Paleoecology, Stratigraphy, and Taxonomy of the Foraminifera of the Weches Formation of East Texas and the Cane River Formation of Louisiana
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1975 Paleoecology, Stratigraphy, and Taxonomy of the Foraminifera of the Weches Formation of East Texas and the Cane River Formation of Louisiana. Haeung Choung Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Choung, Haeung, "Paleoecology, Stratigraphy, and Taxonomy of the Foraminifera of the Weches Formation of East Texas and the Cane River Formation of Louisiana." (1975). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 2780. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/2780 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. 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Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. € 75-22,196 I CHXJNG, Haeung, 1942- PALEOECOLOOf, STOATIGRAPIDf, AND TAXONCMÏ OF TOE FORAMINIFERA OF TOE WECHES FORMATION OF EAST TEXAS AND TOE CANE RIVER FORMATION OF LOUISIANA. The Louisiana State IMversity.and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1975 Geology Xerox University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48ioe THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Paleoecology, Stratigraphy, and Taxonomy of the Foraminifera of the Weches Formation of East Texas and the Cane River Formation of Louisiana A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geology by Haeung Choung B.S., Seoul National University, I967 M.S., University of Connecticut, 1970 May, 1975 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The writer wishes to express his most sincere thanks to the following people for their generous assistance and contributions to the preparation of this study: To Dr. Harold V. Andersen, Chairman of the Dissertation Committee, who first suggested the research problem and directed the writer patiently in every phase of the research to the completion, To Dr. Henrik B. Stenzel who personally guided the writer to the numerous Claiborne outcrops in Texas and advised the writer on the stratigraphie concept of the Gulf Coast area. To Dr. Clarence 0. Durham, Dr. George F. Hart, Dr. Bob F. Perkins and Dr. Willem A. van den Bold, members of the Dissertation Committee, for rendering valuable advice and taking patience to review the manuscript. To the late Dr. Henry V. Howe who friendly advised and encouraged the writer on numerous occasions during the course of writer's graduate study. To Dr. Pretiss E. Schilling, Department of Experimental Statistics, for formulating and supervising the statistical analysis employed in this study. To Mr. Leo W. Hough, State Geologist, Louisiana Geological Survey, for making funds and the facilities available Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. for numerous field trips to obtain core samples both in Louisiana and Texas, To Mr. Harry L. Roland, Assistant State Geologist, and Mr. Fred K. Kring, Research Assistant, Louisiana Geological Survey, for their strenuous efforts in coring and drilling activities. To Mr. Alvin M. Phillips, Jr., Museum of Geoscience, for proof reading the portion of Foraminiferal taxonomy. To Mr. Michael J, Raymond, Graduate Assistant, Department of Geology, and Mr. Russel J. Adams, School of Geoscience, for helping with computer program and operation. Finally, the writer also wishes to thank his colleagues and staff of the School of Geoscience who have been so helpful in many ways. 11 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Table of Contents page ABSTRACT................................................. x INTRODUCTION....................................... 1 PART I. PALEOECOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY.................. 5 GEOLOGICAL SETTING OF THE AREA STUDIED.................. 5 Structural Elements.......... -.......... 5 East Texas Embayment. ....................... 5 Sabine Uplift...... ..................... ;... 6 North Louisiana Syncline...................... 6 Areal Distribution of the Claiborne Group.......... 7 Regional Stratigraphy.............................. 8 Carrizo Sand.................... 9 Reklaw Formation.................... 11 Queen City Formation........................ 13 Weches Formation.................. 14 Cane River Formation ...... 16 Sparta Formation............................ 17 Lithology of the Formations Studied......... 19 METHOD OF STUDY......................................... 25 Sample Localities............................. 25 Sampling Method and Laboratory Preparation....... 25 Statistical Analysis. ...................... 27 Regression Analysis......................... 27 Cluster Analysis.................... 29 REPRESENTATIVE FAUNA.................................... 32 Foraminifera........................... 32 111 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. page Previous Works ......................... 32 Distribution • •. 32 Trend of Occurrence....................... 40 Ostracoda. ............................ 68 Mollusca ................................ 72 Bryozoa.................................. 74 Others................... * . 75 FORAMINIFERAL ECOLOGY............................ 77 Nature of Studies and their Paleoecologic Value.. 77 Source of Variation for Ecologie Distribution.... 78 Classification of Environments .............. 80 Some Characteristics of Foraminiferal Ecology.... 81 Generic Distribution of Recent Foraminifera in the Generalized Environments of the Gulf of Mexico 88 PALEOECOLOGY..................................... 94 General.................. 94 Bathymetry and Environment of Some Important Claiborne Foraminifera compared with Recent Species................. 95 Environmental Assemblages................... 108 General ...................... 108 Result of Cluster Analysis....... ....... 110 Comparison between the Weches and Cane River Environments..................... .. ....... 118 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. page STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION............................ 128 Lithostratigraphy.............. 128 Biostratigraphy............... 132 CONCLUSIONS.......................................... 136 PART II. TAXONOMY OF FORAMINIFERA................... 138 SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS OF CANE RIVER AND WECHES FORAMINIFERA.................................... 138 Family Ammodiscidae ................ 139 Family Lituolidae.............................. 139 Family Textulariidae ............ 1^1 Family Trochamminidae .... 1^3 Family Ataxophragmiidae .............. 1^3 Family Fischerinidae............................ 144 Family Nubeculariidae........................... 145 Family Miliolidae................. 146 Family Nodosariidae ....... 148 Family Polymorphinidae.................. I63 Family Glandulinidae............. I66 Family Turrilinidae ....... 166 Family Bolivinitidae