Palmers Road Corridor Environment Effects Statement

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Palmers Road Corridor Environment Effects Statement JULY 2015 Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) Environment Effects Statement Summary Brochure keeping victorians connected Figure 1 Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) 1 Summary Brochure Purpose of EES report Project approvals On 13 November 2009, the Victorian Minister for Planning The Project requires approval under the Commonwealth determined under the Environment Effects Act 1978 Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation that an Environment Effects Statement (EES) needed to Act 1999, amendments to the Brimbank Planning be prepared by VicRoads for the Palmers Road Corridor Scheme (Amendment 157) and Melton Planning Scheme Project - Western Freeway to Calder Freeway (‘the (Amendment C143) under the Planning and Environment Project’). The purpose of the EES is to provide a detailed Act 1987 and an approved Cultural Heritage Management description of the Project and to investigate its potential Plan (CHMP) under the Aboriginal Heritage Act 2006. effects on the environment, to inform the public and Approvals under other legislation for components of the stakeholders and then to enable an assessment of the project are also required and outlined in the EES report. Project by the Minister for Planning. The draft planning scheme amendments (PSAs) and The upgrade of the Palmers Road Corridor has been draft CHMP are being exhibited concurrently with the identified as a long term Project to be implemented in EES and public comments are sought on the PSAs as stages. The focus of this EES is on the assessment of well as the EES during the exhibition period. The PSAs environmental effects of the Palmers Road Corridor include application of a Public Acquisition Overlay to between the Western Freeway and the Calder Freeway. land that needs to be compulsorily acquired for the Project, and provide an exemption from all planning Robinsons Road, Westwood Drive and Calder Park Drive permit requirements for the Project (subject to the Project are local roads currently under the management of meeting any other recommendations of the Minister’s the Cities of Brimbank and Melton. The existing roads assessment of the project’s environmental effects). are two-lane undivided roads with no connection at Kororoit Creek. Consequently, there is a need to connect A CHMP has been developed for the Project, and will Westwood Drive and upgrade the roads in the future to a be submitted to the Registered Aboriginal Party and the six lane arterial to provide the additional capacity for these Office of Aboriginal Affairs for evaluation and approval roads to function as arterial roads. following the EES process. The Project requires approval under the EPBC Act Project rationale due to the potential to impact on matters of national The aim of the Project is to provide a high standard environmental significance. The Federal Minister for the north-south transport link in Melbourne’s west. The Environment will make a decision under the EPBC Act on western suburbs of Melbourne are experiencing significant the Project and this assessment will be based on separate growth in residential development and employment. This documentation to the EES expansion places pressure on the existing road networks and must be supported by suitable transport infrastructure. Project options The Project would provide a high level of accessibility In deciding that an EES was required for the Project in in these areas, and will assist in the reduction of traffic 2009, the Minister for Planning required that alternative through local streets and residential areas. routes be considered in a preliminary report. The following alternatives have been considered as part of this EES: The Project would provide a link between the Western Freeway, Western Highway, Melton Highway and Calder Gourlay Road Corridor to the west • Freeway. The Palmers Road Corridor is to be progressively Kings Road Corridor to the east upgraded to an ultimate six-lane divided carriageway • Palmers Road Corridor arterial road to deliver significant road safety, capacity • and efficiency benefits in response to the projected traffic Corridors further east or west of the three corridors were volumes in a rapidly growing area in Melbourne’s west. not considered as any primary arterial developed further afield would not serve this area effectively and would The Project is supported by Plan Melbourne (Victorian result in additional congestion on the three corridors. Government, 2014), Western Melbourne Transport Strategy (Lead West, Western Transport Alliance, AECOM, The Kings Road and Gourlay Road Corridors are not 2012), Growth Corridor Plans Managing Melbourne’s suitable alternatives. This is due to constraints such as Growth (Victorian Government, 2012), Growth Area the limited width of the existing road reserve, the number Framework Plans: Melton – Caroline Springs (Victorian of friction points at intersections with local streets, the Government, 2006), Melton East Strategy Plan (Shire of location of activity centres, existing levels of local traffic Melton, 1997) and the Outer Western Suburbs Transport and designation as part of the Principal Public Transport Study (Victorian Government, 2001). Network (PPTN). 2 The Palmers Road Corridor is a core element of the A Technical Reference Group (TRG) was established with Growth Corridor Plan for Melbourne’s west. The land use Government stakeholders and other key agencies with pattern has been designed so the Palmers Road Corridor meetings held in 2013 and 2014. The purpose of the TRG can accommodate a six lane primary north-south arterial, was to obtain specialist technical input on any issues, to with almost no direct property access. review and provide advice on the consultant’s reports, provide updates in relation to policy changes and identify Transport modelling shows a road connection across approval/permit requirements. Kororoit Creek is critical to the arterial road network. Modelling also shows that at two and four lanes the Two community information days were held in June 2013 Palmers Road Corridor will not meet the demand in the to provide an opportunity for the community, including future and the six lane option provides a level of service those directly affected along the corridor, to ask questions, with significantly less congestion, especially in the peak provide input to the EES and PSA processes and provide periods. With six lanes the Palmers Road Corridor will feedback on the route. become the major north south route located between the The community has generally been supportive of the adjacent Outer Metropolitan Ring Road and the Western Project. Key issues raised by the community included Ring Road. impacts on amenity as a result of noise, construction dust and increased traffic, impacts on access and pedestrian Project description safety and concerns regarding the impact on the value of homes in the area. Key design changes have occurred as a The Project Area, for the purposes of the EES is shown result of community and stakeholder consultation. on figure 1. The Project involves reserving a 16 kilometre long and 40-60 metres wide corridor for the future development of a continuous north south arterial road from the Western Freeway to the Calder Freeway. This Table 1 - Summary of rating scale corresponds with and connects the corridors of existing local roads: Robinsons Road, Westwood Drive and Calder Rating Description Park Drive. Very Well Negligible adverse effects The Project will ultimately involve construction of a six- Applicable standards met lane divided road (i.e. three-lanes in each direction), with Strong policy compliance off-road shared bicycle and pedestrian facilities on both Best practice (incl. mitigation measures) sides of the road. Two existing railway crossings would be removed, one at the Melbourne-Bendigo rail line crossing Well Minor adverse effects with Calder Park Drive and another at the Melbourne- Minor exceedances at small number of Ballarat rail line with Robinsons Road. Two bridges would locations be constructed over Kororoit Creek and it is also proposed Good policy compliance to construct a raised interchange where the route Improved practice (incl. mitigation connects with the Calder Freeway in the north. measures) The upgrade of the Palmers Road Corridor has been Neutral Moderate adverse effects identified as a long term Project to be implemented in Minor exceedances at a large number of stages, with the initial Kororoit Creek bridge and Calder locations Freeway interchange planned to occur in the short term. Partial policy compliance As the ultimate development is not proposed until 2046, Standard practice (incl. mitigation minor changes to the alignment may occur during the measures) detailed design stage. However, the level of detail in the existing design is considered sufficient for an assessment Poor Moderate-major adverse effects of potential project impacts. Major exceedances at a small number of locations Consultation Policy non-compliance Consultation with the community has been an integral Poor practice (incl. mitigation measures) part of the planning investigations. VicRoads has Very Poor Major adverse effects undertaken consultation with relevant stakeholders, Major exceedances at a large number of potentially affected parties, the community and locations organisations in order to identify and respond to their Major policy non-compliance concerns. Very poor practice (incl. mitigation In 2013, a Consultation Plan was prepared for the EES and measures)
Recommended publications
  • What We Heard
    What we heard Summary Report March 2021 Sunbury Craigieburn Mernda Building Melbourne Airport Rail Epping Hume Freeway Sunbury/Bendigo Melbourne Upfield Airport A new premium station Tullamarine Freeway at Melbourne Airport The new train station at Melbourne Campbellfield Camp Rd Ring Road Airport will provideMelton Highway easy access between the train and all airport terminals. Calder Freeway Bundoora Eltham Glenroy Rd High St Glenroy Sydenham Reservoir Western Ring Road Essendon New bridge over the Maribyrnong River Airport At 383m in length and 55m high, the Plenty Rd Maribyrnong River Bridge is the second highest bridge in Victoria after the West Gate Bridge. Preston Western Freeway Murray Rd Rockbank Caroline Coburg Planning is underway for a second rail bridge Lower Plenty Rd Springs Bell St over the Maribyrnong River, to stand alongside Main Rd Rosanna the existing bridge. CityLink Essendon St Albans Moreland Rd Buckley St Furlong Rd Ballarat St Georges Rd Brunswick Sunshine Station Brunswick Rd Albion Deer Park Sunshine Station will become a key Alphington Doncaster interchange for Melbourne Airport Rail Sunshine Melbourne services, connecting to growth areas in Grange Rd Balwyn Springvale Rd Melbourne’s north and west, and regional Arden Parkville Eastern Freeway Victoria. City State Library Kew Whitehorse Rd Box Hill Geelong CBD Town Hall West Gate Freeway Richmond Canterbury Rd Blackburn CityLink Heatherdale Rd Heatherdale Direct access from Port Melbourne Melbourne’s south-east Anzac Toorak Rd The Cranbourne / Pakenham lines
    [Show full text]
  • Height Clearance Under Structures for Permit Vehicles
    SEPTEMBER 2007 Height Clearance Under Structures for Permit Vehicles INFORMATION BULLETIN Height Clearance A vehicle must not travel or attempt to travel: Under Structures for (a) beneath a bridge or overhead Permit Vehicles structure that carries a sign with the words “LOW CLEARANCE” or This information bulletin shows the “CLEARANCE” if the height of the clearance between the road surface and vehicle, including its load, is equal to overhead structures and is intended to or greater than the height shown on assist truck operators and drivers to plan the sign; or their routes. (b) beneath any other overhead It lists the roads with overhead structures structures, cables, wires or trees in alphabetical order for ready reference. unless there is at least 200 millimetres Map references are from Melway Greater clearance to the highest point of the Melbourne Street Directory Edition 34 (2007) vehicle. and Edition 6 of the RACV VicRoads Country Every effort has been made to ensure that Street Directory of Victoria. the information in this bulletin is correct at This bulletin lists the locations and height the time of publication. The height clearance clearance of structures over local roads figures listed in this bulletin, measured in and arterial roads (freeways, highways, and metres, are a result of field measurements or main roads) in metropolitan Melbourne sign posted clearances. Re-sealing of road and arterial roads outside Melbourne. While pavements or other works may reduce the some structures over local roads in rural available clearance under some structures. areas are listed, the relevant municipality Some works including structures over local should be consulted for details of overhead roads are not under the control of VicRoads structures.
    [Show full text]
  • Brimbank City Local Facilities the Lake Reserve
    Brimbank City The City of Brimbank is a local government area located within the metropolitan area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It comprises the western suburbs between 10 and 20 km west and northwest from the Melbourne city centre. Local Facilities The Lake Reserve Chichester Drive, Taylors Lakes Bus 476 The main playground structure at the Lakes Reserve District Park is in the shape of a fish and offers great play opportunities for all children. This park is one of five flagship parks of Council’s much improved park network, and is a key milestone in the implementation of Creating Better Parks. Delahay Recreation Reserve 36A Goldsmith Avenue Bus 422 & 425 In April 2013 Council completed the upgrade of the Delahey Recreation Reserve Suburban Park playground. This upgrade, which is part of implementing our Creating Better Parks Policy and Plan, has provided the community with an attractively landscaped play space offering a range of play opportunities for children. St Albans Leisure Center 90 Taylors Road Sydenham Library 1 Station Street, Taylors Lakes Sydenham Library is located is on the ground floor of the Sydenham Community Hub in Watergardens. It has a self-contained Council Customer Service point and spacious study areas. There is an additional computer and study area available to library members on the first floor of the Sydenham Community Hub. Dear Park Library 4 Neale Road, Deer Park Deer Park Library is located next to the Brimbank Central Shopping Centre. It offers quiet individual study rooms, collections in community languages, a toy library, and an outside children’s play area.
    [Show full text]
  • Level Crossing Removal Update
    MELTON HIGHWAY, SYDENHAM LEVEL CROSSING REMOVAL UPDATE DECEMBER 2015 What’s happening? Removing 50 dangerous Construction has already begun at Melton Highway level crossing in and congested level several sites, including Main Road Sydenham has been fast tracked for and Furlong Road in St Albans, removal by the Victorian Government. crossings will transform and planning and consultation is Removing this level crossing will the way people live, underway for the removal of the improve travel to and from this major work and travel across remaining level crossings. transport hub and support local development in one of the fastest metropolitan Melbourne growing areas of Australia. and improve safety for drivers and pedestrians. Why remove the boom gates? The Melton Highway boom gates • improved safety – crossing the are down for around 24 minutes railway tracks will be much safer during the two-hour morning peak, for pedestrians, cyclists and drivers causing congestion and frustration • more reliable roads and rail CONTACT US in Melbourne’s west. No more – traffic congestion will be boom gates will mean no more levelcrossings.vic.gov.au reduced and more trains will be waiting for the 30,000 vehicles, [email protected] able to run more often including 200 buses, that use this 1800 762 667 level crossing each weekday! • better connected communities Level Crossing Removal Authority – opportunities to create new GPO Box 4509 The Level Crossing Removal public spaces, and establish Melbourne VIC 3001 Project will remove dangerous and new connections congested level crossings that divide • enhancing and creating vibrant Follow us on social media communities.
    [Show full text]
  • MCT) and Light Rail Plan
    DRAFT 59 Rail Futures Inc THE MELBOURNE RAIL PLAN Moving People in a City of 8 Million 25 May 2019 This paper has been prepared by Rail Futures Incorporated in the public interest. Rail Futures Inc is an independent non-partisan group formed to advocate cost effective rail and intermodal solutions for public transport and freight problems based on sound commercial, economic and social reasoning. Rail Futures members include experienced rail professionals, engineers, planners and economists. Melbourne Rail Plan 2019-2050, May 2019 Version 59 - DRAFT FOR COMMENT Rail Futures Institute 1 Foreword Melbourne once had one of the world’s best public transport systems. The forethought and planning of Victorians more than a century ago, and their capacity to value the welfare of Victorians of the future -us - as highly as their own, helped make Melbourne one of the world’s economically most productive and liveable cities. For the past few generations, myopia, carelessness and excessive valuation of the present over the future have been squandering that wonderful legacy. The economic and social life of this city will be deeply impaired by barriers to movement of people around the city unless chronic underinvestment over recent generations is remedied. The Melbourne Rail Plan 2019-50 demonstrates the way to correct the mistakes of recent generations, and that some contemporary Victorians are up to the challenge. The Report is comprehensive, creative and authoritative. It is an excellent foundation for rebuilding Melbourne to secure its position as one of the world’s most successful cities. Melbourne is growing more rapidly than any other large city in the developed world.
    [Show full text]
  • Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) EES and Psas
    VicRoads 28-Aug-2014 Doc No. Version 6 Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) EES and PSAs Land Use Planning Report AECOM Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) EES and PSAs – Land Use Palmers Road Corridor (Western Freeway to Calder Freeway) EES and PSAs Land Use Planning Report Client: VicRoads Prepared by AECOM Australia Pty Ltd Level 9, 8 Exhibition Street, Melbourne VIC 3000, Australia T +61 3 9653 1234 F +61 3 9654 7117 www.aecom.com ABN 20 093 846 925 28-Aug-2014 Job No.: 60267382 AECOM in Australia and New Zealand is certified to the latest version of ISO9001, ISO14001, AS/NZS4801 and OHSAS18001. © AECOM Australia Pty Ltd (AECOM). All rights reserved. AECOM has prepared this document for the sole use of the Client and for a specific purpose, each as expressly stated in the document. No other party should rely on this document without the prior written consent of AECOM. AECOM undertakes no duty, nor accepts any responsibility, to any third party who may rely upon or use this document. This document has been prepared based on the Client’s description of its requirements and AECOM’s experience, having regard to assumptions that AECOM can reasonably be expected to make in accordance with sound professional principles. AECOM may also have relied upon information provided by the Client and other third parties to prepare this document, some of which may not have been verified. Subject to the above conditions, this document may be transmitted, reproduced or disseminated only in its entirety. 28-Aug-2014
    [Show full text]
  • Vicroads Purpose, Aims and Organisational Values
    VICROADS PURPOSE, AIMS AND ORGANISATIONAL VALUES PURPOSE To serve the community by managing the Victorian road network and its use as an integral part of the overall transport system. VicRoads, in partnership with other State and Federal Government agencies, local government and the private sector, contributes to the social and economic development of Victoria and Australia through its role in management of the transport system. AIMS > To assist economic and regional development by improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the transport system. > To assist the efficient movement of people and freight, and improve access to services for all transport system users. > To achieve a substantial reduction in the number and severity of road crashes and the resultant cost of road trauma. > To be sensitive to the environment through responsible management of the transport network. > To provide efficient and effective, nationally consistent, customer-oriented driver licensing, vehicle registration, revenue collection, and driver and vehicle information services. ORGANISATIONAL VALUES > We put our customers’ and stakeholders’ needs first. > We develop as individuals and contribute as members of a team. > We are open, honest and fair. > We take pride in our success and continuous improvement. > We take responsibility for our actions. > We take a commercial approach to our service delivery. 3 LETTER TO THE MINISTER THE HONORABLE PETER BATCHELOR MP MINISTER FOR TRANSPORT LEVEL 26, NAURU HOUSE 80 COLLINS STREET MELBOURNE VICTORIA 3000 Dear Minister VicRoads 2001–02 Annual Report I have much pleasure in submitting to you, for presentation to Parliament, the Annual Report of the Roads Corporation (VicRoads) for the period 1 July 2001 to 30 June 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Property Portfolio 2009 31 DECEMBER 2009 Property Portfolio 2009
    2009 Property Portfolio 2009 31 DECEMBER 2009 Property Portfolio 2009 about stockland We have a long and proud history of creating places that Ervin Graf, 1952 meet the needs of our customers and communities OUR ProperTY PorTFOLIO OUR STorY This portfolio identifies all of our Ervin Graf founded Stockland in 1952 with a vision We recognise our responsibilities to the environment and are properties and projects across to “not merely achieve growth and profits but to striving to become a leader in sustainable business practices. Australia and the United Kingdom. make a worthwhile contribution to the development Our positive and adaptable team shares Graf’s vision of making a worthwhile contribution to our community. Stockland is one of Australia’s of our cities and great country”. leading diversified property groups. We work hard, we expect a lot of one another, and we seek Pursuing that vision has seen Stockland grow to become We’re active in retail, office and true work-life balance. For over half a century, we’ve worked one of Australia’s leading diversified property groups – industrial property, as well as hard to grow our diverse portfolio of assets and projects while developing and managing a large portfolio of residential residential communities, maintaining a conservative balance sheet. It’s proven to be a community, apartment, retirement living, retail, office and apartments and retirement living. sound approach and we’re now Australia’s largest diversified industrial assets. property group and a top 50 ASX listed company. More information on Stockland’s activities is available at With the benefit of our diverse property skills, we connect www.stockland.com together property styles in shared locations, to create communities of uncommon diversity and connectedness; places that inspire people to gather, to share and to live life.
    [Show full text]
  • Plumpton & Kororoit
    Growth Areas Authority Plumpton and Kororoit Precincts Land Capability Assessment October 2013 Executive summary Growth Areas Authority (GAA) engaged GHD Pty Ltd (GHD) in April 2013 to undertake a Land Capability Assessment (LCA) for the Plumpton and Kororoit Precincts (herein referred to as the Precincts), to support the Precinct Structure Plans (PSPs) for Plumpton and Kororoit. Purpose The purpose of this report is to provide GAA, Property owners and/or relevant authorities involved with development of the PSPs for the Plumpton and Kororoit Precincts, with an LCA, limited to: A desktop environmental study; hydrological and geotechnical study (with limited Property inspections); and An assessment of potentially contaminated land, to be completed in accordance with the Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE), Potentially Contaminated Land – General Practice Note, June 2005 (DSE 2005), to assist with strategic planning. This report should be used for this purpose only and is not suitable for any other uses. Scope In order to complete the LCA, GHD developed a scope of works to assess historical and present land use within the Precincts. The scope of works included: Stage 1 - Desktop review - Initial Potential for Contamination (PFC) assessment (in accordance with the DSE 2005 guidance) of Properties within the Precincts based on a desktop review of available current and historical information; Stage 2 - Property inspections - GHD undertook both comprehensive initial (fence line) and limited individual Property inspections and then revised the PFC assessment from Stage 1 accordingly. The Stage 1 and Stage 2 PFC assessments for Properties in the Precincts were collated into PFC assessment tables for each Precinct (Appendix A); Assigning DSE 2005 Assessment Levels to each Property within the Precincts.
    [Show full text]
  • Victoria Government Gazette No
    Victoria Government Gazette No. S 51 Wednesday 14 April 1999 By Authority. Victorian Government Printer SPECIAL Road Transport (Dangerous Goods) Act1995 NOTICE OF PROHIBITIONS ON ROUTES AND AREAS FOR THE TRANSPORT OF LIQUEFIED GASES IN BULK The Victorian WorkCover Authority (the Authority), a Competent Authority within the meaning of section 13 of the Road Transport Reform (Dangerous Goods) Act 1995 of the Commonwealth, applying as a law of Victoria by virtue of section 5 of the Road Transport (Dangerous Goods) Act 1995, may, under section 9AA of the Road Transport (Dangerous Goods) Act 1995 prohibit absolutely or subject to conditions, the transport of specified dangerous goods along specified routes or in or through specified areas. Accordingly, under section 9AA, the Authority, by this Notice - 1.1 prohibits absolutely the transport by road of all liquefied gases in bulk (other than the liquefied gases in bulk specified in prohibition 1.2) by all road tank vehicles in or through that area of the City of Melbourne bounded by : Spencer Street from Spencer Street Bridge to LaTrobe Street, LaTrobe Street to William Street, William Street to Peel Street, Peel Street to Victoria Street, Victoria Street and Victoria Parade to Clarendon Street, Clarendon Street to Wellington Parade, Wellington Parade and Flinders Street to St Kilda Road, St Kilda Road to City Road, City Road to Power Street. Power Street to Whiteman Street, Whiteman Street to Clarendon Street, Clarendon Street to Spencer Street Bridge, and including those roads forming that
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 22 State Budget State Capital Program
    Victorian Budget Victorian 2021/22 STATE CAPITAL PROGRAM CAPITAL STATE Victorian Budget 2021/22 Creating Jobs, Caring for Victorians Budget Paper No. 4 Paper No. Budget STATE CAPITAL PROGRAM Budget Paper No. 4 Presented by Tim Pallas MP Treasurer of the State of Victoria The Secretary Department of Treasury and Finance © State of Victoria 2021 1 Treasury Place (Department of Treasury and Finance) Melbourne, Victoria, 3002 Australia Tel: +61 3 9651 5111 Fax: +61 3 9651 2062 Website: budget.vic.gov.au You are free to re-use this work under a Authorised by the Victorian Government Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence, 1 Treasury Place, Melbourne, 3002 provided you credit the State of Victoria (Department of Treasury and Finance) as author, Printed by Doculink, Port Melbourne indicate if changes were made and comply with This publication makes reference to the the other licence terms. The licence does not apply 2021/22 Budget paper set which includes: to any branding, including Government logos. Budget Paper No. 1 – Treasurer’s Speech Copyright queries may be directed to Budget Paper No. 2 – Strategy and Outlook [email protected]. Budget Paper No. 3 – Service Delivery Budget Paper No. 4 – State Capital Program ISSN 2204-9185 (print) Budget Paper No. 5 – Statement of Finances ISSN 2204-9177 (online) (incorporating Quarterly Financial Report No. 3) Published May 2021 State Capital Program 2021-22 Presented by Tim Pallas MP Treasurer of the State of Victoria for the information of Honourable Members Budget Paper No. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 – State capital program 2021-22 ................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Scan Report North West Metro Region
    Environmental Scan Report North West Metro Region Environmental Scan Report: North West Metro Region Table of contents 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 2. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 3. Structure of document ..................................................................................................................................... 4 4. Environmental scan process .......................................................................................................................... 5 5. Regional Context .............................................................................................................................................. 5 6. Natural Environment ........................................................................................................................................ 8 6.1 Climate ................................................................................................................................................................ 8 6.1.1 Average Temperatures ....................................................................................................................................... 8 6.1.2 Rainfall ...............................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]