DOCSLIB.ORG

Major Bridge Development in Hong Kong, China—Past, Present and Future

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Major Bridge Development in Hong Kong, China—Past, Present and Future Front. Archit. Civ. Eng. China 2011, 5(4): 405–414 DOI 10.1007/s11709-011-0136-4 REVIEW Michael CH HUI, Doris YAU Major bridge development in Hong Kong, China—past, present and future © Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 Abstract The first “modern” type of vehicular bridge (the then British Foreign Secretary) had disparagingly was built in Hong Kong China in the 1920s. The need for described as “a barren island, with hardly a house upon it”. an efficient transportation system to cope with population Subsequently, Hong Kong started to develop into an growth and enable economic development has demanded industrial and manufacturing center after the Second World the construction of more and more bridges since the middle War. Transportation networks were also developed to cope of the 20th century. By 2007, Hong Kong had a total of with ever-increasing economic and social activities. More about 1300 vehicular bridges. Four of these bridges, and more bridges have since been built. To transform Hong including the Tsing Ma Bridge, Kap Shui Mun Bridge, Kong from an industrial city to an international financial Ting Kau Bridge, and the cable-stayed bridge on the Hong center in the late 1990s, Hong Kong was in need of a Kong- Shenzhen Western Corridor, are considered to be world-class international airport and an efficient transpor- major bridges supported by cables. Currently, the Stone- tation network to connect the airport with the various parts cutters Bridge on Route No. 8 is under construction and is of the city. A number of major cable supported bridges expected to be completed in late 2009. At the same time, were built on the airport access routes as a result. the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge will be in its Upon completion of the airport project, the focus of road detailed design stage soon. While efforts have been made transport projects was transferred to cross boundary by bridge builders to construct these giant structures, the crossings and the improvement of the local strategic road upkeeping of these valuable assets at a high standard and network. The Hong Kong-Shenzhen Western Corridor ensuring their continuous functioning and performance (HK-SWC) was completed 10 years after the territory’s during their intended lifespans will be another important return to the Mainland. Meanwhile, the Stonecutters task for bridge engineers. Wind and structural health Bridge on Route No. 8 is currently under construction monitoring system (WASHMS) will play a key role in this and is expected to be completed in late 2009. respect. Looking to the near future, the mega Hong Kong- Zhuhai-Macao Bridge will soon enter its detailed design Keywords Tsing Ma Bridge, Kap Shui Mun Bridge, Ting phase for target commencement in 2010. Experience Kau Bridge, Stonecutters Bridge, Hong Kong-Zhuhai- gained in constructing the earlier major bridges will Macao Bridge, wind and structural health monitoring definitely contribute to building this mega bridge. system (WASHMS) 2 Bridge building in Hong Kong 1 Introduction 2.1 Early days Looking back in history, Hong Kong, China began in the middle of the 19th century as a fishing village where one Hong Kong has a steep and hilly terrain. In the old days, could hardly find any bridges on what Lord Palmerston most of its inhabitants could only cluster along the northern shore of Hong Kong Island and on the Kowloon Received September 2, 2011; accepted September 28, 2011 Peninsula. Throughout the 19th century, sea transport was ✉ the only means of transport in Hong Kong. All movement Michael CH HUI ( ), Doris YAU of goods within or outside the territory had to be done by S15/F, Civil Engineering and Development Building, 101, Princess Margaret Road, Ho Man Tin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China sea as all warehouses lay along a 5 km stretch of the E-mail: [email protected] Island’s northern shore. The first motor car was delivered 406 Front. Archit. Civ. Eng. China 2011, 5(4): 405–414 to Hong Kong in 1915, but it was not until the 1920s that service-based economy in the 1980s and then matured to steps were taken to cater for motor vehicles specifically. become a financial center in the 1990s. This was the time when the first “modern” vehicular bridge From the 1980s to the late 1990s, Hong Kong was at its (Kwong Fuk Bridge) in Tai Po was built (Fig. 1) [1]. Even golden age of bridge building during which a number of in the immediate post-Second-World-War years, Hong world class bridges were built. In the late 1980s/early Kong had very few local industrial and economic 1990s, Hong Kong decided to move its airport from the activities. Apart from railway, the most common types of city center of Kowloon to Chek Lap Kok on the Lantau land transport at that time were rickshaws and sedan chairs. Island. The new airport necessitated the construction of a Bridges were usually built using primitive materials like major new strategic highway of approximately 34 km in timber, stone, or cast iron. length between the western part of Hong Kong Island and The situation changed in the 1960s when Hong Kong the airport. This was the first physical connection between experienced a sudden surge in population growth due to the Kowloon Peninsula and Lantau. The key part of the the influx of immigrants from the Mainland. As industry connection is the spectacular 4 km long Lantau Link, developed and population began to multiply, Hong Kong comprising the 1377 m span Tsing Ma suspension bridge was faced with the urgent task of providing homes and and the 430 m span Kap Shui Mun cable-stayed bridge. infrastructures for its people. An ambitious program was These two bridges carry both road and rail traffic. implemented to provide new homes in the new towns of Shortly after the commissioning of the Airport Access the New Territories for about 1.8 million people in mid Links, the Route No. 3 (Country Park Section) was 1980s. One of the foremost items in this program was to commissioned in 1998 to connect traffic from the north- provide better transport connections among these new west New Territories to the Lantau Link. The 1177 m long towns. As a result, more and more bridges and viaducts Ting Kau cable-stayed bridge forms part of this route. It is were constructed as part of the program. With such a boom a unique and visually impressive structure, which in the bridge construction industry and advances in continues to attract world-wide and local interest. construction technology and material science, bridges The Airport Core Programme was an extremely complex were usually designed as reinforced/prestressed concrete and fast tracked program. To ensure successful implemen- structures. Moreover, the precast segmental construction tation of this ambitious program, Hong Kong looked for method was introduced to Hong Kong in the 1980s for imported technology including different levels of expatri- constructing bridge viaducts over busy roads or above the ate personnel from experts down to construction super- sea near the shoreline. visors and skilled laborers. As a result of the technology transfer, Hong Kong has nurtured a number of experts in bridge construction and project management. The quality and standard of the local construction industry have also been improved significantly. The following major bridges were constructed during the golden age of bridge building history in Hong Kong. 2.2.1 Tsing Ma Bridge [2] Tsing Ma Bridge has a main span of 1377 m and an overall length of 2160 m (Fig. 2). Obviously, a bridge of this span length would be extremely flexible and wind sensitive. The following discussions will focus on this aspect. As the Tsing Ma Bridge will be the only road/rail link to the airport, it is essential that this access be maintained in all but the most severe weather conditions. This “all-weather” capability is achieved by locating the Fig. 1 Kwong Fuk Bridge in Tai Po two railway tracks and two protected roadways in the lower deck, where they will be protected by stainless steel 2.2 Hong Kong’s new airport cladding. The final design uses a double-deck steel box construction with truss stiffening and non-structural edge China started to implement its open-door policy in the late fairings (Fig. 3). 1970s. As a result, industrial activities in Hong Kong were Learning from the experience of the Tacoma Narrows gradually shifted northwards to areas in the Pearl River Bridge collapse in 1940, the deck of the Tsing Ma Bridge Delta such as Dongguan. Hong Kong underwent a rapid was streamlined. Extensive wind tunnel tests confirmed transition from an industrial and manufacturing center to a that the adoption of a streamlined deck section with faired Michael CH HUI et al. Major bridge development in Hong Kong, China—past, present and future 407 Fig. 2 Elevation of the Tsing Ma Bridge 2.2.2 Kap Shui Mun Bridge [2] The Kap Shui Mun Bridge has a main span of 430 m and an overall length of 750 m (Fig. 4). Like the Tsing Ma Bridge, it carries a six-lane highway on the upper deck and twin railway tracks plus two sheltered road lanes on the lower. It is supported by two planes of stay cables. The bridge is a record-breaker in its own right, but is often overshadowed by its giant neighbor on the same link. There are a number of unique features on this bridge. It is one of the stiffest structures ever to be incrementally launched, and has perhaps the most heavily-loaded cable stay towers ever built.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COI MTR-HH Day40 14Jan2019
    Commission of Inquiry into the Diaphragm Wall and Platform Slab Construction Works at the Hung Hom Station Extension under the Shatin to Central Link Project Day 40 Page 1 Page 3 1 Monday, 14 January 2019 1 COMMISSIONER HANSFORD: And maybe if we could look it -- 2 (10.02 am) 2 I don't know, something like 25 January; bring it as 3 MR PENNICOTT: Good morning, sir. 3 up-to-date as we possibly can. 4 CHAIRMAN: Good morning. 4 MR BOULDING: It may well even be the case that we could 5 MR PENNICOTT: Sir, you will see around the room this 5 take it up to 29 January. We will see what can be done 6 morning that there are some perhaps unfamiliar faces to 6 and we will update it as much as we possibly can. 7 you. That is because we are starting the structural 7 COMMISSIONER HANSFORD: Thank you very much. 8 engineering expert evidence this morning, and I think, 8 CHAIRMAN: Good. 9 although I haven't counted, that most if not all of the 9 MR PENNICOTT: Sir, before we get to Prof Au -- good 10 structural engineering experts are in the room. 10 morning; we'll be with you shortly, Prof Au -- could 11 CHAIRMAN: Yes. 11 I just mention this. I think it's a matter that has 12 MR PENNICOTT: As you know, Prof McQuillan is sat next to 12 been drawn to the Commission's attention, but there have 13 me, I can see Mr Southward is there, and I think 13 been some enquiries from the media, and in particular 14 Dr Glover is at the back as well, and at the moment 14 the Apple Daily, in relation to questions concerning the 15 Prof Au is in the witness box.
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Transport Assessment of Development Options
    This subject paper is intended to be a research paper delving into different views and analyses from various sources. The views and analyses as contained in this paper are intended to stimulate public discussion and input to the planning process of the "HK2030 Study" and do not necessarily represent the views of the HKSARG. WORKING PAPER NO. 35 INITIAL TRANSPORT ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS Purpose 1. The purpose of this paper is to provide information on the reference transport demand forecasts, assessment of Reference Scenario and framework for option evaluations. Background 2. Under Stage 3 of the HK2030 Study, Development Scenario and Development Options are formulated. The Development Options are then subject to transport, economic, financial as well as environmental assessments. Under the integrated approach adopted for the Study, the transport requirements identified for the Development Options are also assessed in terms of the environmental, economic and financial implications in order that a meaningful comparison of the Development Options could be made. 3. Under the Reference Scenario, various development choices have been considered to satisfy the land requirements. They can broadly be categorised into two different options of development patterns, namely Decentralisation and Consolidation. The details are presented in the paper on Development Options under the Reference Scenario. Assessments have been carried out to identify the transport requirements of the two Development Options in 2010, 2020 and 2030. The findings are summarised in the following sections. Development Options 4. Under the Reference Scenario, the population in 2030 could be in the region of 9.2 million which is only marginally more than the population of 8.9 million for 2016 adopted in the previous strategic planning.
    [Show full text]
  • 931/01-02(01) Route 3 Country Park Section Invitation For
    CB(1)931/01-02(01) COPY ROUTE 3 COUNTRY PARK SECTION INVITATION FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST PROJECT OUTLINE TRANSPORT BRANCH HONG KONG GOVERNMENT MARCH 1993 INVITATION FOR EXPRESSIONS OF INTEREST IN DEVELOPING THE COUNTRY PARK SECTION OF ROUTE 3 ("THE PROJECT") Project Outline N.B. This Outline is issued for information purposes only, with a view to inviting expressions of interest for the finance. design, construction and operation of the Project. 1 Introduction 1.1 Route 3, to be constructed to expressway standard between Au Tau in Yuen Long and Sai Ying Pun on Hong Kong Island, is a key element in the future road infrastructure in the Territory. 1.2 The primary function of Route 3 is to serve the growing traffic demand in the North West New Territories. the Kwai Chung Container Port and western Kowloon. The southern portion of Route 3 forms part of the principal access to the Chek Lap Kok Airport. This comprises the Tsing Yi and Kwai Chung Sections from northwest Tsing Yi to Mei Foo, the West Kowloon Expressway and the Western Harbour Crossing to Hong Kong Island, all of which are included in the Airport Core Programme. 1.3 The northern portion of Route 3, namely the Country Park Section. consists of the following principal elements:- (a) The Ting Kau Bridge and the North West Tsing Yi Interchange; (b) The Tai Lam Tunnel including the Ting Kau interchange; and (c) The Yuen Long Approach from Au Tau to Tai Lam Tunnel including the connections to the roads in the area including the Yuen Long Southern By-pass.
    [Show full text]
  • File Ref.: MA 60/1(2002) Pt.4 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL BRIEF
    File Ref.: MA 60/1(2002) Pt.4 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL BRIEF SHIPPING AND PORT CONTROL (AMENDMENT) REGULATION 2002 INTRODUCTION At the meeting of the Executive Council on 25 June 2002, the Council ADVISED and the Chief Executive ORDERED that the A Shipping and Port Control (Amendment) Regulation 2002, at Annex A, should be made under section 80(1) of the Shipping and Port Control Ordinance to impose a designated area in the Kap Shui Mun water area and require all vessels to tender pre-arrival notification (PAN). BACKGROUND AND ARGUMENT Imposing a Special Area in the Kap Shui Mun area 2. At present, through traffic to and from the northwestern approaches of Hong Kong waters are free to be conducted in either the Kap Shui Mun Fairway or Ma Wan Fairway. Such traffic can be both southeast-bound and northwest-bound. The average navigational width of the Kap Shui Mun Fairway and Ma Wan Fairway are 210 metres and 680 metres respectively. 3. In view of the collision incidents that happened in the Kap Shui Mun area, Marine Department conducted an in-house study in the year 2000 on the traffic using the area with a view to developing measures to improve navigational safety there. The study recommends, inter alia, that a single direction traffic scheme should be introduced to the Kap Shui Mun area. Under the scheme, through traffic in the northern part of the much narrower Kap Shui Mun Fairway should be limited to southeast-bound only. The two-way bound traffic arrangement in both the southern part of the Kap Shui Mun Fairway and the entire Ma Wan Fairway can remain unchanged.
    [Show full text]
  • Road P1 (Tai Ho – Sunny Bay Section), Lantau Project Profile
    The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Civil Engineering and Development Department Road P1 (Tai Ho – Sunny Bay Section), Lantau (prepared in accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance (Cap. 499)) Project Profile December 2020 Road P1 (Tai Ho – Sunny Bay Section) Project Profile CONTENTS 1. BASIC INFORMATION ......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Title ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Purpose and Nature of the Project .............................................................................. 1 1.3 Name of Project Proponent ........................................................................................ 2 1.4 Location and Scale of Project and History of Site ..................................................... 2 1.5 Number and Types of Designated Projects to be Covered by the Project Profile ...... 3 1.6 Name and Telephone Number of Contact Person ...................................................... 3 2. OUTLINE OF PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMME ........ 5 2.1 Project Planning and Implementation ........................................................................ 5 2.2 Project Timetable ....................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Interactions with Other Projects ................................................................................. 5 3. POSSIBLE
    [Show full text]
  • Islands District Council Traffic and Transport Committee Paper T&TC
    Islands District Council Traffic and Transport Committee Paper T&TC 41/2020 2020 Hong Kong Cyclothon 1. Objectives 1.1 The 2020 Hong Kong Cyclothon, organised by the Hong Kong Tourism Board, is scheduled to be held on 15 November 2020. This document outlines to the Islands District Council Traffic and Transport Committee the event information and traffic arrangements for 2020 Hong Kong Cyclothon, with the aim to obtain the District Council’s continuous support. 2. Event Background 2.1. Hong Kong Tourism Board (HKTB) is tasked to market and promote Hong Kong as a travel destination worldwide and to enhance visitors' experience in Hong Kong, by hosting different mega events. 2.2. The Hong Kong Cyclothon was debuted in 2015 in the theme of “Sports for All” and “Exercise for a Good Cause”. Over the past years, the event attracted more than 20,000 local and overseas cyclists to participate in various cycling programmes, as well as professional cyclists from around the world to compete in the International Criterium Race, which was sanctioned by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) and The Cycling Association of Hong Kong, China Limited (CAHK). The 50km Ride is the first cycling activity which covers “Three Tunnels and Three Bridges (Tsing Ma Bridge, Ting Kau Bridge, Stonecutters Bridge, Cheung Tsing Tunnel, Nam Wan Tunnel, Eagle’s Nest Tunnel)” in the route. 2.3. Besides, all the entry fees from the CEO Charity and Celebrity Ride and Family Fun Ride and partial amount of the entry fee from other rides/ races will be donated to the beneficiaries of the event.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper on the Operational Arrangements for the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and the Hong Kong
    立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(4)1072/17-18(04) Ref. : CB4/PL/TP Panel on Transport Meeting on 18 May 2018 Background brief on the operational arrangements for the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and the Hong Kong Port Purpose This paper provides background information on the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge ("HZMB") project and related Hong Kong projects. It also summarizes the major views and concerns expressed by Legislative Council ("LegCo") Members on the traffic and transport arrangements and related operational issues of HZMB upon its commissioning in past discussions. Background Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and related Hong Kong projects 2. HZMB is a dual three-lane carriageway in the form of bridge-cum-tunnel structure sea-crossing, linking Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macao. The project is a major cross-boundary transport infrastructure project. According to the Administration, the construction of HZMB will significantly reduce transportation costs and time for travellers and goods on roads. It has very important strategic value in terms of further enhancement of the economic development between Hong Kong, the Mainland and Macao. 3. With the connection by HZMB, the Western Pearl River Delta will fall within a reachable three-hour commuting radius of Hong Kong. The entire HZMB project consists of two parts: - 2 - (a) the HZMB Main Bridge (i.e. a 22.9 km-long bridge and 6.7 km-long subsea tunnel) situated in Mainland waters which is being taken forward by the HZMB Authority1; and (b) the link roads and boundary crossing facilities under the responsibility of the governments of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao ("the three governments").
    [Show full text]
  • Transport Infrastructure and Traffic Review
    Transport Infrastructure and Traffic Review Planning Department October 2016 Hong Kong 2030+ 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 PREFACE ........................................................... 1 5 POSSIBLE TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT 2 CHALLENGES ................................................... 2 ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE STRATEGIC Changing Demographic Profile .............................................2 GROWTH AREAS ............................................. 27 Unbalanced Spatial Distribution of Population and Synopsis of Strategic Growth Areas ................................. 27 Employment ........................................................................3 Strategic Traffic and Transport Directions ........................ 30 Increasing Growth in Private Vehicles .................................6 Possible Traffic and Transport Arrangements ................. 32 Increasing Cross-boundary Travel with Pearl River Delta Region .......................................................................7 3 FUTURE TRANSPORT NETWORK ................... 9 Railways as Backbone ...........................................................9 Future Highway Network at a Glance ................................11 Connecting with Neighbouring Areas in the Region ........12 Transport System Performance ..........................................15 4 STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS FROM TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE ................................................. 19 Transport and Land Use Optimisation ...............................19 Railways Continue to be
    [Show full text]
  • Better Safe Than Worry
    VSLnews MONITORING OF STRUCTURES BETTER SAFE THAN WORRY SPECIAL REPORT Match-cast segmental bridge piers ABERDEEN CHANNEL BRIDGE Full-scope construction VSLnews ISSUE ONE • 2013 Anticipating structural behaviour VSL has built its reputation by providing services of high added-value Daniel Rigout, through the technical expertise of its strong worldwide network, backed Chairman and up by a dynamic R&D effort. From the earliest project phases until the end Chief Executive Officer of a structure’s life, VSL’s experts provide consultancy and engineering services that produce cost-effective, durable and sustainable solutions for our clients. The life of any structure is divided into three key phases: planning, construction and maintenance. VSL’s engineers are of invaluable support to designers carrying out feasibility studies at the planning stage, and, if relevant, can propose alternative solutions to achieve what is best for the project. How to build the structure becomes the critical issue once the design is optimised and here VSL’s teams take up the challenge to ensure fast-track and safe construction. Monitoring of structural behaviour may be required either during construction or later, when the structure is in service, in order to forecast maintenance works and allocate the corresponding budgets. In each case, our experts respond to the requirements by providing a monitoring system that is adapted to the needs and economic constraints. Once the inspection plan has been established, VSL can also handle any corresponding strengthening and repair works required. True turnkey and full-scope projects covering all phases of a structure’s life are at the heart of our business.
    [Show full text]
  • “Current and Future Bridge Health Monitoring Systems in Hong Kong”
    HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT TSING MA CONTROL AREA DIVISION BRIDGE HEALTH SECTION “Current and Future Bridge Health Monitoring Systems in Hong Kong” by Eur Ing Dr. WONG, Kai-Yuen TMCA Division, Highways Department The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 1 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT TSING MA CONTROL AREA DIVISION BRIDGE HEALTH SECTION Why Bridge Health Monitoring System is needed? • Monitoring Structural Performance and Applied Loads • Facilitating the Planning of Inspection and Maintenance • Validating Design Assumptions and Parameters • Updating and Revising Design Manuals and Standards 2 HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT TSING MA CONTROL AREA DIVISION WASHMS BRIDGE HEALTH SECTION 1. WASHMS refers to Wind And Structural Health Monitoring System. 2. Application: “wind sensitivity structures”, i.e. frequency lower than 1 Hz. 3. Existing Bridges with WASHMS: (i) Tsing Ma & Kap Shui Mun Bridges - LFC-WASHMS. (ii) Ting Kau Bridge - TKB-WASHMS. 4. Future Bridges with WASHMS: (i) The Cable-Stayed Bridge (Hong Kong Side) in Shenzhen Western Corridor - SWC-WASHMS. (ii) Stonecutters Bridge - SCB-WASHMS. 3 ShenzhenShenzhen HIGHWAYS AREA DIVISION DEPARTMENT TSING MA CONTROL BRIDGE HEALTH SECTION ShekouShekou Shenzhen Western YuenYuen LongLong Corridor NewNew TerritoriesTerritories Ting Kau Bridge TuenTuenMun Mun ShaShaTin Tin Tsing Ma Bridge TsingTsingYi Yi Kap Shui Mun Bridge KowloonKowloon Hong Kong HongHong KongKong Stonecutters Bridge InternationalInternational AirportAirport LantauLantau HongHong KongKong IslandIsland IslandIsland 4 Tsing Ma Bridge
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Tung Chung New Town in Hong Kong H. Wang, W
    Transactions on the Built Environment vol 33, © 1998 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509 Development of Tung Chung New Town in Hong Kong H. Wang, W. Wong Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Horn, Kowloon, Hong Kong Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]. hk Abstract Hong Kong's new airport at Chek Lap Kok is scheduled to open on July 6, 1998. At present, construction of all major projects is either at the last stage or in completion. Tung Chung New Town, one of the Airport Core Programme (ACP), has been initially set up for housing 216,000 people by 2006 and providing living area for servicing staff of the new airport. Based on the case study on the development of Tung Chung New Town, this paper illustrates the relationship between transport system and land use development. In the paper, referring to many survey data and research results, the development of Tung Chung New Town is shown to be essential due to the relocation of the Hong Kong Airport. On the other hand, comparing with other new towns in Hong Kong, Tung Chung New Town is provided with better transport system links that minimize the travel time and improve the comfort and accessibility to other parts of the territory. This makes Tung Chung New Town a more attractive new town for people to reside. 1 Introduction In the past twenty years, the Hong Kong International Airport at Kai Tak has commenced a series of improvement to cater for the continuous growth in passengers and cargo.
    [Show full text]
  • ICE Breaker Newsletter of ICE Hong Kong 2018 Issue 1 Messages and News Together We Can!
    ICE Breaker Newsletter of ICE Hong Kong 2018 Issue 1 Messages and News Together we can! ear Fellow members and friends, D We are now into the final quarter of the 2017/18 session for the ICE HKA committee. It has been a remarkably challenging and fruitful time for the committee. On top of our usual suite of high quality learned society activities, we have been exceedingly bold in launching an ambitious ICE 200 programme around three strands, namely knowledge, branding and inspiration. Our vision for this milestone year of the ICE bicentenary is to enthuse the profession, enhance our public image and inspire the next generation. Our ICE 200 events are centred around the TECH (ie technology, engineering, climate and humanitarian) themes. Some of our flagship events to date are as follows: (a) Innovation Summit on 12 January 2018. The Honourable Mrs Carrie Lam, Chief Executive of HKSAR Government, gave the opening address as the Guest of Honour. (b) Distinguished Lecture on 13 March 2018 delivered by Dr Robin Sham, CBE, and Dr Ana Ruiz-Teran from Imperial College London. Mr Andrew Heyn, British Consul-General to Hong Kong and Macao, gave the opening address as the Guest of Honour. (c) Grand Opening of the World’s Longest Span LEGO® bridge on 21 March 2018. The Honourable Mr Matthew Cheung, Chief Secretary for Administration, was the Guest of Honour for the Grand Opening Ceremony. About 80 students from 8 schools contributed to pre-assembling the bridge components. The LEGO® bridge was displayed to the public in ELEMENTS for one month.
    [Show full text]