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Spring 2016 Journal
JOURNALISSUE 100 | SPRING 2016 JOURNAL SPriNG 2016 ISSUE 100 3 Welcome Stuart Robertson, Director, Charles Rennie Mackintosh Society. 4 Mining for Information The Glasgow School of Art archives are being scrutinised to inform the restoration of the Mackintosh Building. 5 The Willow Tea Rooms Trust The latest updates on the Trust’s plans to restore this iconic building. 6 Mackintosh’s student career at Glasgow School of Art 4 Dr George Rawson, explores the career of Charles Rennie Mackintosh as a student at Glasgow School of Art. 14 Would George be proud? Elisabeth Viguie Culshaw provides an insight into the rebirth of George Walton’s Ault Wharrie. 20 Designing for industry – Mackintosh and textiles Richard Emerson examines Mackintosh’s success as a textile designer. 25 The Architect and the Dancer – part 2 Richard Emerson’s research continues to unearth more 14 information about Mackintosh’s last years. 27 From small acorns – Mackintosh in France 2003 to present Robin Crichton, Chair of L’Association Charles Rennie Mackintosh – the French affiliate of the Mackintosh Society takes a look back at his initiatives and achievements in the South of France. 30 Interview with Andy MacMillan The late Andy Macmillan on Mackintosh, the Society and studying at the Glasgow School of Art. 31 Obituaries 20 Tributes to Filippi Alison and Gareth Hoskins. Above right, top: © Stuart Robertson Front cover: Blue Heart Window, Middle: © John Cowie Queen’s Cross Church. Bottom: © New York Public Library Image: © Stuart Robertson digital collections 2 | CRM Society Journal 100 | Spring 2016 CHARLES RENNIE MACKINTOSH SOCIETY Welcome Mackintosh Queen’s Cross 870 Garscube Road, Glasgow, G20 7EL Since the last Journal the Society has made some great improvements to the facilities Tel: 0141 946 6600 at Mackintosh Queen’s Cross, thanks primarily to the funding from The Monument Trust Email: [email protected] and the Pilgrim Trust. -
Chinese Architecture China Has Maintained the Highest Degree of Cultural Continuity Across Its 4000 Years of Existence
Chinese Architecture China has maintained the highest degree of cultural continuity across its 4000 years of existence. Its architectural traditions were very stable until the 19th c. China’s strong central authority is reflected in the Great Wall and standard dimensions for construction. Since the Tang Dynasty (7th-10th c.), Chinese architecture has had a major influence on the architectural styles of Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. Neolithic Houses at Banpo, ca 2000 BCE These dwellings used readily available materials—wood, thatch, and earth— to provide shelter. A central hearth is also part of many houses. The rectangular houses were sunk a half story into the ground. The Great Wall of China, 221 BCE-1368 CE. 19-39’ in height and 16’ wide. Almost 4000 miles long. Begun in pieces by feudal lords, unified by the first Qin emperor and largely rebuilt and extended during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 CE) Originally the great wall was made with rammed earth but during the Ming Dynasty its height was raised and it was cased with bricks or stones. https://youtu.be/o9rSlYxJIIE 1;05 Deified Lao Tzu. 8th - 11th c. Taoism or Daoism is a Chinese mystical philosophy traditionally founded by Lao-tzu in the sixth century BCE. It seeks harmony of human action and the world through study of nature. It tends to emphasize effortless Garden of the Master of the action, "naturalness", simplicity Fishing Nets in Suzhou, 1140. and spontaneity. Renovated in 1785 Life is a series of natural and spontaneous changes. Don’t resist them – that only creates sorrow. -
The Spreading of Christianity and the Introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949)
Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid Programa de doctorado en Concervación y Restauración del Patrimonio Architectónico The Spreading of Christianity and the introduction of Modern Architecture in Shannxi, China (1840-1949) Christian churches and traditional Chinese architecture Author: Shan HUANG (Architect) Director: Antonio LOPERA (Doctor, Arquitecto) 2014 Tribunal nombrado por el Magfco. y Excmo. Sr. Rector de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, el día de de 20 . Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Vocal: Secretario: Suplente: Suplente: Realizado el acto de defensa y lectura de la Tesis el día de de 20 en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid. Calificación:………………………………. El PRESIDENTE LOS VOCALES EL SECRETARIO Index Index Abstract Resumen Introduction General Background........................................................................................... 1 A) Definition of the Concepts ................................................................ 3 B) Research Background........................................................................ 4 C) Significance and Objects of the Study .......................................... 6 D) Research Methodology ...................................................................... 8 CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Chinese traditional architecture 1.1 The concept of traditional Chinese architecture ......................... 13 1.2 Main characteristics of the traditional Chinese architecture .... 14 1.2.1 Wood was used as the main construction materials ........ 14 1.2.2 -
Observations on the Intended Reconstruction of the Parthenon on Calton Hill
Marc Fehlmann A Building from which Derived "All that is Good": Observations on the Intended Reconstruction of the Parthenon on Calton Hill Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 4, no. 3 (Autumn 2005) Citation: Marc Fehlmann, “A Building from which Derived ‘All that is Good’: Observations on the Intended Reconstruction of the Parthenon on Calton Hill,” Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 4, no. 3 (Autumn 2005), http://www.19thc-artworldwide.org/autumn05/207-a- building-from-which-derived-qall-that-is-goodq-observations-on-the-intended-reconstruction- of-the-parthenon-on-calton-hill. Published by: Association of Historians of Nineteenth-Century Art Notes: This PDF is provided for reference purposes only and may not contain all the functionality or features of the original, online publication. ©2005 Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide Fehlmann: A Building from which Derived "All that is Good" Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 4, no. 3 (Autumn 2005) A Building from which Derived "All that is Good": Observations on the Intended Reconstruction of the Parthenon on Calton Hill by Marc Fehlmann When, in 1971, the late Sir Nikolaus Pevsner mentioned the uncompleted National Monument at Edinburgh in his seminal work A History of Building Types, he noticed that it had "acquired a power to move which in its complete state it could not have had."[1] In spite of this "moving" quality, this building has as yet not garnered much attention within a wider scholarly debate. Designed by Charles Robert Cockerell in the 1820's on the summit of Calton Hill to house the mortal remains of those who had fallen in the Napoleonic Wars, it ended as an odd ruin with only part of the stylobate, twelve columns and their architrave at the West end completed in its Craigleith stone (fig. -
Lotus Bud Finial Asana Pose the Great Stupa at Sanchi Sakyamuni
Resources: https://www.britannica.com/techn ology/pagoda, http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/arti TITLE: Pagoda (replica) cles/i/iconography-of-the- ARTIST: Unknown buddha/, DATE: Unknown http://fsu.kanopystreaming.com/vi SIZE: Height: 3 ¾; Width: 2 ¼; Depth: 1 7/8 inches deo/great-stupa-sanchi, MEDIUM: Wood https://prezi.com/nzoahwiq3owv/t AQUISTION #: 88.1.7 odaiji-the-great-eastern-temple/, http://thekyotoproject.org/english/ ADDITIONAL WORKS BY THE ARTIST IN COLLECTION? pagodas/ YES _ NO_ UNKNOWN X Context In the third century BCE, Emperor Ashoka commissioned the first “Great Stupa” in Sanchi, India. A stupa is a large dome tomb that was created to house relics of the Buddha. The “Great Stupa” held the Buddha’s ashes and was constructed in three parts: a base, body, and decorative finial. The decorative finial is the crowning element located at the highest point of the stupa. Throughout many centuries the design of the stupa structure evolved from the rounded monument to the multi-storied structure now known as the pagoda. Constructed and adapted throughout East Asia, the common building materials consist of brick, wood, or stone. Pagodas also range in a variety of sizes. Some are towers with high reaching crowning pieces and others are short. Today any Pagoda is a pilgrimage site. The Great Stupa at Sanchi Sakyamuni Pagoda of Fogong Temple The wooden pagoda in Yingxian, China is the oldest tiered structure in the world. Built in 1056, the nine-story building is 67.31 meters high. With multiple pagoda structures located throughout the world, this was the first wooden structure completed under the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing Dynasties (1644-1912). -
The Political Symbolism of Chinese Timber Structure: a Historical Study of Official Construction in Yingzao-Fashi
The Political Symbolism of Chinese Timber Structure: a historical study of official construction in Yingzao-fashi Pengfei Ma A thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Built Environment 2020 Surname/Family Name : Ma Given Name/s : Pengfei Abbreviation for degree as give in the University calendar : PhD Faculty : Faculty of Built Environment School : School of Built Environment Thesis Title : The Political Symbolism of Chinese Timber Structure: a historical study of official construction in Yingzao-fashi Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This research presents a historical study of timber construction in the official building code Yingzao-fashi from the lens of politics. The longevity of Chinese civilisation is associated with the ephemeral but renewable timber structure of Chinese buildings. Such an enduring and stable tie, to a large extent, should be attributed to the adaptability of timber structures to the premodern Chinese political system. The inquiry and analysis of the research are structured into three key aspects — the impetus of Yingzao-fashi, official construction systems, the political symbolism of and literature associated with timber structure. The areas of inquiry are all centred on the research question: how did Chinese timber structure of different types serve premodern Chinese politics? First, Yingzhao-fashi has been studied by scholars mainly from a technical point of view, but it was a construction code designed to realise the agenda of political reform. Secondly, the main classifications of timber structures in Yingzao-fashi – diange and tingtang – possessed distinct construction methods of vertical massing and horizontal connection respectively. These two methods, emphasising different architectural elements, are identified as two construction systems created for royal family and officials: royal construction and government construction. -
George Washington Wilson (1823-1893)
George Washington Wilson (1823-1893) Photographically innovative and entrepreneurial in business, Wilson was the most notable, successful and prolific stereo-photographer in Scotland and perhaps the entire UK. Having trained in Edinburgh as an artist, he worked as a miniature portrait painter and art teacher in Aberdeen from 1848. He started experimenting with photography in 1852, probably realising that it could potentially supplant his previous profession. In a short-lived partnership with Hay, he first exhibited stereoviews in 1853 at the Aberdeen Mechanics' Institution. A commission to photograph the construction of Balmoral Castle in 1854-55 led to a long royal association. His photos were used in the form of engravings for Queen Victoria's popular book “My Highland Journal”. His best-selling carte-de-visite of her on a pony held by Brown (judiciously cropped to remove other superfluous retainers) fuelled the gossip surrounding this relationship. His portrait studio in Aberdeen provided steady cashflow and in 1857, to promote his studio, he produced a print grouping together famous Aberdonians, one of the earliest ever examples of a photo-collage. He soon recognised that stereoviews were the key to prosperity and by 1863 had a catalogue of over 400 views from all across the UK, selling them in a wide variety of outlets including railway kiosks and inside cathedrals. His artistic training helped him compose picturesque and beautiful images, but he was also an innovative technician, experimenting on improving photographic techniques, chemistry and apparatus, working closely with camera and lens manufacturers. He was among the very first to publish “instantaneous” views, ranging from a bustling Princes Street, Edinburgh to a charming view of children paddling in the sea, both dating from 1859. -
Royal-High-School-Letter.Pdf
Longmore House Salisbury Place Edinburgh By E-mail EH9 1SH Planning and Building Standards City of Edinburgh Council Direct Line: 0131 668 8089 Waverley Court Switchboard: 0131 668 8600 4 East Market Street [email protected] Edinburgh EH8 8BG Our ref: AMN/16/LA [email protected] Our Case ID: 201503563 Your ref: 15/03989/FUL & 15/03990/LBC & EIA-EDB053 30 September 2015 Dear Ms Parkes Town And Country Planning (Development Management Procedure) (Scotland) Regulations 2013 Proposed Calton Hill Hotel Development - Former Royal High School, 5-7 Regent Road, Edinburgh Thank you for your consultation which we received on 7 September. You have consulted us because you believe the development may affect: Setting of Category A Listed buildings: o Old Royal High School o St Andrew’s House o Regent Terrace o Burns’ Monument o Monuments on Calton Hill Setting of Scheduled Monuments: Holyrood Palace, Abbey and Gardens New Town Gardens – Historic Gardens/ Designed Landscape – Inventory Site (Calton Hill & Holyrood Palace Gardens & Regent Terrace Gardens) Outstanding Universal Value [‘OUV’] of Edinburgh Old and New Towns World Heritage Site [‘WHS’] In addition this letter responds to the associated Listed Building Consent application (15/03990/LBC) and the Environmental Statement (EIA-EDB053). We have previously objected to the planning permission affecting some of the above heritage assets because we do not consider it is possible to deliver a hotel of this scale on the site without unacceptable harm to the historic environment (our letter dated 17 September). This letter expands on that response and confirms both that we object to the planning application and that we cannot support the application for listed building consent. -
Must Visit Attractions in Edinburgh"
"Must Visit Attractions in Edinburgh" Gecreëerd door : Cityseeker 12 Locaties in uw favorieten Royal Mile "The Famous Scots Mile" The core of Edinburgh's historic Old Town, the Royal Mile begins at Edinburgh Castle, making its way down the volcanic hill to the Palace of Holyroodhouse. Along the way are numerous historic icons and modern- day attractions, hidden gems tucked away down narrow closes interlinked with stairways that lead to an underground maze of wonders. From the by liakada-web mysteries of the Real Mary King Close and the panoramic views afforded by the Camera Obscura to the Scottish Whiskey Experience and the Parliament Buildings, both old and new, the Royal Mile encompasses the heritage of Scotland in a single Scots mile. The Royal Mile is actually made up of four successive streets, namely, Castlehill, Lawnmarket, High Street and Cannongate, lined with restaurants and boutiques that offer regional specialties. Other attractions include the People's Story Museum, St. Giles Cathedral and the Museum of Childhood. A visit to Edinburgh is simply incomplete without a walk down the Royal Mile. +44 131 473 3666 (Tourist Information) edinburgh.org/discover/explore- Royal Mile, Edinburg areas/the-royal-mile/ Saint Giles' Cathedral "Ancient Scottish History & Architecture" An outstanding exemplar of Gothic architecture, this cathedral looms large above Edinburgh's Old Town, calling attention with its grand crown steeple. The church is steeped in a long and storied history that began nearly a millennia ago. Although there has been a church on this site since 1854, the earliest remains to be found in St Giles' Cathedral are four pillars by Carlos Delgado which date from about 1120. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Tracing A
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, IRVINE Tracing a Monument: Creating Spaces THESIS Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In Art History By Danielle Elizabeth Ortiz Thesis Committee Professor Margaret M. Miles Associate Professor Roland Betancourt Associate Professor Andromache Karanika 2019 ©2019 Danielle Elizabeth Ortiz Dedication To Mom and Dad, for your endless support and love ii Table of Contents Page List of Figures iv Acknowledgements v Abstract of Thesis vi Introduction 1 Background 2 The Interpretation of the Frieze 3 Confronting the Lysikrates Monument 5 Memorials in Scotland 8 The Monument in Religious Context: Scotland 10 The Lysikrates Monument in England 11 An English Attraction 13 The Monument in Religious Context: England 14 The Lysikrates Monument in America 15 An Altered Form 17 Memorials in America 19 A Miniature Monument 21 Greek Revival 22 Uses of Greek Revival in the United States 23 The Vandalized Monument 24 The Persistence of the Form of the Lysikrates Monument 25 Conclusion 26 Images 27 Bibliography 32 iii List of Figures Page Figure 1 Lysikrates Monument in Athens, Greece 27 Figure 2 Stuart and Revett, Monument of Lysikrates, engraving 27 Figure 3 Stuart and Revett, Frieze of Lysikrates Monument, engraving 27 Figure 4 Dugald Stewart Monument, Calton Hill, Scotland 28 Figure 5 Robert Burns Monument, Calton Hill, Scotland 28 Figure 6 North Kirk Tower, Aberdeen, Scotland 28 Figure 7 St. Giles Church, Elgin, Scotland 28 Figure 8 Lysikrates Replica at the Gardens of Shugborough, Staffordshire, 29 England Figure 9 Charles Talbot (Alton Towers) Monument, Staffordshire, England 29 Figure 10 St. -
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} 100 Mooiste Schatten Van China by Wang Zhen the Song (960–1279), Liao (907–1125), and Jin (1115–1234) Dynasties
Read Ebook {PDF EPUB} 100 mooiste schatten van China by Wang Zhen The Song (960–1279), Liao (907–1125), and Jin (1115–1234) dynasties. The Song capital, Bianliang or Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng), grew to be a great city, only to be burned by Juchen Tatars in 1127, just after the work was completed. Nothing survives today, but some idea of the architecture of the city is suggested by a remarkably realistic hand scroll, Going up the River at Qingming Festival Time , painted by the 12th-century court artist Zhang Zeduan (whether painted before or after the sacking is uncertain). From contemporary accounts, Bianjing was a city of towers, the tallest being a pagoda 110 metres (360 feet) high, built in 989 by the architect Yu Hao to house a relic of the Indian emperor Ashoka. Palaces and temples were at first designed in the Tang tradition, sturdy and relatively simple in detail though smaller in scale. The plan and grouping of the elements, however, became progressively more complex; temple halls were often built in two or three stories, and structural detail became more elaborate. The style of the 10th century is exemplified in the Guanyin Hall of the Dule Temple at Jixian, Hebei province, built in 984 in Liao territory. A two- story structure with a mezzanine that projects to an outer balcony, the hall is effectively constructed of three tiers of supporting brackets. It houses a 16-metre- (52-foot-) high, 11-headed clay sculpture of the bodhisattva Guanyin, the largest of its kind in China, placed majestically beneath a central canopy. -
Scottish Ecological Design Association
© Scottish Ecological Design Association - www.seda.uk.net - The Scottish Ecological Design Association is a registered charity: SC020799 Designed by dotrun.co.uk S START WAVERLY STATION Start at Waverley Station and head up Waverley Steps to Princess Street, turn right and head up Calton Hill. 1 CALTON HILL Calton Hill is home the Scottish Government’s offices in St Andrew’s House on the steep southern slope of the hill – the Scottish Parliament Building and other notable buildings (Holyrood Palace) lying near the foot of the hill. The hill is also the location of several iconic monuments and buildings: the National Monument, the Nelson Monument, the Dugald Stewart Monument, the old Royal High School, the Robert Burns Monument, the Political Martyrs’ Monument and the City Observatory. The future of the derelict Old Royal High School is currently under debate. Rival proposals of a hotel by Hoskins Architects and a music school by Richard Murphy Architects have ignited fierce debate. Hopefully one of these proposals will give this impressive building a new lease of life. Collective Architecture has undertaken conservation work on the dome atop Calton Hill, enabling the structure to be opened to the public once again for art exhibitions and performances. The A-listed building is currently home to Collective gallery. From the summit of Calton Hill on a clear day you can see the wind turbines in Fife, contributing to the high percentage of renewable energy generated in Scotland. Also visible is the Scottish Parliament which achieved a BREEAM ‘Excellent’ rating when it was opened. It is heated by a combined heat and power plant and has 40m2 of solar panels.