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Neogene Foraminifera of the Limon Basin of Costa Rica. David Terrance Cassell Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

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Neogene Foraminifera of the Limon Basin of Costa Rica. David Terrance Cassell Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1986 Neogene Foraminifera of the Limon Basin of Costa Rica. David Terrance Cassell Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Cassell, David Terrance, "Neogene Foraminifera of the Limon Basin of Costa Rica." (1986). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 4288. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/4288 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. For example: • Manuscript pages may have indistinct print. In such cases, the best available copy has been filmed. • Manuscripts may not always be complete. In such cases, a note will indicate that it is not possible to obtain missing pages. • Copyrighted material may have been removed from the manuscript. In such cases, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is also filmed as one exposure and is available, for an additional charge, as a standard 35mm slide or as a 17”x 23" black and white photographic print. Most photographs reproduce acceptably on positive microfilm or microfiche but lack the clarity on xerographic copies made from the microfilm. For an additional charge, 35mm slides of 6”x 9” black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 8710551 Cassell, David Terrance NEOGENE FORAMINiFERA OF THE LIMON BASIN OF COSTA RICA The Louisiana State University and Agricuitural and Mechanical Col.Ph.D. 1986 University Microfilms I nternâtionâl300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V. 1. Glossy photographs or pages. 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print ______ 3. Photographs with dark background X 4. Illustrations are poor copy ______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy i/ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page, 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages J 8. Print exceeds margin requirements ______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine _______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print. 11. Page(s) ____________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s) ____________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages ______ 15. Dissertation contains pages with piint at a slant, filmed a s received 16. Other____________________________________________________________________ __ University Microfilm s International Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. NEOGENE FORAMINIFERA OF THE LIMON BASIN OF COSTA RICA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy i n The Department of Geology by David Terrance Cassell B.A., University of the Pacific, 1976 M.S., Northern Arizona University, 1980 December, 1986 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people have contributed to this work. I cannot list them all here, but to everyone who helped me finish this study, I wish to say thanks. This study was supported by National Science Foun­ dation grant number EAR - 8212407 awarded to my advisor, Barun K. Sen Gupta. The Geology Department at L.S.U. pro­ vided financial support during my tenure as a graduate student, in the form of teaching and research assistant- ships. I received an ARCO Foundation Fellowship, and the Hugh McKee Fellowship in Micropaleontology while at L.S.U. Both Fellowships made it possible to continue my studies. Additionally, Hugh and Ann McKee of New Orleans were very helpful and supportive of all of my graduate wor k. Field work in Costa Rica relating to this study was greatly aided by Juan Luis Mata and Luis Alejandro of San Jose, Costa Rica, both of whom acted as guides and kept me out of trouble. The Mata-Greenwood family of Moravia, and the Malavassi family of Coronado, extended to me a hospi­ tality for which I am very grateful. Alvin Phillips and Earl Manning, both of the L.S.U. Museum of Geoscience, were helpful in foraminiferal identification and paleoecology. Ed Picou and Blake MeNeel y (retired) of Shell Offshore in New Orleans provided assistance in identification of planktonic foraminifera. i i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Lewis Nichols of the L.S.U. Geology Department was helpful in many aspects of this study. My committee members deserve thanks for their help in getting the manuscript into as good as shape as possible. Paul Aharon and Barun Sen Gupta were also of great help in field work in Costa Rica. My wife, Nam Eng, is deserving of thanks for putting up with all of this for 4 1/2 years, and supporting the family. Special thanks are due two people. First of all, my fellow graduate student Bill McKee (graduated ahead of me) provided help in the field, in the lab, and everywhere else. His study of the Tertiary foraminifera of Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica was going on at the same time as this work.Secondly, Professor Enrique Malavassi (retired) of the University of Costa Rica in San Jose, helped organize field work, locate outcrops, and provided direction to the inquiry. Without Bill and Enrique, and Barun Sen Gupta, this study would not have happened and I would still be sitting on rigs in the Persian Gulf thinking I knew all the geology that was worth knowing. Ill Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS P a g e ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................... i i LIST OF TABLES ........................................ viii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................... ix ABSTRACT .............................................. xix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .............................. 1 Scope of Study ...................................... 1 Methods of Study ................... .......... 2 Geologic and Plate Tectonic Setting ............... 5 Sedimentation in the Pacific Realm ................. 8 Sedimentation in the Caribbean Realm - Limon Basin. 10 Previous work in the Liman Basin ............... 14 CHAPTER 2 STRATIGRAPHY .............................. 16 Out 1 i ne ................... - ............ 16 Lithostratigraphy ................................... 18 1) Uscari Formation .............................. 18 a. Quebrada Uscari Type Section ............... 22 b. Rio Reventazon Section ...................... 22 c. Quebrada Terciopelo Reference Section ..... 23 2) Rio Banano Formation .......................... 26 3) Moin Formation ................................ 27 Biostratigraphy...... .............................. 30 1) Uscari Formation .................. ........... 30 a. Quebrada Uscari Type Section ............... 30 b. Rio Reventazon Section .............. 31 1 V Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. P a g e c. Quebrada Terciopelo Reference Section ...... 31 d. Rio Quito Area .............................. 33 2) Rio Banano Formation..... ........... ........ 33 a. Rio Banano Section .......................... 33 b. Quebrada Terciopelo Rio Banano Formation.... 34 c. Recope Refinery Outcrop .................... 35 3) Moin Formation ................................ 35 4) Overlap of Biostratigraphic Indicators ...... 36 CHAPTER 3 SPECIES OF FORAMINIFERA .................. 39 CHAPTER 4 MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS ............... 121 Factor Analysis ................. 121 1) Preliminary Comments .......................... 121 2) Uscari Formation ................. 128 3) Rio Banano Sandstones ......................... 130 4) Moin Formation ...................... 130 Cluster Analysis ................................... 131 1) Preliminary Comments ................... 131 2) Application ................................... 132 CHAPTER 5 RELATIVE ABUNDANCE
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