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A Guide to 1.000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia

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A Guide to 1.000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia Jean-Pierre Debenay A Guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific New Caledonia PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIQUES DU MUSÉUM Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 1 A Guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 2 Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 3 A Guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia Jean-Pierre Debenay IRD Éditions Institut de recherche pour le développement Marseille Publications Scientifiques du Muséum Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Paris 2012 Debenay-1 11/01/13 18:14 Page 4 Photos de couverture / Cover photographs p. 1 – © J.-P. Debenay : les foraminifères : une biodiversité aux formes spectaculaires / Foraminifera: a high biodiversity with a spectacular variety of forms p. 4 – © IRD/P. Laboute : îlôt Gi en Nouvelle-Calédonie / Island Gi in New Caledonia Sauf mention particulière, les photos de cet ouvrage sont de l'auteur / Except particular mention, the photos of this book are of the author Préparation éditoriale / Copy-editing Yolande Cavallazzi Maquette intérieure et mise en page / Design and page layout Aline Lugand – Gris Souris Maquette de couverture / Cover design Michelle Saint-Léger Coordination, fabrication / Production coordination Catherine Plasse La loi du 1er juillet 1992 (code de la propriété intellectuelle, première partie) n'autorisant, aux termes des alinéas 2 et 3 de l'article L. 122-5, d'une part, que les « copies ou reproductions strictement réservées à l'usage privé du copiste et non destinées à une utilisation collective » et, d'autre part, que les analyses et les courtes citations dans un but d'exemple et d'illustration, « toute représentation ou reproduction intégrale ou partielle, faite sans le consentement de l'auteur ou de ses ayants droit ou ayants cause, est illicite » (alinéa 1er de l'article L. 122-4). Cette représentation ou reproduction, par quelque procédé que ce soit, constituerait donc une contrefaçon passible des peines prévues au titre III de la loi précitée. © IRD/MNHN, 2012 ISBN IRD : 978-2-7099-1729-2 ISBN MNHN : 978-2-85653-698-8 Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 5 Contents/Sommaire Foreword/Avant-propos ............................................................................................7 Acknowledgements/Remerciements ...............................................................................9 Introduction .......................................................................................................11 Regional setting ..................................................................................................13 Study area .........................................................................................................17 Introduction to foraminifera ....................................................................................19 Foraminifera, their distribution and behavior ................................................................29 Taxonomy .........................................................................................................47 Systematics .......................................................................................................251 References ........................................................................................................327 Alphabetical index ...............................................................................................343 Abstract/Résumé .................................................................................................379 Contents ..........................................................................................................383 Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 6 To Guy Cabioch without whom this book would not have been possible. A Guy Cabioch sans qui cet ouvrage n’aurait pas vu le jour. Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 7 Foreword/Avant-propos The story began 35 years ago, in 1976, when I joined the geolog- L’histoire a débuté il y a 35 ans, en 1976, quand j’ai rejoint ical team of the ORSTOM center of Nouméa (presently IRD l’équipe de géologie du centre Orstom de Nouméa (actuelle- [Institut de recherche pour le développement]). I was teacher in ment IRD, Institut de recherche pour le développement). a high school, but had the opportunity to participate in a Professeur dans un lycée, j’ai eu l’opportunité de participer à research program on the sediments of the southwest lagoon of un programme de recherche sur les sédiments du lagon sud- New Caledonia, in collaboration with F. Dugas. Using the newly ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie, en collaboration avec F. Dugas. arrived R/V Vauban, more than 800 samples were collected, over Profitant de l’arrivée du N/O Vauban, plus de 800 échantillons an area about 3,000 km2, and analyzed – mostly grain size ont été prélevés, sur une zone d’environ 3 000 km2,et analysis and microscopic observation. The result was the publi- analysés – principalement granulométrie et observation cation of sedimentological maps together with maps showing microscopique. Il en résulta la publication de cartes sédimen- the contribution of foraminifera and mollusks to the sediment. tologiques accompagnées de cartes montrant la contribution Four sets of two maps at 1/50,000 were published concerning des foraminifères et mollusques à la constitution du sédiment. the areas of Tontouta, Nouméa, Mont Dore and Prony, from Quatre jeux de deux cartes au 1/50 000 ont été publiés pour les north to south, complemented by substantial explanatory notes. zones de Tontouta, Nouméa, Mont Dore et Prony, du nord au A synthetic map was also published in the Atlas of New sud, complétés par des notices détaillées. Une carte synthétique Caledonia (1981). These maps may be downloaded on the site: a également été publiée dans l’Atlas de Nouvelle-Calédonie <http://www.cartographie.ird.fr/sphaera/>. (1981). Ces cartes peuvent être téléchargées sur le site : This work coincided with a growth in scientific research programs <http://www.cartographie.ird.fr/sphaera/>. focalized on the marine environment, which led to the publication Ce travail a coïncidé avec le développement de programmes of numerous thematic charts, such as those included in the Atlas dédiés à l’environnement marin, ce qui a conduit à la publi- of New Caledonia (1981). cation de nombreuses cartes thématiques, telles que celles de Later, an extensive study of the foraminifera from the fraction l’Atlas de Nouvelle-Calédonie (1981). 0.5-2 mm of all the samples led to the writing and defense of a Plus tard, une étude détaillée des foraminifères de la fraction PhD thesis (DEBENAY, 1986) and to the publication of several 0,5-2 mm des échantillons a abouti à la rédaction et la related papers, between 1985 and 1988, while I had a position at soutenance d’une thèse (DEBENAY, 1986), et à la publication the university of Dakar... Unfortunately, foraminifera from the de plusieurs articles, entre 1985 et 1988, alors que j’étais en fraction 0.125-0.5 mm are still in their boxes and have never poste à l’université de Dakar… Malheureusement, les fora- been studied. minifères de la fraction 0,125-0,5 mm sont toujours dans I came back in New Caledonia in 1997 for a sampling campaign leur boîte et n’ont jamais été étudiés. in mangrove swamps, with a view to a more general work on Je suis revenu en Nouvelle-Calédonie en 1997 pour une série foraminifera from paralic environments (DEBENAY &GUILLOU, d’échantillonnages dans les mangroves, en vue d’un travail plus 2002). général sur les foraminifères des environnements paraliques In 2006, together with G. Cabioch, we listed the works related to (DEBENAY et GUILLOU, 2002). foraminifera from New Caledonia, and made the inventory of the En 2006, avec G. Cabioch, nous avons répertorié les travaux 585 species reported from the area in previous works (DEBENAY & portant sur les foraminifères de Nouvelle-Calédonie et CABIOCH, 2007). At the same time, I came back on a position at the inventorié les 585 espèces citées par les auteurs précédents IRD center of Nouméa where I carried out several works on (DEBENAY et CABIOCH, 2007). Je suis alors revenu sur un poste foraminifera. au centre IRD de Nouméa où j’ai réalisé plusieurs études sur Foraminifera are one of the most abundant groups in the lagoon les foraminifères. of New Caledonia, as shown in the Compendium of marine Les foraminifères constituent l’un des groupes les plus species from New Caledonia (PAYRI & DE FORGES, eds, 1987): abondants dans le lagon de Nouvelle-Calédonie, comme foraminifera (6%), algae (5%), molluscs (23%), arthropods (22%) cela a été montré dans le Compendium des espèces marines and vertebrates dominated by fish (19%). Moreover, their tests de Nouvelle-Calédonie (PAYRI et DE FORGES, eds, 1987) : often constitute the predominant part of the lagoonal sediments. foraminifères (6 %), algues (5 %), mollusques (23 %), Debenay-1 7/01/13 12:12 Page 8 8 | A Guide to 1,000 Foraminifera from Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia Adding the fact that the Lagoons of New Caledonia have been arthropodes (22 %) et vertébrés, dominés par les poissons inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List that will need an (19 %). De plus, leurs tests constituent souvent une part increase of the ongoing research, and will increase public interest prédominante des sédiments. Si l’on ajoute l’inscription des and appreciation for marine biodiversity, it appeared necessary to lagons de Nouvelle-Calédonie sur la Liste du patrimoine provide a synthetic work on the present knowledge about New mondial de l’Unesco, qui va nécessiter un développement de Caledonian
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