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Biological Evaluation BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AND RELATED RECREATION MANAGEMENT ACTIONS FOR THE UPPER TELLICO OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE SYSTEM NANTAHALA NATIONAL FOREST TUSQUITEE RANGER DISTRICT CHEROKEE COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA Jason K. Farmer Fisheries Biologist, Nantahala National Forest Cheoah Ranger District 1070 Massey Branch Road Robbinsville, NC 28771 Upper Tellico OHV System Project 1 June 18, 2009 Biological Evaluation 1.0 Project Description 1.1 Alternative C Alternative C eliminates the OHV System. This alternative was developed to achieve a very low level of risk of sedimentation from the trail system and low long-term maintenance costs. Trails would be either converted for other use or closed and rehabilitated. The area remains completely open for foot travel. In this alternative: Trail 1 would be paved and kept open as a through route for highway legal vehicles; Most of Trail 2, all of Trail 6, and parts of Trails 4, 5, and 7 become forest roads for various uses; Portions of Trails 4, 5, and 6 would be open seasonally for public access Requires a Forest Plan amendment to de-list Tellico as one of the OHV trail systems. A trail by trail summary of this alternative is in the table below: ALTERNATIVE C: Trail # Trail Name and Action OHV Challenge Miles Areas on Trail as Proposed? 1 Tipton Creek – Same as Alternative B. 0 NA 2 Tipton Knob – Same as Alternative B 0 Closed 3 Bearpen – Close and Rehabilitate (decommission). Remove 0 NA culverts and bridges. Restore hydrology. Remove pressure treated material; leave native material. Seeding and mulching of bare soil. Minor recontouring to put fill slope back in road. Replant. 4 Fain Ford – From intersection with Trail 1 to intersection with 0 NA Trail 3 (2.63 miles), this portion would remain on the Forest Road System as a seasonally-open road available for resource management and public access. The road would be open to public access for up to four months each year, September-December. Improve and maintain for high- clearance 4WD highway-legal vehicles. Cancel Fain Ford Bridge. Close and rehabilitate (decommission) remainder of road similar to Trail 3. 5 Tellico River - Leave and fix portion through Rough Crossing 0 NA Bridge (1.01 mile). Construct turn-around across bridge and leave this section available for motorized access, fishing access, and resource management access. Implement a winter seasonal closure. Eliminate fish passage barriers for this section. Close and rehabilitate (decommission) remainder of road similar to Trail 3. 6 to 5 New Connector would not be built 0 NA connector 6 State Line Loop - Right-of-way prevents closeout. Gate. 0 NA Retain on the Forest Road System as a seasonally-open road (2.25 miles) available for resource management, private and public access. The road would be open to public access for up to four months each year, September-December. Improve and maintain for high-clearance 4WD highway-legal vehicles Improve existing turnaround at intersection with Trail 7. Upper Tellico OHV System Project 2 June 18, 2009 Biological Evaluation Decommission (close and rehabilitate) parking area. 7 Peckerwood Connector – A short section of 7 that connects 0 Closed Trail 6 to a closed road that provides access to private property would remain available to the private landowner. Gate. Minimally maintain and monitor. Close and rehabilitate (decommission) remainder of road similar to Trail 3. 8 Bob Creek – Close and rehabilitate (decommission). Remove 0 NA culverts and bridges. Restore hydrology. Remove pressure treated material; leave native material. Seeding and mulch bare soil. Minor recontouring to put fill slope back in road. Replant. 9 Mistletoe Connector - Same as Trail 8 0 Closed 10 Round Mountain – Same as Trail 8 0 Closed 10A Round Mountain Spur – Same as Trail 8 0 NA 11 Chestnut Mountain – Same as Trail 8 0 Closed 12 Hawk Knob – Close and rehabilitate (decommission). 0 Closed Intensive recontouring and intensive planting. The table below describes the plan amendment associated with Alternative C: Current Forest Plan Language New Forest Plan Language Pg. III-11: General Direction #5. Provide Pg. III-11: General Direction #5. Provide recreational riding opportunities for use by recreational riding opportunities for use by vehicles commonly classified as off-road vehicles commonly classified as off-road vehicles (ORV’s) on designated routes vehicles (ORV’s) on designated routes within established ORV areas. This within established ORV areas. This includes Upper Tellico, Brown Mountain, includes Brown Mountain and Wayehutta. and Wayehutta. Permit no cross-country Permit no cross-country travel in travel in Management Areas 1 through 18. Management Areas 1 through 18. 2.0 Aquatic Threatened, Endangered and Sensitive Species 2.1 Boundaries of Aquatic Analysis Areas The aquatic analysis area for this project consists of the entire Upper Tellico River watershed downstream to the confluence with Rough Ridge Creek. This includes those waters in the area of potential site-specific impacts on aquatic habitat and populations, and encompasses waters downstream that potentially could be impacted by project activities. Data for aquatic resources exist in two forms: general inventory and monitoring of forest resources and data provided by cooperating resource agencies from resources on or flowing through the forest. Both of these sources are accurate back to approximately 1980 and are used regularly in project analyses. Data collected prior to 1980 are used primarily as historical data. Additional information specifically addressing aquatic PETS species was obtained from NCWRC biologists, North Carolina Natural Heritage Program records, and US Fish and Wildlife Service biologists. Upper Tellico OHV System Project 3 June 18, 2009 Biological Evaluation 2.2 Species Evaluated and Rationale Information specifically addressing aquatic PETS species was obtained from North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) biologists, North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) records, US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) biologists, and Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) biologists. Proposed, endangered, and threatened species considered in this analysis are those included in the National Forests in North Carolina (TES) species list (January 2002). All PET species that might occur on the Nantahala National Forest were considered. Potentially affected species were identified from information on habitat relationships, element occurrence records of PET species as maintained by the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program and field data on the project area. 2.2.1 Previous Survey Information Upper Tellico River watershed trout populations were monitored from 1994-2006 by the NCWRC (Besler et al. 2007). In addition to the trout monitoring, the non-game fish community was also monitored during this period. The non-game fish community within the analysis area is greatly limited by the physical barriers located on the North Carolina portion of the Tellico River. Blacknose dace, creek chubs, and northern hogsuckers occupy a portion of the Tellico River downstream of the cascade on the Upper Tellico River. The North Carolina portion of the Tellico River is the uppermost reach of suitable habitat for these species. No suitable habitats exist for these species within the tributaries. No threatened, endangered, or sensitive fish were located during any of the trout monitoring efforts. The aquatic insect community within the Upper Tellico River watershed has been monitored since May 2007 by Western Carolina University. No sensitive aquatic macroinvertebrates were located during these surveys (Ferrell 2009). The upper Tellico River watershed does not provide habitat for the sensitive crayfish, Cambarus georgiae (Nature Serve 2009), nor does the upper Tellico River provide habitat for any freshwater mussels. The federally threatened species yellowfin madtom and spotfin chub, and the federally endangered species duskytail darter and smoky madtom have been reintroduced to the Tellico River near Mile 33 in Tennessee. These populations, listed as non-essential experimental populations by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are located approximately 15 river miles downstream of the aquatic analysis area. The Upper Tellico River and its tributaries are isolated from any downstream threatened, endangered, or sensitive aquatic species because numerous physical barriers are located within the Tellico River downstream of the North Carolina state line. Furthermore, any effects of the alternatives would dissipate prior to reaching these species or their habitats because numerous tributaries enter the Tellico River between the aquatic analysis area and the occupied habitats. 2.2.2 New Surveys or Inventories Conducted Upper Tellico OHV System Project 4 June 18, 2009 Biological Evaluation The need for additional surveys was considered using the 1989 Vegetation Management Standard for PETS Species Inventory, as interpreted by the Interim Guidance for National Forests in Texas (November 1, 2005). No additional surveys were deemed necessary for this project because previous surveys failed to yield any populations of, or potential habitats for, endangered, threatened or sensitive aquatic species in the immediate vicinity of the proposed project. 2.2.3 Species Undergoing Analysis for Effects Thirteen aquatic PETS species are either known to occur or may occur on the Nantahala National Forest. The North Carolina Natural Heritage Database was queried for occurrences of PETS species in Cherokee County.
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