mountain systems as well as Kur intermountain, Middle and South Caspian basins. Thickness of the country’s earth crust varies between 38‐55 km with maximal values registered under Greater Caucasus mountains and minimal thicknesses detected in Talysh piedmonts. Country’s geological structure is built by pre‐ Cambrian‐to‐recent sedimentary, volcanosedimentary, volcanic and continental formations.

THE LOCAL CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT SITES

 Baku‐Baladjari area The Baladjari workshop is located on the Apsheron peninsula. On the Apsheron Peninsula and in the Apsheron and Baku archipelagos major deposits of petroleum and natural gas are concentrated in a productive stratum from the middle Pliocene and in deposits of Maikop formation from the Oligocene and early Neogene. The surface substrates in the Baladjari area are basically quaternary sands, loams and clays, overlaying Neogene and Oligocene mudstones and mud‐rich turbidites and deepwater lacustrine deposits (Upper Pliocene).

Figure 6: Greater Baku‐Geology environment

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 Gandja area The central part of Azerbaijan belongs to the Kura intermontain depression area, which is characterized by a very thick layer of accumulated molasse from the Neogene and Quaternary. The city of Gandja is located on a fossil alluvial fan, of sediment deposits built up by streams coming down from north face of the lesser Caucasus. Recently dissected by the two main rivers, the Gandja and the Qoscarçay river, this alluvial fan was built up by these rivers with sediments carried down from the mountainous chains of the lesser Caucasus during the lower and upper Pleistocene. The substrates are primary gravel, sands, loams and clays. In the surroundings of the emplacement of the Gandja workshop two major cartographical units are present: Alluvial and proluvial deposits ‐ Upper Pleistocene Alluvial and proluvial deposits ‐ Lower Pleistocene

Figure 7: Gandja –Geology environment

SEISMICITY

Azerbaijan saw devastating earthquakes since the ancient times. The first reports on "an overall devastating event that destroyed all towns and villages" is dated back to 427 AD. In 1139 AD, a devastating earthquake with the magnitude of IX MMS (Moment Magnitude Scale) took place in Azerbaijan. As a consequence of this earthquake the town of Gandja was destroyed completely, and Goygol Lake was generated as a result of the landslides and rockfalls generated by the earthquake. In the AD 19th century, the area of Shamahy, at the northern limit of the Kura trough suffered several

ESIA&EMP – BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Ingerop Page 22 / 132 Construction of Baladjari and Gandja Locomotive Maintenance Workshop devastating earthquakes. Some of them were considered to be some of the strongest and most devastating, reaching magnitudes between VII and X points MMS (moment magnitude scale).

THE LOCAL CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT SITES

According to that information the Gandja area is supposed to be a high seismically‐hazardous zone. The majority of Baku city territory is also subject to seismic impact with VII‐VIII intensity MMS. At occurrence of local event, more than third of the city is supposed to be subject to seismic impact with IX intensity (MMS), characterized as high seismically‐hazardous zone.

 Geotechnical constraints The preliminary assessment of the geotechnical constraints and seismic affections has been estimated without having received the specific Geotechnical study. The geotechnical situation at the Baladjari facilities is considered to be regular due to the high contents in clays and salts and the low compactation levels of the substrates.

Table 3: Baladjari Geotechnical parameters (Preliminary estimates)

Preliminary estimate Allowable bearing capacity: Cp (kg/cm2) 0.8 Seismicity‐ Basic accelerations Ab: 0.4

The geotechnical situation at the Gandja facilities is considered to be medium to favourable due to geological substrates containing gravels and sands and low compacting levels.

Table 4: Gandja Geotechnical parameters (Preliminary estimates)

Preliminary estimate The allowable bearing capacity Cp (kg/cm2) : 1.2 Seismicity‐Basic accelerations Ab: 0.5

These preliminary estimates are going to be verified through the specific geological report which currently is being elaborated.

SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY

Key water facilities related to hydrographic network ‐ rivers, lakes and water reservoirs were allotted irregularly in different natural provinces of Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijan remains behind South Caucasus states subject to index of ground water resources per km2 of area and per capita of population. So that 62% of total water reserve (310 bln. m3 ) of South Caucasus is shared by Georgia, 28% by Armenia and only 10% by Azerbaijan. Countrywide water reserves total to average 35 bln. m3

Ingerop ESIA &EMP– BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Page 23 / 132 Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Environmmental Management Performance (EMP) that out of 5 bln. m3 are underground water. No sufficient water reserve exists in Azerbaijan in order to meet demand of the population for potable water and needs of agriculture.

RIVERS

The main sources of water in Azerbaijan are the surface waters. However, only 24 of the 8350 rivers are greater than 100 km in length. All the rivers drain into the Caspian in the east of the country, through three main river basins ‐ the Caspian Basin, (rivers draining directly into the Caspian), the Kura basin (in western and central Azerbaijan) and the Araz basin. The average density of river networks is 0.39 km per km2 , with most of the rivers occurring in the Kura basin. Rainfall produces the greatest impact on the hydrologic regime of the surface river flows. The melting process influences river flow from early April through May until June, even in summer time. Low river basins are less influenced by the precipitation in spring and summer periods. Occasionally heavy rainfalls may occur in July and August, leading to floods and causing agricultural damages. Severe floods have been registered in the rivers of the slopes of Greater and Lesser Caucasus. On the whole, rivers of the Azerbaijan Republic are divided into two groups, according to their water regime: 1) rivers of permanent regime; 2) rivers of non‐permanent/episodic flood regime. Flood rivers are the Lenkoran rivers and episodic rivers of Gobustan. Other rivers are included into the first group of rivers.

LAKES

Of the 300 natural lakes in Azerbaijan, only six cover more than 10km2 of land area. The total area of these six lakes makes up 83 % (250 km2 ) of the total lake area. The lakes of the Kura and Araz basins (in the lowlands) are affected by upstream water management, causing an increase in salinity (5000‐ 13000 mg/L), and a reduction in fish populations. Lakes on the Absheron Peninsula (on the shores of the Caspian) have become salinated as a result of upstream management and polluted by industrial and domestic waste (especially from oil fields). In addition, the number and size of lakes in this area are being artificially increased. Lakes in the mountainous area tend to be small (the total area of the 90 mountain lakes is 2 km2 ), but face few anthropogenic threats, because of their distance from settlements and industry.

RESERVOIRS

In the last 40‐50 years many water reservoirs have increased five‐fold, so that they now cover 1070 km2 . Total volume of these artificial lakes is 22.66 km3 , but only 11.24 km3 is usable water. The biggest of these by far is Mingachevir Reservoir, located along the River Kura which has a total volume of 16 km3 and covers some 625km2 . The water in reservoirs is used primarily for electricity production and irrigation purposes.

CHANNELS

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A dense network of channels irrigates more than 1300 ha of drought prone land. The channels also carry clean water to a number of settlements, although approximately 40% of fresh water in Azerbaijan is taken from subsoil reserves.

GROUNDWATERS

Azerbaijan has 18 hydrogeological basins with porous‐stratal, porous‐fractured and fractured water resources, distinguished in 8 hydrogeological regions. Main stock of potable and low‐mineralized groundwater in Azerbaijan is found in porous‐stratal basins of submontane plains in Kura‐Araz lowland and porous‐stratal basin of Samur‐Gusarchay valley. In the mountainous areas groundwater mainly occurs in the zones of weathering and tectonic disruptions. Groundwater resources found in alluvial formations forming the floodplains and the layers beneath riverbeds have a great economic importance. Greatest underground flow rates reach 40‐60 thousand m3/day. Foothill and intermountain plains (Samur‐Gusarchay, Gyanja‐Gazakh, Sheki‐Zagatala, Shirvan, Mill‐Garabagh, Jabrail, Lenkoran and Nakhchivan porous‐stratal groundwater basins) are rich in fresh and low‐ mineralized groundwater. The potential usable reserves of fresh and low‐mineralized groundwater in Azerbaijan are estimated at 24 mln m3/day. Estimated mineral water reserves in the Azerbaijani sector of the Kur river basin amount to 20.000 m3/day; thermal water reserves total 130.000 m3/day.

THE LOCAL CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT SITES

The Baladjari area is located in the desert on the Absheron peninsula. Due to the absence of important precipitations the area is characterized by small endorheic watersheds mouthing in endorheic lakes, marshes and saltpans. There are no permanent water courses and the poor developed drainage system surface hydrologic resources are drained to the endorheic water bodies distributed all over the Absheron peninsula. The workshop area is supposed to be free of flooding risks. There is large Jeyranbatan reservoir as well as Masazyr and Boyuk Shor lakes located on Balajari’s northwest, north and east. Non of these relatively large water reservoirs will impose impact on or get affected by the operation of designed depots. The geological substrates of the Absheron peninsula, dominated by clays and mudstones shows very low permeability and the subsurface can be considered to be impermeable. There is no remarkable groundwater body and the few groundwater lenses are supposed to be highly polluted by the petroleum extracting activities. Gandja city is located on the foothill and intermountain plains of Kur intermountain depression. The Gandja sediment fan is dissected by Gandja and Goshgarchay ‐ two rivers with permanent discharge, which are draining the northern slopes of the lesser Caucasus mountain range. Below table provides for the water balance of Ganjachay and Goshgarchay rivers (mln m3):

Table 5: Water balance of Ganjachay and Goshgarchay rivers

Flow structure River basin Area, Precipitation Flow Evaporation Surface Subsurface

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km2 mm/year m3/sec m3/sec m3/sec mm/year Goshgarchay 798 346,9 86,3 45,4 40,9 260,6 Ganjachay 752 400,6 161 69,3 91,7 239,6

The area of the Gandja workshop lies in a fossil valley of one of these rivers but elevated on the sediment fan over the drainage level of both permeant rivers. Currently no permanent drainage line can be observed in the surroundings of the workshop area and no flooding risk is detected. On the top of the debris cones groundwater forms a single unconfined aquifer, while in the central and peripheral parts, where clay and mud fills emerge, the unconfined aquifer splits in one unconfined and several confined aquifers. Almost all of the intramountain basins contain one unconfined and several confined aquifers. The alluvial sediments of the foothill area are supposed to be highly permeable and the geotechnical investigation will bring some more information about the depth of the piezo metric level of the porous stratal water basin. The documentation revised shows several unconfined and confined groundwater bodies. The vulnerability of upper, non‐confined groundwater body is supposed to be very high, but horizontal stratification may reduce the risk of propagation of the pollution to the lower confined groundwater bodies.

LANDSCAPE AND VEGETATION

The geomorphologic and climatic factors have a strong influence on the distribution of different landscape zones. The following landscape zones are available in the territory of Azerbaijan.

 The semi‐desert landscape zone located in the Kur‐Araz lowland, the Samur‐Davachi lowland, Absheron Peninsula and Sharur‐Ordubad lowland.  The plain meadow and forest landscape zone present in the Sultanbud area of Shollar plain, Lankaran lowland, Alazan‐ Eyrichay valley and Karabakh  The mountain steppes landscape is located in low mountain zones, at height of 800‐1200 m  The semi‐desert mountain landscape is distributed in Gobustan, around the Ajinohur lake, in Jeyranchol and Nakhichevan  The forest landscape zone is present on the slopes of republican mountains at height of 800‐2200 meter  The forest‐shrub landscape is present in Khojsen‐Goychay (Akharbakhar) and Langabiz ranges, in southern slopes of Qaramaryam, as well as in south‐west of Zangilan region,  The high mountainous meadow landscape is located in the Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains, characterised by forest and subalpine lowlands  The rocky landscape is located at altitudes higher than 3000m characterised by subnival and nival‐glacial areas.

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Figure 8: Landscape zones in Azerbaijan2

 The Local context of the project sites Baku: The Baladjari area is embedded in the Absheron peninsula which is formed by undulated hilly landscapes with slightly dissected terraced plains with wormwood‐saltwort vegetation, generally a scarce vegetation cover on gray desert and gray‐brown soils, sometimes saline soils. Currently the original landscape is highly transformed by the urban process.

Figure 9: Bird’s eye view Greater Baku‐Baladjari facilities in the center

2 http://azerbaijans.com

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Gandja: is locate on the foothill of the lesser Caucasus mountain range and intramountain plains of the Kura trough, a inclined, undulated, slightly dismembered plain with wormwood‐ephemeral forb vegetation on chestnut soils.

Figure 10: Bird’s eye view Gandja city‐Gandja facilities in the center

SOILS

The relief and climate plays an important role in the formation of Azerbaijan’s top‐soil. As a result of the influence of these factors soil on the territory of Azerbaijan Republic are located in the vertical zones. The soils are of 25 types, and divided into 60 sub‐types. Chestnut (gray‐brown) soils spread between 400‐800 m. of elevations. Gradually the light chestnut soils replace chestnut and dark chestnut soils. In mountains at 700‐2000 m. of height the mountain‐forest soils were formed. In lower zones, relatively dry areas brown mountain‐forest soils are spread. In upper parts brown mountain‐forest soils can be found. Black soils are located in south‐east of the Great Caucasus, in the north of Karabakh and Murovdagh mountains ranges. In lower parts of the Talysh Mountains and Lankaran lowland yellow and red soils are available. Steppe‐forest soils cover areas at Alazan‐Ayrichay valley, Samur‐Davachi lowland and Shollar meadow. In the northern foothills of the Talysh Mountains alluvial‐meadow soils, on the banks of Kyzylaghaj Gulf, along the Kura River and Shirvan collector the marsh‐meadow soils were formed. The local context of the project sites Baladjari. The soil cover of Absheron Peninsula is represented mainly by species of gray‐brown soils. Gray‐brown soils are characterized by low content of humus (1.2‐1.8%), alkaline environment, increased accumulation of clay particles in the solonetz horizons in comparative impoverishment by these particles of the surface horizon, as well as low absorption capacity (about 20 mg‐eq. in 100 gr of soil). Careful care, fertilizing and watering are required for plantgrowth.

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At Baku‐Baladjari workshop site the natural soil horizons are represented by grey desert soils (sierozems) with scarce soil horizons typical for the arid subtropics with inclusions of Solonchak soils (pale or grey soil type of arid to subhumid conditions, with salt accumulations in poorly drained conditions). Analysis of the degree of soil cover pollution in Absheron peninsula showed that in all cases the degree of pollution by oil exceeded background rates adopted for the whole territory of Azerbaijan ‐ 1.1 g/kg. The degree of contamination of soil cover of various areas of Absheron peninsula by hydrocarbons corresponded to the degree of technogenic load. Binagadi is the one of most soil‐ contaminated districts of Larger Baku. Oil contamination level of the district’s soils varies from 20 to 30 g/kg. Full operation of the biological stage of recultivation is required to cleanup the area’s soils from more than 150 year old contamination. Ganja. Area’s soil forming formations are represented by coarsely clastic proluvial and alluvial‐ proluvial clayey and loamy deposits. Situated on lowland, Ganja has a soil built by layers of ancient alluvial sandy clay. In its’ baseline condition, Ganja’s territory is located on rebrown‐meadow soils.

Figure 11: Land cover

LAND USE

57.6% of Azerbaijan’s total lands are agricultural, of which 22.8% are arable, 2.7% ‐ permanent crops and 32.1% are permanent pastures. 11.3% of land are covered by forests and 31.1% are represented by badlands, wetlands, roads and settlement areas (The World Factbook of CIA, 2011). 77% of the national land resources are used. Azerbaijan is one of those countries, with less utilized agricultural area. The total land fund of the Azerbaijan Republic makes up 8641.5 thousand hectares and 4769.8 thousand hectares of it or 55% is fit for agriculture. 1435.2 Thousand hectares is irrigated land. The sowing area makes up 1884.3 thousand hectares of the area that is fit for agriculture in the land balance. 230.3 thousand hectares of the land that is fit for agriculture are long‐term plantings, 2614,2 thousand hectares are pastures and hayfields. Courtyards make up 258.1 thousand hectares (227.6 thousand hectares of which is fit for agriculture) and forests make up 1040.2 thousand hectares in the country. Annual decreas in the

Ingerop ESIA &EMP– BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Page 29 / 132 Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Environmmental Management Performance (EMP) total land resource, also agricultural lands, as well as sowings per capita is observed in Azerbaijan. Thus, the total land area per capita decreased from 2.26 hectares in 1960 to 0.97 hectares in 2013. Also, during these years the arable lands per capita decreased from 1.09 hectares to 0.5 hectares and cultivated lands from 0,38 hectares to 0,20 hectares. The Local context of the project sites At both sites the urban and industrial development replaced the natural conditions and the areas are completely transformed by the urbanistic process.

Figure 12: Landuse at Baku

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Figure 13: Land use at Gandja

BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Due to geological history and variable climate conditions Azerbaijan possesses the richest biological diversity among all other South Caucasus countries. Nine biomes of Azerbaijan are home to some 4500 species of multicellular plants, accounting for 64% of plant kingdom of whole Caucasus region and 24% of that of the former Soviet Union. 168 species of plants out of 600 belong exclusively to the flora of Azerbaijan, while 432 ‐ to the Caucasus flora. 18 thousand species of animals are registered in Azerbaijan. The contemporary fauna of Azerbaijan includes 97 species of mammals, 357 species of birds, nearly 100 species of fish, 67 species and subspecies of reptiles and amphibians and nearly 15 thousand species of insects. 140 rare and endangered species are included into the Red Book of Azerbaijan.There are many relict and endemic types noted at the country’s territory. The Red Book of Azerbaijan includes 14 mammal species (ceyran gazelle, leopard, bezoar goat, mountain sheep, etc), 36 bird species (partridge, bustard, shrike, little bustard, spoon‐bill, etc), 13 species of amphibians and reptiles (triton, Syrian garlic frog, Esculapus snake), 5 fish species ( eel, trout, zosterops, etc) and 40 insect species and subspecies (Talysh eodorcadion, Apollo, Talysh Brahmaea, etc.). But some of these resources go down due to a negligent or poor environmental management during the Soviet Union and Post‐Soviet period. At the same time high pollution levels can be observed locally, especially in areas related to the hydrocarbon industry. Though a development in a better direction is noted, basically due to the attention paid at national and international level to biological variety programs. The Government of Azerbaijan has ratified the several international agreements, especially the Biodiversity Convention.

FISHERY AND WATER ECOLOGY

There are 98 species of fish in Azerbaijan, eight of which are of introduced non‐native species. High‐ level pollution of water and overused fishing has seriously impacted fish resources in the country lately. Despite a serious attention paid to the Caspian sturgeon generally there is a decrease in fish resources. The main fish resources are Caspiomyzon wagneri, Salmo caspius, Chondrostoma cyri, Varicorhinus capoeta, Chalcalburmus chalcoides and Cyprinus carpio, Barbus lacerta and Barbus mursa, Nemachilus brandti, Lucioperca, Abramis brama, Aspius aspius andSilurus glanis.

WILDLIFE

Fauna of Azerbaijan covers approx. 107 species of mammals, 394 species of birds, 101 species of fish, 54 species of invertebrate and 10 species of amphibians. Knowledge of endangered fauna is based on the Red Book of Azerbaijan, Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources(IUCN). The “a” to be marked at the end of the kind name means that this kind is enrolled in the Red Book of Azerbaijan, “b”‐ means iUCN (red list) and “c” means that this kind is in the both in Azerbaijan and world’s red book. These species include a large number of mammals, like jackal (Canis aureus), wolf (Canis lupus), as well as the red fox, a specific habitant for these area.

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Moreover other mammals, such as European Barbastella barbastellab, ordinary rabbit (Lepus europaeus) and steppe rat (Microtus socialis) can be noted. The bird fauna includes the following species: Circaetus gallicusa, Aquila heliaca, Circus macrourusb, migratory, Falco cherruga, Falco tinnunculus, Falco naumann P, Tetrax tetraxc and locally Alectoris chukar, Pterocles orientalisa, ordinary pigeon Columba liva, Galerida cristata and Oenanthe isabellina. Amongst the amphibian group, species like frogs (Pelobates syriacusa, Bufo bufo, Bufo viridis, Rana ridibunda are recorded in the proximity of rivers, irrigation channels, lakes and wetland. Amongst the reptiles, species like Vipera lebetina, Agama caucasica, turtles Testudo graeca, Mauremys caspica are included in this fauna categoriy. Carabus scabrosus and Calosoma sycophantaa; (Parnassius apollo), Colias aurorinaa and Manduca atroposa butterflies are included in the list of rare species of insects.

FLORA

Azerbaijan can be divided into a number of biogeographical regions, although the number and location of these regions is dependant on the method of classification. Classification using floral and topographical distinctions defines 20 distinct regions. The country is dominated by Mediterranean plant communities (50%), boreal plant communities (30%), and Caucasus plant communities (5%). The flora of Azerbaijan is very rich and there are more than 4,500 sort of plants. Flora has a high level of endemism (7% of all the sorts). Very ancient sorts of the tertiary are spread over the country including iron‐tree Parrotia persica, Lenkoran akasiya Albizzia julibrissin, Quercus castaneifolia and Caucasus dates. Oak Quercus sp., hornbeam Carpinus sp. Pistachio‐tree Fagus sp. and birch‐trees Acer sp. cover the forests at the bottom and top of the mountainous area. Rare and endangered species are being recorded and the 10% of the plant sorts is assessed in the initial state by the Report of the Boidiversity Convention but none of these kinds were enrolled in the Red list of IUCN. Currently the Botanical Institution of the National Academy of Sciences realizes the works in this direction.

Table 6: Threatened species (totals by taxonomic group)

Country Mammals Birds Reptiles* Amphibians Fishes* Molluscs* Other Plants* Total* Inverts*

Azerbaijan 7 15 9 1 10 2 4 0 48 Source: IUCN Red List 2013

LOCAL CONTEXT OF PROJECT SITES

There are semi‐desert, semi‐arid plants prevailing at the project areas. Other kinds of trees and shrubs are observed near to the residential areas. As mentioned above, the project works will be carried out at the existing railway installations which have no environmental significance. Due to the preexisting human intervention at the entire project sites no significant natural vegetation could be observed.

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PROTECTED TERRITORIES

The Caucasus is defined by the World Wildlife Fund of (WWF) as one of the 25 hot points of the world in terms of environmental fertility. The Caucasus region has been adopted as the main global ecological area on a basis of such criteria as diversity of kinds, endemism and taxonomic uniqueness. The system of the state territories protection is based on multistage structure with its various levels for use and protection applied in different categories like in the most countries. The categories are defined as per the Law on State Protected Areas and Objects (2000). The protective figures are the following:

 National parks: lands and water areas that are under the state property and have a special significance in terms of environment, history, etc. The territory of these areas is used for educational, scientific and cultural purposes.  Restricted areas: these territories are similar to the National parks, but there is no need for them to be under the state property.  State Natural preserves are established with the aim to protect the nature, wild animals and vegetation, as well as the environment. Only scientific investigation is permitted. State Natural Preserves are designed for conservation purposes of endangered species of either fauna or flora. As per the Law of Azerbaijan any industry development, intervention in animals or vegetation is strictly prohibited.  State hunting preserves: in these areas sustainable exploitation of the wildlife by hunting is allowed.  Unique trees, caves, or paleontological areas are protected under the name of "natural monuments" Total area of Azerbaijan occupied by specially protected nature areas equals 892546,49 ha or 10.3% of the country’s territory. Protected areas include 9 national parks, 11 state reserves and 24 wildlife sanctuaries.

LOCAL CONTEXT OF THE PROJECT SITES

There are many protected areas in Azerbaijan because of their international significance, but as defined in the previous paragraphs, there is no Protection Territory or Important Ornithological Area near to the project sites.

URBAN DEVELOPMENT

Currently both workshop sites are located in totally transformed urban areas. During soviet times urban planning was executed according the Master Plan tradition. The urban development at both cities currently follows the regional planning strategies of State Committee for Urban Planning and Architecture. Unfortunately despite of the planning efforts of the public administration it was not possible to achieve a new up‐to date urban planning at both cities and

Ingerop ESIA &EMP– BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Page 33 / 132 Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Environmmental Management Performance (EMP) urban development of the cities simply changed in response to events. The lack of a forward looking approach to urban planning has led to urban development being implemented in a very limited way. Harmonizing development of urban areas and guiding them effectively are still major challenges. Currently and with assistance from the World Bank, Baku is working on a detailed land management plan that addresses issues ranging from density to parking to the number of new Kindergartens and hospital beds a neighbourhood will need. The idea is to asset a vision for the city, enforce zoning laws, and plan for residents’ needs. Regional Plan proposals with strategic guideline maps were found at the State Committee for Urban Planning and Architecture. Zoning maps according to these Planning initiatives, currently in process of approval: General Plan for Gandja, dated from 2012, and the Greater Baku Regional Development Plan (2005). The following graphics show the current state of urban planning at the project sites. At both sites, the urban planning is compatible to projected workshop activities.

Figure 14: Greater Baku regional development Plan (2005‐2015)

Legend: 1 – Railway and buffer zones. 2 – Territory of special purpose 3 – Existing sparse density residential area 4 – Existing medium density residential area 5 – Existing low density residential area. 6 -– Existing high density residential area.

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In the case of Baladjari maintenance workshop the nearest residential areas are at a distance of 200 meters (low density residential areas) and at a distance of 400 meters to the high density residential areas (multistorey housing). The Gandja maintenance workshop is projected on industrial activity zoning, although the residential areas are at a distance of only 100 meters.

Figure 15: General Plan Gandja (2012)

Legend: 1 – Industrial, manufacturing and utility-storage areas. 2 - Reserve areas of dwellings 3 - Industrial, manufacturing and utility-storage facilities.

CONTEMPORARY LAND USE AT PROJECT SITES

Both project sites are located at preexisting railway installations with railway tracks, existing locomotive maintenance workshops, administrative and some single residential buildings. In the surroundings there are serveral installation related to the railroad infrastructure, varios industrial buildings and residential areas.

Baladjari depot The proposed area affected by the new maintenance workshop at Baladjari is located at the preexisting railway installations with railway tracks, existing locomotive maintenance workshops and administrative buildings. There are also some single residential buildings located at a reduced distance to the proposed area of intervention.

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Figure 16: Aerial photo of the Project site at Baladjari

Gandja depot The proposed area affected by the new maintenance workshop at Gandja located at the railway station and adjacent maintenance installations. The area is occupied by railway tracks, existing locomotive maintenance workshops and administrative buildings. The new maintenance workshop is proposed to replace an old maintenance building, which is unused at the present and in ruins.

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Figure 17: Aerial photo of the Gandja Project site

DEMOGRAPHICS

Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan is the largest city of the country with about 2.1 million inhabitants. The metropolitan area of Baku gathers about 25% of the total population of Azerbaijan. Ganja is Azerbaijan's second largest city with a population close to 328,400.The city is also inhabited by a large number of Azerbaijani refugees from Armenia and IDPs from the Azerbaijani community of Nagorno‐Karabakh and surrounding areas.

Table 7: Population

Name Census Census Estimate 27/01/1999 13/04/2009 01/01/2013 Baku/Bakı 1,788,900 2,045,800 2,150,800 Gandja/Gəncə 299,300 313,300 322,600 Azerbaijan 7,953,438 8,922,447 9,356,500

ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS

The Baku city administrative division is part of the Absheron region. Baku city division is divided into twelve administrative districts (Binagadi, Nizami, Narimanov, Nasimi, Pirallahi, Garadagh, Sabunchu, Surakhani, Sabayil, Khatai, Khazar and Yasamal) and 48 settlments. Bilajari is one of the mentioned settlements, located within the administrative boundary of Binagadi district. Gandja city is part of the Gandja‐Qazakh region. Today, Gandja is divided into 2 administrative districts (raions) of Kepez and Nizami.

ECONOMY

Economic development After the collapse of the Soviet system in the beginning nineties the economy and the industry of Azerbaijan faced many difficulties and problems. The recovery of the Azeri economy was due mainly to the carbohydrates industry with a continuous increase of the GDP. In 2001 the GDP reached its previous level as prior to the collapse Even the actual growth of Azerbaijan decreased lately, and it is expected to decrease due to the impacts of the latest economic development, the oil‐based economy is expected to grow. Azerbaijan's oil production is expected to reach the highest level in 2015 without discovering new oil‐fields. Thus, development of non‐oil sector is very important and opportune transport infrastructure will play a significant role in the development of non‐oil sector.

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The following graphics shows the evolution of the GDP per capita in Azerbaijan. GDP per capita (1992‐2014)

9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 $ 4000 3000 2000 1000 0

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Figure 18: GDP per cápita

Local context: Baku's largest industry is petroleum, and its petroleum exports make it a large contributor to Azerbaijan's balance of payments. The existence of petroleum resources is historically well known. Commercial exploitation began in 1872, and by the beginning of the 20th century the Baku oil fields were the largest in the world. Towards the end of the 20th century much of the onshore petroleum had been exhausted, and drilling had extended into the sea offshore. At the present the oil economy of Baku is undergoing resurgence, with the development of the massive Azeri‐Chirag‐Guneshli field and the development of the Shah Deniz gas field. Gandja: The economy of Gandja is based on agriculture, tourism, including some operational industries. Ore minerals extracted from nearby mines supply Gandja's metallurgical industries, which produces copper and alumina. Furthermore there are porcelain, silk and footwear industries. Other industries process agriculture products like food, grapes and cotton from the surrounding farmlands. The city has one of the largest textile conglomerates in Azerbaijan and is famous for a fabric named Gandja silk, which received the highest marks in the markets of neighbouring countries and the Middle East.

SOCIAL GROUPS AND POVERTY

According to its geographic situation and based on historical motives Azerbaijan combines the Islamic, European, lately Russian and Turkish cultures as well. 90% of population are Azerbaijanis, 10% belongs to other ethnic groups. Most of the Azerbaijan people speak Azeri, language belonging to the Turkic idiomatic group. There are other minority ethnic groups and languages as Russian and others. Azerbaijan has made a progress in poverty reduction, but the problem still remains. The poverty level in the country reduced to 46.7 % in 2001 and to 44.7% in 2003. Poverty in urban areas decreases faster than in rural areas. Currently the poverty rate is estimated to be 8.4 %3.

3 http://www.az.undp.org/content/azerbaijan/en/home/countryinfo/

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More than 1 million Azerbajjani people became internally displaced persons (IDPs) as a result of the conflict on the Upper (Nagorniy) Karabagh region between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The autonomous region of Karabagh is currently separated from the administrative area of Azerbaijan. As per the indicators of 2011 the average monthly salary in the country has been AZN 364.2. These indicators for the towns where the workshops are located are shown in Table 8.

Table 8: Average monthly salary of population at the project area (manat)

Years Location 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Republic of 99.4 123.6 149.0 215.8 274.4 298.0 331.5 364.2 Azerbaijan Baku 152,5 194,1 236,3 322,8 396,5 429,8 474,8 517,2 Gandj a 61,4 78,6 93,3 131,1 174,6 193,0 212,8 241,4

In general the population has the opportunity to be engaged in the social facilities constructed over the Soviet period and there are schools and medical units working in the towns and cities located throughout the project area, but currently state of the facilities outside Baku are in poor conditions. This concerns either schools or medical units and these problems include also a poor infrastructure and equipment, limited and unsatisfactory facilities, low‐paid medical personnel without appropriate professional training4. The Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic has promised to provide free education for its all the citizen starting from 6‐old years up to 11‐year education period and more than 90% of its population is literate (have writing and reading skills). There are 1,653 pre‐school institutions and secondary schools operating all over the country. In whole common primary schools in Azerbaijan are on a good level, genders have an equal ratio of writing and reading skills, but the cutting in the social expenses jeopardizes the gender inequality. As per the population census held in 1999, 97.5% of the people between 15‐24‐aged have graduated from the secondary schools5.

Health In 2012 there were 523 hospitals in Azerbaijan. As a general indicator there are 46,5 beds per each 10,000 person at national level. At both project sites this indicator is higher than national average. Table 9:. Health indicators (as per info of 2012)

Location Number of hospitals Number of bed in Number of beds per and clinics hospitals each 10,000 person

Azerbaijan 523 42371 46.5 Baku 124 16705 78.7 Gandj a 20 2110 65.7

HISTORIC MONUMENTS, ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES

4 Nippon Koei UK (2009b 5 ADB (2006)

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Historic Context: Azerbaijan is an area with a long history of human settlements and has a rich cultural history. There are a lot of Paleontological areas in Azerbaijan with 243 relict flora (vegetation course) and fauna discovered so far. The strategic situation of the country has led to be one of the important civilization centres. There are lots of evidences from communities habited in this region and archaeologists discovered many areas related to different stages of human development, including archaeological sites dated in the Mesolithic, Neolithic, bronze and iron ages. Most of these sites consist of the settlements, caves as well as rock paintings. The human settlement in this region appeared in third millennium B.C In the 8th century the Arabs conquered Azerbaijan and made it a part of Arab Khalifat. Along with the Arab rulers, arrived Islam religion bringing with it new traditions and culture. There is a great number of cultural heritage monuments in the country as a result of being part of the historical “Silkway” route. Especially the Gandja‐Gazakh region has very rich and fertile agricultural lands. Shamkir was one of the big trade‐towns that had a great significance for trading in the middle ages. Gandja was buit up by the Arabian in the 9th century. Many habitation kurgans/tumulus (known as “the hills”) can be found in the surroundings of Akstafa region and they are historically referred from the bronze period up to the Middle Age. Cultural monuments and historical areas in Azerbaijan are protected under the “Law on use and protection of the historical and cultural monuments” and recorded by the government. Monuments are classified as per categories according to their significance:

 64 of them are recorded as Monuments of International significance.  3692 are recorded as Monuments of national significance, and  Approximately 3,500 are recorded as Monuments of regional significance. The Law requires to carry out archaeological research at feasibility study stage on the project site, if needed, notifying all operations and proposals to the Academy of Sciences. In the case that any archaeological findings are expected appropriate excavation works have to be considered prior to project commencement. Local context: Both workshops are located on pre‐existing transport and communication areas which previously had been transformed heavily during the construction of the infrastructure. Historic monuments or archaeological findings at construction sites within the project framework are not anticipated.

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CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION

According to UNEP/GRID Arendal (2004) the main environmental issues at the project sites are the following: Baku‐Baladjari:

 Soil contaminated by pollution from oil production  Large aging Soviet industrial complex still generating pollution (mines, chemical and cement factories, thermal and metallurgical plants). Significant heavy metal contamination (soil and water). Gandja:

 Large aging Soviet industrial complex still generating pollution (mines, chemical and cement factories, thermal and metallurgical plants). Significant heavy metal contamination (soil and water).  Soil degradation and erosion: pollution due to pesticides and/or heavy metals (mainly inherited from Soviet period), salinization due to poorly maintained irrigation system and rise of water table. PREEXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AT THE PROJECT SITES

Taking into account the general environmental issues and due to the inherent risks of the historical activities realized at the project sites the following environmental issues need to be analyzed:

 Oil spills: particularly the area of Absheron peninsula is well known for the high pollution by oil, petroleum and hydrocarbon substances.  Heavy metals: both project sites are sensitive to heavy metal contamination due to the historical industry activities.  Pesticides: railroad installations are sensitive to pesticide contamination due to the application vegetation control and management measures.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE SURROUNDINGS AND POTENTIALLY AFFECTED POBLATION

As mentioned previously the proposed project sites of the new maintenance workshops are located in preexisting railway infrastructure areas. The implementation of these new maintenance installations will not suppose any substantial change of the environmental conditions once finished the construction and initialized the operation. Both Maintenance workshop projects are encompassed in Railway infrastructure areas and the neighborhood is exosed to the common environmental impacts that are caused by these activities.

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THE LOCAL CONTEXT AT BALADJARI PROJECT SITE

Figure 19: Potentiall affected neighbourhood at Baladjari project site

The Baladjari Maintenance workshop is supposed to be located in vast existing and operating infrastructural and industrial areas. There are residential areas at a distance of about 100 to 150 meters, although several residential buildings encompassed in the railway installation areas have to be mentioned. Special attention must be paid during the demolition and construction process to the mitigation processes in order to avoid grievance and disturbance to this existing population. Following tables provides for the contamination status and annual dynamics in the area around Baladjari workshop:

Table 10: Air contamination at Baladjari area

MP Months Ingredien C ts (mg/ Annua m3) I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII l

0.04 0,04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0,05 0,04 0,05 0,05 0.04 Nitrogene tetroxide 0.085 0,1 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.11 0.10 0.09 0,08 0,09 0,08 0,08 0.09

- 28 75 63 78 72 72 72 78 21 81 12 78 730

0.03 0,01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,01 0.01 Heavy fluorides 0.2 0,02 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0,01 0,02 0,01 0,02 0.02 - 28 75 63 78 72 72 72 78 21 81 12 78 730

Hydrogen 0.005 0,011 0.010 0.004 0.007 0.010 0.007 0.006 0.009 0,007 0,009 0,009 0,011 0.008 e fluoride 0.02 0,017 0.028 0.008 0.019 0.028 0.023 0.019 0.020 0,013 0,02 0,014 0,034 0.020

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- 28 75 63 78 72 72 72 78 21 81 12 78 730

0.03 0,02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0,01 0,02 0,02 0,01 0.01

Chlorine 0.1 0,03 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0,02 0,06 0,04 0,03 0.03

- 28 75 63 78 72 72 72 78 21 81 12 78 730

Formalde 0.003 0,003 0.008 0.009 0.008 0.008 0.009 0.009 0.009 0,007 0,007 0,009 0,008 0.008 hyde 0.035 0,006 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.018 0.020 0.017 0.019 0,016 0,016 0,012 0,013 0.015

- 28 75 63 78 72 72 72 78 21 81 12 78 730

Table 11: Background soil composition (after precipitation)

Months

Avera MPC ge (mg/kg)

May July April June Ingridients March August January October February December November September

Sulphate 250 350 550 50 550 1050 150 250 145 700 950 100 546 320 s 0 Nitrates 212 140 85 97 95 180 212 244 363 250 200 8 165 130

pH 7,6 7,7 7,7 7,7 7,1 7,6 7.3 7.0 7,4 7.6 7,2 7,7 7,4 -

Table 12: Pollution by heavy metals

Actual concentration, mg/kg Area Zn Pb Ni Cr Cu Cd Mn Fe Al

Baladjari 30.85 7.41 22.36 20.78 25.88 0.251 642.5 13405 7172.5

MPC (mg/kg) 70 20 45 40 100 3 250 - -

Table 13: Background radiation

AYLAR Area YVQH (mkR/saat) I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII

Aver. 9 11 10 9 9 9 10 9 10 10 10 10 Baladjari 5-17 Max 10 13 11 10 10 10 11 10 12 12 10 11 Min 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 9 8

Once implemented the new workshops the potential impacts during operation and maintenance works, are not expected to be more serious than at the present.

THE LOCAL CONTEXT AT GANDJA PROJECT SITE

The Gandja Maintenance workshop is supposed to be located in the existing Gandja Main station and maintenance workshop area. There are residential areas at a distance of about 50 to 100 meters. Some multistorey residential buildings at a short distance have to be mentioned. Special attention

Ingerop ESIA &EMP– BGW_ALL_IMP_303_001_01 Page 43 / 132 Environmmental & Social Impact Assessment (ESIA), Environmmental Management Performance (EMP) must be paid during the demolition and construction process to the mitigation processes in order to avoid grievance and disturbance to this existing population. Once implemented the new workshops the potential impacts during operation and maintenance works, are not expected to be more serious than at the present.

Figure 20: PotentiallY affected nEighbourhood at Gandja project site

Following tables provides for the contamination status and annual dynamics in the area around Baladjari workshop:

Table 14: Air Contamination

Ingredie MPC Months nts (mg/ İLLİ m3) I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII K 0,1 0,3 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,2 0,2 0.15 Dust 0,2 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,4 0,4 0,5 0,5 0,5 0.5 66 75 51 76 69 66 79 68 76 73 75 57 831 - Nitrogen 0.04 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,04 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 e 0.085 0,04 0,04 0,04 0,04 0,05 0,05 0,05 0,05 0,04 0,04 0,04 0,04 0,05 tetroxide - 69 72 60 78 72 72 75 78 72 81 72 78 879

0.06 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 0,02 Nitrogen e dioxide 0.4 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,04 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,03 0,04 - 69 72 60 78 72 70 72 78 72 81 72 78 874 0,00 Hydroge 0.005 6 0,006 0,006 0,006 0,007 0,006 0,007 0,007 0,006 0,006 0,006 0,006 0,006 0,00 ne 0.02 8 0,008 0,008 0,008 0,009 0,009 0,009 0,009 0,006 0,009 0,008 0,008 0,009 fluoride - 69 72 60 78 72 72 75 78 72 81 72 78 879 Sulphur 0,03 0.05 8 0,039 0,038 0,04 0,041 0,042 0,043 0,041 0,04 0,038 0,038 0,039 0,04

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trioxide 0,04 0.5 6 0,046 0,047 0,05 0,051 0,051 0,051 0,051 0,048 0,049 0,048 0,047 0,051

- 69 72 60 78 72 72 75 78 72 81 72 78 879 0,00 Hydroge - 2 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,002 0,00 ne 0.008 3 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,004 sulphide - 69 72 60 78 72 72 75 78 72 81 72 78 879

Table 15: Background soil composition (after precipitation)

Months

Avera MPC ge (mg/kg)

May July April June Ingridients March August January October February December November September

Sulphate 7300 250 600 300 450 150 200 1300 550 350 650 550 1054 320 s Nitrates 368 558 232 176 147 56 120 70 228 72 45 113 182 130

pH 6,2 7.4 7,5 7,3 7,0 7,6 7,4 7,0 7.6 7,1 7,2 7,2 7.2 -

Table 16:. Pollution by heavy metals

Actual concentration, mg/kg Area Zn Pb Ni Cr Cu Cd Mn Fe Al

Ganja 12.5 5.22 13.8 246 15.6 0.39 189 34216 28651

MPC (mg/kg) 70 20 45 40 100 3 250 - -

Table 17: Background radiation

AYLAR Area YVQH (mkR/saat) I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Aver. 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 10 10 10 10 Ganja Max 5-21 13 12 13 13 13 13 12 13 13 12 13 13 Min 7 8 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 7

Table 18. Surface water pollution (Monitored from Zurnaabad station on Ganjachay river)

Months Average Ingridients Unit MPC annual February April July October

Temperature C - 0,3 4,4 21,0 20,3 11,5

Suspended particles mg/l - 0 20,3 170,4 73,2 66,0

Transparency cm >30 30 24 25 73,2 38,1

pH - 6.5-8.5 7.2 7.4 6.8 7.2 7.2

Dissolved O2 mg/l ≥4 9,4 8,2 6,7 6,5 7,7

HCO3 mg/l - 73,2 134,2 170,8 96,4 118,7

SO4 mg/l 500.0 115,3 92,2 161,4 19,2 97,0

Cl mg/l 350.0 3,54 36,9 15,4 3,2 14,8

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Ca mg/l 180.0 56,9 85,2 45,7 20,0 52,0

Mg mg/l 200.0 9,2 7,9 12,4 9,7 9,8

NaK  mg/l - 8,2 6,2 79,2 6,7 25,1

Total ions i mg/l 1000.0 272 368,3 484,9 155,3 320,1

OBS5 mgO2/l 3.0 2,5 1,3 0,23 1,1 1,28

Oil and oil products mg/l 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02

Fenol mg/l 0.001 0,002 0,001 0,001 0,003 0,002

SSAM mg/l 0.1 0,066 0,01 0 0,01 0,022

Ümumi codluq mgekv/l 7.0 3,6 4,9 3,3 1,8 3,4

NH4 mgN/l 0.5 0,01 0,3 0,05 0,02 0,09

NO2 mgN/l 3.3 0,03 0,05 0,07 0,01 0,04

NO3 mgN/l 45.0 5,6 5,2 6,2 1,9 4,7

Mineral azotun cәmi mgN/l - 5,64 5,55 6,32 1,93 4,85

Fosfatlar PO4 mgP/l - 0,04 0,07 0,03 0,13 0,06

BRIEFING OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS ON BOTH SITES

As seen from the above tables, there is no serious air contamination recorded on neither of the project sites. Only the average annual concentration levels of hydrogen fluorides and dust exceed the maximum thresholds by 1.2‐1.3 times in Ganja, and the average concentration of hydrogen fluorides and formaldehydes exceed thresholds by 1.6 and 2.7 times respectively in Baladjari. According to data produced by post‐precipitation soil monitoring activities, the pH background remained bearable on both sites while the concentration levels of nitrates and sulphates had gone beyond the permissible levels (1.4‐3.3 times in Ganja, 1.3‐1.7 times in Baladjari). Soils samples collected from the industrial area of Ganja demonstrated exceeded content of chromine (6.2 times bigger than the permitted threshold). Analysis of surface water sample collected from Ganjachay had demonstrated the increased amounts of phenols (2 times bigger than threshold). Radiation background of both sites stays within the natural limits. With 65 dBa established as a nationally accepted maximum level of noise in the urban areas, the actual values of noise varied between 42.3‐45.6 dBa in Ganja and Biladjari areas.

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INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

AZERBAIJAN ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND PROCEDURES

Activities carried out under the project will conform to current laws in Azerbaijan and sound environmental principles. In general, project activities will not trigger serious impact on physical and human environment. National environmental law system of Azerbaijan includes a number of legislative acts that aim to regulate different aspects of environmental management and protection. The Constitution of Azerbaijan, adopted in 1995 and amended in 2002, enshrines the right of citizens to a healthy and clean environment. It also outlines the division of environmental responsibilities between central and local bodies. In 1992, the Law on Environmental Protection and Utilization of Natural Resources was to introduce a number of modern internationally recognized principles of envrironmental law into a domestic legislation, including principle of public awareness. In 1999, the new Law on Environmental Protection was adopted and, among others, provided for practices and procedures of conducting environmental expertise (Chapter 7). Azerbaijan inherited the Soviet environmental review (environmental expertise) procedures, with a heavy emphasis on science and engineering and the socioeconomic factors, a given rather than a policy variable. The cowed public had little role to play in the process. A procedure fashioned after the international environmental impact assessment was developed in 1996 and applied to dozens of major developments, particularly in the oil sector. The resulting dual‐track System (environmental expertise and environmental impact assessment) has helped to bridge the gap between external pressures for establishing modern environmental impact assessment and the lack of internal capacity to do so in the face of political and economic challenges. Environmental Assessment in Azerbaijan is based upon the 1996 UNDP Guidelines, which include requirements and systems for consulting the public. Although the Guidelines are adopted in practice, they have no formal status in law as they have not been through the ratification procedures of Milli Mejlis (Parliament). There are two legislative acts in this area: the Law on Environmental Protection (1999) and Rules on Financing State Ecological Expertise. Relevant international treaties have also direct application under the Constitution. Following the conclusions of the UNECE review of the national legislation and institutional structures for the implementation of the protocol on strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in the Azerbaijan Republic, the Law on Environmental Protection is the only legal act that provides a basis for EIA/SER in Azerbaijan. At the same time, relevant provisions of this law (articles 50‐58) do not specify any details as to the procedure: scope of application, screening, scoping and requirements on EIA report (documentation). The law has a broad definition of “objects” of the state environmental expertise without any reference any specific field of economic activity (like Annex I to the Espoo Convention) and includes:

 Draft state and local programs on development and location of productivity forces in accordance with economy sectors;  Feasibility studies, projects for construction (reconstruction, widening, introduction of new technologies) and liquidation of business entities and complexes, EIA documentation (OVOS); ‐ Documents on development, including import from abroad, of new technique, technologies, materials and substances;

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 Draft educational and normative technical documents in environmental protection area;  Environmental conditions evolved in the process of economic activity or emergency situations;  Environmental conditions in regions, specific natural sites and complexes (ecosystems);  Environmental chapters of agreements (contracts) for natural resources use based on a decision of a relevant executive public authority6. The law also provides for so called public environmental expertise carried out by citizens associations, a procedure which should not be considered relevant in the context of public participation concept. However, the major drawback of the EIA Handbook to date has been its non‐ binding nature (this document was acknowledged and approved by the former State Committee for Ecology and has never passed any formal ratification. Also, no changes have been made so far to the EIA Handbook to reflect the administrative changes related to the abolishment of the State Committee of Ecology in May 2001 and establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources. The EIA Handbook still refers to the former SCE as the ‘Environmental Authority’ which is one of the main parties to the EIA process in Azerbaijan.In 2011, draft Law on Environmental Impact Assessment was prepared and submitted for parliamentary hearings. Despite passing through a couple of hearings, the law isn’t yet accepted. Other laws governing specific issues such as sanitary‐epidemiological welfare, land reform, energy, health, water, forests, cadastre and land use, industrial and domestic wastes, fauna, fish breeding, ecological safety, water supply and wastewater, atmospheric protection and specially protected areas have been adopted since 1992.

COMPLIANCE OF THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCE INSTITUTIONS (WB) POLICY

Policy of the WB on environmental protection is considered as the basic support given by the Bank to the continuous poverty reduction. The main goal of these two policies is not to damage the people and environment covering them and eliminate the possible damage in the development process as well. The relevant requirements in defining, preparation and implementation of the programs and projects for the World Bank, as well as the borrowers are provided on a basis of these policies. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is the one out of the 10 World Bank’s policies on environment, social and legal security. This document is used by the World Bank for defining the possible impact from these projects and programs to the environment, eliminating or reducing the outcomes from these implementation projects. The objective of the EIA is to improve decisions adopted for IA, be certain about the project alternatives taken into view and ensure appropriate consultations with the people who experienced an impact from the projects. Recommendations of the WB’s policy on impact assessment and the procedures are described in “OPBP 4.01: Environmental Impact Assessment”. Features required for the project appraisal depend on significance of the project type and location, on sensitiveness of the project’s potential impact, as well as the possible influence to environment due to profitability of actions for reducing the impact. Projects are carefully revised for their impact to environment and classified as per following categories:

6 UNECE review of the national legislation and institutional structures for the implementation of the protocol on strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in the Azerbaijan Republic.

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Category A: the projects of this category are expected to have a substantial effect or impact to environment. These influences may spread their impact to more areas or spaces than the physical works are to be done. It is needed an Environmental Assessment (EA). Category B: these projects are referred to their work territory and do not influence the residential areas, as well as the natural elements of special significance, including water‐bog zones, forests, etc. Category C: If the proposed projects do not influence the environment or do not have any environmental impact these projects are referred to category C. There is no need for an Environmental Assessment (EA). Category MV(F1): this category includes the projects invested by the Banking Funds (BF) or Financial Intermediaries (FI).

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

Azerbaijan Railways (ADY) has been a member of the Railway Organization for CIS Countries since 1992. This organization provides guidance to its member countries on environmental matters, spill management and procedures for the transport of hazardous materials.7 The Metrology, Standardization, Certification and Ecology Department of the Technical and Production Service (TPSD) in ADY is supposed to be responsible for environmental management including the development and implementation of this project. TPSD has 3 staff in the central office that has specific responsibility for environmental management. Environmental issues are managed on a day to day basis through local departments each having a staff member assigned to environmental matters. The local departments in ADY are responsible for the preparation of ‘Ecological Passports’ and action plans for each section of rail line in their district. These passports are issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (MENR) and include limits for pollution. They are renewed every 3 years following MENR audit. In order to ensure overall compliance with the passport conditions, the TPSD carries out regular inspections of ADY operations. ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT SYSTEM

The UNECE review states the following environmental assessment system: The environmental assessment system in Azerbaijan is based on state environmental review/expertise system (SER), which includes EIA documentation developed by the project initiator and its subsequent review by environmental authority (EIA/SER system). Under current practice, the initiator submits information form (describing proposed activity) to the Department of Expertise at MENR. The expertise department takes screening decision. If a full scale EIA procedure is needed, then it also takes a scoping decision. The initiator develops EIA documentation (OVOS) and submits it to the Department of Expertise at MENR. To assess EIA documentation an expert commission is set by the department. Experts analyze EIA documentation, discuss it at a meeting and adopt conclusions of the state environmental expertise. The experts can be both officials and sub‐ contracted outside persons. Recently NGOS have been invited to the meetings of the expert commissions.

7 Rail Trade And Transport Facilitation Project ‐ Loan No: 7509‐AZ, Environmental Management Plan

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The approval of an EIA by the MENR establishes the compliance framework, including the environmental and social standards that an organisation should adhere to. A summary of the guidance provided in the Handbook is given in Table below:

Table 19 Summary of guidance of the environmental procedure given in the Handbook

Screening The developer is required to submit an Application (containing basic information on the proposal) to MENR to determine whether an EIA is required.

Scoping Requirement for a Scoping Meeting to be attended by the developer, experts and concerned members of the public, and aimed at reaching a consensus on the necessity and the scope of the EIA.

Project Description Full description of technological process and analysis of what is being proposed in terms of planning, pre‐feasibility, construction and operation.

EnvironmentalStudies Requirement to describe fully the baseline environment at the site and elsewhere, if likely to be affected by the proposal. The environment must be described in terms of its various components ‐ physical, ecological and social. Consideration of No requirement to discuss Project alternatives and their potential impacts Alternatives (including the so‐called “do‐nothing” alternative), except for the description of alternative technologies.

Impact Assessment and Requirement to identify all impacts (direct and indirect, onsite and offsite, Mitigation acute and chronic, one‐off and cumulative, transient and irreversible). Each impact must be evaluated according to its significance and severity and mitigation measures provided to avoid, reduce, or compensate for these impacts. Public Requirement to inform the affected public about the planned activities twice: when the application is submitted to the MENR for the preliminary Participation assessment and during the EIA process. The developer is expected to involve the affected public in discussions on the proposal. Monitoring The developer is responsible for continuous compliance with the conditions of the EIA approval through a monitoring programme. The MENR undertakes inspections of the implementation of activities in order to verify the accuracy and reliability of the developer’s monitoring data. The developer is responsible for notifying the MENR and taking necessary measures in case the monitoring reveals inconsistencies with the conditions of the EIA approval.

PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS

Public consultations are supposed to be held in compliance of national environmental regulations. A Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan (PCDP) should be elaborated and the consultation meetings should be attended by local communities likely to be affected by the project, Baladiyya (municipality) representatives, local executive authorities and representatives of local NGOs. In these meetings the

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRELIMINARY CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

GENERAL LAYOUT OF THE CONSTRUCTION

The works that will be carried out consist in the construction of two maintenance halls in the areas of Baladjari and Gandja. These constructions will be done inside existing maintenance complexes, and they are necessary because Azerbaijan Railways (ADY) is modernizing its locomotive fleet and these new workshops will include all necessary items to develop all maintenance activities of said locomotives. On a general level the heaviest maintenance operations (dismounting wheelsets, repariring electrical motors, repairing on‐board compressors, electronic racks fixing and testing, etc…) will be carried out in the Baladjari workshop (Main Workshop) and Gandja will work as a satellite / secondary workshop, where mostly piece and parts replacements will be carried out.

BALADJARI WORKSHOP

The Balajdari workshop will include:  A Maintenance Hall / Office building  A Warehouses building  A Wheel Lathe building  A Transformation Substation building

Figure 21: Baladjari – Project layout ‐ Main components

All these buildings shall have the necessary ordinary installations like any other industrial and office building, (lighting, drainage, HVAC, etc, ), and the specific railway installations (catenary, tracks, maintenance tools like presses, overhead cranes, wheel presses, etc..), and as well the means of

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GANDJAWORKSHOP

The Gandja workshop will include:  A Maintenance Hall / Office building  A Warehouses building  A Transformation Substation building

Figure 22: Ganja – Project layout ‐ Main components

All these buildings shall have the necessary ordinary installations like any other industrial and office building, (lighting, drainage, HVAC, etc, ), and the specific railway installations (catenary, tracks, maintenance tools like presses, overhead cranes, wheel presses, etc..), and as well the means of guaranteeing movement between buildings and inside and out of the complex (, roads, etc…)

DEMOLITIONS AND PREVIOUS WORKS

BALADJARI WORKSHOP

The plot available designed to accommodate the future Baladjari workshops has an approximate area of 56200 m2 which occupies a portion of the existing facilities. In this area, there are old buildings and structures which are susceptible to be demolished. An exact computing of the installation to be demolished is shown in the civil engineering chapter.

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Other existing elements in the zone which can be capable of a partial demolition or storage and reinstatement: trees, rails, railroad ties, catenary posts, etc.

T Figure 23: Track removal at Baladjari workshop site The existing available information on Baladjari's workshops reveals the presence of underground and aerial networks which might need to be turned aside and/or replaced: waste water, telecommunications, energy, illumination, potable water, etc. The main facilities and buildings within the affected plot are susceptible to demolition and are inventoried in the following table:

Table 20. Inventory of the main facilities amd building susceptible to domolition

Nam Building / Facilities Coordinates Unit type Measures Picture ‐ Description e

X=400384.2607 Fence 1 FE1 Linear – m 42,27 Y=4478783.5204

X=400404.9039 Wall 1 WA1 Linear – m 46.77 Y=4478788.1319

X=400404.9039 Wall 2 WA2 Linear – m 125.42 Y=4478786.7277

X: 400074.9890 Pool 1 PO1 Surface – m2 753.39 Y: 4478699.6196

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Nam Building / Facilities Coordinates Unit type Measures Picture ‐ Description e

Rail tracks RTK ‐ Surface – m2 5593.27

Demolition of different types of trees with different trunk diameter.

Demolition of trees TRE ‐ Units – ut 53

Residential building X: 400385.5117 SH1 Surface – m2 333.93 1 Y: 4478766.1582

Road Gravel 1 RG1 ‐ Surface – m2 860.65

Underground X: 400182.5719 US1 Surface – m2 487.18 structure Y: 4478738.9878

X: 400166.3059 Underground access UA1 Surface – m2 21.41 Y: 4478740.2233

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Nam Building / Facilities Coordinates Unit type Measures Picture ‐ Description e

X: 400181.8176 Ventilation pipe 1 VP1 Surface – m2 4.23 Y: 4478749.3149

X: 400184.3192 Ventilation pipe 2 VP2 Surface – m2 6.00 Y: 4478731.4498

X: 400249.3558 Iron tank 1 IT1 Surface – m2 30.22 Y: 4478719.1419

X: 400040.2826 Changing rooms 1 CR1 Surface – m2 760.59 Y: 4478694.1154

No residential X: 400368.1630 SB2 Surface – m2 90.55 building 1 Y: 4478795.6385

No residential X: 400094.9221 SB3 Surface – m2 18.41 building 2 Y: 4478701.6298

No residential X: 400124.4024 SB6 Surface – m2 28.94 building 3 Y: 4478706.9044

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Nam Building / Facilities Coordinates Unit type Measures Picture ‐ Description e

No residential X: 400100.2720 SB8 Surface – m2 29.48 building 4 Y: 4478708.9067

Other secondary elements less important than the previous ones but which are included in the study of demolition:  Pavements (sidewalks, concrete surfaces, concrete platforms, etc.)  Isolated structures (shoes, slabs, foundation masses…)  Elements of urbanization (curbs, ditches, furniture…)  Railway elements which cannot be reused due to their poor condition or because their replacement and later reuse is impossible: crossbeams, catenary poles, poles foundations masses, porticos…)  Planters and tree pits.  Walls and fences. There are other elements present in the area which can be susceptible to a partial demolition or storage and replacement:  Trees and vegetation not included in the clearance and clearing.  Rails.  Crossbeams.  Catenary elements (poles and wires).  Signaling system. After the analysis of demolitions to perform in the plot of Baladjari workshops, the works that must be performed are:  Sidewalk demolitions (subbase, support and flooring).  Concrete structure demolitions (reinforced concrete or mass).  Pavement demolitions.  Building demolitions.  Curb demolitions.  Portico demolition and removal.

GANDJA WORKSHOP

The plot available designed to accommodate the future Gandja workshops has an approximate area of 54.000m2 which occupies a portion of the existing facilities Even though the preservation of the existing facilities is whished, there are old buildings and structures which are susceptible to be demolished in this area An exact computing of the installation to be demolished is shown in the civil engineering chapter. Other existing elements in the zone which can be capable of a partial demolition or storage and reinstatement: trees, rails, railroad ties, catenary posts, etc.

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The existing available information on Gandja's workshops reveals the presence of underground and aerial networks which might need to be turned aside and/or replaced: waste water, telecommunications, energy, illumination, potable water, etc. The main facilities and buildings within the affected plot are susceptible to demolition and are inventoried in the following table:

Table 21. Inventory of the main facilities and buildings susceptible to demolition

Nam Building / Facilities Coordinates Unit type Measures Picture / Description e X=615839.4018 Fence 1 FE1 Linear ‐ m 198.03 Y=4509732.4880 X=615827.9284 Fence 2 FE2 Linear ‐ m 9.05 Y=4509839.3405 X=615982.3797Y= Fence 3 FE3 Linear ‐ m 7.36 4509822.3711 Surface – Rail tracks RTK ‐ 4824.08 m2 No residential X: 400018.5424 Surface – SB1 3001.18 building 1 Y: 4478676.6433 m2 No residential X: 400018.5424 Surface – SB2 256.23 building 2 Y: 4478676.6433 m2 No residential X: 400018.5424 Surface – SB3 127.81 building 3 Y: 4478676.6433 m2 Surface – Road Gravel 1 RG1 ‐ 1566.95 m2 Trees TRE ‐ Units – ut 37

Other secondary elements less important than the previous ones but which are included in the study of demolition:  Pavements (sidewalks, concrete surfaces, concrete platforms, etc.)  Isolated structures (shoes, slabs, foundation masses…)  Elements of urbanization (curbs, ditches, furniture…)  Railway elements which cannot be reused due to their poor condition or because their replacement and later reuse is impossible: crossbeams, catenary poles, poles foundations masses, porticos…)  Planters and tree pits.  Walls and fences. There are other elements present in the area which can be susceptible to a partial demolition or storage and replacement:  Trees and vegetation not included in the clearance and clearing.  Rails.  Crossbeams.  Catenary elements (poles and wires).  Signaling system. After the analysis of demolitions to perform in the plot of Baladjari workshops, the works that must be performed are:  Sidewalk demolitions (subbase, support and flooring).  Concrete structure demolitions (reinforced concrete or mass).  Pavement demolitions.  Building demolitions.

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 Curb demolitions.  Gantry demolition and removal.+

EARTH MOVEMENTS/LEVELLING WORKS

 Baladjari Workshop The average altitude of the plot destined to harbour the new workshops is near 36,60 m over the sea and the maximal incline is about 3.51 m. The future workshops of Baladjari's railway locomotives must place in a horizontal plane so an earth moving work (about 46000 m3) is expected.

 Gandja Workshop The average altitude of the plot destined to harbour the new workshops is near 346 m over the sea and the existing facilities are placed in a horizontal plot so the incline is non‐existent. The earth moving works expected are slightly important; mainly they will be owed to local excavations for new underground networks or the new building foundations.

FOUNDATIONS AND STRUCTURES

DIVISIONS OF THE PRESENT PACKAGE

Three divisions must be considered within the scope of the present package, «Foundations and structures ». They have been defined hereafter.

 Division nº1 – Buildings’ Concrete construction. This division is comprised of all the elements and structures that are to be built of reinforced concrete.  Division nº2‐ Buildings’ Steel construction. Includes all the elements and structures that will be constructed using a steel structure.  Division nº3 – Civil Engineering Works. The structures and elements of civil works not included in divisions 1 and 2 are gathered in division nº3. A detailed scope of works is included in the Civil Work description.

DIVISION Nº1 AND DIVISION Nº2: MAIN FACILITIES

Maintenance Hall for any level of maintenance: diagnosis, disassembly, repair and assembly. Multipurpose Building for Repair workshops, maintenance operations, administration, inside storage, etc.

DIVISION Nº1 AND DIVISION Nº2: OPTIONAL FACILITIES

The following facilities might be included in this package, depending on the needs for each of the locations and alternatives.

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 Transformer Substation Division nº 1.  Car Parking Shelters Parking areas have been planned. The shelters would take part of divisions 1 and 2. With a fence consisting of metal tubes and a metal net of adequate resistance (division nº2).

Figure 24: Optional facilities

DIVISION Nº3: CIVIL ENGINEERING WORKS

The civil works’ structures that it will be necessary to develop correspond to the following typologies:

 Retaining Walls:  Concrete slabs –to shelter the following elements or zones:  Zones designated for the storage of residues, damaged tools or elements for breaking‐ up, etc.  Platform and shelter for water treatment and water purification plant.  Platforms for other auxiliary functions such as generating a sufficiently flat surface in order to shelter on‐site storage and on‐site sheds, as well as temporary offices, refectories, etc.  Manholes or any other type of accessible chambers, conceived in reinforced concrete.  All the remaining elements conceived in reinforced concrete or steel, to be located on the outside of the plot of land where the main buildings are to be constructed.

-

Figure 25: Maintenance hall proposal

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SCOPE OF WORKS

The following scope of works gathers the tasks to be accomplished by the successful tenderer for any of the three above‐mentioned divisions. They must be carried out complying with both European and Azeri regulations and codes.

 Defining the location of the buildings.  Excavations during the construction of the foundations, including the removal and addition of fillers as necessary (earthworks).  The buried networks, underneath the concrete foundation slabs or the embankments, which are necessary for the correct functioning of the installations, of the construction division as well as for that of the division of systems and equipment of the workshop.  Works underneath the concrete foundation slabs or the embankments, as well as the different chambers for non‐water pipes and networks, which are necessary for the correct functioning of the installations, of the construction division as well as for that of the division of systems and equipment of the workshop.  Different types of footings and support beams of the foundation.  Concrete foundation slabs, superficial slabs, including those that make up the platform.  The infrastructure of the buildings.  All the complementary works necessary to guarantee the proper construction of the main works.  The superstructure made of reinforced concrete, including:  Pillars, screening walls and retaining walls.  Floorings, beams and concrete slabs.  Parapets and skylights.  All the works that require the utilization of reinforced concrete or masonry of any type.  The facades of pre‐made concrete.  Non‐load‐bearing walls or masonry walls.  Facade elements, both light and heavy.  Renderings, paving, ramps.

BUILDING FACILITIES

BUILDING FACILITIES IN WORKSHOP OF BALADJARI AND GANDJA

The future workshops must be equipped with adequate facilities to building the capabilities they intend to develop. Generally, both the main and the outbuildings workshops will be screened the following facilities:

 Sanitation facilities.  General water installation and indoor distribution  General water distribution  Sanitary ware,taps & fittings

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 Natural gas grid  Fire‐fighting equipment  Hot water production systems  Solar and thermal energy  Air‐ conditioning installation  Thermoelectric station  Air conditioning units.  Hidraulic distribution  Ventilation equipment  Electricity installations  Control units and regulation components  Electrics Board  Cable and wiring  Fire detection and electronic security equipment  Lightning rods and earthing systems  Lighting equipment  Photovoltaic installation  Power generator  Voice and data network  Compressed air network in the workshop.

URBANIZATION WORKS

LEVELLING, PAVING AND GARDENS.

The following types of urban spaces are projected: railway platform (concrete), roads, sidewalks for the pedestrian traffic, gardens and green spaces. Exceptionally zones or spaces saved for specific uses are: zone of storage, road and railway platform zone, zones with elements to save level changes like stairs, ramps and accesses.

PLOT NETWORKS

In Baladjari and Gandja workshops, networks for supply the machines and facilities are planned:

 Water supply system or water supply network: a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide water supply.  Firefighting system.  Gas and pipelines supply system.  Illumination.  Waste water network: different networks for rain clean water, rain waste water and waste water.

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Figure 26: Baladjari Workshop area

POWER SUPPLY. ENERGY. TRANSFORMER BUILDING

In Both workshops, Baladjari and Ganja, a transformer will be installed to feed all these utilities and also low voltage panels to power the various parts of the workshop. From line 25 KV 50 Hz, the substation will be fed. This will be placed in a space as close as possible to the building of the workshops, given the easy access to the centre because of maintenance. The center will consist of a local for the local electric company, a local medium voltage and low voltage as well as local control, local for each transformer. Local Medium Voltage, Low Voltage Control shall consist of:

 A cell sectioning  A general protection cell  A protection cell for each transformer  A box equipped with two low‐voltage circuit breakers  A security panel. Each local transformer will have a transformer set. There will be two local processors. This provision allows redundancy in case of failure of a transformer.

CONTACT LINE. CATENARY

An overhead electric contact line (OCL) should be installed in the new access tracks to Baladjari and Gandja workshops. The object of this system is to supply traction energy to electric railways. The contact line designs must be adapted to the respective technical and operational requirements. A catenary‐supported overhead contact line will be installed in the new‐construction access tracks to Baladjari Electric workshop and Gandja Electric+Diesel workshops. The following estimated contact line’s lengths are to be considered to be installed:

 • 3,4 km in Baladjari workshop.  • 2,3 km in Gandja workshop. No overhead contact line will be installed inside the workshop buildings.

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Contact line will be composed of:

 Overhead contact line wires: sustentor or catenary wire, contact wire, droppers,  Earth connection equipment,  Insulators,  Poles, foundations and cross‐span structures  Support equipment,  Tensioning equipment,  Electric protecting equipment,  Auxiliary equipment: signalling devices…  Traction current return circuit

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION PROCESS – THE MAINTENANCE CONCEPT

The following chapter will provide a brief description of the operation process and its basic project components with specific references to the potential main waste production.

GENERAL INFORMATION

High levels of maintainability are required to ensure that the impact on the user of the scheduled and unscheduled maintenance technician is minimized. The time and effort for scheduled and unscheduled maintenance activities are to be kept to a minimum. The design of System components and their layout shall provide an easy maintenance and repair. When required, it shall be possible to visually inspect, test the functioning and carry out routine adjustments to the equipment without removing any part other than inspection plates and covers. All components shall be easily accessible for routine servicing without the use of special tools, pits, hoists or lifting equipment. The System shall be maintainable and repairable using existing maintenance and repair facilities currently employed.

MAINTAINABILITY DESIGN CRITERIA

The maintenance concept shall be used as guidelines during the development of the support system for the system, but shall be optimized during the LSA process by performing LORA on repairable items. The decision taken to allocate a task to a specific maintenance level shall be based on the following considerations:

• complexity of the fault / failure,

• duration of maintenance support task,

• facility requirements

• availability and cost of spares,

• experience / expertise of the system supplier, Alstom Transport,

• criticality and mission effect of the failure,

• level Of Repair Analysis (LORA).

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DEPOT ORGANIZATION

Depots are organised around 1 main depot in Baku (light & heavy maintenance, thus, levels 1 to 5) together with 1 satellite depot (light maintenance only – Gandja, thus, levels 1 to 3)

SATELLITE DEPOT

The satellite depot will be in charge of servicing and light preventive and corrective maintenance. For information purposes, they should be equipped at minimum with: • Two maintenance lanes on pit, with access gantry to the cab and the roof. • One maintenance lane over a simple underfloor wheel lathe.

The maintenance lanes will be provided by: • 25T overhead cranes for the removal of roof panels and heavy LRU’s (hook clearance is 8 m above ground) • be provided with lifting means to raise the locomotives , in order to allow the inspections that take part of the scope of tasks of the satellite workshop • be at different locations supplied with compressed air, depot power supply for the locomotives and proper safety interlocks for access to the roof gantry. The depot will be equipped for effluent discharge. Sanding, washing installation and miscellaneous refill will be performed in depots. The satellite depot will have: • a storage facility, supplied with consumables and LRU’s for day to day corrective in order to guaranty availability of the locos (high rotation ratio spare parts) • access to state of the art communication to allow proper maintenance coordination with the main depot. • Proper waste disposal system Exterior washing of the locomotive by means of a movable machine, thus, taking advantage on the reduced length of the locomotive. Given the characteristics of this machine, this task can be carried out at any spot of the drained platform, inside or outside the building. Most of corrective actions will be performed by standard exchange of LRU’s and capital spares: The LRU or capital spare will be then sent to the Main depot to manage its repair cycle. Satellite depot may be equipped with miscellaneous test kits to confirm failure of dismounted LRU’s.

MAIN DEPOT

The main Baladjari depot will be the coordinating centre for maintenance activities and fleet health management. This main depot will hold the following activities:  All the tasks carried out in the satellite depot, described in the previous parragraphe.

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 those concerning the management and/or performance of the remaining maintenance tasks such as repair and overhaul of LRU and components, according to the industrial

strategy, described in this document.

Figure 27: Baladjari Maintenance hall ‐ subdivisions In addition to the equipment of the satellite workshop, the main facility, to be located in Baladjari, is to be provided with the following elements:

A. WHEEL REPROFILING AREA General description Building length will be enough to accommodate any 4 contiguous bogies, in order to allow the preparation of bogies for wheel turning, the wheel turning, and works on the bogie after wheel turning, everything inside the building. A shunting vehicle or a locomotive winch will be used to move the locomotive above the underfloor wheel lathe to go from one bogie to another one. The hall door on each side of the building will be equipped with residual space coverings to minimize the streaming in of cold air and the streaming off of warm air. Underfloor wheel lathe Underfloor wheel lathe is used to re‐profile the wheels under the locomotive without having to remove the axles or wheels from the locomotive, and to reprofiIe the wheel thread of the service locomotives. The underfloor wheel lathe will be a tandem type, allowing reprofiling simultaneously the 4 wheels of a bogie. The underfloor wheel lathe allows reprofiling one bogie in a maximum of 1 hour.

Utilities The underfloor wheel lathe is installed in a pit. In the pit 220 Vac electrical outlets, 7‐bar compressed air nozzles, telephone and IT connections are provided in addition to the 380 Vac. The underfloor wheel lathe is fed with 380 Vac.

Main waste generation Metal scraps from the wheels. To dispose to specific treatment.

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B. WASHING AREA General description The locomotive washing installation allows to carry‐out:

• Exterior washing of the locomotive by means of a movable machine, thus, taking advantage on the reduced length of the locomotive. Given the characteristics of this machine, this task can be carried out at any spot of the drained platform, inside or outside the building. • reinforced exterior washing by manual washing on a dedicated locomotive washing stand. This stand can be used also for de‐icing during harsh winter conditions, thus the draining system should be able to absorb around 6000 litres of water / train (snow melt + water consumed by Karcher) during 1 hour. All the locomotive washing areas must be designed in order to allow water drainage. Water supply points and 220 Vac power supply outlets are spaced along the train washing areas allowing train washing by means of a washing lance connected to a high pressure steam cleaning machines which are not provided in the present scope. Grated drains shall ensure the drainage of water in the locomotive washing areas. Washing of both Electric and diesel locomotives will be allowed in any of the locomotive washing areas. Figure 28: Washing unit Buried tanks for oil/petrol separators/interceptors and settling tanks for sludge and greasy substances will be set, and also and a depuration system, so water has good quality previous to delivering to the city drainage network.

Main waste generation Water with grease and oil. Max 6000 l / hour, foreseen values are maximum 4 hours of washing a day, that is 24 m3/ day . This water must be treated in an grease separator and connected to the specif treatment plant

C. MOVABLE PAINTING BOOTH Painting area: a movable painting both tunnel is required for this task.The function of the painting booth tunnel consists on spraying and drying different types of paint (polyurethane, water painting, gel‐coats, etc.) all over the fuselage of the locomotives, or locomotive an specific zone of them The painting process is:

• Preparation of locomotive (surface treatment and degreasing) • Application of primer and drying in the paint booth, • Verification before final paint and small surface repairs,

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• Final paint in the paint booth

Paint booth specifications: The painting booth is equipped with ventilation and filter extraction system, which is necessary to extract contaminated air and to supply fresh air. There is also a system to generate hot air and thus, enabling the drying of the paint. Waste generation Contaminated air and water with paint issued when cleaning the paint application elements. Movable cabin to be used in the train washing areas, outdoors, and connected to a grease separator and treatment plant

D. AUXILIARY WORKSHOPS Some activities to be performed in the auxiliary workshop are permanent and should be performed during the complete maintenance period. Other activities are performed per “campaign” linked to the locomotive overhaul program. Thus, the auxiliary workshops shall be as flexible as possible in order to adapt them to the works to be carried out. All auxiliary workshops are equipped with electrical outlets, wired telephone and IT connections and compressed air nozzles. In the auxiliary workshop 380 Vac is provided in few locations to supply maintenance equipment. The minimum clearance (floor to ceiling) of the auxiliary workshop will be higher than 4 m. In the auxiliary workshops, the exact distribution of electrical outlets, telephone connections, IT connections, water supply points and water collection points will be defined in detail design phase. The auxiliary workshops approximately 1.600 m² are subdivided in various parts as follows. For detailed list of special tools and equipment for every workshop, see Appendices. All surfaces are given for information purposes only, to be confirmed during detailed design.

D.1. BOOGIE WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of bogie workshop is: • Storage of bogies • Cleaning of bogies • Dismounting/mounting of bogie components, • Repair and overhaul of small components such as suspensions, rods, • Control and repairs of bogie frame, Bogie workshop and bogie storage area will be conveniently located between lifting track and bogie drop‐down table, in order to minimize complicated movements of heavy parts. The transfer of bogies from/to lifting track area will be assured by transversal embedded track and a bogie turntable. The transfer of bogies from drop‐down table to the bogie area is assured by transversal movement of the drop‐down table until the range of 25t overhead travelling crane. The spare bogies are stored under the 25t overhead traveling crane on special supports allowing bogie storage on 2 levels. Those supports distribute the load to respect the overload accepted by the floor. The bogie workshop and bogie storage area shall have approximate surface of 600 m2.

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Main waste generation Metal scraps from axle and Wheel small mechanizings and rectifying. Equivalent to Wheel lathe waste

D.2. MULTIPURPOSE WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is minor urgent repair and renovation of miscellaneous equipment’s. The interior workshop shall have approximate surface of 60 m2.

D.3. HVAC WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is corrective repair and testing of cabin HVAC equipment. The HVAC workshop shall have approximate surface of 120 m2.

D.4. GENERAL ELECTRICAL WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is inspection, repair, overhaul, and testing of electric equipment (traction equipment, contactors, main transformer, rheostat, motor block, common block, circuit breaker, etc.). It will be conveniently located as much as possible near the locomotive lifting track in order to minimize the movements of heavy parts. The Electrical workshop shall have approximate surface of 200 m2.

D.5. ELECTRONIC’S WORKSHOP Electronic area shall be closed and kept free of dust. The scope is basic repairs and inspection of electronic equipment and testing / diagnostic. The Electronics workshop shall have approximate surface of 80 m2.

D.6. CALIBRATION AND TOOLS AREA The calibration and tools room shall be closed and kept free of dust. The scope is storage, control and calibration of measurements tools and devices (thermal probes, ammeter, voltmeter, Fluke, etc.). The calibration and tools area shall have approximate surface of 50 m2.

D.7. PANTOGRAPH WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is, repair, overhaul, and testing of pantograph. The pantograph workshop shall have approximate surface of 80 m2.

D.8. GENERAL MECHANICAL WORKSHOP Thisworkshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is repair of miscellaneous mechanical equipment, machining of small parts, small steel works, etc. The general mechanical workshop shall have approximate surface of 120 m2.

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D.9. BRAKE BLOCKS AREA This area is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is cleaning, inspection, repair, overhaul, and testing of brake blocks. The brake blocks workshop shall have approximate surface of 120 m2.

D.10. SMALL PAINT WORKS & POLYESTER WORKSHOP This workshop is opened on the locomotive hall. The scope of this workshop is small repairs of carbodyshell, windows, polyester, interior panels The small paint works & polyester workshop shall have approximate surface of 50 m2

D.11. COMPRESSORS WORKSHOP Compressor workshop shall be closed and kept free of dust. The scope of this workshop is repair, overhaul and testing of air compressor and air dryer assembly. The compressor workshop shall have approximate surface of 120 m2.

EXTERIOR YARD AREA FOR BOTH SATELLITE AND MAIN DEPOTS

A. RAILWAY TRACKS FOR LOCOMOTIVE HANDOVERS For the transfer of locomotives between the maintainer and the operator, within the site there will be following transfer areas:

• a so‐called "feeder area" on which locomotives are provided by the Operator to the Maintainer for the purpose of preventive or corrective maintenance

• a so‐called "return area" for the handover of available locomotives by the Maintainer to the Operator after the maintenance has been performed

The characteristics of handover areas:

• Available railroad tracks at both of the entrances to the maintenance hall. • shall be equipped with catenary • must allow the installation of two of the above mentioned case‐type of locomotive (two cars locomotive). • are equipped with all necessary means that the Maintainer and the Operator can perform functional testing, troubleshooting and external visual inspections.

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There will direct access from the handover tracks to the workshops. If the railway siding of the workshop system is not at a station (i.e. entry and exit of locomotives driving done as shunting), but directly at line tracks, so the transfer areas shall be developed accordingly, that a direct entry or exit from the tracks is possible as a locomotive ride. The dismantling of the 2 sections of double locomotives must be possible on these transfer areas tracks.

B. DEPOT CIRCULATION The road vehicle access is to the depot is done through the main or secondary entry. These entries will allow light vehicles (employees and services) and heavy trucks to access to the site. There will be parking with enough places for employee and guests near the main entry, with a walking access to the main maintenance building, offices, and servicing area. Heavy trucks will have an access to different areas of the depot:

• To the washing area for cleaning product supply, • To main building area, Road vehicles movements will be secured by different technical static solution such as ground marking, traffic signs, road‐humps, light signs. Road layout on the site will be optimized to avoid road crossing by rail. Where it is not possible, this crossing will be secured by a sign at the road entrance: “Industrial area – rail vehicles have priority”. In front of maintenance building, there will be a concrete slab so that road vehicles, including forklifts and heavy trucks can pass on. The pedestrians’ circulation around building will be secured by sidewalks and painted marked on the ground. Crossroads are secured by zebra crossing and pedestrian circulations that are too close to the track are protected by barriers. Rail crossings are secured by duckboards. The entry and exit of locomotives to the site perimeter are managed by the Depot Control Centre and Operation Control Centre and signalling system. Locomotive movements inside the site perimeter are managed by the Depot Control Centre.

The workshops’ layout for Baladjari has been presented above. There is a main access railway track connecting the workshops to the main entrance line to the facilities. From that entry, several turnouts allow the connexion of this incoming line to 3 different lines (handover area), and a 4th line that is used as a bypass.

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The facilities can be accessed from both sides (East and West), and locomotives can be easily turned and be displaced from the light maintenance area to the heavy maintenance area, on the railway bypass described before, which construction is included in the scope of the present project.

WAREHOUSE, OFFICES & PREMISES FOR BOTH SATELLITE AND MAIN DEPOTS

A. WAREHOUSE All the following information is given for information purposes. The minimum available height of the main part of the main store will be up to 8 meters. On other parts the minimum available height will be 3.5 meters. The warehouse floor is designed in accordance with the type of storage provided. The flatness of the floor and its horizontality must be compatible with the type of storage provided. The warehouse will be equipped to store pallets, small items, and large bulky items

A.1. PALLETS The pallets shelving shall allow storing enough pallets (1.2 ton weight, 1.2 m depth, 0,8m width) according to the equipment to be stored in satellite and main depots. The cells of the pallet shelving shall be designed to accept 3 pallets of 1.2 m depth, 0.8 m width or 2 pallets of 1.2 m depth, 1.2 m width. The pallets shall be stored on 5 levels, the first three levels for pallet up to 1.3 m high and the remaining ones up to 0.8 m high. The pallet shelving shall be designed with narrow aisles (1.6 m) to reduce its surface.

A.2. SMALL ITEMS The small item shelving shall allow storing approximately the equivalent of 2,000 small items (15 kg weight, 0.60 m depth, 0.40 m width, 0.28 m height). The cells of the small item shelving shall be designed without partition to accept 4 small items or any item compatible with the cell size. The small item shelving shall be designed for manual handling with aisles width of 1.0 m. The small items shall be stored on 7 levels.

.A.3. LARGE BULKY ITEMS The large bulky items will be store directly on the floor or on specific tracks,that will main concern the main depot. A suitable electrical forklift truck will be provided. A forklift truck park lot will be provided with the suitable charging devices.

A.4. RECEIVING/DISPATCHING AREA A receiving and dispatching area will be provided with a dock for loading / unloading of trucks. It is equipped with air compressed distribution point and electrical outlets. The reception area shall be equipped with electrical outlets, telephone connections and IT connections.

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A storekeeper office (25m²) integrating a tool‐serving hatch, opening to the inside of the workshop, will be installed inside the warehouse and in the close vicinity of the main access door and of the material receiving and dispatching area. The storekeeper office shall be equipped with electrical outlets, telephone connections and IT connections. Cupboards for sensible tools and items are provided. The warehouse includes an oil and grease store, which is closed, ventilated room.. The access doors to the warehouse will allow free passage for a forklift truck (minimum high 3.0 meters and minimum width 3.0 meters). In addition an outside storage will be used for storing all heavy parts, bulky devices and tools that can be stored externally.

Main waste generation In the warehouses one small room is dedicated to store greases and oils, in order to allow them to wait there for proper disposal

B. OFFICES AND PREMISES Any office and premises shall be equipped with electrical outlets, wired telephone and IT connections. At least 4 electrical outlets (220V / 50Hz) and 2 wired telephone and IT connections shall be provided for each working position and for each meeting room. All offices will be equipped with air conditioning. All indicated surfaces are provisions shall be adjusted to regulation and practices according to number of positions. All sanitary blocs, amenities (locker‐rooms and changing rooms including toilets and showers), break rooms and canteen shall be adjusted to regulation and practices according to indicated constraints. Entrances, corridors, stairs and lifts should be adjusted to regulation and practices. The offices and premises are mainly located on first floor above auxiliary workshops. The offices and premises, which are not on the external side of the building, should have windows given on the locomotive hall. Main waste generation In the offices and all the premises human waste must be foreseen. Calculation of the average population shows a maximum of 126 people for Baladjari, and 70 people for Gandja.

C. CONTROL CENTRE To ensure trouble‐free operation, the maintainer sets up an operations control center and maintains it during the whole contract period. In the control center are dispatchers of the maintainer and dispatchers of the operator, present in person during operating hours according to official operating /vehicle schedule plan. A direct personal agreement between maintainer and operator with respect to the disposition of the locomotives case‐type is thus supported. The control centre is located within the workshop. The control centre is an adequately sized, heated room suitable for this purpose with outside windows, power and phone and access to sanitary facilities (WC). Each Operator (up to three) must, in addition to the workstation of the maintainer's dispatchers set up computer workstations for each of two people in this room (at least 10 m2 floor area per workstation). Full access to the control centre for the operators or their representatives must be guaranteed.

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OTHER FEATURESFOR BOTH SATELLITE AND MAIN DEPOTS

A. TRAIN HALL DOORS FOR TRAIN ACCESS The locomotive hall entrances for locomotives shall be equipped with locomotive access doors. The minimum free width for the doors shall be in line with the dynamic gauge of the locomotive. The design of those doors shall limit the air exchange between outside and inside of the building. Those doors shall be equipped with windows allowing personal to see the other side of the door. When required, those doors shall be designed to allow the overhead lines to go through the doors even if they are closed in order to allow a continuous overhead lines contact. Those doors shall be motorized and shall be operated manually by the way of push buttons located on both sides (interior and exterior) of each door.

B. TRACK SYSTEM The minimum horizontal design radius shall not be less than 125 m. Track horizontal alignments comprising reverse curves without straight track between them shall be designed with a radius greater than 170 m. Vertical alignment of track shall not include curves of radius of less than 250 m on a crest or 500 m in a hollow. Gradients of tracks shall not be more than 2,5mm/m. Normally the tracks are on ballast, except the ones inside the building and the external ones where specific maintenance equipment is installed or where there are some road/footpaths crossings.

Inside the building, the track shall be: embedded in shallow surfacing and laid in asphalt or concrete surfacing, or on metallic poles (H section type HEB 220 with an interval of 1.5 linear meter (to be confirmed during detailed design). Outside the building and just before the locomotive doors for locomotive accesses the tracks shall be embedded to allow road vehicle or forklift movements. The tracks are equipped with a drainage system connected to the sewage.

C. TRACTION POWER SYSTEM Each depot shall be equipped with a 25 kV 50 Hz AC in overhead line and using rails as traction return conductor. For safety reasons, where there wont be catenary inside the locomotive halls, within the scope of works of the present project. The overhead contact lines will reach the façade of the hall, and they will be anchored to the structure right there, above the entrance and exit doors. • Locomotives will be pushed and pulled when inside the maintenance hall, by special diesel vehicles or other diesel push&pull locomotives. • Locomotives will be tested in tension only outside the maintenance hall.

D. LOW VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM The depot shall be equipped with low voltage distribution system with at least: • 220 Vac, 2 phases, 50 Hz •

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• 380 Vac, 3 phases, 50 Hz. Except if specified otherwise the low voltage electrical outlets are 220 Vac. In particular, the 220 Vac is used all along the locomotives to power portable tools and lights. A standby generator is recommended or at minimum an Uninterruptible Power System (UPS) is necessary in order to supply during at least 2 hours: all safety and emergency equipment’s including CCTV system and Public Address system, wired telephone and IT system including electrical outlets foreseen for computers.

E. COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM Each depot shall be equipped with a compressed air distribution network able to deliver 7bar or 10‐ bar compressed air. Except if otherwise stated, the compressed air delivery shall be at 7 bar. The 10‐ bar air compressed is used only to feed the locomotive. Each distribution point shall include a rapid coupling device preceded by a valve as well as an air reserve with a purge point. The compressed air shall be produced internally.

F. WIRED TELEPHONE AND IT Each depot shall be equipped with a wired telephone and IT system allowing internal and external communications and data transmission.

This system shall include a private automatic branch exchange PABX central unit, its MMI, and all associated equipment allowing voice and data exchanges among the depot and the public telephone and IT network.

G. CCTV SYSTEM Each depot shall be equipped with a CCTV system is order to monitor through cameras the whole depot including at least:

 the tracks until the connection to the existing track system, •  the full perimeter of the depot,  the depot entrance. All the images shall be recorded with camera identification and with time‐stamping and stored over one 30 days period (to be checked with Azerbaijani Data Protection Law). The CCTV system operator shall be capable:  to choose the images to be visualized on his control screens coming from any camera,  to review any images still recorded on the CCTV system, to transfer any images still recorded on the CCTV system on a DVD.

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POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE BALADJARI AND GANDJA WORKSHOPS

The construction of the new Workshops at Baladjari (Baku) and Gandja, is a part of the modernization of the ADY railroad in order to expand the service and to provide more efficient transport of goods such as heavy oil products. The potential impacts are expected to be temporary and related to the direct construction and rehabilitation of the existing infrastructure and set up of new maintenance workshops including a new power supply and construction of a substation, replacement of existing infrastructure (sleepers, re‐ballasting or replacement of existing tracks, etc.). The planned or expected actions potentially are supposed to generate direct and indirect impacts: (i) noise in residential areas, (ii)rehabilitation of the track, (iii) dust and exhaust emissions from equipment; (iv) vibration; and waste management, (v) possibly including removal of existing hazardous wastes, for example when replacing old tracks, transformers. The metal wastes and oil stained wooden bars from rail and sleeper replacement require to be collected and transported to a disposal site. The main environmental issues identified by this preliminary environmental analysis can be separated in three different project phases:

 Phase 1: Demolition works and removal of existing installations  Phase 2: Construction works of the new buildings and installations and adjacent infrastructures (access, power supply, etc.  Phase 3: Operation and maintenance of the new installations The potential environmental impacts and the actions focused on their mitigation according to the project phases are as follows:

Phase 1: Demolition works and removal of existing installations:

 Impact on air quality: dust and exhaust emissions from operation of construction equipment will be mitigated by using water spraying, ensuring proper ventilation of internal areas and regular check‐up of engines; emissions from operation of diesel locomotives will be mitigated by proper maintenance of engines;  Existing hazardous or toxic deposals and waste (petrol, oil, grease, pesticides, asbestos) coming from operation of the former installations will be monitored, controlled and removed to adequate landfill sites or treat according to the types of substances encountered.  Impact on water: contamination of water by discharge of untreated waste waters during the construction phase will be mitigated by mechanical treatment and/or disinfection of water prior to discharge into water reservoirs; Hazardous spilling of oils, will be avoided by correct check‐up of the equipment.  Impact on land: impact caused by excavation during construction/rail and sleepers replacement and by improper disposal of wastes, metal garbage and oil stained wooden bars will be mitigated by taking/disposing of excavated materials from/at approved sites; collection, transportation in covered containers and proper disposal of wastes during and upon completion of construction phase, impacts related to daily activities of the demolition team.

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 Impact of noise and vibration in adjacent residential areas, caused by operation of the construction equipment will be mitigated by keeping noise level below maximum permissible level for each type of equipment.  Impact on Human Health and Labour, as a result of accidents will be mitigated by appropriate design and layout of the Health and Safety Plan containing the adequate measures during the demolition works Phase 2: Construction works of the new buildings and installations and adjacent infrastructures (access, power supply, etc.):

 Impact on air quality: dust and exhaust emissions from operation of construction equipment will be mitigated by using water spraying, ensuring proper ventilation of internal areas and regular check‐up of engines;  Impact on water: contamination of water by discharge of untreated waste waters during the construction phase will be mitigated by mechanical treatment and/or disinfection of water prior to discharge into water reservoirs;  Impact on land: impact caused by excavation during construction of the railway tracks and sleepers replacement and by improper disposal of wastes, metal garbage and oil stained wooden bars will be mitigated by taking/disposing of excavated materials from/at approved sites; collection, transportation in covered containers and proper disposal of wastes during and upon completion of construction phase, impacts related to daily activities of the demolition team.  Impact of noise and vibration in adjacent residential areas, caused by operation of the construction equipment will be mitigated by keeping noise level below maximum permissible level for each type of equipment.  Impact on Human Health and Labour, as a result of accidents will be mitigated by appropriate design and layout of the Health and Safety Plan containing the adequate measures at the construction site Phase 3: Operation and maintenance of the new installations:

 Impact on air quality: dust and exhaust emissions from operation of equipment will be mitigated by proper ventilation of internal areas and regular check‐up of engines; emissions from operation of diesel locomotives will be mitigated by proper maintenance of engines;  Impact on water: contamination of water by discharge of untreated waste waters during the construction phase will be mitigated by mechanical treatment and/or disinfection of water prior to discharge into water reservoirs;  Impact of noise and vibration in adjacent residential areas, caused by operation of the equipment will be mitigated by keeping noise level below maximum permissible level for each type of equipment.  Impact of light pollution of lighting installations will be mitigated by appropriate design and layout of the lamps and flashlights.  Impact on Human Health and Labour, as a result of accidents will be mitigated by appropriate desing and layout of the Health and Safety Plan containing the adequate measures at the workshop area A detailed list of the potential impacts with proposed mitigation measures is shown as follows:

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QUALITY OF THE LAND SURFACE

Considering that new depots will be built in the areas which were previously used as depot areas, there are no serious construction‐related impacts upon local landscape of both Bilajari and Ganja sites. Some minor temporary impacts related to demolition of old and installation of new depot facilities as well as the impacts related to daily activities of the construction team must be dealt with in accordance with acting domestic construction standards in the way that the negative environmental effect of such activities is minimized as much as possible. Throughout 1st and 2nd phases of the construction process, impacts directly related to demolition, replacement and construction activities will be mitigated through the following measures:

 Careful siting.  Proper organization of the construction area.  Restoration of borrow areas after excavation.  Careful design and appropriate selection of construction methods, standards and materials.  Cleaning the site after the construction is completed.

Negative impacts related to construction team’s daily operations will be prevented/minimized through:

 Delimitation of the construction site and avoiding the spread of building materials/activities beyond the identified construction area;  Establishment of temporary construction camps;  Proper installation of construction facilities;  Recovery of initial landscape after the removal of camps and other construction facilities.

SOIL CONTAMINATION

Some historic railroad operations involved the use of chemicals that may have resulted in presence today of contamination. The most commonly reported contamination along rail lines includes metals, pesticides (such as lead arsenate), and constituents of oil or fuel (petroleum products). These chemicals have been associated with normal railroad operations and are likely to be found anywhere along the line. For example, it would not be uncommon to find arsenic (up to ten times natural background levels) present in the soil along a right‐of‐way from old railroad ties dipped in an arsenic solution, arsenic weed‐control sprays, and arsenic‐laced slag used as railroad bed fill . Lubricating oil and diesel that dripped from the trains are likely sources of the petroleum product found along the lines. Other sources of contaminants associated with historic railroad operation may include coal ash from engines, creosote from ties, and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (“PAHs”) from the diesel exhaust8.

8 COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS, EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Best Management Practices for Controlling Exposure to Soil during the Development of Rail Trails,

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Along with other hydrocarbon bearing regions of the world, the problems of environmental pollution are characteristic also for the Absheron peninsula of Azerbaijan Republic, where a major part of the country’s industrial potential, including 60% of onshore oil production, is located. The territory is also a place of important oil and gas transportation pipelines (Khalilova, 2013). The history of more than 150 years’ oil production has severely reflected on the landscapes of the peninsula. Long‐term contamination of soils by crude oil, produced water and drill cuttings and the consequent environmental impact has changed geochemical, hydrological, geophysical and biological conditions of ecosystem throughout the region that have been reported by a number of authors (Alekperov, 2000; Mamedov and Aliyev, 2005; Isaev et al., 2007; Aliyev and Khalilova, 2014)9 The Apsheron Penninsula soil is known for having an important and acute oil degradation with more that 10,000 hectares of land heavily contaminated. Copper, lead and zinc mines are the main sources of heavy‐metal soil pollution. Steel plants produce dust containing 15‐30% zinc, 3‐5% lead, 0,1% cadmium. In some areas of Baku average concentrations of zinc in soils are up to 50‐60 times the acceptable levels. The transport infrastructure such as railroad installation was especially exposed to spilling of hazardous or toxic chemical elements.

Figure 29. Presumably Oil amd lubricant spilling (left). Track removal works at Baladjari workshop, Ties and sleepers with evidence of contamination (right)

9 H. Kh. Khalilova (2015) The Impact of Oil Contamination on Soil Ecosystem International Ecoenergy Academy, Baku, the Republic of Azerbaijan. Biological and Chemical Research, Volume 2015, 133‐139 | Science Signpost Publishing

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A first preliminary soil survey showed the following results. Table 22: Heavy metal contents in analysed soil sample (Baladjari)

Avg. Max. Min. Avg. Max. Min. As 0,24 0,9 0,12 Ni 40,4 42,3 36,3

Hg 0,15 0,25 0,08 Cr 49,7 51,5 45,4

Ba 666,8 705,4 630,5 Cd 0,27 0,54 0,18

Sr 355,7 391,3 295,7 Mo 0,27 0,4 0,2

Sb 0,09 0,11 0,05 V 51,4 62,5 40,4

Sn 0,06 0,09 0,02 Zn 64,8 78,4 54,3

Se 0,08 0,12 0,05 Cu 28,4 31,6 21,5

Co 8,3 10,7 4,2 Pb 15,1 17,2 11,3

Table 23: Heavy metal contents in analysed soil sample (Gandja)

Average maximum Minimum Average maximum Minimum As 0,20 0,21 0,19 Ni 37,6 49,5 14,5

Hg 0,23 0,24 0,21 Cr 43,5 54,3 21,5

Ba 704,3 712,4 690,5 Cd 0,30 0,42 0,19

Sr 299,7 310,5 286,8 Mo 0,27 0,40 0,10

Sb 0,07 0,07 0,06 V 55,0 71,2 26,4

Sn 0,07 0,08 0,06 Zn 56,1 66,3 31,5

Se 0,06 0,07 0,04 Cu 25,9 34,5 12,1

Co 8,2 10,1 5,7 Pb 14,9 18,9 10,8

Contaminants in soil are usually a greater risk to health than those in groundwater or surface water because workers are more frequently in contact with the soil. Contaminants may be present in different amounts, in different locations on any site. Usually contaminants are in the top 0.5 ‐1 m soil layer, although rain or water infiltration may carry contamination across a site. Some common contaminants can be found on any site. Others depend on previous site use. The main types of contaminants that may be found on both project sites and impose harm upon people’s health and environment are heavy metals, oils and tars, other organic compounds (e.g. benzene, toluene, polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs]), toxic, explosive or asphyxiant gases (e.g. methane), combustible substances (e.g. petrol), fibres (e.g. asbestos, synthetic mineral fibres) and other hazardous and non‐hazardous industrial waste, including old and new construction materials. Possible soil contamination may occur during all phases of project implementation. Pollution sources include but aren’t limited to damage to soil structure due to excavation, construction material storage and construction traffic. pollution through improper use/storage of construction materials/wastes. Following chart presents maximum threshold limit values of different contaminants are established by Cabinet of Ministers.

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Table 24: Maximum threshold limits for soil contamination

Components MPC mg/kg pH 6,0‐8,0

2 ‐ SO4 320

2‐ NO3 130

Pb2+ 20

Mn2+ 250

V5+ 135

Hg2+ 0.4

Co2+ 8

Cr 40

Zn 2+ 70

Cu2+ 100

Mo6+ 6

Cd2+ 3

Ni2+ 45

Oil and oil products (baseline) 100

Following measures are proposed to prevent soil contamination on both project sites:

 Diggings are to be disposed to a specific landfill identified by local industrial waste management authorities and approved by local environmental agencies (sites to be identified and approved prior to the project implementation).  In case specially hazardous wastes are produced, special safe transportation procedures must be developed to deliver waste from project site to a landfill.  Where necessary, excavated areas have to be rehabilitated. Borrow pit areas have to be approved by local environmental authorities.  Careful storage of construction materials and wastes should be organized, ensuring disposal in specially allocated sites / landfills.  Continuous and accurate monitoring over the quality of soil and state of the potential contamination sources must be organized.

Figure 30: Existing track with oil spills

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POSSIBLE IMPACT ON WATER RESOURCES

Sources of water pollution on building sites include: diesel and oil; paint, solvents, cleaners and other harmful chemicals; and construction debris and dirt. When land is cleared it causes soil erosion that leads to silt‐bearing run‐off and sediment pollution. Silt and soil that runs into natural waterways turns them turbid, which restricts sunlight filtration and destroys aquatic life. Surface water run‐off also carries other pollutants from the site, such as diesel and oil, toxic chemicals, and building materials like cement. When these substances get into waterways they poison water life and any animal that drinks from them. Pollutants on construction sites can also soak into the groundwater, a source of human drinking water. Once contaminated, groundwater is much more difficult to treat than surface water. Next table includes domestically accepted maximum thresholds with regards to water contamination in urban environment: Table 25. Maximum thresholds regarding water contamination № Pollutant Measurement unit MPC 1 Color, visual ‐ ‐ 2 Smell ‐ ‐ 3 Suspended solids mg/l 0,75 4 Turbidity FTU (NTU) <5.0 5 Transparency sm >30 6 pH ‐ 6.5‐8.5 7 Electroconductivity x10‐3 Sm/sm ‐ 8 Dissolved oxygen mg/l 4 % 9 OBS5 mgO/l 6,0 10 OKS mgO/l 30,0 11 İodine content mg‐ekv /l 7,0 12 Cа2+ mg/l ‐ 13 Mg2+ mg/l ‐ 14 Cl‐ mg/l 350.0 15 SO42‐ mg/l 500.0 16 HCO3‐ mg/l ‐ 17 CO32‐ mg/l ‐ 18 Na+ + K+ mg/l ‐ 19 Total ions, ∑ mg/l <1000 20 NO2‐ mg/l 3,3 21 NО3‐ mg/l 45,0

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22 NH4 + mg/l 0,5 23 PO43‐ mg/l 3,5 24 SSAM mg/l 0,1 25 Fenol mg/l 0,001 26 Oil and oil products mg/l 0,05 27 Al mkg/l 500.0 28 Zn mkg/l 500.0 29 Cu mkg/l 10.0 30 Ni mkg/l 100.0 31 Pb mkg/l 30.0 32 Mn mkg/l 10.0 33 Cd mkg/l 1.0 34 Cr mkg/l 50.0 35 Fe mkg/l 500.0 36 Si mkg/l 10000,0 37 Selenium mkg/l 13,0 38 Cyanides mkg/l 170,0 39 Strontium mkg/l 0,007

Following activities are envisaged during the demolition and construction phases to eliminate possible pollution of the areas’ surface and underground water resources. Contamination/pollution of resources by construction wastes, including hazardous or toxic wastes, fuel & oil leakages from trucks, waste water, sediments etc.

 All construction equipment has to be regularly examined to prevent fuel and oil leakages; equipment and vehicles shall not be washed in natural water basins, or in areas where runoff water can flow to surface drainage lines and rivers.  Store construction materials and wastes carefully, provide suitable waste water drainage and safe waste disposal, with treatment (mechanical, disinfection) as necessary. Waste water generation during the operation phase of the workshops

 Collection of all waste water generated in the working facility.  Separated sewage water and rainwater collection systems.  Construction of a water treatment plant for sanitary sewerage.  Installation of oil‐water separator systems in the rainwater and workshop drainage collector. Generation of flood events due to sealing of surface  Construction of retention systems for torrential rainfall events in the rainwater drainage collectors.

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Figure 31: Existing inspection pit at Gandja Workshop

AIR POLLUTION AND NOISE

Construction activities that contribute to air pollution include: land clearing, operation of diesel engines, demolition, burning, and working with toxic materials. All construction sites generate high levels of dust (typically from concrete, cement, wood, stone, silica) and this can carry for large distances over a long period of time. Construction dust is classified as PM10 ‐ particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter, invisible to the naked eye. Research has shown that PM10 penetrate deeply into the lungs and cause a wide range of health problems including respiratory illness, asthma, bronchitis and even cancer. Another major source of PM10 on construction sites comes from the diesel engine exhausts of vehicles and heavy equipment. This is known as diesel particulate matter (DPM) and consists of soot, sulphates and silicates, all of which readily combine with other toxins in the atmosphere, increasing the health risks of particle inhalation. Diesel is also responsible for emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide. Noxious vapours from oils, glues, thinners, paints, treated woods, plastics, cleaners and other hazardous chemicals that are widely used on construction sites, also contribute to air pollution. Construction sites produce a lot of noise, mainly from vehicles, heavy equipment and machinery, but also from people shouting and radios turned up too loud. Excessive noise is not only annoying and distracting, but can lead to hearing loss, high blood pressure, sleep disturbance and extreme stress. Research has shown that high noise levels disturb the natural cycles of animals and reduces their usable habitat. Following table provides for the maximum thresholds established by Azerbaijani regulations with regards to air contamination in urban environment:

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Table 26. Máximum thresholds regarding air contamination in urban environment

MPC mg/m3 Pollutant Average daily One‐time Hazard class maximum Dust 0,15 0,5 3 Sulphur dioxide 0,05 0,5 3 Soluble sulphates ‐ ‐ 2 Charcoal 3 5 4 Azote 4‐oxide 0,04 0,085 2 Azote dioxide 0,06 0,4 3 Hydrogen sulphide ‐ 0,008 2 Smut 0,05 0,15 3 Solid fluorides 0,03 0,2 2 Hydrogen fluorides 0,005 0,02 2 Chlorine 0,03 0,1 2 Hydrogen chloride 0,2 0,2 2 Mercury 0,0003 ‐ 1 Ammonyak 0,04 0,2 4 Sulphoacid 0,1 0,3 2 Formaldehyde 0,003 0,035 2 Phenols 0,003 0,01 2 Furfurol 0,05 0,05 3

The next table includes maximal levels of noise accepted in Azerbaijan: Table 27. Maximal levels of noise in Aerbaijan

Maximum levels of allowed noise, dBA Type of area 23:00‐7:00 23:00‐7:00

45 60 Residential areas 55 65 Industrial areas 35 50 Recreation and tourism areas 30 40 Sanatoriums 45 50 Agricultural areas Below 30 Below 35 Protected areas

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Following measures are proposed to be taken in order to prevent air contamination of both sites and to meet local and international air quality standards. Dust and exhaust during construction

 Fugitive dust will be suppressed by water spraying, particularly during hot, dry and windy conditions.  All diggings and construction materials which can be source of dust and exhaust shall be stored in isolated capacities and transported in covered trucks.  When engaged in dismantling/construction activities, employees will be supllied by special respirator masks preventing dust from being enhaled. Noise from operation of construction equipment

 Noise level should be below the noise levels established through the national regulations.  No noise‐causing demolition/construction works should be carried out between 18:00 and 09:00 and during weekends.  Construction design envisages use of sound suppressing materials.  Construction of noise barriers/sound walls where noise level is incompatible with adjacent residential areas or sensitive areas (schools, hospitals etc.).

VIBRATIONS

Construction phase: Construction activity can result in varying degrees of ground vibration, depending on the equipment and methods employed. Operation of construction equipment causes ground vibrations which spread through the ground and diminish in strength with distance. Buildings founded on the soil in the vicinity of the construction site respond to these vibrations, with varying results ranging from no perceptible effects at the lowest levels, low rumbling sounds and feelable vibrations at moderate levels and slight damage at the highest levels. Ground vibrations from construction activities very rarely reach the levels that can damage structures,but can achieve the audible and feelable ranges in buildings very close to the site. Mitigation measures:  Design considerations and project layout: o Route heavily loaded trucks away from residential streets, if possible. o Operate earthmoving equipment on the construction lot as far away from vibration‐ sensitive sites as possible.  Sequence of operations: o Phase demolition, earthmoving and ground‐impacting operations should not occur in the same time period. Unlike noise, the total vibration level produced could be significantly less when each vibration source operates separately. o Avoid nighttime activities.  Alternative construction methods: o Avoid impact pile driving where possible in vibration‐sensitive areas o Select demolition methods not involving impact, where possible. o Avoid vibratory rollers and packers near sensitive areas.

Operation phase: Buildings that are located near transportation corridors often experience floor vibrations induced by passing trains or traffic. Experiences showed that vibration near railroad

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WASTE MANAGEMENT

Works related to destroyal of old and building of new depots in Baladjari and Ganja are expected to produce large amounts of construction and industrial waste which, once inadequately managed, may cause tremendous environmental impact. Following measures must be undertaken in order to utilize wastes produced during construction/demolition processes

 Sleepers/Ties and rails to be removed during the repair shall be transported and disposed in a special site allocated by local authorities or recycled where technologically possible.  Store wastes carefully, ensure transportation in covered trucks and disposal in specially allocated areas / landfills approved by local authorities.  Regular monitoring over the volumes of produced and handled waste must be organized by the constructor.  Measures must be undertaken to prevent all types of waste from spreading beyond the demolition/construction site’s territory.  Special attention should be paid to highly hazardous waste (e.g. asbestos, oil/oil products, etc.) and specific policies for their utilization must be developed in line with local requirements (for details, see Paragraph 6.7, 6.8).

ABANDONED MACHINERY, SCRAP AND JUNK REMOVAL

 Abandoned machinery, scrap and junk should be removed by a proper removal process. Prevention of leakage of oil/grease and other chemical substances (transformer liquid) etc.,  Delivery of existing machinery to authorized recycling enterprises.

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Figure 32: Abandoned machinery at Gandja workshop site

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PRE‐EXISTING HAZARDOUS OR TOXIC WASTE

Remediation of pre‐existing hazardous waste

 Proper chemical analysis of the pre‐existing hazardous waste agents in ballasts, soils, and subsoils.  Follow‐up and monitoring during the demolition process, removal of the contaminated materials, treatment of the substances or deposal at authorized landfill sites.

The Workshop construction works include excavation, movement, placement and grading of soil. Construction works that involve no movement of soil may be carried out with the application of standard dust control measures, such as spraying soil with water. The following guidelines should be followed during construction involving soil grading and excavation and be incorporated into the construction bid documents in order to ensure the proper handling of soils during trail construction: 1. An independent environmental monitor or task existing staff to oversee the Construction Contractor . The monitor will: • Verify that construction‐related plans and training are in place before construction begins ; • Oversee all excavation, • Visually inspect material that will be moved, and • Ensure proper management of soil along the right‐of‐way and the implementation of Best Management Practices.

During construction, the environmental monitor should be present whenever known contaminated soil will be excavated and should inspect construction‐related Best Management Practices several times each week. 2. Minimize or eliminate exposure of construction workers to potentially contaminated soil. • Prepare site‐specific soil management and health and safety plans. • Have employees and subcontractors complete a safety‐training program covering the potential hazards associated with working with contaminated soil likely to be present along the rail line, before excavation work begins. • Educate employees and subcontractors in identifying contaminated soil and on handling and disposal procedures for contaminated soil. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce the health and safety procedures. • Prevent visible dust during excavation, transportation, and placement operations. Implement dust control measures, such as spraying soil with water, during excavation or grading operations. Exercise caution to prevent soil spillage during transport. 3. Minimize or eliminate exposure of adjacent residents and curious trespassers to potentially contaminated soil. • Prevent visible dust during excavation, transportation, and placement operations. Implement dust control measures, such as spraying soil with water, during excavation or grading operations. Exercise caution to prevent soil spillage during transport.

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• Install temporary signs and/or security fence to surround and secure areas where potentially contaminated soil may pose an Imminent Hazard to human health. • Avoid temporary stockpiling of potentially contaminated soils. Take the following precautions stockpiling, as necessary: o Identify long‐term stockpile locations that are away from residences, schools or playgrounds; o Cover the stockpile with plastic sheeting or tarps to prevent dust generation and erosion; o Install a berm, hay bales, and/or silt fences around the stockpile to prevent runoff from leaving the area; o Do not stockpile in or near storm drains or watercourses; and o Clean‐up materials should be staged near the storage area. 4. Minimize or eliminate the migration of potentially contaminated soil off‐site. • Protect gutters, storm drains, catch basins, and other drainage system features on the site with hay bales and/or silt fences during construction. They should be cleaned following the completion of site work. • Prevent visible dust during excavation, transportation, and placement operations. Implement dust control measures, such as spraying soil with water, during excavation or grading operations. • Exercise caution to prevent soil spillage during transport. • Stabilize exposed areas of potentially contaminated soil and prevent run‐off. 5. Prevent new leaks and spills and notify ADY, as appropriate, if they occur. 6. Transport and dispose potentially contaminated soil in accordance with the applicable rules and regulations

In the framework of the present project a specific CIVIL WORKS ‐ DECONTAMINATION WORKS document is being prepared.

ASBESTOS

Due to its’ outstanding physical properties (e.g. sound absorption, average tensile strength, resistance to fire, heat, electricity, and affordability), the asbestos was widely used in the construction sector of last century until public knowledge (acting through courts and legislatures) of the health hazards of asbestos dust outlawed asbestos in mainstream construction and fireproofing in most countries. Prolonged inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious and fatal illnesses including lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis (a type of pneumoconiosis). Illness from asbestos exposure can be found in records dating back to Roman times. Concern in modern times began in the 20th century and escalated during the 1920s and 1930s. By the 1980s and 1990s, asbestos trade and use were heavily restricted, phased out, or banned outright in an increasing number of countries, including Azerbaijan. There is a high possibility of presence of the asbestos within the facilities of old depots both in Baladjari and Ganja. in order to avoid negative impacts, Protect employees, workers employed in demolition and construction, and the public in general, it is required to inspect for asbestos all buildings or structures. The staff involved in demolition of construction works of asbestos containing materials and wastes, including packaging or shipping, must be trained and/or belong to accredited or state‐licensed firms. Asbestos containing waste must be treated according national regulations.

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An asbestos management plan should include asbestos survey and re‐inspection programme, and a remediation programme should be elaborated. The treatment of deposal of asbestos waste should be realised according the national requirements.

Figure 33: Existing abandoned Workshop at Gandja (Asbestos containing roof)

HUMAN HEALTH AND LABOUR:

Following safety measures must be maintained during demolition of structures in both depots:  The demolition with a bulldozer shall be admissible only in constructions, or part of them, with a height that is less than the bucket’s reach.  The materials will be sufficiently chopped and stacked to facilitate loading, depending on the means that are available and transportation conditions..0  Works will not be performed with rain or wind > 60 km/h.  Generally, the demolition will be performed in reverse order to the one followed for the element’s construction. The demolition will be done top‐down by horizontal layers, so that the demolition is virtually done at the same level.  The part to demolish will not have facilities in service (water, gas, electricity, etc.).  The elements of public service which may be affected by the works will be protected.  The area affected by the works shall be suitably marked, as well as the elements which must be kept intact.  The work will be done in a way to disturb as little as possible those affected.  When finishing the working day, there won´t be any work areas with danger of instability left.  In case of unforeseen events (lands flooded, gas odors, etc.), the works will be suspended and the competent authority will be notified.  The load operation of rubbles will be done with the necessary precautions, to achieve the adequate safety conditions. The elements which may hinder the work of removal and loading of rubbles will be eliminated.  The non‐structural elements will be demolished first, so that the stability of the whole structure remains unaffected.

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 The element to demolish shall not be subject to the action of structural elements which transmit loads.  During the works, the operator will be allowed to work on an element, if its width is > 35 cm and its height is < 2 m.  If lateral displacements of an element are noticed, it is necessary to write it down and protect it to prevent its collapse by formworks and shorings. In order to ensure safety of the construction process, construction sites are to be demarcated by plastic tape and marked with warning signs to prevent unauthorized enterings. Safety measures envisaged for all types of construction operations have to be observed.

Figure 34: Track removal works at Baladjar

ELECTROMAGNETIC DISTURBANCE

Electromagnetic disturbance from electric locomotives and overhead wires and cables

 Proper maintenance of overhead electrical power lines to minimize/avoid electrical discharges caused by momentary losses of contact with train. INCREASED DEMAND POWER SUPPLY

Workshop installation will increase the demand of power supply

 Upgrade of the existing power facilities.  Construction of power sub‐station.  Proper follow‐up of construction works for power station. LIGHT POLLUTION

Increase of the lighting requirements at the workshop installation Proper design and adequate layout of the lamps and flashlights to avoid unnecessary and unproductive light emission – improvement of energy efficiency.

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ROAD ACCESS AND PEDESTRIAN ACCESS ‐ TRAFFIC SAFETY

Workshop installation needs to be accessible for road and pedestrian access or workers, providers etc.

 Proper and adequate design and layout of the workshop area.  Traffic safety and security measures for track crossings, signalling and sign posting, etc.

CULTURAL RESOURCES SAFEGUARD

Any disturbance to the sites which may represent historical value and to any historical monuments located on or in the vicinity of the Project construction areas

 Initial assessment of the historical significance of a site.  Under national law, the works require a clearance certificate from the Archaeological department, and this department will be kept informed of any potential findings from the construction site, for subsequent action.  Construction works must immediately stop work and inform the local and the national authorities if any historical monument or archaeological findings are discovered. SUSTAINABILITY CONSIDERATIONS

General design and layout considerations.

 Create buffering zones to adjacent residential areas.  Create green areas in non‐productive residual workshop areas  Create sound barriers using green areas and vegetation. Carbon footprint‐Reduction of greenhouse gas emission

 Installation of photovoltaic panels.  Improvement of energy efficiency. WASTE PRODUCTION AND POTENTIALLY HARMFUL EMISSIONS DURING MAINTENANCE & OPERATION

There are several processes during the operation phase of the maintenance procedure of the locomotives and their treatment that might produce hazardous waste. The main residues produced during the operation phase are described above. GASES

 Compressed air: Compressed air will be used in pneumatic tools and for the degreasing and drying processes, will be performed in a specific compressed air unit installed for this purpose. Liquids (water) proceeding from this process will not require any treatment. The oil will be removed from the filter and treated as the rest of the oils. The amount of oil production will not be significant.  Air containing paint particles: The emission of paint particles into the air during the spraying process of certain areas of smaller parts (locomotive bodies, bogies, etc.) and

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other local applications will be treated by natural ventilation, mainly during the night, when no other workers in the workshop. The painting process of larger lateral areas of the locomotive will be carried out using a portable painting cabin adjoined to the locomotive, where the paint can be sprayed directly onto the surface to be treated. These cabins will prevent from emitting paint particles out of the cabin into the air. This process can be done at any time of the day. The air with paint particles will be sucked and filtered, preventing from paint particles being emitted to the atmosphere.  Air proceeding from blasting process (Mixture of air, dust and sand): The security checks of bogies, etc., will need a specific sand blasting process in order to clean up the metal surface of bogies or any other part or subassembly that may affect the security and basic primary safety of the locomotive. These metal surfaces must be checked for fissure or cracks by the magnetic particle method (Magnaflux). The blasting process must be carried out in an auxiliary portable metallic workshop situated in a separated place to be defined during Task III. The disassembled parts to be blasted will be transported to the workshop by an auxiliary vehicle.  Gases produced during the welding processes: In each welding set position an extractor should be installed to evacuate the gases. These extractors will be installed mainly in the bogie shop (manganese wearing steel plates in axle bearing boxes, bogie pedestals, etc.). The gases proceeding from the welding process will be conducted outside of the workshops

LIQUIDS

 Water proceeding from washing processes: The water proceeding from the cleaning of floors and locomotive washing contains detergents and will be collected by a separate sewerage system. The ducts with slight slopes will lead the cleaning water to a partially buried modular treatment plant located outside of the workshop, which consists of three modular tanks where the water will be decanted and filtered. After the first stage of decantation and filtering process, the liquid mixture will be conducted to a biological treatment reactor where the organic pollution will be treated. Afte this stage the water will be chemically treated in a third stage, before the water can be discharged to the sewerage network or reused for watering and irrigation purposes.  Oil and grease mixed with water and detergents. Oil and grease mixed with water and detergents will be treated as described in the previous section.  Oils used in the different parts of a locomotive. The oils proceeding from different parts of the locomotive will be collected in a tank, either for later reuse or to be replaced by new oil from another reservoir. In the case that the oil is no longer used, it will be collected in a tank for further processing, waste recycling or destruction in specific waste centres.  Grease proceeding from the pedestal axle rolling boxes of locomotives. When the box covers are removed the grease will be gathered in an appropriate tank. The treatment of the grease is similar to that of the oil mentioned above.  Trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethane containing mixture of grease and dirt proceeding from the degreasing process. Trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethane will be used to during the degreasing process. There are two types of actions:  Degreasing of small parts such as connecting rods, brake cylinders, etc., will be carried out in a sealed auxiliary chamber. The mixture of air and degreasing liquid will be extracted and grease, dirt and oils dissolved in the degreasing liquid will be treated as waste grease.

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 Degreasing of larger parts such as the bogie frame or the traction motor will be carried out in a closed room next to Bogie workshop, which will be detailed in the next design stage (Task III). The degreasing procedure will be performed by specific lances which eject the degreasing liquid. The mixture of grease, oil and dirt will be collected in a specific tank, which will be situated for this purpose in the centre of the room. Once full the tank will be replaced by another. The residues will be treated similarly to the residues mentioned above.

 Water from staff toilets. Regular treatment through the modular water treatment plant will be applied to water staff toilets.  Solvents and paint residues. Solvents and paint residues should be stored in temporary deposits. The transfer to the recycling place or disposal site will be carried out in sealed plastic tanks and cans. The storage room or area of the warehouse should be perfectly ventilated and provided by extraction installations if there is no natural air renewal. The room must be protected against fire and conveniently marked to prevent from hazard due to its flammability.

SOLID RESIDUES

 Batteries. The unused batteries will be stored in the appropriate place for these wastes until their transfer to a recycling centre.  Scrap of different materials.‐ Scraps will be stored in an appropriated container, separating steel, copper and other metals. Periodically they will be transferred to scrap processing companies.  Garbage. Common non‐contaminant garbage will be regularly transferred to garbage treatment/landfill site.  Sand and paint particles. Sand and paint particles proceed from the blast sanding process of different parts as the bogie frame. The paint particles will be separated by screening and the sand particles can be reused.  Wood from packaging, cardboard, paper and plastics. Wood from packaging, cardboard, paper and plastic must be separated in different specific containers and removed when they will be full. Treatment of each of these residues will be in the usual way.

X‐RAYS OF BULK PARTS  Safety and security checks of larger parts refer to bulk parts such as frame beams of locomotives which cannot be transported to a specific laboratory. The X‐ray checks will be carried out very occasionally and during night time, when no other workers are inside of the workshop installations. The x‐ray staff must be duly protected, following the national regulations (SNIPS and GOST).

RESETTLEMENT

It was identified that as much as 5 families of internally displaced people from Garabagh had settled at the territory of Baladjari depot. Currently they reside in the two‐storey building constructed in a part of depot area . The building is expected to be affected by the new rail tracks. Resettlement of residents will be required during the demolition of old depot’s facilities. People must be resettled at the early stage of project implementation.

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According to informations facilitated by ADY, resettlement of the affected population will be carried out by ADY’s administration prior to the construction works. In the case that these residents are still present on the workshop area during the final design phase, allocation of necessary financial funds might be necessary in the project’s final design in order to guarantee the availability of residential alternatives for these families, including financial compensations.

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

Based on outcomes of the analysis, for impact assessment, only ad hoc assessment methodology was used. Project existence shall contribute to beneficial impacts from environmental and social point of view. During the construction phase the following mechanism for mitigation/elimination of grievances shall be applied. The mechanism shall eliminate the recorded issues and resolve the complaints received by the affected people. The preliminary plan of mechanism is provided below and the Environmental Management Plan shall be used from the beginning of the development to the final mechanism for mitigation or elimination of grievances. MECHANISM PLAN FOR ELIMINATION OF GRIEVANCES

The Mechanism plan for grievances elimination consists in three items:

 Scale of project impacts and risks shall be measured;  Complaints shall be operatively collected and resolved as soon as possible and in favour of those affected by impacts; and  Clear and transparent processes, which take into account gender issues, which are specific to local culture and are accepted by population shall be used. The Contractor shall be responsible for elimination or mitigation of grievances, their fair and effective resolution. ADY shall implement direct control via the Control consultants on these issues. The execution process of mechanism for elimination or mitigation of grievances is provided in the flow chart below.

legal execution Complain is satisfied ADY Notification of departamental of Control ADY or local Recorded ADY on complains shall consultant executive body Grievance settled grievance grievance (if determine the Engineer or shall control the necessary validity of Contractor execution complaint

Ilegal

Ref. No. and Letter clarifying complainant the issue or provided with meeting with restricted time official for execution

Figure 35: Flow chart for grievance mitigation

Chapter 7 reflects the project’s potential adverse impacts, discussed in the appropriate chapters and overview of their elimination measures also demonstrates the implementation of potential measures for impact mitigation, responsible parties for that activities, location and timing for implementation of these activities. The last column of the table demonstrates how the proposed measures shall reduce the adverse impacts (successfully ‐ “0”, impacts may have small negative influence, as a result of measures ‐ “‐“, measures shall be beneficial ‐ “+”).

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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE

Table 28. Potential Environmental impacts and their mitigation measures

Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact

Impacts and activities related to project

Multiple Added Ensure that appropriate issues on environment impacts, arose Design to are incorporated into bid documents and Detailed out of O D consultan ‐ 0 design contracts, including the conditions, depending on design Contractor t / ADY contra the payment. negligence ct

Over Design Not Detailed excavation and O D Effective design upgrades excavation and filling consultan ‐ 0 availa design fill t ble

Findings of Consultation with local residents and specialists Design Not Project Detailed cultural and O D and excavation under supervision of Ministry of consultan 0 availa area design historic areas Culture and Tourism t ble

Water and soil Design Not contamination Provision of emergency plans and their approval Detailed O M consultan ‐ 0 availa as a result of by the Ministry of Emergency Situations design t ble accidents

Includ ed to Water and soil O D Closed waste water circuit. Projec contamination Design t as a result Worksh Detailed consultan 0 break operation and op area design t down maintenance Implementation of water treatment system O D struct activities including oil/grease separator ure (PBS) Includ ed to Increased Upgrade of the existing power facilities/ Design Worksh Detailed Projec demand power O D Construction of power sub‐station. consultan 0 op area design t supply t break Workshop down installation will Includ increase the Design ed to demand of Proper follow‐up of construction works for Worksh Construc consultan 0 Projec power supply power station op area tion t t break Includ Increase of the ed to lighting Proper design and adequate layout of the lamps Projec Design requirements and flashlights to avoid unnecessary and Worksh Detailed t O D consultan 0 at the unproductive light emission – improvement of op area design break t workshop energy efficiency down installation struct ure (PBS)

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Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact Workshop Includ installation ed to needs to be Design Projec Proper and adequate design and layout of the Worksh Detailed accessible for consultan 0 t workshop area. op area design road and t break pedestrian down access or struct workers, ure Impacts and activities related to demolition and construction

Protect employees, workers employed in demolition and construction, and the public in general, it is required to inspect for asbestos all Added buildings or structures. The staff involved in Removal of to demolition of construction works of asbestos asbestos Project Demoliti constr O M containing materials and wastes, including Contractor + containing area on uction packaging or shipping, must be trained and/or materials contra belong to accredited or state‐licensed firms. ct Asbestos containing waste must be treated according to national regulations, employees must be provided with special protection means

Proper chemical analysis of the pre‐existing Added hazardous waste agents in ballasts, soils, and Remediation of to subsoils. pre‐existing Project Demoliti constr O M Follow‐up and monitoring during the demolition Contractor + hazardous area on uction process, removal of the contaminated materials, waste contra treatment of the substances or deposal at ct authorized landfill sites.

Added to Removal of Proper removal process. Prevention of leakage Project Demoliti constr existing O M of oil/grease and other chemical substances Contractor + area on uction machinery (transformer liquid), contra ct Added Recycling of to Delivery of existing machinery to authorized Project Demoliti existing O D Contractor + constr recycling enterprises area on machinery uction contra Impacts and activities related to construction

Added Excavation of During dry weather conditions, daily water to construction Constru spraying shall be ensured Construct constr site may cause O M Contractor ction 0 Employees must be provided by special ion uction the generation site respirators contra of dust ct

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Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact

Existing Added bitumen/oil on Construct to the old rail Constru Old gravel to be used as fill material to restore ion/ constr section may O M Contractor ction + the quarries demolitio uction contaminate site n contra soil and surface ct waters

Includ Constru Construct ed ction ion/ Use burlaps to cover the lorries (heavy vehicles Contractor 0 into site / demolitio Transportation constr yard n of materials uction may cause the O M generation of Construct dust Constru Water spraying on approach roads during dry ion/ contra Contractor ction 0 weather conditions demolitio ct site n

MENR approval is required for location ‐ Constru Contractor ction planning Construction camp shall be located in distance site / Machinery, from populated settlements, considering the yard equipment and wind direction Includ etc., used at Constru ed the ction Construct into construction Only modern vehicles /machinery shall be used Contractor O M site / ion 0 constr camp may be yard uction the cause of Constru contra odours and Regular operation of equipment shall be ction Construct Contractor ct noise ensured site / ion generation yard Control Constru Working hours to be from 9 AM till 6 PM consultant ction Construct No activities shall be implemented during and site / ion weekends Contract yard Adyace Design considerations and project layout: nt Includ Route heavily loaded trucks away from Control roads/ ed residential streets, if possible. consultant Construct O M Constru 0 into Operate earthmoving equipment on the and ion ction constr construction lot as far away from vibration‐ Contractor site / uction sensitive sites as possible. yard Sequence of operations: Phase demolition, earthmoving and ground‐ Includ Machinery and impacting operations should not occur in the Control Constru ed construction same time period. Unlike noise, the total consultant ction Construct O M 0 into methods may vibration level produced could be significantly and site / ion constr cause less when each vibration source operates Contractor yard uction vibrations separately. Avoid nighttime activities. Alternative construction methods: Avoid impact pile driving where possible in Includ vibration‐sensitive areas Control Constru ed Select demolition methods not involving impact, consultant ction Construct O M 0 into where possible. and site / ion constr Avoid vibratory rollers and packers near Contractor yard uction sensitive areas.

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Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact

Control Constru Includ consultant ction Construct Only modern vehicles /machinery shall be used ed Vehicles and and site / ion into machinery may Contract yard A M 0 constr cause extra Constru uction emissions. Regular operation of equipment shall be ction Construct Contractor contra ensured site / ion ct yard Ensure that workers work in the accurately Includ Earth works ed determined working area Control may cause Constru into consultant Construct damage to A M ction 0 constr Provision of vegetation layer to be used for and ion surrounding site uction restoration of stored and temporarily used Contractor lands earth. contra ct Water Includ extraction Water extraction areas and volumes shall be ed impacts local O M approved by local government bodies and Contractor ‐ Planning 0 into supply and utilities providers. constr ecosystem uction contra Includ Shortcomings ed in water supply Constru Provision of appropriate and approved water into and poor water ction O M source during planning of camp/yard. Contractor Planning 0 constr quality may site / Discussion, if necessary uction impact yard contra workers’ health ct

Includ Archeological ed and historical Preparation and application of protocol for Constru into finds may be protection of archeological find (for example if ction Construct 0 D Contractor + constr discovered find is discovered, work shall be stopped, site / ion uction durig earth Academy of Sciences shall implement measures) yard contra disturbance ct

Provision of regular operation of the equipment

Regular washing of vehicles in the site Heavy vehicles loaded with mixtures, shall be Includ ed washed in construction site, not in river Control Constru into Prior to discharge, water to be used for washing Consultant ction Construct 0 constr Soil and water shall be treated in separator and site / ion uction contamination Contractor yard Any other areas where fuel deposits and contra ‐ erosion may chemicals are used, shall be covered with earth ct occur as a O M result of Provision of necessary number of LWs construction Sewage waters prior to discharge to activities Contractor’s construction site and/or camp shall be appropriately treated. Includ ed Constru Planning into Development of Waste management plan and ction and Contractor 0 constr disposal of wastes according to legislation site / construct uction yard ion contra ct

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Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact

Prior notification of community before beginning of works; resolution of the problems

Discussion of activities with population; avoid working during sensitive periods Includ Avoid noise generating activities during night ed Noise and dust Constru Planning time into may disturb the ction and O M Dust reduction by spraying water to soil Contractor 0 constr residents in the site / construct uction vicinity yard ion Use of modern vehicles/machinery. Operation contra according to instructions ct Location of Contractors construction site or camp in a distance from settlements Noise equipment shall be fenced when possible Ensure equipment corresponds to local noise standards Construction Prior notification of community before Constru activities may Construct M M beginning of works; resolution of their Contractor ction 0 disturb local ion problems site population

Flow of Includ workers may ed cause the Constru into Provision of contraceptives, public awareness Construct distribution of A M Contractor ction 0 constr and eventually consultations ion sexually site uction transmitted contra diseases (STD) ct

Development of health and Safety Plan containing the below mentioned measures and to be followed at the construction site::

Workers and Resettlement of IDPs residing in Baladjari Includ population in depot’s area ed Constru Planning the provision of workers with Personal Protective into ction and construction O M Equipment Contractor 0 constr site / construct site are under uction implementation of Health and Safety Instruction yard ion risk because of by all the personnel contra accidents ct Provision of first aid means Adherence to the documented procedures on all the activities of the construction site

Reporting and recording of accidents Construction Includ site needs to ed be accessible Constru Planning into for road and Traffic safety and security measures for track ction and O M Contractor 0 constr pedestrian crossings, signaling and sign posting, etc. site / construct uction access or yard ion contra workers, ct providers etc. Impacts and activities, related to operation and maintenance

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Nomin Potential al Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsib adverse Phase Amou methods ility

impacts Location nt (AZN) Significance Duration Conse‐ quences of impact

Exploration activities cause Gener minor impacts Constru Operatio al to air quality, Adherence to equal measures on reduction of ction n and budge noise, water A M construction impacts, mainly by providing ADY 0 site / maintena t on contamination, modern equipment yard nce operat especially ion because of equipment

Adherence to the documented procedures on all Accomplishme the activities of the Workshop area. Worksh Continou nt of SNIPS 0 D ADY ‐ Accomplishment of all applicable SNIPS and op area sly and GOST GOST procedures

Significance = (A = low significance O = medium significance; ƏӘ = significant; Y= high significance). Duration = Duration of impact (M = temporary; D = permanent) Consequences= Residual impacts after completion of reduction measures: 0= zero impact (impact was successfully reduced); += beneficial impact (reduction provides benefit); ‐ = possible residual impact.

8.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING THE OPERATION PHASE

Table 29. OPERATION PHASE: Potential Environmental impacts and their mitigation measures

Potential Nominal Impact reduction/mitigation measures and Responsibi adverse Phase Amount methods lity

impacts Location (AZN) Duration Significance Conse‐ quences of impact

Impacts and activities, related to operation phase and maintenance

Exploration A M Adherence to equal measures on reduction of ADY Constru Operatio 0 General activities cause construction impacts, mainly by providing ction n and budget minor impacts to modern equipment site / maintena on air quality, noise, yard nce operatio water n contamination, especially because of equipment

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Solvents, gases O M Gas extraction and Ventilation installations, ADY Worksh Operatio 0 General proceeding from painting cabin installation, Provision of workers op area n and budget painting and with Personal Protective Equipment maintena on welding nce operatio processes n

Electromagnetic A M Proper maintenance of overhead electrical ADY Worksh Operatio 0 General disturbance power lines to minimize/avoid electrical op area n and budget discharges caused by momentary losses of maintena on contact with train. nce operatio n

X‐Rray emissions O M Development and implementation of X‐RAY ADY Worksh Continuo General protection plan, including personnel training op area usly budget during on opertion operatio n

Water and soil O M Development, approval and implementation of ADY Worksh Weekly ‐ Not contamination as Emergency response plan, including personnel op area known a result of training accidental leak or general flow of the rail and workshop Control of water treatment plant /oil and grease General installations separator/decantation budget on operatio n Control of oil and grease residues, recollection Worksh Periodica 0 General and storage in separated oil/greas bin, op area lly budget periodically transfer to treatment on operatio n Control of water treatment plant /third stage Teatme Weekly 0 Included chemical treatment nt plant to the general operatio n costs Separation of Trichloroethylene or Treatm Continou 0 Included tetrachloroethane from mixture of grease and ent sly to the dirt proceeding from the degreasing process and planta general treatment according operatio n costs Control of drainage of Oil, grease and detergents Worksh Continou 0 Included mixedwith washing water towards the op sly to the treatment plant areas general operatio n costs Workers in 0 D Development and approval of health and Safety ADY Worksh At the ‐ Included operation site Plan containing the below mentioned measures op area beginnin to the are under risk and to be followed at the construction site g of general because of operatio operatio accidents n n costs

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0 D Provision of workers with Personal Protective ADY Periodica Equipment lly

0 D Implementation of Health and Safety Instruction ADY Continuo by all the personnel usly

0 D Provision of first aid means ADY Continuo usly

0 D Adherence to the documented procedures on all ADY Continuo ‐ the activities of the workshop site usly

Workshop 0 D Traffic safety and security measures for track ADY Worksh At the ‐ installation crossings, signaling and sign posting, etc. op area beginnin needs to be g of accessible for operatio road and n pedestrian access or workers, providers etc.

Waste 0 D Adequate collection and storage of residual oils ADY Worksh Continou ‐ Included Management should be in place. Further collection should be op area sly to the carried out by licensed companies and general disposed/recovered in a licensed facility. operatio n costs 0 D Adequate collection and storage of oil ADY Worksh Continou ‐ contaminated clothes, spare parts, other parts op area sly (e.g. replaced reservoirs) materials, etc. Further collection should be carried out by licensed companies and disposed/recovered in a licensed facility. 0 D Scraped metal, metal debris and other metal ADY Worksh Continou ‐ parts are separately collected and delivered for op area sly recycling and/or landfilling.

0 D Paint chips and sandblast gritare to be collected ADY Worksh Continou ‐ separately as potentially toxic waste and op area sly disposed adequately. This material, not prone to leaking, does not ned to be contained in double bounded containers, however, needs to be covered and protected from atmospheric influences. Further collection should be carried out by licensed companies and disposed/recovered in a licensed facility.

0 D Rubber parts and rubber waste materials are ADY Worksh Continou ‐ separately collected and delivered for recycling. op area sly

0 D Electronic parts and equipment (e.g. static ADY Worksh Continou ‐ converters) is considered toxic waste and need op area sly to be handed over to the authorized electronic waste management company and adequately disposed.

0 D Accumulators and batteries present toxic waste ADY Worksh Continou ‐ and need to be handed over to the authorized op area sly electronic waste management company and adequately disposed.

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0 D PCBs might be contained in older transformers, ADY Worksh Continou ‐ condensers and other parts. (PCB containing op area sly parts must not be refilled or replaced with PCB containing ones wherever the overhaul or maintenance takes place. All found PCB fillings and contaminated parts must be handed over to the authorized waste management company and adequately disposed.

0 D Asbestosis inert, but potentially toxic and need ADY Worksh Continou ‐ to be handed over to the authorized waste op area sly management company and adequately disposed in accordance with the national legislation.

0 D Electronic parts and equipment (e.g. static ADY Worksh Continou ‐ converters) is considered toxic waste and need op area sly to be handed over to the authorized electronic waste management company and adequately disposed. A proof of waste disposal should be kept on site. 0 D Accumulators and batteries must be separately ADY Worksh Continou ‐ collected and stored adequately. These items op area sly should be then handed over to the authorized waste management company (registered for managing such wastes) and adequately disposed. Hazardous waste 0 D If mercury can be found in removed equipment ADY Worksh Continou ‐ Included (e.g. manometers) and it needs to be treated as op area sly to the toxic waste and handed over to the authorized general waste management company and adequately operatio disposed. n costs

0 D Replaced lights are handled in accordance with ADY Worksh Continou ‐ the type. For lights such as fluorescent lights and op area sly compact fluorescent lights, since containing mercury, must behanded over to the authorized waste management company and adequately disposed. Installation of 0 D Air conditioners installed need to be CFC free ADY Worksh Continou ‐ Included new materials op area sly to the and equipment general 0 D Avoid use of toxic dyes ADY Worksh Continou ‐ operatio op area sly n costs

0 D Avoid installing manometers containing mercury ADY Worksh Continou ‐ op area sly

0 D Avoid toxic anticorrosive agents ADY Worksh Continou ‐ op area sly

0 D Avoid lightning containing toxic gasses (e.g. ADY Worksh Continou ‐ mercury) op area sly

Accomplishment 0 D Adherence to the documented procedures on all ADY Worksh Continou ‐ Included of SNIPS and the activities of the Workshop area. op area sly to the GOST Accomplishment of all applicable SNIPS and general GOST procedures operatio n costs

Significance = (A = low significance O = medium significance; ƏӘ = significant; Y= high significance). Duration = Duration of impact (M = temporary; D = permanent) Consequences= Residual impacts after completion of reduction measures: 0= zero impact (impact was successfully reduced); += beneficial impact (reduction provides benefit); ‐ = possible residual impact.

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PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS AND DISCLOSURE PLAN (PCDP)

Dissemination of information on the rights of the affected population, procedure for submission of complaints, appropriate contract details, etc., is an important condition for successful work of the complaints elimination system. From the beginning of construction phase meetings with the affected population are recommended in order to communicate all the relevant information to the public. Brochures, as well as posters, clearly describing the process shall be distributed and posted in public locations, such as schools and municipalities. All the brochures and posters shall be provided in two languages ‐ Azeri and Russian. Executive bodies and stakeholders on regional level shall be informed of the grievance mitigation mechanism. Municipalities, related officials, NGO and the neighbourhood shall be informed on the grievances elimination procedures and participate in resolving the main complaints.

The Public Consultations and Disclosure Plan (PCDP) should provide an outline for consultation at the national and local levels to address issues relating directly to the workshop construction and operation including:

 Identification of project stakeholders and mechanisms for stakeholder feedback and information sharing  An outline for consultation at the local and national levels starting at the project planning stage, and continuing throughout construction, operation and decommissioning of the pipelines  Ensuring that issues raised by project stakeholders are addressed in the EIA reports as well as in project decision‐making and design  Identification of the resources required to implement the plan, and development of procedures to monitor implementation  Grievance mechanisms for local stakeholders

This PCDP should contain the following sections:

Section 1: Brief description of the project and the project participants Section 2: Summary of the regulatory context for public consultation Section 3: Consultation Plan for EIA and pre‐construction phases Section 4: Consultation Plan for construction and operational phases Section 5: Summary Table of consultation and disclosure activities Section 6: Resource Issues related to implementation of the plan Section 7: Grievance Mechanism for local stakeholders

Public consultation activities identified in this PCDP and undertaken to support the development of the Baladjari and Gandja workshop project will conform to:  The standards and practices set forth in Azeri legislation and regulations  Guidelines established by international financing institutions, specifically the World Bank, International Finance Corporation (IFC), and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)  European Commission Directives (though not required by law)  Relevant International Conventions for Public Participation

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COMMUNICATION AND DISCLOSURE PROCESS

Present EIA will be publicly disclosed through a placement of the Report’s electronic version at ADY’s official website and posting of relevant announcements in local and national media. All comments on the EIA during disclosure, whether written or oral, through meetings or Road Show events, will be dealt with according to the procedure below. The comments during meetings will be systematically recorded by the team leading the meeting. These comments will be assessed on whether they fall within the scope of the project. If comments don’t fall within the scope of the project but concern other related issues such as community investment, they will be passed on to relevant teams. Where project relevant comments are raised they will be checked to ascertain whether they have already been dealt with. If not, they will be included in the consultation tracker and responsibility for them will be allocated between ADY, Environmental Project Management and Control Consultant, operator or the construction contractor. Where the responsibility lies within the EIA team comments will be addressed during the revision of the EIA. Where comments are not addressed reasons for this will be recorded within the consultation tracker. For comments that are the responsibility of ADY or the construction contractor, issues will be prioritised for required actions in the immediate, medium term or long term.

Figure 36: Flowchart of communication and disclose process – EIA revision

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN (EMOP)

The Environmental Monitoring Plan (EMoP) is a document, necessary for all involved parties to implement the mitigation measures, to identify the beneficial impact of these measures on environment and whether there is a need for any additional measure. The monitoring plan shall be implemented by the Control consultant. Controller shall inform the Contractor on progress of work and shall identify the needed additional measures. Invited specialists, engineers implementing the observations in the site may assist the Control consultant in the implementation of EMP. Monitoring of impact reduction measures in Table 9, includes mandatory construction site visits. Some of the measures require formal inspection of records and other specific aspects. Environmental Monitoring Plan, describing the various monitoring measures, to be implemented during all the stages of the project is demonstrated in Table 10. Environmental Monitoring Plan shall describe the following items: (i) impact reduction measures, (ii) location, (iii) measurement method, (iv) frequency of monitoring and (v) responsibility (for impact reduction and monitoring). As it was mentioned above, most of the measurements shall be checked by simple observation or inspection of records, it shall not reflect the special parameters to be generally measured. According to the impact reduction measures, the main part of EIA shall constitute Environment Management Plan. Some of the impact reduction measures shall be developed by Contractor in the framework of various working plans. These plans are designed on any special area of the activities, for individual application and distribution to appropriate personnel it is prepared as a separate document. Plans shall contain details, such as working procedures, determined location and limits, duty tasks to be followed. The following are the documents to be prepared by Contractor:

 General environment management plan (EMaP): Detailed description of works to be implemented for mitigation of environmental and social impacts during implementation of daily activities;  Public Consultations and Disclosure Plan (PCDP): Detailed procedure for submission of complaints, appropriate work design and contract details, etc,;  Waste management plan: detailed information on volume and location of the expected wastes to be collected, planned stacking activities, transportation means and protocols as well as location and methods of discharge;  Health and safety plan: Detailed standard information like working procedures, guidelines to be followed, protective equipment, location of hospitals, and means of communications, measures to be implemented to mitigate adverse impacts, planning of pedestrians’ safety, planning of temporary works and etc.;  Construction camp management plan: detailed description of canteen, canteen equipment, dishwasher and washing machines, leisure areas and etc., as well as all the special issues, related to settlement of temporary camp in the construction stage, including auxiliary devices like necessary units providing electricity and water supply.  Water management plan: Detailed information on potable water, water used from recently commissioned water supply system and well‐type sewage system. This plan shall specify all the works for unlimited provision of potable water to workers and guests, contracts with water providers, daily usage for all the other works and reserve measures during unexpected events. Water management plan should include options for use of re‐ treated waters (for example in construction site after implementation of necessary

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measures). These measures iterate one part of construction camp management plan but in that section these issues were covered in details.  Management of cultural heritage: For cultural heritage protection purposes, detailed description of each necessary step of all the safety measures. During construction stage, each object of cultural and historic value when discovered, procedures and mechanisms to be implemented shall be considered in the plan. Prior to implementation of these measures, appropriate agreement shall be obtained from related government bodies.  Management of hazardous materials: Detailed description of areas of hazardous materials deposits and transporting units, protocols as well as disposal areas and methods;  Management of Asbestos. Detailed description of components of asbestos containing materials deposits and transporting units, protocols as well as disposal areas and methods;  Dust management: Detailed description of potential impacts on air quality during project construction activities and provision of control over accepted impacts. The followings are the main sources of dust and dust management plan contains measures and all the necessary plans to be implemented by Contractor to prevent the potential dust emissions:  Destruction activities: description of the impacts destruction of any part of the secondary structures or construction, its deliberate arson, move to other location and removal. Any cutting, crushing, tearing off or demolishment activities related to units of structure. Crushing of concrete for re‐use.  On‐site transportation: planning of how to avoid generation of dust as a result of movement of the construction equipment around construction area in excavated or cleaned areas.  Preparation of site and foundation activities, excavation of footing and foundations and generation of dust during backfilling.  Material stacking ‐ stacking of soil, extracted from excavation activities may cause generation of dust emissions via wind. According to international standards and methods, Contractor shall prepare a list of all the stages of appropriate activities according to local conditions:

 Emergency plan: Detailed description of procedures to be implemented in case of emergency or accident during work.  Ecological activities indicators: detailed description of planned indicators and measurement tools for control and inspection of the implementation of all the above‐ mentioned plans. Contractor shall also be required to submit the other various lists, drawings and plans, containing environment related data10 Preliminary mitigation measures need to be implemented during the demolition, construction and operational phases and will be listed below:

10 Subsidiary plot and camp, cultural heritage find procedures, traffic organization procedures, waste collection and combination deals and etc. Significance = (A = low significance O = medium significance; 0 = significant; Y= high significance). Duration = Duration of impact (M = temporary; D = permanent)

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Table 30. General Mitigation Measures Checklist for Construction and Opertation Phases

PARAMETER ACTION

All legally required permits, licenses and authorizations have been acquired for carrying out operations (e.g. operating permit, waste management permits, health and safety requirements) All work will be carried out in a safe and disciplined manner designed to minimize impacts on neighboring residents Permits, and environment. Notification Workers’ PPE complies with international good practice (wearing hardhats at all times, as needed masks and safety and Worker glasses, harnesses and safety boots) Safety Appropriate signposting of the sites will inform workers of key rules and regulations to follow Working teams are adequately trained and experienced (in basic profession as well as Health &Safety, emergency procedures, etc.) Transportatio Take road safety precautions in transportation of rolling stock to the repair premises and back (obtain necessary n of rolling permits, ensure police escort, limit the speed, etc.) stock All wastes generated during works will be separately collected on site and handed over to the waste collection authorized companies. Make sure recyclables (glass, paper, etc.) are sent to recycling units and not disposed together with municipal waste (checking waste manifests). If waste is temporarily stored at site it has to be adequately protected from weather conditions or kept in closed Waste containers Waste is collected from the site, transported and recycled/recovered/disposed only by authorized companies for waste collection and management Waste management documentation including permits (e.g. copy of contracted waste management company authorization), waste manifests, feedback documentation etc. has to be kept and regularly updated Temporarily storage on site of all hazardous or toxic substances (including anticorrosive agents, dyes, varnishes, solvents, coolants, acids, hydraulic fluids, petroleum based fluids, petroleum contaminated solids such as oil filters and saturated spill absorbent material, alkalis, and other wastes) will be kept in safe containers labeled with details of composition, properties and handling information.These containers should be leak‐proof in order to prevent spillage and leaching. These containers should pocess secondary containment system such as bunds (e.g. bunded‐container), double walls, or similar. Secondary containment system must be free of cracks, able to contain the spill and be Toxic / emptied quickly. hazardous The containers with hazardous substances must be kept closed, except when adding or removing materials/waste. substances They must not be handled, opened, or stored in a manner that may cause them to leak. and waste The containers holding ignitable or reactive wastes must be located at least 15 meters from the working facilities management All hazardous wastes, including liquids, contaminated packaging and solids are transported by specially licensed carriers and disposed in a licensed facility. Paints with toxic ingredients or solvents or lead‐based paints will not be used Sludge from oil separator needs to be adequately handled and disposed in accordance with the national regulation Absorbent materials and debris collected in the shop‐floor (e.g. oily sand, oily wood‐dust) also present toxic wastes thus are transported by specially licensed carriers and disposed in a licensed facility. Water used for washing the rolling stock and all other uses in the premises is taken from the existing water supply sources. No additional water sources are engaged. Operating premises are equipped with waste water collecting system. Water is collected through this system and taken to the waste water treatment. Waste water treatment is minimally equipped with oil and grease separator after which waste water is either released to the municipal water collecting system (that includes further treatment), water Water treatment system on site or water is collected and taken for treatment elsewhere. Waste water collected from the site must not be released to the environment without prior treatment. Prevent, as much as possible, oil and other pollutants leakages to water Apply dry cleaning before washing the floor, working and other surfaces and rolling stock Use air nozzles for washing if applicable. If washing is conducted manually, contact sprays should be used. Avoid uncontrolled use of water. Ensure all transportation vehicles and machinery is regularly maintained and attested Ensure all vehicles and machinery runs on petrol from official sources (authorized gas stations) and on fuel determined by the machinery producer Air There will be no excessive idling of vehicles and machinery on the site Painting and varnishing is carried out in well ventilated closed spaces. Ventilated air has to be filtered before released to the environment. Ventilation system is regularly maintained and filters are regularly changed. Noise in the overhaul premises should not exceed values set in the national legislation Noise Work during the night will be avoided if possible

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During operations the engine covers of generators, air compressors and other powered mechanical equipment should be closed Mechanical equipment to be effectively maintained Route heavily loaded trucks away from residential streets, if possible. Vibrations Operate earthmoving equipment on the construction lot as far away from vibration‐sensitive sites as possible

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING THE CONTRUCTION PHASE

Table 30: Environmental Monitoring Plan ‐ Impact reduction/mitigation measures

Party Party Impact responsible Monitoring responsible Nominal amount reduction/mitigation Location Frequency for impact method for (AZN) measures reduction monitoring

Construction activities

Covering of materials Construction Investigations Included into control with burlap during site/construction Contractor inside/outside of weekly EPMC contract transportation in lorries site construction site

Prevention of illegal Construction site Included into control Construction site Contractor monthly EPMC disposal of wastes investigations contract

Advantageous location Prior to Contractor plan. Mainly included into of construction site and Construction site contractor beginning of ADY/ EPMC Design reports control contract camps activities

Utilization of modern Construction site vehicles and machinery Construction investigations Included into control and proper operation site/construction contractor (site monthly EPMC contract according to site inspections), instructions Contractor notes

Construction site PC Construction investigations; Limitation of working consultant Included into control site/construction resident weekly EPMC hours as 09.00‐ 18.00 and contract site registration; contractor Contractor notes

Construction Covering of long‐term Construction site Included into control site/construction Contractor monthly EPMC reserve areas. investigations contract site

Provide the works PC remain in the Consultant Construction site Included into control Construction site weekly EPMC determined project and investigations contract corridor Contractor Traffic safety and PC security measures for Consultant Contractor plan. Included into control track crossings, Construction site weekly EPMC and Design reports contract signaling and sign Contractor posting, etc. Demolition, earthmoving and PC ground‐impacting Consultant Contractor plan. Included into control Construction site weekly EPMC operations should not and Design reports contract occur in the same time Contractor period.

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Party Party Impact responsible Monitoring responsible Nominal amount reduction/mitigation Location Frequency for impact method for (AZN) measures reduction monitoring

Avoid impact pile PC driving where possible Consultant Contractor plan. Included into control Construction site weekly EPMC in vibration‐sensitive and Design reports contract areas Contractor

Select demolition PC methods not involving Consultant Contractor plan. Included into control Construction site weekly EPMC impact, where possible. and Design reports contract Contractor

Avoid vibratory rollers PC and packers near Consultant Contractor plan. Included into control Construction site weekly EPMC sensitive areas. and Design reports contract Contractor

Sampling (f.e, Construction site Ensure the water is solid particles, EPMC Included into / Construction Contractor Monthly consumable tonn hour, /Laboratory control contract site coliforms, pH)

Washing of vehicles Construction site Included into control outside of construction Construction site Contractor Weekly EPMC investigations contract site (rivers and etc.)

Water to be used for vehicles shall be Construction site Included into control Construction site Contractor Weekly EPMC properly refined investigations contract (treated)

Provision of Prior to the appropriate land limit Construction site beginning of Included into control for equipment and Construction site Contractor EPMC investigations works / contract means in construction Monthly site

Contractor’s Construction site Provision of necessary design reports; Included into control / Construction Contractor Weekly EPMC number of LW’s Construction site contract area investigations

Contractor Prior to Endure development of Construction site notes, beginning Included into control waste management / construction Contractor EPMC construction site the of works contract plan area investigation / Weekly

Implementation of Contractor Prior to security measures Construction site notes, beginning Included into control during removal of / construction Contractor EPMC construction site the of works contract asbestos containing area investigation / Weekly materials

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Party Party Impact responsible Monitoring responsible Nominal amount reduction/mitigation Location Frequency for impact method for (AZN) measures reduction monitoring

Reduction of line close‐ Construction site out frequency and Included into control Construction site Contractor investigations; Monthly EPMC period in connection contract Contractor notes with construction

PM Prior to the Planning of activities LM Consultant Consultant beginning of Included into control with local executive Construction site and Contractor EPMC and works / contract bodies and police notes Contractor Monthly

Prior notification of Prior to the Contractor public on activities; beginning of Included into control Construction site Contractor notes, resident EPMC settlement of their works / contract investigations problems Monthly

Allocation of safety Construction site Included into control paths for vehicles and Construction site Contractor Weekly EPMC investigations contract pedestrians at all times

During low traffic flow, Construction site Included into control preparation of heavy Construction Contractor Weekly EPMC investigations contract vehicle schedule

Preparation and LM application of Contractor Consultant Included into control archeological protocol Construction site notes; Weekly EPMC and contract for protection of observations Contractor incidental finds

Development and implementation of Construction site Health and Safety Plan Included into control Construction site Contractor investigations; Monthly EPMC for Construction site contract Contractor notes (safety of workers/population)

Construction site Keeping of population Included into control Construction site Contractor investigations; Monthly EPMC out of construction site contract Contractor notes

Construction site investigations Ensure that PPE is worn Included into control Construction site Contractor (site Monthly EPMC by the workers contract inspections), Contractor notes

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Party Party Impact responsible Monitoring responsible Nominal amount reduction/mitigation Location Frequency for impact method for (AZN) measures reduction monitoring

Provide Health and Contractor Included into control Safety instruction for all Construction site Contractor notes; talks with Monthly EPM contract the personnel workers

Adherence to Construction site documented investigations Included into control procedures for all the Construction site Contractor (site Monthly EPMC contract activities of inspections), construction site Contractor notes

Construction site investigations Provision of first aid Construction site Included into control Contractor (site Monthly EPMC means / yard contract inspections), Contractor notes

Accident reporting and Included into control Construction site Contractor Contractor notes Monthly EPMC recording contract

At the ADY safety beginning Accomplishing SNIPS protocol and during ncluded into the Workshop site ADY EPMC and GOST regulations (Workshop operation operation costs inspections), and maintenance ti it

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DURING THE OPERATION PHASE

Table 312: OPERATION PHASE: Environmental Monitoring Plan ‐ Impact reduction/mitigation measures

Accident reporting and Construction site Contractor Contractor notes Monthly EPMC Included into control recording contract

Operation and maintenance activities

Development and Workshop site ADY ADY safety At the EPMC Included into implementation of protocol beginning of Operation costs Health and Safety Plan (Workshop operation for Construction site inspections), and (safety of Contractor notes maintenance workers/population) activity

Provide Health and Workshop site ADY and ADY/Contractor Monthly and EPMC Included into Safety instruction for eventual notes; talks with at the Operation costs all the personnel contractors workers beginning of new activities

Adherence to Workshop site ADY and ADY safety Monthly and EPMC Included into control documented eventual protocol at the contract procedures for all the contractors (Workshop beginning of activities of workshop inspections), new area Contractor notes activities

Ensure that PPE is worn Workshop site ADY and ADY safety Monthly and EPMC Included into control by the workers eventual protocol at the contract contractors (Workshop beginning of inspections), new Contractor notes activities ns), Contractor notes

Keeping of population Workshop site ADY ADY safety Monthly EPMC Included into control out of construction site protocol contract (Workshop inspections),

Ventilating workshop Workshop site ADY ADY safety Daily EPMC Insignificant/Included area protocol into the operation (Workshop costs inspections),

Extracting harmful Workshop site ADY ADY safety Daily EPMC Insignificant/Included gases, /painting protocol into the operation cabin/welding (Workshop costs areas inspections),

Wearing protection Workshop site ADY ADY safety Daily EPMC Insignificant/Included equipment /blasting cabin protocol into the operation (Workshop costs inspections),

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Control of modular Workshop site ADY ADY safety weekly EPMC Insignificant/Included water treatment plant /water protocol into the operation treatment plant (Workshop costs inspections),

Control of decantation Workshop site ADY ADY safety weekly EPMC Insignificant/Included module of water /water protocol into the operation treatment plant treatment plant (Workshop costs inspections),

Control of third stage Workshop site ADY ADY safety daily EPMC Low/Included into (chemical) of water /water protocol the operation costs treatment plant treatment plant (Workshop inspections),

Removing oil, grease Workshop site ADY ADY safety daily EPMC Low/Included into waste, control of oil protocol the operation costs grease bins (Workshop inspections),

Removing paint Workshop ADY ADY safety daily EPMC Insignificant/Included residues and solvents site/outside and protocol into the operation inside of Painting (Workshop costs cabin inspections),

Control of x‐ray Workshop ADY ADY safety At the EPMC Low/Included into emisions site/outside and protocol beginning the operation costs inside of Painting (Workshop and during cabin inspections), operation and maintenance Accomplishing SNIPS Workshop site ADY ADY safety At ti it the EPMC ncluded into the and GOST regulations protocol beginning operation costs (Workshop and during inspections), operation and maintenance activity Waste management Workshop site ADY ADY Waste At the EPMC Low/Included into Maagement Paln beginning the operation costs and during operation and maintenance activity

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INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS

The Azerbaijan Government has committed to a process to align national environmental legislation with the principles of internationally recognised legislation, based on EU environmental legislation: Table 32: List of International and Regional Conventions

Convention Purpose Status

Bern Convention Conservation of wild flora and fauna and their natural habitats. In force in Azerbaijan since 2002.

UNESCO Convention Promote conservation of wetlands and waterfowl. In addition, Azerbaijan signed the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of certain wetlands are designated as Wetlands of International in 2001. International Importance and receive additional protection. Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat / RAMSAR Convention

Stockholm Reduction in releases of dioxins, furans, hexachlorobenzene and Azerbaijan acceded in 2004. Convention on PCBs with the aim of minimisation or elimination. Persistent Organic Pollutants

International The legislation giving effect to MARPOL 73/78 in Azerbaijan is the Azerbaijan acceded in 2004. Convention for the Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act Prevention of 1983. Pollution from Ships/ Vessels ( Preventing and minimising pollution of the marine environment MARPOL), 1973 as from ships ‐ both accidental pollution and that from routine amended by the operations. protocol, 1978

UN Convention on Framework for directing international effort to protect the ozone Azerbaijan acceded in 1996. the Protection of layer, including legally binding requirements limiting the the Ozone Layer production and use of ozone depleting substances as defined in (Vienna Convention) the Montreal Protocol to the Convention. Supported by the Montreal Protocol and amendments (see below).

Montreal Protocol Specific requirements for reductions in emissions of gases that Azerbaijan acceded in 1996. on Substances that deplete the ozone layer. Amended four times: London 1990, Deplete the Ozone Copenhagen 1992, Montreal 1997 and Beijing 1999. Layer, 1987

United Nations Seeks to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations in the Azerbaijan acceded in 1992 and not Framework atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous formally required to meet specific Convention on anthropogenic interference with the climate system, within a reduction targets. Climate Change, sufficient time frame to allow ecosystem to adapt naturally, 1992 protect food production and enable sustainable economic development.

Kyoto Protocol, Follow on from the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Azerbaijan acceded in 2000. 1997

UN Convention on Conservation of biological diversity including the sustainable use Azerbaijan became party to the Biological Diversity, of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits. Convention in 2000. 1992

International Seeks to develop further measures to prevent pollution from Azerbaijan acceded in 2004. Convention on Oil ships. Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co‐

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operation, 1990

FAO Plant A treaty to prevent the spread and introduction of pests of plants Entered into force in Azerbaijan in 2000. Protection and plant products and to promote measures for their control. Convention

Convention to To combat desertification and mitigate the effects of drought. Entered force in Azerbaijan in 1998. Combat Desertification

Convention on Controls trade in selected species of plant and animals. Entered into force in Azerbaijan in 1999. International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)

Convention for the Requires each state party to support archaeological research Azerbaijan ratified in 2000. Protection of the financially and promote archaeology, using public or private Archaeological funding. Heritage of Europe

Basel Convention on Seeks to control and reduce transboundary movements of Azerbaijan ratified in 2001. Control of hazardous wastes, minimise the hazardous wastes generated, Transboundary ensure environmentally sound waste management and recovery Movements of practices and assist developing countries in improving waste Hazardous Wastes management systems. and their Disposals

UNESCO Convention Promotes participants' right to formulate and implement their Azerbaijan acceded in 2010. on the Protection cultural policies and to adopt measures to protect and promote and Promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions and to strengthen the Diversity of international cooperation. Cultural Expressions

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LIST OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS OF AZERBAIJAN

Table 334: List of Environmental Laws of Azerbaijan

Subject Title Date General Law of Azerbaijan Republic on the Protection of 08/06/1999 the Environment No. 678‐IQ. (last amendment 30/09/2009) Law of Azerbaijan Republic on Ecological Safety 08/06/1999 No. 677‐IQ. (last amendment 07/12/2007)

Criminal code: environmental offences 30/12/1999

Administrative offence code: administrative offences against environmental protection, 11/07/2000 nature use and environmental security Ecosystems Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Specially 24/03/2000 Protected Natural Territories and Objects No. 840‐IQ. Law of Azerbaijan Republic on Fauna No. 675‐IQ. 04/06/1999 Law on Wildlife 03/03/1999 Law on Vegetation Protection 03/12/1996 Fishing Law 27/03/1998 Forest Code 03/03/1998 Water Water Code of Azerbaijan Republic (approved by 26/12/1997 Law No. 418‐IQ). Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Water Supply 28/10/1999 and Wastewater No. 723‐1Q. Rules of Referral of Specially Protected Water 01/05/2000 Objects to Individual Categories, Cabinet of Ministers Decree No. 77. Rules for Protection of Surface Waters from 04/01/1994 Waste Water Pollution, State Committee of Ecology Decree No. 1. Law on Melioration and Irrigation 05/06/1996 Air Law of Azerbaijan Republic on Air Protection No. 27/03/2001 109‐IIQ. Methodology to Define Facilities' Hazards 04/09/1990 Categories Subject to Hazardous Substance Emissions Levels and Need to Develop Projects' Maximum Permissible Emissions (MPEs). Waste Law of Azerbaijan Republic on Industrial and 30/06/1998 Domestic Waste No. 514‐IQ. Hazardous/toxic waste Regulations for automobile transportation of 27/01/2000 hazardous goods Subsurface Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Royalties 13/02/1998 Resources No. 439‐IQ. Information Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Access to 12/03/2002 Environmental Information No. 270‐IIQ. Community Heath & Safety Law on Sanitary‐Epidemiological Services 10/11/1992 (authorised by Presidential Decree No. 371).

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Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Protection of 26/06/1997 Public Health No. 360‐IQ. Law of the Azerbaijan Republic on Public 30/12/1997 Radiation Safety No. 423‐IQ. Rules of Filing and Consideration of Applications 15/03/2000 for Withdrawal of Plots of Land, Allocation of Plots of Land for State and Public Purposes, Resolution No. 42 on Certain Normative‐Legal Acts related to the Land Code of the Azerbaijan Republic. State Standard for Stationary Equipment State 01/07/1987 Committee of Metrology and Standardisation of USSR as GOST 27409‐87‐ from 1987‐07‐01. Liability Law on Mandatory Insurances. 24/06/2011 Law on Mandatory Environmental Insurance 12/03/2002 Permitting A System of Standards for the Environment 01/07/1990 Protection and Improvement of Natural Resources Utilisation. Industrial Enterprise Ecological Certificate Fundamental Regulations, GOST 17.0.0.04‐90. Rules of licensing of some types of Activities in 02/09/2002 Azerbaijan Republic Cultural heritage Law on the Protection of Historical and Cultural 1998 Monuments. Transportation Law on Transportation 11/07/1999 Law on Traffic 03/07/1998 Fire Safety Law 10/06/1997 Safety Law on Technical Safety 02/11/1999

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ENVIRONMENTAL, SAFETY AND HEALTH REGULATIONS ‐ STANDARIZATION

GOST (Russian: ГОСТ) refers to a set of technical standards maintained by the Euro‐Asian Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification (EASC), a regional standards organization operating under the auspices of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). All sorts of regulated standards are included, with examples ranging from charting rules for design documentation to recipes and nutritional facts of Soviet‐era brand names (which have now become generic, but may only be sold under the label if the technical standard is followed, or renamed if they are reformulated). GOST STANDARD was initially drafted by the Soviet Union in 1925 and then revised after the WW‐2. As the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991 GOST Standard was then maintained and managed by EASC, and adopted by many CIS countries with some provincial rules added. Lately GOST Standard has been approved by ISO as a local standard in Russian Federation and CIS countries and is therefore quite similar to EN/CE normative. Presently the following countries use GOST Standard with some individual additions. Please note GOST‐R is valid only for Russian Federation and will not be or may not be accepted in CIS countries. There are similar but independent regulations in each CIS country. A zerbaijan is about to sign an MRA agreement with Russia so that GOST‐R is accepted as it is by Azerbaijan.

SNIP ‐ ENVIRONMENT

For environmental purpuses the Russian and CIS standards, codes and technical regulations for environment protection must be applied.11

VSN 8‐89 Instruction for nature conservation in road construction, repair and maintenance GOST 17.0.0.01‐76 System of standards in nature protection and improving utilization of nature resources. General principles GOST 17.1.3.02‐77 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. Regulations for protection of waters from contamination due to drilling and operation of oil or gas sea wells GOST 17.1.3.05‐82 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. General requirements for surface and underground water protection against pollution by oil and oil products. GOST 17.1.3.06‐82 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. General requirements for protection of underground waters GOST 17.1.3.10‐83 Nature protection. Hydrosphere. General requirements for surface and underground water control against pollution by oil and oil products while supplying by pipe‐ line GOST 17.4.3.02‐85 Nature protection. Requirement for fertile layer conservation in perfoming earth‐moving GOST 17.4.4.02‐84 Nature protection. Soils. Methods for sampling and preparation of soil for chemical, bacteriological and helmintoglogical analysis GOST 17.5.1.02‐85 Nature protection. Lands. Classification of disturbed lands to be pecultivated GOST 17.5.3.06‐85 Nature protection. Lands. Requirements for determination of the fertile soil layer standard disposal while performing earth‐moving

11 http://gostperevod.com/

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SNIP‐HEALTH AND SAFETY

For health and safety purposes Russian sanitation regulations, hygienic norms, maximum allowable concentrations, etc. must be accomplished. The following list shows an extense but no necessarily complete list of Health and Safety regultions that may eventually be applied during the Demolition, Construction and Operation and Maintenance works:

VSN 12‐87 Crude oil and oil product handling berth facilities. Fire protection. Design practice VSN 294‐72 Instruction on installation of electrical equipment in plant with pipe risk: voltage up to 10kV GOST 12.0.001‐82 Occupational safety standards system. Basic rules GOST 12.0.002‐80 Occupational safety standards system. Terms and definitions GOST 12.0.003‐74 Occupational safety standards system. Dangerous and harmful production effects. GOST 12.1.003‐83 Occupational safety standards system. Noise. General safety requirements GOST 12.1.004‐91 Occupational safety standards system. Fire safety. General requirements GOST 12.1.005‐88 Occupational safety standards system. General sanitary requirements for working zone air GOST 12.1.006‐84 Occupational safety standards system. Electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies. Permissible levels at work‐places and requirements for control GOST 12.1.007‐76 Occupational safety standards system. Noxious substances. Classification and general safety requirements GOST 12.1.008‐76 Occupational safety standards system. Biological safety. General requirements GOST 12.1.014‐84 Occupational safety standards sytem. Air in the zone of operation. Method of measuring unhealthy matters concentration using indicator tubes GOST 12.1.016‐79 Labour safety standards system. Working zone air. Requirements for measurement techniques of hazardous matter concentrations GOST 12.1.023‐80 System of standards for labour safety. Noise. Determination methods of stationary machine noise characteristics values GOST 12.1.029‐80 Occupational safety standards system. Means and methods of noise protection. Classification GOST 12.1.030‐81 Occupational safety standards system. Electric safety. Protective condactive earth, neutralling GOST 12.1.035‐81 Occupational safety standards system. Equipment for arc and resistance electric welding. Admissible noise levels and methods of measurement VRD 39‐1.15‐009‐2000 Instructions on the operating, servicing and repair of gas pipeline fiber optic communication lines (FOCLs) GOST 12.1.038‐82 Occupational safety standards system. Electric safety. Maximum permissible levels of pick‐up voltages and currents GOST 12.1.044‐89 Occupational safety standards system. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indices and methods of their determination GOST 12.1.045‐84 Occupational safety standards system. Electrostatic fields. Tolerance levels and methods of control at working places GOST 12.1.050‐86 Occupational safety standards system. Methods of noise measurement at work‐places

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GOST 12.2.003‐91 Occupational safety standards system. Industrial equipment. General safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.0‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Electrical equipment. Genegal safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.1‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Rotating electric machines. Safety requirements VPPB 01‐02‐95 Rules on fire safety for energy enterprises VNTP 24‐86 All‐Union norm of technical design. Identification of categories of buildings and rooms regarding possible danger of explosion or fire. GOST 12.2.007.6‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Safety requirements. Switching devices for voltages below 1000 v GOST 12.2.007.8‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Devices for electric welding and plasma treatment. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.10‐87 Occupational safety standards system. Installations, generators and induction heaters for electrothermics, ultrasonic installations and generators. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.11‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Semiconductor converters of electric energy. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.12‐88 Occupation safety standards system. Chemical sources of electric energy. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.14‐75 Occupation safety standards system. Cables and cable fittings. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.008‐75 Labour safety standards system. Equipment and apparatus for gas‐flaming processing of metals and for thermal dusting of coatings. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.007.9‐93 Safety in electroheat installations. Part 1. General requirements GOST 12.2.010‐75 Occupational safety standards system. Pneumatic hand machines. General safety requirements GOST 12.2.011‐75 Occupational safety standards system. Road and building machinery. General safety requirements GOST 12.2.016.5‐91 Occupational safety standards system. Compressing equipment. Noise characteristics and antinoise protection. Lay‐out (composition, formulation, contents) of technical documentation TOI R 45‐036‐95 Standard work safety instructions for work with a mega ohmmeter GOST 12.2.022‐80 Occupational safety standards system. Conveyers. General safety requirements TOI R 66‐24‐95 Standard instruction for labor protection of truck drivers GOST 12.2.024‐87 Occupational safety standards system. Noise. Power oil‐immersed trasformers. Norms and control methods TOI R‐218‐43‐95 Model guidelines on occupational safety and health for workers involved in the loading, transportation, offloading, storage and delivery of caustic and toxic substances and materials TOI R‐66‐34‐95 Model instructions on labor protection for operators of self‐ propelled drilling‐hoisting machines GOST 12.2.025‐76 Occupational safety standards system. Medical equipment. Electrical safety. General technical requirements and test methods GOST 12.2.028‐84 Occupational safety standards system. Ventilators for general purposes. Methods for determination of noise characteristics GOST 12.2.029‐88 Occupational safety standarts system. Machine tool devices. Safety requirements

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GOST 12.2.032‐78 Occupational safety standards system. Operator's location in a sitting position. General ergonomic requirements GOST 12.2.033‐78 Occupational safety standards system. Operator's location in a standing position. General ergonomic requirements GOST 12.2.037‐78 Occupational safety standard system. Fire engineering. Safety requirements GOST 12.2.049‐80 Occupational safety standards system. Industrial equipment. General ergonomic requirements GOST 12.2.061‐81 Occupational safety standards system. Industrial equipment. General safety requirements to working places GOST 12.2.062‐81 Occupational safety standards system. Industrial equipment. Safety protectors GOST 12.2.110‐85 Occupational safety standards systems. General‐purpose stationary air piston compressors. Norms and methods for determination of noise characteristics GOST 12.3.003‐86 Occupational safety standards system. Electric welding works. Safety requirements. PPB 01‐03 On Approval Of Fire Safety Standards In The Russian Federation PPB 01‐93 Fire Safety Regulations In The Russian Federation GOST 12.3.005‐75 Occupational safety standards system. Painting works. General safety requirements GOST 12.3.008‐75 Occupational safety standards system. Metal and non‐metal inorganic coating. General safety requirements GOST 12.3.009‐76 Occupational safety standards system. Loading and unioading works. General safety requirements GOST 12.3.028‐82 Occupational safety standards system. Abrasive and elbor instruments. Safety requirements GOST 12.3.046‐91 Occupational safety standards system. Automatic fire fighting systems. General technical requirements GOST 12.4.002‐97 Occupational safety standards system. Vibration protection means for hands. Technical requirements and test methods GOST 12.4.004‐74 Filter‐gas‐respirators RPG‐67. Specifications GOST 12.4.009‐83 Occupational safety standards system. Fire‐fighting equipment for protection of units. Basic types. Location and maintenance GOST 12.4.010‐75 Occupational safety standards system. Personal safety means. Special mittens. Specifications GOST 12.4.011‐89 Occupational safety standards system. Means of protection. General requirements and classification GOST 12.4.032‐77 Safety leather shoes for protection against high temperatures. Specifications GOST 12.4.033‐77 Safety leather shoes for protection against slipping on fatty surfases. Specifications GOST 12.4.040‐78 Occupational safety standards system. Control elements of manufacturing equipment. Notation GOST 12.4.041‐2001 Occupational safety standards system. Fil tering respiratory protective equipment. General requirements GOST 12.4.044‐87 Occupational safety standards system . Women's suits for protection against high temperatures. Specifications GOST 12.4.045‐87 Occupational safety standards system. Men's suits for protection against high temperatures. Specifications GOST 12.4.064‐84 Safety labour standards system. Insulating suits. General technical requirements

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GOST 12.4.072‐79 Occupational safety standards system. Boots, rubber moulded resistant to water, mineral oils and mechanical attacks for special purposes. Specifications GOST 12.4.100‐80 Man's overalls for protection against non‐toxic dust, mechanical effects and general industrial contaminations. Specifications GOST 12.4.101‐93 Occupational safety standards system. Industrial overalls for limited protection from toxical substances. General technical demand and methods for determination GOST 12.4.121‐83 Occupational safety standards system. Filtering protective masks. Specifications GOST 12.4.124‐83 Occupational safety standards system. Means of static electricity protection. General technical requirements GOST 12.4.132‐83 Men's smock‐froks. Specifications GOST 12.4.134‐83 Men's cloaks for protection from water. Specifications GOST 12.4.137‐84 Safety leather shoes for protection from petroleum, oil acid, alkaline, non‐ toxic and explosive dust. Specifications GOST 12.4.142‐84 System of standards in industrial safety. Fabrics for protective clothing. Classification of dust permeability norms GOST 12.4.155‐85 Occupational safety standards system. Earth leakage circuit breakers. Classification. General technical requirements GOST 12.4.172‐87 Occupational safety standards system. Individual screen set for protection from power frequency fields. General technical requirements and methods of control GOST 12.4.173‐87 Occupational safety standards system. Personal protective means against alkalies. Norms of alkali permeability GOST 12.4.176‐89 Occupational safety standards system. Special clothes for protection from thermal effects. Requirements to protective properties and method for determining human thermal condition GOST 12.4.183‐91 System of safety standards. Materials for means of hands protection. Specifications GOST 15.004‐88 System of products development and launching it into manufacture. Personal safety means GOST 5583‐78 Technical and medical oxygen gas. Specifications GOST 8220‐85 Underground file hydrants. Specifications GOST 12265‐78 Moulded rubber boots protecting from petroleum, petroleum products and fats. Specifications

SNIP – CONSTRUCTION OF RAILROAD FACILITIES

ВСН 94‐77 Guidelines on construction of the railroad superstructures ВСН 178‐91 Technical guidelines on design and implementation blast hole drilling operations during construction of roadbeds ВСН 181‐74 Technical guidelines on the use of prefabricated lattice constructions used to enforce roadbed cones and subgrade embankments ВСН 182‐91 Norms of investigation, design and development of quaries used for construction of railroads and highways ВСН 186‐75 Technical guidelines on roadbed construction technology

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ВСН 205‐87 Designing norms of rail roadbeds made clayey grounds with the use of geotextiles ВСН 3‐69 Technical guidelines on static tests of reinforced concrete support of the catenary under factory conditions

ВСН 12‐92 Instructions on the construction and installation works performance and acceptance upon the railways electrification procedures (power supply unit) ВСН 116‐65 Technical guidelines on the construction and installation works performance technology upon the railway electrification procedures (power supply unit) ВСН 129‐92 Guidelines on the automation and telemechanics works performance remote in railway transport (SSB) ВСН 141‐90 Catenary structure designing standards ВСН 32‐81 Instructions on waterproofing of bridges and pipes on the railways, roads and urban roads ВСН 81‐80 Instructions on manufacturing, construction and filling of prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete culverts ВСН 85‐68 Technical guidelines on the design and construction of auto‐road and city bridge superstructures with reinforced concrete slab of the carriageway without lining hydraulic seals ВСН 86‐83 Instructions on polymeric bridge supports designing and installation ВСН 94‐77 Instructions on the top railway track structure construction ВСН 98‐74 Technical guidelines on designing, fabrication and installation of composite length structures of the concrete bridges ВСН 144‐76 Instructions on designing compounds with high‐strength bolts in steel bridge structures ВСН 163‐69 Instructions on technology of connections on high‐strength bolts in steel bridge structures ВСН 165‐85 Installation of the pile bridge foundations (made from bored piles) ВСН 167‐70 Technical guidelines on designing the retaining walls for the transport construction procedures ВСН 169‐80 Instructions on technology of mechanized and manual welding in upon factory manufacture of steel bridge structures ВСН 173‐70 Technical instructions on technology of surface mounting of metal spans ВСН 176‐78 Instructions on designing metal and corrugated culverts (with amendments No. 1, 2) ВСН 188‐78 Instructions on machining the welded joints in steel bridge structures ВСН 191‐79 Instructions on machining oxygen cutting of the carbon and low alloy steel roll stock in the procurement of bridge structure parts СНиП IV‐14‐84 Collection 10‐1. Industrialinstitutions' railway station building construction Приложения Collection 10‐2. Electric diesel wagon depots for railway locomotives of industrial facilities

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Collection 10‐3. Equipping facilities for railway locomotives of industrial facilities Collection 10‐4. Internal railway tracks of industrial facilities Collection 10‐6. The railway station buildings of industrial facilities. Warehouses

В1 Railway electrofication

ВСН 121‐91 Automation, telemechanics and communication arrangement on the railways and subways

ЦУКС The constructed railways and subways acceptance guidelines. Regulations on the procedure for coordination with the Ministry of Railways for the design and

construction of industrial railway transport facilities ВСН 208‐89 Guidelines on engineering and geological surveys of railways an Нормы по инженерно‐ d auto roads геологическим изыска‐ниям железных и автомобильных дорог

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BIBLIOGRAPHY (EIA)

ADY, 2010: Rail Trade And Transport Facilitation Project ‐ Loan No: 7509‐AZ, Environmental Management Plan Alakbarov, A. B.: Groundwater of Azerbaijan Asian Development Bank (ADB): Country Partnership Strategy Azerbaijan 2014–2018, September 2014 Asian Development Bank (ADB): Country Environmental Analysis Azerbaijan, November 2005 Asian Development Bank (ADB): Reconstruction of the electrified Baku‐ Boyuk Kasik railway section, The report of Environmental Impact Assessment E1651 v2 Asian Development Bank (ADB): Safeguards in Central and West Asia, Environmental Safeguards Training Consultant and Third Party Auditor ‐ Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, Azerbaijan Country Report, Project Number: 43333‐012 , June 2014 Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (AMEA; 2004). Azerbaijan Republic country report on biodiversity investigation:First national report in CBD Baku, 2004. Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (AMEA; 2004).: Azerbaijans wildlife. i, ii, ill volumes. Baku, 2004. Babayev, Gulam R: Scenario‐based earthquake hazard and risk assessment. U, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 2697–2712, 2010/ Babazade O.B. N.O. Babazade, L. Griesser and B. Romanov: Dynamic Prediction and Earthquake Monitoring – One of Possible Approaches to Decrease The Risk for Oil and Gas Pipeline., The 14th. World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12‐17, 2008, Beijing, China BTC PIPELINE (2002) Public Consultation and Disclosure Plan – BTC And SCP Pipeline Projects, ESIA‐ Azerbaijan ‐Draft For Disclosure Leyli Bektashi and Aleg Cherp (2002): Evolution and current state of environmental assessment in Azerbaijan; Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, volume 20, number 4, December 2002, pages 253–263, Beech Tree Publishing, 10 Watford Close, Guildford, Surrey GU1 2EP, UK Caucasus Environmental NGO Network: ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) SYSTEM IN AZERBAIJAN (2004) COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affair (2016) Best Management Practices for Controlling Exposure to Soil during the Development of Rail Trails. http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/massdep/cleanup/ EU Water Initiative: NATIONAL WATER STRATEGY OF AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC, Rafig Verdiyev, Water expert, Azerbaijan , Geneva 2 July 2012 KHALILOVA H. Kh. (2015) The Impact of Oil Contamination on Soil Ecosystem International Ecoenergy Academy, Baku, the Republic of Azerbaijan. Biological and Chemical Research, Volume 2015, 133‐ 139 | Science Signpost Publishing Lauri Ojala: Transport Sector Review of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, Final Report, June 28, 2002 Nippon Koei UK (2010): Road Network Development Program. Project ill. Ganja‐Gazakh highway further expansion on two lanes. Update on Feasibility Study (october, 2010). REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN (2012): Agricultural Development and Credit Project‐III; Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Guidelines for Project Activities State Committee for City Building and Architecture (Azerbaijan): Examples of field studies and graphics. State Committee on Urban Planning and Architecture (Azerbaijan): Greater Baku Regional development Plan UNECE: 2nd Environmental Performance Review of Azerbaijan (2011) UNECE: Review Of The National Legislation and Institutional Structures for the Implementation of the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessemnt (SEA) In The Azerbaijan Republic. Draft 1 for consultations with national stakeholders on 28 August 2014 UNEP/GRID Arendal: Publications, maps & graphics http://www.grida.no UNEP (2001); EIA Training Resource Manual Second edition 2002

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UNITED NATIONS ‐ ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE : Country Profiles on the Housing Sector ‐ New York and Geneva, 2010 UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR UROPE : 2 nd Environmental Performance Review Azerbaijan, New York and Geneva, 2011.

World Bank (1999); the world bank operational manual OP 4.01 Operational Policies. Environmental Assessment, January 1999 World Bank. Azerbaijan Railway Project. http://go.worldbank.org/DQ5P9T5FT0

Cartography: ALIZADEH, A.A.: Geological map of Azerbaijan Republic (2008) Aliev G.A., Hajiyev T.G and I.I. KRASNOV: Map of Quaternary Deposits (1973) Economical Map of Azerbaijan (1959) Heydar Alijev Foundation: http://azerbaijan.az/portal/about_e.html SRTM: NASA's Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model

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