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Of Triloculina Laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, Generic and Specific Attribution

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Of Triloculina Laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, Generic and Specific Attribution Carnets Geol. 19 (3) E-ISSN 1634-0744 DOI 10.4267/2042/69756 The "avatars" of Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, generic and specific attribution Armelle POIGNANT 1 Abstract: The purpose of this study is to clarify the problem posed by Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, nom. nud., described and figured by FORNASINI in 1905. An other species, also called Triloculina laevigata was created by BORNEMANN in 1855 and ORBIGNY's specific name became invalid. This invalidi- ty was only recently assessed and numerous authors still use the original assignation. Consequently, it seems necessary to erect a new name. After listing the various names, revising the subgenus and ge- nera attributed to Triloculina laevigata, and comparing fossil and recent specimens, the name: Affine- trina alcidi LÉVY et al., 1992a, is confirmed. Key-words: • Foraminifera ; • systematics; • Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826; • subgenus Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) CHERIF, 1970; • genus Affinetrina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972; • genus Sinuloculina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972 Citation: POIGNANT A. (2018).- The "avatars" of Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, generic and speci- fic attribution.- Carnets Geol., Madrid, vol. 19, no. 3, p. 35-46. Résumé : Les "avatars" de Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, attribution générique et spé- cifique.- Ce travail a pour but de clarifier le problème posé par Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826, nom. nud., figurée et décrite par FORNASINI en 1905. Mais cette validation devient un homonyme se- condaire, en raison de la description par BORNEMANN en 1855 d'une autre Triloculina laevigata. Cette in- validation n'a été reconnue que tardivement et plusieurs auteurs récents utilisent encore l'appellation originelle. Après la révision du sous-genre et des genres attribués à Triloculina laevigata et la compa- raison entre les formes fossiles et actuelles, l'appellation Affinetrina alcidi LÉVY et al., 1992a, est confirmée. Mots-clefs : • Foraminifères ; • systématique ; • Triloculina laevigata ORBIGNY, 1826 ; • sous-genre Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) CHERIF, 1970 ; • genre Affinetrina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972 ; • genre Sinuloculina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972 1. Introduction description and figures. In 1905, FORNASINI gave a good illustration but in his description, he figured In 1826, ORBIGNY proposed a species name: a round aperture. Anyway, T. laevigata remains Triloculina laevigata in the "Tableau méthodique an homonym of BORNEMANN's species, described in de la classe des Céphalopodes (nº 15, p. 300)" 1855 and called Triloculina laevigata, but that is with only this location: "Habite la Méditerranée". in fact a Miliolinella. Moreover, TERQUEM (1878, This species was illustrated in the "Planches iné- 1882) made a bad interpretation of ORBIGNY's dites" with 3 drawings (both sides and aperture species, describing it with a round aperture. So, with a long and bifid tooth) and the legend: "fos- the subsequent authors have described 2 diffe- sile à Valognes (W France), Éocène". His col- rent species according to ORBIGNY (see §2.1) or lection housed in the Muséum National d'Histoire TERQUEM (see §2.2). In 1970, CHERIF erected a Naturelle (MNHN) and includes a slide new subgenus Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculi- (MNHN.F.FO631) containing only 3 damaged spe- na) laevigata for ORBIGNY's species. This subgenus cimens from Mediterranean. But the name "laevi- became a genus: Pseudotriloculina in LOEBLICH gata" remained invalid since it is without a 1 5, rue Léon Bloy, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses (France) [email protected] Published online in final form (pdf) on February 4, 2019 [Editor: Bruno GRANIER; language editor: Stephen EAGAR] 35 Carnets Geol. 19 (3) and TAPPAN, 1987, with a non valid type-species 1947 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, LYS and name! The result was a total imbroglio. SIGAL It seemed significant to study the synonymy They draw up some forms concerning the non- established by LOEBLICH and TAPPAN (1987) bet- published plates of ORBIGNY. Their 'index card' ween Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) CHERIF, (no. 977) reproduces the original drawing of T. 1970, and Sinuloculina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972, and al- laevigata. The provenance is: "Méditerranée, so the genus Affinetrina LUCZKOWSKA, 1972, since Belle-Île, et l'Océan Atlantique et Valognes T. laevigata has been referred to these 3 genera. (Manche), Castel-Arquato (Italie)". They indicate LUCZKOWSKA (1972) worked substancially on the that the type of the MNHN specimens comes from Miliolidae of the Miocene of Poland; she has out- Mediterranean. Unfortunately their work was not standingly studied the internal structure and published. measured the angles between chambers during 1952 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, BOGDANO- their ontogeny. VICH The aim of the present work is to bring out the This author figures two drawings of FORNASINI various opinions of the authors, discuss the diffe- (1905, Fig. 10 and 10a) and SCHLUMBERGER's rent generic attributions of ORBIGNY's species, and section (1893). confirm the identity of the fossil and Recent spe- 1958 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, J. and Y. cimens. LE CALVEZ (Pl. 6, figs. 63-64) 2. Historical background: They point out the presence of the species in Authors having cited the species the Bay of Villefranche, Mediterranean (their Fig. 62 shows a round aperture !). They consider that The main characters used by the authors is TERQUEM has misinterpreted T. laevigata and that the shape of the aperture and of the tooth. These his figures are not accurate. differences allow one to distinguish the two groups of authors: the first one chose the elonga- 1969 – Quinqueloculina laevigata (d'ORBIGNY), te aperture and tooth according to ORBIGNY (see BOGDANOVICH §2.1, the second one chose the round aperture The author studied the internal structure of and short tooth according to TERQUEM (see §2.2). some Triloculines (see further). 2.1) the elongate aperture and tooth accor- 1970 – Triloculina lecalvezae KAASSCHIETER, Y. LE ding to ORBIGNY CALVEZ (Pl. 1, fig. 3) Y. LE CALVEZ figures T. lecalvezae (p. 51-52, Pl. 1826 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, nom. nud. 7, fig. 1) in the Eocene of the Parisian Basin 1893 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, SCHLUM- (Chaussy), but it is not KAASSCHIETER's species. BERGER (Pl. 1, figs. 45-47) Her specimen has an elongated aperture, a long SCHLUMBERGER sees Mediterranean specimens. and bifid tooth, and is identical to ORBIGNY's spe- He shows 3 pictures of external morphology and cimen from Valognes. She reports it in several 2 sections of A and B organisms (p. 206, Figs. 9- Eocene localities of Parisian Basin (among them 10). His species is unquestionably that of the Eocene "falunière" of Grignon, Yvelines, ORBIGNY: elongated aperture with a long tooth. He western Parisian Basin) where the present author gives a short description of it. found specimens (see Pl. 1, figs. 8-9), as well as 1905 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, FORNASINI in the Oligocene. The figures of Y. LE CALVEZ are (Pl. 1, fig. 10) the first since FORNASINI (1905) that exactly FORNASINI worked on the unpublished plates of shows the Eocene species of ORBIGNY, in spite of ORBIGNY. He reproduces ORBIGNY's drawings, which she refers them to TERQUEM (1878), al- clarifies the location of the species and its age, though earlier (J. et Y. LE CALVEZ, 1958) she con- and gives a description: "T testa oblonga, sidered that TERQUEM had misinterpreted T. laevi- laevigata, antice truncata, postice et circiter gata (see below). rotundata, loculis elongatis, leniter arcuatis 1970 – Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) laevi- inflatis, suturis angustis, apertura rotundata, gata (d'ORBIGNY), CHERIF (Pl. 9, fig. 2; Pl. 21, fig. dente apice bifurcata instructa". This publication 2, fide SCHLUMBERGER) describes and figures T. laevigata for the first When studying the Miliolacea from the western time, giving the original drawing and a coast of Naxos, CHERIF erected the subgenus description (not quite accurate since the aperture Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) with T. laevi- is not round, but elongated). gata ORBIGNY fide SCHLUMBERGER (1893) as type- 1927–1928 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, species. His figures do not differ from SCHLUMBER- CUSHMAN GER and it is likely the same species. Diagnosis of CUSHMAN (1927, p. 32; 1928, p. 181), working the sub-genus and relative comments will be on the classification of foraminifers, reproduced treated further. the figures of SCHLUMBERGER (1893): the external 1973 – Quinqueloculina (Pseudotriloculina) laevi- view (3 sides) and the section of A form. No gata (d'ORBIGNY), CHERIF (Pl. 10, fig. 6; Pl. 14, fig. comments are made. 4, 10; Pl. 5, fig. 10) 36 Carnets Geol. 19 (3) CHERIF repeated the description of the sub-genus 1972 – Sinuloculina laevigata (d'ORBIGNY, 1878), with some new figures, but without any modi- LUCZKOWSKA (p. 365, no figure) fication. This genus will be examined further. It is ob- 1986 – Triloculina laevigata d'ORBIGNY, CABIOCH et vious that LUCZKOWSKA chose TERQUEM reference, al. (Pl. 3, fig. 3) as it is indicated by the date of validity of the These authors point out and figure T. laevigata species. in the Quaternary of fringing reefs in Southern 1987 – Pseudotriloculina lecalvezae (KAASSCHIE- New-Caledonia, but they give TERQUEM reference. TER), LOEBLICH and TAPPAN (p. 342-343, Pl. 352, 1992a – Affinetrina alcidi nom. nov. pro Triloculi- figs. 13-14) na laevigata d'ORBIGNY, 1826, LÉVY et al. (Pl. 4, In their treatise, LOEBLICH and TAPPAN raised to figs. 5-6) genus the CHERIF's subgenus Pseudotriloculina
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