FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

APHILADELPHIA VOICE ...

ANATIONAL ASSET ...

AGLOBAL RESOURCE

THE YEAR IN REVIEW

AND

THE 2004 ANNUAL DINNER MISSION Founded in 1955, FPRI is devoted to bringing the insights of scholarship to bear on the development of policies that advance U.S. national interests. And we add perspective to events by fitting them into the larger historical and cultural context of international politics. WHO WE ARE The scholars of FPRI include a former aide to three U.S. secretaries of state, a Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, a former president of Swarthmore College (and a Bancroft Prize-winning historian), and a former staff member of the National Security Council. We count among our trustees a former Secretary of State, a former Undersecretary of Defense, and a former Secretary of the Navy, not to mention two university presidents emeritus, a foundation president, and several active or retired corporate CEOS. And we count among our extended network of scholars — especially, our Inter-University Study Groups — representatives of diverse disciplines, including political science, history, economics, law, management, religion, sociology, and psychology. WHAT WE DO We conduct research on pressing issues — the war on terrorism, conflicts in the Middle East, relations with China, Russia, and Japan — and we cover long-term questions, such as the roles of religion and ethnicity in international politics, or the nature of Western identity and its implications for the U.S. and the Atlantic Alliance. We publish a quarterly journal, Orbis, and a series of bulletins, both of which draw on the research findings of our scholars, our Inter-University Study Groups, our conferences, and our seminars. And, through our Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education, we educate the public and “teach the teachers.” In this way, we serve the community and the nation, the policymakers and the educators, Wall Street and Main Street. A VAST REACH Each week, FPRI transmits by email a succinct analysis of some critical international issue. These bulletins are emailed to some 25,000 key people in 85 countries directly, and reach thousands more indirectly by postings on the Internet. Frequently, they are reprinted in or quoted by newspapers around the world. Our scholars are also invited to testify on Capitol Hill, comment on national radio and television, and consult informally with U.S. government officials. DOES IT MATTER? It matters to the policymaker, who lacks the time to give serious reflection to long-term trends that will shape America’s choices abroad; it matters to the media, who miss the expertise to make sense of complex developments in foreign lands; it matters to the educator, who needs informed preparation to teach the next generation (and it matters to the students, who represent the next generation of American leadership); and it matters to the public, whose children may be sent off to war and whose taxes will pay the bills. As FPRI founder Robert Strausz-Hupe once said, “a nation should think before it acts,” and that is where FPRI makes its mark. THE 2004 ANNUAL DINNER

The Foreign Policy Research Institute has been one of the most effective organizations in America in addressing foreign policy concerns and the need to pursue wise and effective approaches to security and strengthening freedom. . . . My real hope is that all of you here tonight will become members of the Foreign Policy Research Institute so that you can take advantage of the many programs and projects of FPRI. Your membership and your participation is the lifeblood of helping FPRI to advance enlightened solutions to addressing genuine and sustainable security in the world as a whole. John M. Templeton, Jr. Dinner Chairman

1 The 2004 ANNUAL DINNER honoring and featuring a keynote by

JOHN F. LEHMAN

on

AMERICA AFTER 9/11

Tuesday, November 9, 2004 The Four Seasons Hotel One Logan Square • Philadelphia

2 HONORING JOHN F. LEHMAN

John Lehman is Chairman of J.F. Lehman & Company, a private equity investment firm. He is also Chairman of OAOT Technology Solutions, Director of Ball Corporation, Insurance Services Office, SDI Inc., and Racal Instruments, Inc., and a member of the Advisory Board of Paribas Affaires Industrielles. Dr. Lehman was formerly an investment banker with PaineWebber Inc. Prior to joining PaineWebber, he served for six years as Secretary of the Navy. He was President of Abington Corporation between 1977 and 1981. A 25-year veteran of the naval reserves, Dr. Lehman served as staff member to Dr. Henry Kissinger on the National Security Council, as delegate to the Force Reductions Negotiations in Vienna and as Deputy Director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. Dr. Lehman was a member of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (the “9/11 Commission”). Dr. Lehman holds a B.S. from St. Joseph’s University, a B.A. and M.A. from Cambridge University, and a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University. Dr. Lehman has written numerous books, including On Seas of Glory, Command of the Seas, and Making War. He serves as Chairman of the Princess Grace Foundation USA, a Director of OpSail Foundation, and as a member of the Board of Overseers of the School of Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania. A former staff member of FPRI, Dr. Lehman has been a Trustee of FPRI since 1993. From 1997 to 2002, Dr. Lehman co-chaired FPRI’s Defense Task Force with Harvey Sicherman. The Task Force conducted three major conferences on American vulnerabilities, culminating in the FPRI book America the Vulnerable: Our Military Problems and How To Fix Them.

3 PROGRAM

Welcoming Remarks - John M. Templeton, Jr. Performance by La Salle College High School Choir Report on FPRI - Harvey Sicherman

Dinner

Award to John F. Lehman – John H. Ball and Harvey Sicherman Keynote Address – John F. Lehman Closing Remarks - John M.Templeton, Jr.

Adjournment

Dinner Chairman: John M. Templeton, Jr. Chairs, Corporate Campaign: Barbara J. Gohn and J. Eric Greenwood Chair, Special Events Committee: Susan H. Goldberg

4 SPONSORS ($7,500 - $10,000)

BRUCE AND EILEEN HOOPER RICHARD B. LIEB JOHN M. TEMPLETON,JR.

PATRONS ($3,000 - $3,500)

1838 Investment Advisors, LP Dr. & Mrs. John Hillen Aqua Pennyslvania, Inc. Homeland Solutions, LLC Ashbridge Investment Management S.M. Jenkins & Co. John H. Ball RADM Thomas C. Lynch, USN (Ret.) Robert L. Byers The Newell Foundation Mr. & Mrs. H. Hudson Barton IV Gartmore Global Investors W.W. Keen Butcher Progressive Business Publications Cozen O'Connor Quaker Chemical Corporation Robert L. Freedman Rait Investment Trust J. Eric Greenwood The Savitz Organization Hamilton Family Foundation Edward M. Snider The Haverford Trust Company Prudent Management Associates Hill Solutions, LLC William H. Wurster Dr. & Mrs. John A. Herring

5 DINNER COMMITTEE Natalie & Benson Adams Mr. & Mrs. Donald E. Meads James Agger John F. Meigs John A. Baird, Jr. & Mrs. Dixie G. Wigton Mr. & Mrs. Martin Meyerson Dr. David Bangsberg & Ms. Kathleen Judge Andrew G. Miller, Esq. George J. Baxter I. Wistar Morris III Joseph M. Becker, M.D., M.S. John & Mary Mulhern Mr. Richard Berkman & Ms. Toni Seidl Charles Nemfakos Irvin J. Borowsky Edward & Marlene Panek Ted Bronson George F. Patterson John Carter Stu & Gini Peltz Cephalon, Inc. Drs. Howard & Foulie Perlmutter Geoffrey Duffine Elaine P. Piccolomini Mr. & Mrs. David Eisenhower Pitcairn Financial Group Conrad J. Fowler Marianne and Russell Raphaely Dr. Theodore Friend Eileen Rosenau Robert Galvin Jerry G. & Bernice Rubenstein Elizabeth H. Gemmill Richard S. Rueda Mordecai Gerson Thomas Ruth Rosalie & Irv Gerson Ann & Howard Sacks Nancy Gilboy Mr. & Mrs. Ralph S. Saul Susan & Woody Goldberg Patricia & Lionel Savadove Arthur (“Nick”) and Jan Goldman Samuel & Selma Savitz Mr. & Mrs. Richard W. Graham Edwin Seave & Reda Wallner William L. Grala Patricia & Stephen Segal Robert A. Griffiths, Esq. Judith & Murray Shusterman John C. & Chara C. Haas Douglas Simon, MD. Gen. Alexander M. Haig, Jr. John Smith, Esq. Luke Halinski Mr. & Mrs. Harry Hill Jed Snyder Joseph & Elizabeth Hill G.L. Spaeth Graham & Beth Humes VADM & Mrs. G.P. Steele Joseph John Janos, III, Esq. Terry & Anita Steen Jerome Kaplan, Esquire Brother René Sterner Jerome N. Kline, Esq. Mrs. George Strawbridge Barbara S.M. Kretchmar Jay H. Tolson Jack Lee Marvin & Addie Wachman Gerry Lenfest Hon. & Mrs. Thomas Watkins Murray S. Levin Sybil & Marvin Weiner Joseph H. Levine Mr. & Mrs. Robert G. Williams Shelly & Margelle Liss Richard E. Woosnam David Lucterhand Susan Yu Mr. & Mrs. A. Bruce Mainwaring Hon. Dov S. Zakheim Peter and Bonnie McCausland Joseph & Renee Zuritsky 6 7 Mason Crest Publishers would like to thank the FPRI for their role as Editorial Consultants for our award winning 25 volume series, Modern Middle East Nations designed for young adults. The praise for the series from the school and library trade magazines has been exceptional. The FPRI is currently working on Mason Crest's new series, The Growth and Influence of Islam in the Nations of Asia and Central Asia. This 17 volume series is projected to be published by April 2005. Among the consultants involved with Mason Crest projects are Arthur Schlesinger Jr., The Gallup Organization, Senator Edward M. Kennedy, and The Culinary Institute of America. The Philadelphia connection means the most to us.

Congratulations JOHN F. LEHMAN

Richard B. Lieb

8 John M. Templeton, Jr., M.D., Chairman, Let Freedom Ring, Inc, and Dr. Josephine Templeton Salute the Foreign Policy Research Institute For Promoting the Cause of Liberty Throughout the World

www.letfreedomring.com

9 The Trustees and Staff of FPRI warmly congratulate our Alumnus and Trustee John F. Lehman

Congratulations and Best Wishes to our Friend, John F. Lehman May you always have... “Fair Winds and Following Seas”! Susan and Woody Goldberg

1838 TaxSmart The CORE of your Tax-Efficient Portfolio

Find out how 1838 can diversify your High Net Worth, Institutional, or Retail account at www.1838.com

10 JOHN F. LEHMAN John Lehman, we all hold very dear, For the obvious reason that he started here. Back in those grim old days, Of the Soviet threat and Cold War ways. ‘Twas at FPRI that he acquired his shine, That took him to high places in the public line. Throughout the years we watched him do Great things at the NSC, Arms Control, and the Navy, too. Where 600 ships, only an idea and a thought, Until John Lehman his genius did wrought. Despite Congress, Pentagon, and the armchair set, And, of course, no thanks did he get. Here and now we mean to set that right, By acclaiming him this glorious night. For patriotism, wisdom, and a certain verve, In defending America, with courage and nerve. To tell the truth even if it stings, About 9/11; and to do the things, So that liberty may live and our people aspire, And thanks to him we hold our heads higher. So here we proclaim to all who would know, Henceforth John Lehman is a Senior Fellow!

On behalf of the Officers and Trustees of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, we do hereby appoint John Lehman, a Senior Fellow. Done this day, November 9, 2004 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– John H. Ball Chairman

–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Harvey Sicherman President

11 2004 ANNUAL REPORT

Ater September 11, 2001, the obvious question was whether the United States had the skill and persistence to defeat the terrorists, even if it meant taking on the states that helped or harbored them. The answer must be “yes” in the most egregious cases: both al-Qaeda in Afghanistan and Saddam’s Iraq were poster examples of violent action and violent ambition. But in the wake of those campaigns the job remains incomplete. Four areas demand movement: (1) reform of the military and intelligence to prosecute the war; (2) exploitation of U.S. military victories to win lasting change from the WMD states while reconciling allies; (3) stimulating beneficial political and economic change in the Middle East; and (4) creating at home a private-public partnership that protects vital facilities while a legal balance is established that protects security and liberty. These are big and lasting demands on the American people and their leadership. The War on Terrorism, like the Cold War, will test America’s capacity to persist until victory. Harvey Sicherman President, FPRI (from “Observations on the War,” FPRI E-Notes, March 12, 2004)

12 THORNTON D. HOOPER CHAIR ESTABLISHED BY MR. & MRS. BRUCE H. HOOPER In 2004, Mr. & Mrs. Bruce H. Hooper established the Thornton D. Hooper Chair, filled in 2004 by Harvey Sicherman and to be filled in 2005 by Walter A. McDougall. Under the grant, Dr. Sicherman is conducting a study of American Strategy and Dr. McDougall will work on the second volume of his trilogy on U.S. history. Throughout 2005, FPRI will sponsor the Thornton D. Hooper Lectures in American Strategy. American Strategy: Beyond Cheap Doves and Cheap Hawks Following the end of the Cold War, our nation grew complacent about its security, assuming that globalization would diminish conflict and require less investment in security. By the end of the 1990s, the Balkan crises set off the debate over humanitarian intervention, while al Qaeda metastasized without the American people being aware of it. The “cheap dove” approach overlooked American vulnerabilities. The other school, often identified as neo-conservative, sought to use U.S. power to remake the map in the name of democracy and free markets in order to secure America against looming threats, especially China which they sought to portray as the next Soviet Union. Originally contemptuous of George W. Bush’s cautious approach, they sprang into action after 9/11, culminating in the Iraqi democracy project to spearhead transformation of the Middle East. Their approach miscarried largely because they persuaded themselves that it could be done on the cheap. In light of the weaknesses of these two approaches, FPRI is at work on developing a realistic strategy that lays out the dangers, assesses strengths and weaknesses, negates enemy strength, and exploits their weaknesses while reducing our own. Harvey Sicherman (Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania) is President and Director of FPRI. He has extensive experience in writing, research, and analysis of U.S. foreign and national security policy, both in government and out. He served as Special Assistant to Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr. (1981-82) and as a member of the Policy Planning Staff of Secretary of State James A. Baker, III. Dr. Sicherman was also a consultant to Secretary of the Navy John F. Lehman, Jr. (1982-1987) and Secretary of State George Shultz (1988). He is author or editor of numerous books and articles, including America the Vulnerable: Our Military Problems and How To Fix Them, co-edited with John Lehman (2002), and appears regularly in the national media, including the PBS program NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. Walter A. McDougall (Ph.D., University of Chicago) is co-chair, with David Eisenhower, of FPRI’s History Institute for Teachers and co-chair, with James Kurth, of FPRI’s Center for the Study of America and the West. He is also the Alloy-Ansin Professor of International Relations at the University of Pennsylvania. His books include The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age (1986); Let the Sea Make a Noise: A History of the North Pacific from Magellan to MacArthur (1993); Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter with the World Since 1776 (1997); and Freedom Just Around the Corner: A New American History, 1585-1828 (2004). His book The Heavens and the Earth won a Pulitzer Prize. He is a veteran of the Vietnam War. 13 THE TEMPLETON LECTURE ON RELIGION AND WORLD AFFAIRS ESTABLISHED BY JOHN M. TEMPLETON, JR.

What role have the world's great religions played in international politics, and how might theology and spirituality influence the world of the 21st century? The Templeton Lecture was established to provide a public forum for the discussion of these questions. Essays based on these lectures are posted on www.fpri.org. 2004: Is Public Theology Necessary for Democracy? Max L. Stackhouse, Princeton Theological Seminary 2003: The New Jihad and Islamic Tradition John Kelsay, University of Florida 2002: The Dignity of Difference: Avoiding the Clash of Civilizations Jonathan Sacks, Chief Rabbi of the British Commonwealth 2001: The Sacred and the Profane: Judaism and International Relations Harvey Sicherman, President, FPRI 2000: Pope John Paul II and the Dynamics of History George Weigel, Ethics and Public Policy Center 1999: The Coming Transformation of the Muslim World Dale F. Eickelman, Dartmouth University 1998: Religion and Globalization James Kurth, Swarthmore College and FPRI 1997: Religion and Russia’s Future James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress 1996: Religion and Civic Virtue at Home and Abroad George Gallup, Jr., The Gallup Poll For related material, see the Spring 1992 issue of Orbis on Faith and Statecraft.

14 RESEARCH The Institute’s major research areas are described below.

CENTER ON TERRORISM, COUNTER- TERRORISM, AND HOMELAND SECURITY In the war on terrorism, the front is everywhere. American foreign policy cannot succeed unless it is backstopped by homeland security. Thanks to major bipartisan support from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 2003, FPRI launched a multifaceted program intended to improve our knowledge of the enemy, of our own capabilities to win the war on terrorism, and of our allies and friends. We believe that solutions developed here for the defense of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania may also have broader application to the rest of the nation, especially with respect to securing vital infrastructure. Chaired by Stephen Gale and Michael Radu, the Center focuses on identifying and analyzing sources of potential threats and managing the risks to the U.S. and our allies. To prosecute a war against 21st-century terrorists and those who help them, the United States and the rest of the civilized world must fully understand the structure and organization of the current international terrorist network and the ways in which public and private sector organizations can institute counter- terrorism measures. This means that the Center’s existing dossiers on terrorist groups must continue to be updated and supplemented with data on the types of counter-terrorism measures that have been successful in preventing and mitigating the effects of attacks. The core technical model developed by Center researchers is an integrated software model for the management of investments in security related to “low probability, high consequence” threats. The model is designed as a set of procedures, tools, and standards to assist organizations with the review and assessment of risks based on comprehensive threat and vulnerability assessment, the determination of risk mitigation strategies, and the evaluation of investments in security that realize optimal levels of effectiveness and efficiency. FPRI’s database on terrorists and terrorist groups includes information on leaders, backgrounds, beliefs, means of financial support, ties to organized crime, access to weapons of mass destruction, and vulnerabilities - not just those of the Islamic fundamentalist variety but also those of other organizations with international ties, such as the ETA in Spain, the FARC in Colombia, and the LTTE of Sri Lanka. 15 Stephen Gale (Ph.D., University of Michigan), a faculty member at the University of Pennsylvania, has conducted research on the creation and use of software systems for integrated security analysis, the development and analysis of security scenarios, and the application of negotiation models. He has undertaken assignments for Sandia and Los Alamos National Laboratories, the US Department of Energy, and a number of defense-related agencies. Michael Radu (Ph.D., Columbia University) has been following terrorist and insurgent groups for FPRI for twenty years. He has been quoted in the national media, including the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, Newsweek, and Associated Press, and in the international media as well. He has completed 11 studies under contract with various U.S. government agencies, testified on Capitol Hill, and conducted field research around the world. Other associates include Alberto Bolivar, Professor of Geopolitics at the Center of Advanced Military Studies (Lima, Peru); Patrick Duecy, former Director of the Joint Intelligence Task Force/Combating Terrorism, Department of Defense; Rensselaer W. Lee III, one of the nation’s leading experts on nuclear smuggling; Lawrence Husick, a patent attorney with extensive research experience in the areas of cyberterrorism and technology; William Malampy, a systems engineer with consulting experience in security planning for the private and public sectors; Tom Marks, a former intelligence officer who has frequented trouble spots all over the world; Marc Sageman, a former CIA case officer in Afghanistan and now a forensic psychiatrist; Stephen Salisbury, a consultant for the past twenty years on insurgencies and counter-insurgency in Latin America; Jack Tomarchio, a Colonel in the US Army Reserves, with extensive experience in the military as counsel based in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait during Operation Desert Storm; Edward Turzanski, with extensive experience in U.S. intelligence throughout the Middle East and Eastern Europe; and Gregory Montanaro, director of the Center, with experience in working with local government and law enforcement agencies.

“Al Qaeda . . . was not established solely to create terror. Rather, as the various fatwahs and communiqués demonstrate, al Qaeda was created to save Islam from the West and to open the way for a political and religious restructuring — and purification — of Islam. The language of al Qaeda has been consistent and clear on at least one point . . . the apostate ‘puppet regimes’ of dar al Islam must be eliminated and replaced with a unified pan-Islamic society that follows in all respects the word of the Prophet.” — “Observations on the ‘9/11 Commission Report’,” by Stephen Gale and Lawrence Husick, FPRI E-Notes, August 13, 2004

16 CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AMERICA AND THE WEST Today, the American identity is torn between those who favor a departure from the “Western culture” they see as no longer relevant or just, and those who argue that “the West”- its history and civilization - have something of value to give not only to our children but to the rest of the world. The outcome of this debate will influence not only American society but also our foreign policy - the way we approach other nations. Therefore, FPRI’s Center for the Study of America and the West has assembled a critical mass of historians and social scientists to illuminate the issues by exploring and explaining the various dimensions of Western civilization. This has become all the more important since September 11, as American society and values have come under attack. The Center conducts research and publishes original works, runs a Study Group, sponsors a History Institute for Teachers that serves high school teachers from around the country, and offers materials to many thousands more through e-mail contacts. Since its founding in 1997, the Center has established itself as an influential program that affects both the state of scholarly discourse and the teaching of history in the classroom. Three books have emerged from the Center’s work: Walter McDougall’s Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter with the World Since 1776 (Houghton Mifflin, 1997); David Gress’s From Plato to NATO: The Idea of the West and Its Critics (Free Press, 1998), and McDougall’s Freedom Just Around the Corner: A New American History, 585-1828 (HarperCollins, 2004). Three more are planned: Gress’s The Flickering Lamp: History, Education and American Culture (Encounter Books), and the next two volumes in McDougall’s trilogy on U.S. history. Twelve weekend-long history institutes for high school teachers have been conducted on such topics as “Teaching History: Why and How,” keynoted by Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Gordon Wood; “Teaching the Cold War,” “keynoted by John Lewis Gaddis, dean of Cold War historians; “Teaching Geography and Geopolitics,” keynoted by Jeremy Black, a renowned British military historian; and, in 2003, The American Encounter with Islam,” keynoted by Adam Garfinkle (now a speechwriter for Secretary of State Colin Powell). In 2004, the History Institute focused on America’s founding, held in conjunction with the release of McDougall’s history of the U.S. In February 2004, the Center hosted an international conference on the theme “Is There Still a West?” looking at the transformations of Europe and America

17 over the past three decades and the implications for the Atlantic Alliance. Former Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr., keynoted the conference. The work of the Center is conducted by a stellar team that includes Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Dr. Walter McDougall (Alloy-Ansin Professor of International Relations, University of Pennsylvania), who co-chairs our History Institute for Teachers with David Eisenhower; Dr. James Kurth (Claude Smith Professor of Political Science, Swarthmore College), who chairs our Study Group on America and the West; Dr. William Anthony Hay (Ph.D., University of Virginia), and Timothy Weaver (M.A., University of Pennsylvania).

“The war on terrorism continues to transform the way our servicemen and women train, organize, fight, and serve. It is therefore necessary to reallocate our forces across the globe to acknowledge and adjust to the geostrategic realities that have been emerging over the past decade. Shifting heavy mechanized forces out of Germany . . . is long overdue. … If we are to deny Al Qaeda and its kin their ability to establish the safe havens that put both our allies and us at risk, then we must be able to rapidly exploit the opportunities to destroy such command-and-control and training facilities. Moving toward a greater expeditionary posture offers the best solution to that problem.” — “Reform Overdue: The Geopolitics of American Redeployment,” by Michael Noonan, FPRI E-Notes, August 23, 2004

“On the economic side, the policies of market-oriented reform and opening to the outside world that Deng Xiaoping and his allies launched at the dawn of the post-Mao era have produced a level of development, sustained growth, and economic engagement with the outside world that few could have imagined a quarter-century ago….On the investment side, China has retained a nearly unrivaled share of the increasing global pool of foreign investment and allowed it to flow to a wider range of economic sectors. On the trade side, China’s export sector has become so formidable that international purchasers routinely refer to the “China price” as a standard that their suppliers must meet. . . . On the security side, China at the end of Jiang’s tenure is in a better position than it has been at any time since the middle kingdom’s encounter with the West began.”– “China After Jiang,” by Jacques deLisle, FPRI E-Notes, October 5, 2004

18 IS THERE STILL A WEST? An FPRI Conference February 12-13, 2004

Events since 9/11 have forced governments on both sides of the Atlantic into agonizing reappraisals of key relationships. Is it still useful for policymakers to rely on an underlying unity of “the West” while managing differences over issues such as Iraq? Or have divisions reached the point where the U.S. and various European states should make separate approaches to their security? What policy initiatives flow from the answers to these questions? To evaluate these issues, the Foreign Policy Research Institute assembled leading scholars from the U.S. and Europe at a two-day conference in Philadelphia, featuring a keynote address by former Secretary of State Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Keynote Address: Hon. Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Panel 1: RELIGION, CULTURE, AND THE WEST Chair: David Eisenhower, FPRI Senior Fellow Discussant: John O’Sullivan, Editor, The National Interest Papers: Jonathan Clark, Hall Distinguished Professor of History, University of Kansas • Daniel Mahoney, Assoc. Professor of Politics, Assumption College

Panel 2: IMMIGRATION, ASSIMILATION, AND THE WEST Chair: James Kurth, Co-Chair, FPRI Center for the Study of America and the West Discussant: James Hollifield, Arnold Professor of Political Economy, Southern Methodist University Papers: Zachary Shore, Research Fellow, Inst. of European Studies, University of California, Berkeley • Michael Radu, Co- Chair, FPRI Center on Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, and Homeland Security

Panel 3: WHAT KIND OF WESTERN ECONOMY? Chair: William Anthony Hay, Mississippi State University/FPRI Discussant: Bernard Munk, Director, FPRI, International Political Economy Program Papers: Harold James, Professor of Economics, Princeton University Stephen Schuker, William W. Corcoran Professor of History, University of Virginia

19 Panel 4: A WESTERN WAY OF WAR? Chair: Walter McDougall, Co-Chair, FPRI Center for the Study of America and the West Discussant: James Kurth, Swarthmore College/FPRI Papers: Jeremy Black, Prof. of History, Univ. of Exeter (Great Britain), and Senior Fellow, FPRI • Douglas Porch, Professor of National Security Affairs, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School

Panel 5: IS THERE A WESTERN SECURITY POLICY? CAN THERE BE ONE? Chair: Harvey Sicherman, FPRI Discussant: Barry F. Lowenkron, Deputy Director of Policy Planning, US Department of State Papers: Yves Boyer, Assistant Director, Fondation Pour La Recherche Stratégique (Paris) • Geoffrey Wawro, Professor of Strategic Studies, US Naval War College

THE ASIA PROGRAM FPRI’s Asia Program has established itself as a leading force in the United States, promoting debate and analysis of the many important developments in the region. Each year the program generally contains four elements: (1) research projects; (2) the Study Group on the U.S. and Asia; (3) an annual conference; and (4) educational programs for the general public and teachers. Jacques deLisle (J.D., Harvard University), Director of FPRI’s Asia Program and Professor of Law at the University of Pennsylvania, is working on four studies: (1) Taiwan’s international status, focusing on the connection between legal arguments and political strategy in Taiwan, the PRC, and the United States; (2) the implications of PRC and Taiwan accession to the WTO; (3) legal aspects of the PRC’s next wave of economic/legal reforms; and (4) post-reversion law and politics in Hong Kong. Other Senior Fellows include June Teufel Dreyer (University of Miami) working on the cross-strait military balance; Shelley Rigger (Davidson College) on domestic politics in Taiwan; Terry Cooke on cross- strait economic relations; Arthur Waldron (University of Pennsylvania) on Sino- Indian relations, Avery Goldstein (University of Pennsylvania) on China’s grand strategy; Theodore Friend (Chairman, Philadelphia Committee on Foreign Relations) on Southeast Asia, and Roy Kim (Drexel University) on security and economic developments on the Korean Peninsula. In 2004, FPRI’s Asia Program sponsored a conference in Shanghai on Global Security, cosponsored with the Shanghai Institute for International Studies and the New World Institute; a special issue of Orbis devoted to “Democratization in Greater 20 China,” based on an earlier conference with the Taipei Institute of International Studies; and a symposium on Taiwan’s presidential election. With major elections in several key countries in the region and in the U.S. in 2004, our January 2005 conference will examine how party politics will affect the foreign policies of the key polities in the region (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Hong Kong).

PROGRAM ON NATIONAL SECURITY The United States has maintained the best military in the world in terms of people and weaponry. Conventionally, the U.S. military remains without peer. Unfortunately, the conventional dominance demonstrated in the Persian Gulf War signaled to adversaries that symmetrical confrontations with the United States were at best foolhardy and, at worst, suicidal. Conflicts from Somalia to Haiti to the Balkans proved that adversaries, while not always successful, had indeed learned that asymmetrical strategies worked best against the American conventional juggernaut. No event has proven this more correct than Al Qaeda’s attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. As a consequence, the United States is confronted with an urgent conflict and clear enemy, defined as international terrorists and the countries that help them. That said, many questions remain unanswered in regards to American national security strategy. For instance: • What is the best military strategy for conducting the war against terrorism? • What forces and weapons platforms are necessary to undertake the current conflict while also hedging against other threats? • Are U.S. forces optimally organized or do they need to be “transformed” as so many have argued? • How must the United States use its forces to defend its homeland while also carrying out forward presence and operations abroad? FPRI’s Program on National Security is designed to answer these questions. On December 6, 2004, FPRI will convene a day-long conference on “The Future of the Reserves and the National Guard,” keynoted by Stephen Duncan, former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs and now Director, Institute of Homeland Security Studies, National Defense University. The program is headed by John Hillen, a former paratrooper and decorated combat veteran of the Gulf War, and a defense and intelligence expert who has published widely on all facets of national security and military affairs. He holds degrees from Duke University, King’s College London, and a doctorate from Oxford. In 1999 he was appointed by the Secretary of Defense to the bipartisan U.S. Commission on National Security/21st Century. A former commentator for MSNBC, he has made hundreds of appearances on CNN, NPR, BBC, and all the major television networks and programs. 21 Michael P. Noonan, Deputy Director of the program, is an emerging scholar of civil-military relations, the use of force, geostrategy, and strategic culture, and is currently at work on a book on geostrategy under contract with Ivan R Dee Publishers. Mr. Noonan has held a commission in the U.S. Army Reserve, where he has served in leadership and staff assignments with cavalry, logistics, and civil affairs units. Other associated scholars include Dr. Mackubin Thomas Owens, (Professor of Strategy, Naval War College) a retired, decorated Marine Corps officer and an expert on geostrategy and defense policy; and Chris Seiple (President, Institute for Global Engagement), a former Marine infantry officer and a recognized expert on asymmetrical threats.

THE FUTURE OF THE RESERVES AND NATIONAL GUARD An FPRI Conference • December 6, 2004

Panel 1: ABRAMS DOCTRINE AND THE TOTAL FORCE Paper: James Jay Carafano, Heritage Foundation Panelists: James Kitfield, National Journal Allan R. Millett, Ohio State University COL (ret.) Michael Doubler Panel 2: THE CITIZEN-SOLDIER: THE IDEAL AND RESERVE CULTURE Paper: Charles Moskos, Northwestern University Panelists: John Allen Williams, Loyola University Chicago Richard Kohn, University of North Carolina Ralph Peters Luncheon Keynote: Stephen Duncan, Former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs; Director, Institute of Homeland Security Studies, National Defense University Panel 3: RESERVE ROLES, MISSIONS, & ASSUMPTIONS Paper: Frank Hoffman, CETO/Marine Corps University Panelists: Richard Stark, Center for Strategic & International Studies LTC Antulio Echevarria, Ph.D., Army War College Jack Thomas Tormarchio, Homeland Solutions LLC PLENARY SESSION Panelists: James Jay Carafano, Heritage Foundation Charles Moskos, Northwestern University Frank Hoffman, CETO/Marine Corps University

22 THE STUDY OF ETHNIC CONFLICT Despite some successes, current methodologies of ethnic conflict resolution are distressingly limited in their results. There is a compelling need for developing new diagnostic models and tools. To this end, we have sponsored research, conferences, study groups, and lectures. The program is directed by Foulie Psalidas-Perlmutter, a clinical psychologist and an expert in conflict analysis and negotiations. She was a member of the faculty of the Graduate Center for Organizational Dynamics at the University of Pennsylvania, 1979-2000, and received her Ph.D. from the University of Athens, Greece.

INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY PROGRAM Directed by Bernard Munk, the International Political Economy Program examines issues where business and politics meet. It was launched in 2001 with a talk by New York Times columnist Tom Friedman on globalization, and then other talks by Robert Kaplan on what business leaders need to know about history and culture, and Ed Lincoln on the Japanese economy. In 2002, the program featured a half-day conference on “The American Energy Dilemma After 911,” and we have commenced a project on the economics of terrorism. FPRI Senior Fellow Bernard Munk (Ph.D., University of Chicago) is the Principal of Munk Advisory Services. He found and operated six different companies in international and domestic business active in Europe, the Far East, Central and South America, and Africa.

THINK TANKS AND CIVIL SOCIETIES For most of the 20th century, think tanks were centered in the U.S. and parts of Europe, and they were seen as organizations that could strengthen the democratic policymaking process. Starting in the mid-1970s, the number of think tanks multiplied, and, by the 1980s, think tanks were viewed as major catalysts of change in developing countries around the world. Think tanks are now established in countries as diverse as Germany, Bulgaria, Chile, India, Lebanon, Senegal, and Thailand. Currently, there are over 4500 independent and semi-independent think tanks in operation around the world, the majority of which have come into existence in the last ten to fifteen years. FPRI Senior Fellow James McGann (Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania) is building on his unique database of think tanks worldwide, assessing their overall impact on public policy across nations. His reports on FPRI’s website include: “Responding to 9/11: Are Think Tanks Thinking Outside the Box?” and “Scholars, Dollars, and Policy Advice.”

23 PUBLICATION www.fpri.org FPRI bulletins are circulated by email every week to over 25,000 key people in 85 countries, including many governmental officials (both in the U.S. and abroad), military personnel, journalists, scholars, and informed citizens. The weekly emails reach many thousands more indirectly by postings on a variety of websites, listservs, and online discussion groups. They are quoted or reprinted in newspapers around the world. Back issues are posted on FPRI’s website, which had over 100,000 visitors in 2004. Alan Luxenberg is general editor of the bulletins. The FPRI website also includes audio and video files of selected lectures. Selected bulletins are also mailed to members in our 4 regular mailings a year. In addition to E-Notes (disseminated exclusively by email), we publish Peacefacts (which monitors the Middle East), Watch on the West (which covers America and the West), and Footnotes (designed for educators).

E-NOTES (AND OTHER FPRI BULLETINS) IN 2004 FPRI Bulletins by Former U.S. Secretaries of State A Changed World, George P. Shultz, 3/22/2004 There Is a West, Alexander M. Haig, Jr., 2/2004

Remembrances and Commemorations President Nixon’s Historical Legacy, Walter A. McDougall, 8/2004 Meditations on a High Holy Day: The Fourth of July, Walter McDougall, 7/4/2004 Ronald Reagan Remembered, Harvey Sicherman, 6/10/2004 Fifteen Years After Tiananmen, Jacques deLisle, 6/4/2004 D-Day Remembered, David Eisenhower, 6/2005

Bulletins by FPRI Scholars and Associates Europe: A More or Less Perfect Union?, Timothy Weaver, 10/20/04 China After Jiang, Jacques deLisle, 10/5/2004 What Makes Alliances Tick? Dov S. Zakheim, 10/4/2004 The Largest Direct Presidential Election in World History: Gen. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Prevails in Indonesia, Theodore Friend, 9/27/2004 America and the West, James Kurth, 9/2004 Russia’s Problem: The Chechens or Islamic Terrorists?, Michael Radu, 9/3/2004 Reform Overdue: The Geopolitics of American Redeployment, Michael P. Noonan, 8/23/2004 24 Understanding Anti-Americanism, Barry Rubin, 8/20/2004 Observations on the “9/11 Commission Report,” Stephen Gale and Lawrence Husick, 8/13/2004 Democracy, Reform, and Military Suffocation in Indonesia: Theodore Friend, 7/16/2004 Saddam Circus Is Coming to Town: The Strange Story of Jacques Verges, Michael Radu, 4/14/2004 Implications of Terrorism in Uzbekistan, Chris Seiple, 4/12/2004 Freedom Just Around the Corner: An Excerpt, Walter A. McDougall, 4/5/2004 The News From Spain: Terror Works, Michael Radu, 3/16/2004 Observations on the War, Harvey Sicherman, 3/12/2004 Taiwan’s Referenda, Constitutional Reform and the Question of Taiwan’s International Status, Jacques deLisle, 2/6/2004 Terrorism Is Free Speech, Michael Radu, 2/10/2004 Heartland Geopolitics and the Case of Uzbekistan, Chris Seiple, 1/25/2004 (For additional essays by FPRI Senior Fellow Michael Radu, see his regular column at www.frontpagemagazine.com.)

Bulletins by FPRI Speakers Is Public Theology Necessary for Democracy?, Max L. Stackhouse, 11/04 The Five Stages of Anti-Americanism, Judy Colp Rubin, 9/4/2004 Four Surprises in Global Demography, Nicholas Eberstadt, 7/2004 The Strategic Balance in the Middle East: An Israeli Perspective, Efraim Inbar, 2/6/2004 America and the Middle East After Saddam, Kenneth M. Pollack, 1/2004

Bulletins by Guest Writers Democracy’s Prospects in Iraq, Eric Davis, 6/30/2004 Iraq: the Next Stage, Keith W. Mines, 6/28/2004 American Challenges in Post-Conflict Iraq, Christopher H. Varhola, 6/27/2004 Terrorism and the Battle for Homeland Security, Seth G. Jones, 5/21/2004

Conference Reports New Perspectives on the Genesis of the US: A History Institute for Teachers, Trudy Kuehner, 9/2004 The Aftermath of Taiwan’s Presidential Election, Jacques deLisle, 6/18/2004 Democracy and Its Limits in Greater China, Jacques deLisle, 5/27/2004 Is There Still a West?, William Anthony Hay, 5/2004

25 Testimony, Presentations, and other Reports on the Web by FPRI Scholars “Taiwan’s Referenda, Constitutional Reform and the Question of Taiwan’s International Status,” Testimony by Jacques deLisle to the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission hearing on Military Modernization and Cross-Strait Balance, 2/26/2004 “Property Rights Reform in China,” Presentation by Jacques deLisle to the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace conference on “The Future of Political Reform in China,” 1/26/2004 “Scholars, Dollars, and Policy Advice,” James G. McGann, 10/2004

Audio and Video from FPRI Events on www.fpri.org FPRI periodically makes recordings of lectures, forums, and other events available online in streaming formats and as file downloads. A selection of audio and video is available below. Your computer may require additional multimedia software in order to receive the streaming media.

Video Clips The Democratic Prospect in the Middle East, Harvey Sicherman, 10/19/2004 Situation Report #6 on the War on Terrorism, Michael Radu and Stephen Gale, 8/4/2004 The Origins of American Identity, Walter McDougall, 6/5/2004

Audio Clips Dov Zakehim, “What Makes Alliances Tick?”, 9/27/2004 Radio Interview with Jan Ting, 5/3/2004 Radio Interview with Walter McDougall, 4/28/2004 Radio Interview with Robert Kaplan, 4/27/2004 Lawrence Husick, “How Secure Are We, Really?” 2/11/2004

26 ORBIS, A JOURNAL OF WORLD AFFAIRS Orbis, FPRI’s quarterly journal of world affairs, was founded in 1957 as a forum for policymakers, scholars, and the informed public who sought an engaging, thought- provoking debate beyond the predictable, conventional journals of that time. Nearly half a century later, Orbis continues to offer informative, insightful, and lively discourse on the full range of topics relating to American foreign policy and national security, as well as in-depth analysis on important international developments. In Fall 2004, James Kurth, the Claude Smith Professor of Political Science at Swarthmore College, assumed the editorship of Orbis, succeeding David Eisenhower, who became co-chair of FPRI’s History Institute for Teachers. Trudy Kuehner is our invaluable Managing Editor. Fall 2004, Vol. 48, No. 4 AMERICA AND EUROPE In These Pages James Kurth Is There Still A West?: The Trajectory of a Category J.C.D. Clark Post-Democratic Cosmopolitans: The Second Wave of Liberal Internationalism Stanley Michalak Humanitarian Democracy and the Postpolitical Temptation Daniel J. Mahoney The Strange Death of European Marxism Paul Gottfried The ‘68er Regime in Germany Uwe Siemon-netto The Other Transatlantic Tie: The Hispanosphere Darrin M. McMahon Four Surprises in Global Demography Nicholas Eberstadt The Road to Global Empire Neta C. Crawford Competing Visions for the U.S. Military Laurent Guy D-Day Remembered: The Heroic Age of Allied Cooperation David Eisenhower Summer 2004, Vol. 48 No. 3 Has France Finally Said auf Wiedersehen to its German “Problem”? David G. Haglund German Forces in International Military Operations Klaus Becher Central Europe and the Baltic Littoral in NATO Andrew A. Michta

27 Central Europe and Iraq: Balance, Bandwagon, or Bridge? Matthew Rhodes Dangerous Democracy? American Internationalism and the Greater Near East, P. H. Liotta and James F. Miskel Turkey’s Multiple Paradoxes Mohammed Ayoob Don’t Take Canberra for Granted Michael Horowitz A Potential Vulnerability of Precision-Strike Warfare? John E. Peters The War on Terror and the Nonproliferation Regime Seema Gahlaut and Gary K. Bertsch Battling Narcoterrorism George Franco Yemen’s War on Terror Jonathan Schanzer Are Terrorists Really Rational? The Palestinian Example Max Abrahms The Transformation of U.S.- Taiwan Military Relations Fang Hsu-hsiung Spring 2004, Vol. 48 No. 2 DEMOCRATIZATION IN GREATER CHINA Introduction Jacques deLisle China’s New Leadership: A One-Year Assessment Joseph Fewsmith The Northeast Asian Regionalism Context Gilbert Rozman The Limits to China’s Growth June Teufel Dreyer How Would Democracy Change China? Arthur Waldron The Roman Catholic Church and Hong Kong’s Long March Toward Democracy Deborah A. Brown Democracy and Federalism in Greater China Tahirih V. Lee Taiwan’s Best-Case Democratization Shelley Rigger Taiwan’s Democratization and Cross-Strait Security Yuan-kang Wang ************************ At Last unto the Breach: The Logic of a U.S. Military Command in West Africa Adam M. Smith The United States in Southeast Asia: Deepening the Rut? Michael J. Montesano and Quek Ser Hwee The Implications of Missile Defense for Northeast Asia Amy L. Freedman and Robert C. Gray Radical Islam in the Maghreb Carlos Echeverría Jesús

28 Winter 2004, Vol. 48 No. 1 AMERICA’S ENCOUNTER WITH ISLAM Introduction Harvey Sicherman The Firanj Are Coming - Again Edward Peters The Western Encounter with Islam Jeremy Black The Mythic Foundations of Radical Islam John Calvert ************************ God Is Not Neutral: Religion and U.S. Foreign Policy after 9/11 Andrew J. Bacevich and Elizabeth H. Prodromou The Indian Ocean and the Second Nuclear Age Donald L. Berlin Iran and New Threats in the Persian Gulf and Middle East Steven Ekovich The Indian-Israeli Entente Efraim Inbar The Critical But Perilous Caucasus Kenneth Yalowitz and Svante E.Cornell Ukraine and Russia: An Evolving Marriage of Inconvenience Oles M. Smolansky The Politics of Japan’s WTO Strategies Saadia M. Pekkanen Thinking (Again) About Arms Control Paul Bracken

BOOKS BY FPRI SCHOLARS Freedom Just Around the Corner: A New American History, 1585-1828 by Walter A. McDougall (HarperCollins, 2004) “The creation of the United States of America is the central event of the past four hundred years,” declares Walter McDougall in his preface to Freedom Just Around the Corner. With this statement, McDougall begins a grand narrative rich with new details and insights about colonial and early national history. The volume is the first installment of a trilogy that will eventually bring the story of America up to the present day. “So original is McDougall’s approach that you can read any five pages of this book and feel that you are encountering the American story through fresh eyes.” — Michael Beschloss, Washington Post “McDougall offers an analysis that is at once original, comprehensive, compulsively readable, and … remarkably persuasive.” — James Nuechterlein, Commentary Magazine 29 “This unusual book . . . is the first of what will be a three-volume history of America. If this volume . . . is any indication of the promised whole, the trilogy may have a major impact on how we Americans understand ourselves.” — Gordon S. Wood, New York Times Book Review “The Pulitzer Prize-winning Walter A. McDougall has produced the first volume of a trilogy that promises to be the finest history of America in print.” — The Weekly Standard “A first-rate history, freshly told, with every promise of becoming a standard text.” — Kirkus Reviews “Freedom Just Around the Corner is history at the top of its game – not least because of the vigor and sparkle of McDougall’s prose.” — Lauren Winner, Newsday McDougall’s BookTalk at FPRI was broadcast on C-Span (visit www.cspan.org), and a video of his talk on “The Origins of American Identity” at FPRI’s History Institute for Teachers is posted on FPRI’s website www.fpri.org.

OTHER 2004 BOOKS BY FPRI SCHOLARS Northeast Asia’s Stunted Regionalism: Bilateral Distrust in the Shadow of Globalization, by Gilbert Rozman (Cambridge University Press, 2004) Understanding Terror Networks, by Marc Sageman (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004) Understanding Anti-Americanism, by Barry Rubin and Judy Colp Rubin (Oxford University Press, 2004) Recent Books Churchill and Strategic Dilemmas Before the World Wars Edited by John H. Maurer (Frank Cass, 2003) Indonesian Destinies, by Theodore Friend (Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2003) Where Did Social Studies Go Wrong? Edited by James Leming, Lucien Ellington (Wachman Fund Senior Fellow), and Kathleen Porter (Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, 2003) America the Vulnerable: Our Military Problems and How To Fix Them, edited by John F. Lehman and Harvey Sicherman (FPRI, January 2002) Dangerous Neighborhood: Contemporary Issues in Turkey’s Foreign Relations, edited by Michael S. Radu (Transaction Books, October 2002)

30 Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter with the World Since 1776, by Walter A. McDougall (Houghton Mifflin, 1997); The Arabic edition was published in 2002! Deterrence and Security in the 21st Century: China, Britain, France, and the Enduring Legacy of the Nuclear Revolution, by Avery Goldstein (Stanford University Press, 2000): The paperback edition was published in 2002. Forthcoming Books American Geostrategic Culture and the Future of Defense Transformation, by Michael Noonan (Ivan R. Dee Publishers) Azerbaijan, Gerald Robbins, Mason Crest Publishers, 2005 (Part of a 17-volume series for secondary school libraries on “The Growth and Influence of Islam in Asia and Central Asia) Bohemia’s Lost Legion: The Remarkable True Story of the Men Who Nearly Derailed the Russian Revolution, by Kevin McNamara (in progress) China Under the Fourth Generation Leadership, edited by Jacques deLisle (Director, FPRI Asia Program), Deborah Brown, and T.J. Cheng The Flickering Lamp: History, Education and American Culture in the 21st Century, by David Gress (Encounter Books) Ideas and Influence: Think Tanks, Politics, and Public Policy, by James McGann (Edward Elgar Publishers) Islamist Terrorism in Asia, by Michael Radu (Mason Crest Publishers, 2005) (Part of a 17-volume series of books on The Growth and Influence of Islam in Asia and Central Asia, for secondary school libaries) Is There Still a West?, edited by Harvey Sicherman and William Anthony Hay Know Thy Enemy: Collected Essays, by Michael Radu (Transaction Books, 2005) A New American Strategy, by Harvey Sicherman Power, Terror, and Religiosity: Modern Dynamics in Indonesia and the Philippines, edited by Theodore Friend (EDP) Religion and Ethnicity in International Affairs, edited by Foulie Psalidas-Perlmutter Rising to the Challenge: China’s Grand Strategy and International Security, by Avery Goldstein (Stanford University Press, 2005) The Whig Revival, 1808-1830, by William Anthony Hay (Palgrave) With Truth So Far Off: A New American History, 1829-1932, by Walter A. McDougall, (HarperCollins, in progress) In 2004: 39 Bulletins, 4 Issues of Orbis, 4 Books, and 15 Books-in-Progress 31 EDUCATION “My dream is that every teacher and student of history and geography, at the end of every block of instruction, can say proudly and knowledgeably, ‘I’ve done the map.’ Because that means they know who they are, where they are, and how to get where they want to go. That means they have had true education.” — Walter A. McDougall, Chairman, FPRI’s History Academy (in “You Can’t Argue with Geography,” Footnotes, September 2000, reprinted in American Educator, Spring 2001)

MARVIN WACHMAN FUND FOR INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION “Greater international awareness is essential if we are to compete in the global economy, promote responsible citizenship, or just become better human beings.” — Marvin Wachman In 1990, the Foreign Policy Research Institute established the Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education, a division of FPRI dedicated to improving international and civic literacy in the community and in the classroom. The Fund is named for FPRI’s former president (1983-1989), Marvin Wachman, who inaugurated the Institute’s program of international education in 1985 with the Inter-University Seminar on Foreign Affairs and then, at the express suggestion of the School District of Philadelphia, launched Global Classroom in 1988 to provide enrichment for high school teachers. Teaching the Teachers The Wachman Fund specializes in “teaching the teachers” by — (1) advancing teachers’ knowledge of world affairs; (2) aiding them in incorporating this knowledge in the classroom; and (3) encouraging a dialogue among pre-college educators, university scholars, students, and parents. We provide teachers with up-to-date information not covered by textbooks, in a format designed for easy use in the classroom. We offer historical context to current events, and scholarship at the cutting edge. Our program makes a unique impact here and around the country. Over the past 10 years, we have trained 400 teachers from over 30 states. Participants include many department heads and curriculum supervisors, as well as leaders of statewide history and social studies councils, giving our program an important “multiplier effect.” Moreover, the Wachman Fund regularly reaches teachers across the nation through Footnotes, a bulletin for educators that is mailed, faxed, and emailed. These bulletins are frequently reprinted in magazines and newspapers and posted 32 on the Internet. American Educator, the magazine of the American Federation of Teachers that reaches 800,000 teachers across the country, has reprinted our material on three separate occasions. The value of all this was perhaps best summed up by a teacher at the Shipley School, who said: “Your lectures take this high school teacher away from the trivia of quizzes, study halls and assignment sheets, up to the atmosphere of intellectual stimulation by professionals at the cutting edge of contemporary scholarship. There can be no substitute for such a tonic as this.” History Institute for Teachers In 1996, the Wachman Fund inaugurated a series of weekend history institutes, chaired by Pulitzer Prizewinning historian Walter McDougall. The History Institutes have been sponsored by the Annenberg Foundation, the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Mason Crest Publishers, the James and Agnes Kim Foundation, the Center for Global Partnership, and Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Fox.

A History of History Institutes The U.S. and the Idea of the West, keynoted by the nation’s pre-eminent world historian William McNeill, Prof. Emeritus, University of Chicago (June 1996) Two Hundred Years of American Foreign Policy, keynoted by Walter McDougall (October 1996) Teaching History: Why and How, keynoted by Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Gordon Wood, Brown University (May 1997) The Cold War Revisited, keynoted by John Lewis Gaddis (the dean of Cold War historians), Yale University (May 1998) Multiculturalism in World History, keynoted by William McNeill (May 1999) Teaching the Vietnam War, keynoted by George Herring, author of America’s Longest War (May 2000) Teaching World Religions, keynoted by Paul Griffiths (April 2001) Teaching Geography and Geopolitics, keynoted by Jeremy Black (April 2002) Teaching Japan, keynoted by Gilbert Rozman (October 2002) The American Encounter with Islam, keynoted by Adam Garfinkle (May 2003) The Genesis of the USA, keynoted by Gordon Wood (June 2004) A New Middle East?, keynoted by Robert D. Kaplan (October 2004) Understanding the Koreas (April 2005, forthcoming) Teaching 9/11 and the War on Terrorism (October 2005, forthcoming)

33 Special Activities • teach-ins at La Salle College High School, Wyndmoor, PA, for students from all over the Delaware Valley on 9/11 (2004) War on Terrorism (2001), Lessons of Vietnam (2001), U.S. Policy Toward Russia (1998), and U.S. Policy Toward China (1997). • a day-long conference for 100 teachers on “China: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow,” offering participants a special tour of the Franklin Institute’s exhibition on Ancient Chinese Arts and Crafts • a half-day conference on Ethnic Conflict, supported by Howard and Foulie Perlmutter • a series of lectures in cooperation with the School District of Philadelphia for Social Studies Department Heads and in-service programs for Wissahickon School District • lectures on the premises of Saint Hubert Catholic High School, Germantown Academy, and Cherry Hill High School West (occasionally, we’ve hosted entire classes from Lower Merion High School and Neshaminy High School) • internships for students at Akiba Hebrew Academy, The Shipley School, Olney High School, Germantown Academy, Bodine High School, St. Joseph’s Academy, Conestoga High School

Classic Essays by Walter McDougall, especially for Teachers (all on FPRI’s website www.fpri.org) “The Three Reasons We Teach History” “The Merits and Perils of Teaching about Other Cultures” “Teaching the Vietnam War” “You Can’t Argue with Geography

Educating the Public For the general public, FPRI also regularly sponsors a monthly lecture series, and offers additional programs (luncheon sponsor forums, breakfast briefings, post- lecture dinners) for higher level members of FPRI, not to mention impromptu briefings throughout the year in response to newsbreaking developments, Situation Reports on Terrorism (free and open to the public), and our popular “Summer School” (for Members only).

34 INTERNSHIPS: Educating the Next Generation One of FPRI’s achievements is the role we play in introducing the field of foreign policy analysis to young college (and sometimes high school) students who do internships here. Each year, we host more than a dozen interns from universities around the country. From time to time, we — along with the rest of the world — hear from them when they rise to prominence in the field. Douglas Feith, currently Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, is one such former intern. Interns serve as research, editorial, or administrative assistants; while they are not paid, they are invited to most of our seminars and lectures to enrich their experience, and a few have been asked to make presentations of their research. In 2004, Senior Fellow James McGann took a group of interns to Washington for a day of briefings at the State Department, Center for Strategic and International Studies, and the Johns Hopkins University. Former FPRI Senior Fellow Adam Garfinkle and current speechwriter to Secretary of State Colin Powell hosted the interns. Michael Noonan, deputy director of our National Security Program, manages the intern program. ************************ The Wachman Fund is headed by Alan Luxenberg, who enjoys twenty-seven years of programming experience at FPRI. He is aided by a team of educators including Paul Dickler, History Teacher at Neshaminy High School; Lucien Ellington, Professor of Education at the University of Tennessee; James Sanzare, a retired social studies teachers with thirty years of experience in the Philadelphia school system; George Wrangham, Head of the History Department at The Shipley School, Bryn Mawr, PA; and Jana Eaton, a social studies teacher at Unionville High School. FPRI thanks Barbara Sicherman, Jan Luxenberg, Miyano Horiuchi-Oka, and Megan Goss for their invaluable work on events, manuscripts, etc.

6 Major Conferences Over 50 Lectures, Seminars, and Briefings and Over 100 Media Appearances In 2004

35 FPRI EVENTS IN 2004 This year marks the fifth year in a row that the Annual Dinner has been sold out. We thank all who have participated in the Dinner.

SITUATION REPORTS ON THE WAR ON TERRORISM Sponsored by FPRI’s Center on Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, and Homeland Security, FPRI offers a “situation report” on the war on terrorism every two months, featuring the observations of the Center’s co-chairs, Drs. Stephen Gale and Michael Radu, plus other colleagues from FPRI. This series of briefings is offered as a public service (that is, they are free and open to the public). Following each briefing is a private luncheon exclusively for FPRI Fellows (members at the $500 level or above). Sitreps were held on: February 4, April 14, June 9, August 4, October 6, December 1

NAMED LECTURES April 26 CYNTHIA P. ROBINSON MEMORIAL LECTURE Robert D. Kaplan, contributing editor, The Atlantic Monthly, and Associate Scholar, FPRI. The Global Security Situation in 2010 September 27 ROBERT STRAUSZ-HUPÉ MEMORIAL LECTURE Hon. Dov S. Zakheim, Former Undersecretary of Defense What Makes Alliances Tick?

October 14 TEMPLETON LECTURE ON RELIGION AND WORLD AFFAIRS Max L. Stackhouse, Princeton Theological Seminary Is Public Theology Necessary for Democracy? November 29 ALVIN Z. RUBINSTEIN MEMORIAL LECTURE Shirin Tahir-Kheli, National Security Council Marina Ottaway, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Harvey Sicherman, FPRI Moderator: Sherwood Goldberg

36 BOOKTALKS January 20, 2004 INSIDE THE MIRAGE Thomas Lippman, Former Correspondent, Washington Post May 6 THE CHINESE WAY OF WAR Andrew Scobell, Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College May 13 FREEDOM JUST AROUND THE CORNER: A NEW AMERICAN HISTORY, 1585-1828 Walter A. McDougall , co-chair, FPRI History Institute for Teachers August 12 HATING AMERICA Barry Rubin, Senior Fellow, FPRI, and Director, Global Research Center in International Affairs October 6 UNDERSTANDING TERROR NETWORKS Marc Sageman, Senior Fellow, FPRI November 17 CHINA’S DEMOCRATIC FUTURE Bruce Gilley

SPONSOR FORUMS HOSTED BY PEPPER HAMILTON LLP This luncheon series for FPRI Sponsors (members at the $250 level) typically features an FPRI scholar just back from a trip abroad or a visiting scholar who is in town to make a separate presentation to an FPRI Study Group. January 29, 2004 The Strategic Balance in the Mideast Efraim Inbar, Director, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University March 19, 2004 Korea and Libya: Trip Report Hon. Curt Weldon and Roy U.T. Kim, Senior Fellow, FPRI

37 GLOBAL CLASSROOM SEMINARS FOR SCHOOL MEMBERS OF FPRI’S WACHMAN FUND February 5, 2004 US CHALLENGES IN EAST ASIA: ASIAN VALUES, GREAT POWER INTERESTS, AND RISING REGIONALISM Gilbert Rozman, Musgrave Professor of Sociology, Princeton University March 24, 2004 SEX, SPORTS, AND SCHOOLING: A HISTORY OF GROWING UP IN AMERICA Roger Lane, Dept. of History, Haverford College November 11 THE WAR ON TERRORISM Michael Radu, FPRI December 2 CRUSADER STATE, PROMISED LAND: AMERICA’S ENCOUNTER WITH THE WORLD SINCE 1776 Walter A. McDougall, Co-chair, FPRI History Institute for Teachers

EVENTS COSPONSORED BY OTHER ASSOCIATIONS February 11, 2004 CHESTER COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL How Secure Are We, Really? • Lawrence Husick, Senior Fellow, FPRI Center on Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, and Homeland Security February 15, 2004 PRINCETON COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS The War on Terrorism: An Assessment • Edward Turzanski, Senior Fellow, FPRI June 2, 2004 WEST POINT SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA D-Day Remembered • David Eisenhower, Senior Fellow, FPRI June 5, 2004 BROWN CLUB OF PHILADEPHIA The Origins of American Constitutionalism • Gordon Wood, Alva O Way University Professor, Brown University October 5, 2004 TURKISH-AMERICAN FRIENDSHIP SOCIETY OF THE U.S. Turkey Today - And Tomorrow • Gerald Robbins, Senior Fellow, FPRI November 8, 2004 LA SALLE COLLEGE HIGH SCHOOL America, The World, and 9/11 • John F. Lehman, for Delaware Valley high school students and faculty 38 INTER-UNIVERSITY STUDY GROUPS AT FPRI The Greater Philadelphia area is home to some 80 institutions of higher learning. To tap this extraordinary intellectual resource, FPRI has established a series of study groups, each of which includes 20 or so scholars representing diverse institutions and diverse disciplines. Each study group meets four to six times a year; a paper is presented for critique either by a member of the group or an outside scholar, and then published in Orbis (or comparable journal) and, in condensed form, as an FPRI E-Note. Each group is chaired by a distinguished scholar affiliated with FPRI. When space permits, we invite FPRI Fellows (members at the $1,000 level) to join us for seminar and dinner. Study Group on Asia Chaired by Jacques deLisle February 19 Tensions on the Korea Peninsula G. Cameron Hurst III, Director of Center for East Asian Studies, University of Pennsylvania and Senior Fellow, FPRI February 23 The Elections in Taiwan Thomas B. Lee, Director, Center for International Affairs and National Security, Tamkang University, and Associate Scholar, FPRI March 2 Political, Economic, and Legal Reform in China Cao Siyuan, President, Beijing Siyuan Research Center Study Group on America and the West Chaired by James Kurth March 29 Immigration and Its Impact: A Comparative International Perspective Steven Sailer May 3 The Generation of ’68 and the Evolution of Transatlantic Relations Uwe Siemon-Netto, Correspondent, UPI September 20 Post-Modern Cosmopolitans and The Second Wave of Liberal Internationalism Stanley Michalak, Professor of Political Science, Franklin and Marshall College, and Senior Fellow, FPRI December 13 Lessons of British Seapower for World Order Arthur Herman 39 SUMMER SCHOOL AT FPRI Just because it’s summer doesn’t mean the world stops. So each summer, FPRI sponsors a three-part series of briefings exclusively for members of FPRI. June 23 Briefing on Iraq Michael Rubin, American Enterprise Institute July 14 Legal Issues in the War against Terrorism Jan Ting, Senior Fellow, FPRI, and Professor of Law, Temple University August 4, 2004 Islamism in Europe; Assessment of the 9/11 Report Michael Radu and Stephen Gale, Co-Chairs, FPRI Center on Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, and Homeland Security

IMPROMPTU BRIEFINGS June 16 – Economic Reform in Kazakstan July 16 – Iraq Update Raz Rasool and Surood Ahmad Falih September 21 – Islam in the West Seminar with visiting British Parlimentarians (via IVC) Joseph Benton, Dominic Grieve, Mark Lazarowicz, Theresa May, Crhis Ruane, Joan Ryan, Richard Shepherd

UNION LEAGUE-FPRI SERIES In 2004, FPRI was pleased to inaugurate a new series in collaboration with the Union League of Philadelphia. September 21 The War on Terrorism: An Assessment Edward Turzanski, Senior Fellow, FPRI October 19 The Democratic Prospect in the Middle East Harvey Sicherman, President, FPRI November 3 Iraq and the Future of the Middle East Rachel Bronson, Director, Middle East Studies, Council on Foreign Relations

40 CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA February 12-13 – Is There Still a West? April 2 – Taiwan’s Presidential Election and Referendum June 5-6 – New Perspectives on the Genesis of the USA June 30-July 1 – Shanghai, China: Global Security Cosponsored by FPRI, the New World Institute, and the Shanghai Institute for International Studies October 16-17 – A New Middle East? December 6 – The Future of the Reserves and the National Guard

CONGREGATION ADATH JESHURUN - FPRI LECTURE SERIES January 19, 2004 The War on Terrorism Edward Turzanski, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Research Institute January 29 The Strategic Balance in the Mideast Efraim Inbar, Director, Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, Bar-Ilan University February 26, 2004 How Secure Are We, Really? Lawrence Husick, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Research Institute

MAIN LINE REFORM TEMPLE - FPRI LECTURE SERIES May 18, 2004 The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict: Where Is It Headed? Harvey Sicherman, President, FPRI October 13, 2004 How Secure Are We, Really? Lawrence Husick, Senior Fellow, Foreign Policy Research Institute

41 THE HISTORY INSTITUTE FOR TEACHERS Co-chaired by Pulitzer Prizewinning historian Walter McDougall and David Eisenhower, the History Institute for Teachers offers secondary school educators an opportunity to sharpen their knowledge of history and world politics. Each year, FPRI sponsors at least one weekend-long program for some 40 educators from around the country. We provide an intellectual feast, plus accommodations and meals at the Gregg Conference Center in Bryn Mawr. The program is entirely free for teachers (but not for FPRI!); indeed, teachers coming from a long distance are given a partial travel reimbursement and teachers producing curriculum based on the weekend experience are given a small stipend. Invariably, the teachers leave the weekend program feeling invigorated, refreshed, and ready to tackle in new ways the subjects they teach in their classrooms. In 2004, we sponsored a look at “The Genesis of the USA,” a theme which fit neatly with the new book by FPRI’s Walter McDougall (Freedom Just Around the Corner); we also sponsored a history institute on “ A New Middle East? The War on Terror and Its Regional Impact.”

New Perspectives on the Genesis of the USA A History Institute for Teachers June 5-6, 2004 COLONIAL ORIGINS OF AMERICAN IDENTITY Walter A. McDougall, Co-Chair, History Institute, FPRI, and Alloy-Ansin Professor of International Relations and History, University of Pennsylvania MIGRATION AND COLONIZATION IN BRITISH NORTH AMERICA Daniel K. Richter, Richard S. Dunn Director of the McNeil Center for Early American Studies and Professor of History, University of Pennsylvania LIBERTY AND RELIGION IN AMERICAN SOCIETY J.C.D. Clark, Hall Distinguished Prof. of British History, University of Kansas STRUGGLE FOR MASTERY IN NORTH AMERICA Jeremy Black, Prof. of History, University of Exeter; Senior Fellow, FPRI THE ORIGINS OF AMERICAN CONSTITUTIONALISM Gordon S. Wood, Alva O. Way University Professor, Brown University FOUNDATIONS, FOUNDATIONALISMS, FUNDAMENTALISMS: THINKING ABOUT AMERICAN HISTORY J.G.A. Pocock, Emeritus Professor of History, Johns Hopkins University

42 WHIGS VS. DEMOCRATS: COMPETING VISIONS OF AMERICAN POLITICS Allan C. Guelzo, Grace Ferguson Kea Professor of History, Eastern University CLASSROOM STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING U.S. HISTORY Moderated by Paul Dickler, AP US History Teacher, Neshaminy High School, and Senior Fellow, FPRI’s Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education

A New Middle East? The War on Terror and Its Regional Impact A History Institute for Teachers October 16-17, 2004 TEACHING THE MIDDLE EAST Moderated by Paul Dickler, History Teacher, Neshaminy High School, and Senior Fellow, FPRI’s Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education THE SACRED STATES AND THEIR PROSPECTS: SAUDI ARABIA, IRAN Michael Doran, Princeton University THE SECULAR STATES AND THEIR PROSPECTS: EGYPT, SYRIA, AND JORDAN Najib Ghadbian, University of Arkansas THE ROLE OF IRAQI DEMOCRACY IN BUILDING THE NEW MIDDLE EAST Eric Davis, Rutgers University THE NEXT MIDDLE EAST: HOW IRAQ WILL DETERMINE THE FUTURE OF IRAN, NORTH AFRICAN TERRORISTS, AND OTHER ISSUES Robert D. Kaplan, Contributing Editor, The Atlantic, and Associate Scholar, FPRI ECONOMICS, DEMOGRAPHY, AND OIL Bernard Munk, Foreign Policy Research Institute WOMEN’S ROLES, ISLAM, AND POLITICAL REFORM IN THE MIDDLE EAST Beth Baron, City University of New York U.S. POLICY AND THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT Harvey Sicherman, President, Foreign Policy Research Institute

43 SCHOOLS REPRESENTED AT OUR 2004 HISTORY INSTITUTES In 2004, 18 states and the District of Columbia were represented in our History Institutes for Teachers. Arkansas Arkansas School for Mathematics, Sciences, and the Arts, Hot Springs California Merrill F. West High School, Tracy Public Schools Oceanside Unified School District Webb Schools, Claremont Westridge School for Girls, Pasadena District of Columbia Lincoln Multicultural Middle School Delaware Padua Academy Florida Gulf Coast Community College Illinois Springfield High School Kentucky Magoffin County High School Morehead State University Massachusetts Academy Hill School, Springfield Lynnfield High School Missouri Notre Dame High School, St. Louis Thomas Jefferson Independent Day School, Joplin New Hampshire Fairgrounds Junior High School, Nashua New Mexico Albuquerque High School New Jersey Cherokee High School North, Marlton Cherry Hill High School East Columbia High School, Maplewood Dept. of Education, Trenton 44 East Brunswick Public Schools Eastern Camden County Regional School District, Voorhees Governor Livingston High School, Berkeley Heights Haddonfield Middle School Haddonfield Memorial High School’ Hunterdon Central Regional High School, Flemington Lawrenceville School Moorestown High School Paterson Public Schools Ridge High School, Basking Ridge South Brunswick High School, Monmouth Junction Viineland High School North New York Adelphi University Emma Willard School, Troy Francis Lewis High School, Fresh Meadows Poly Prep Country Day School, Brooklyn Rye County Day School UN International School, NYC Pennsylvania Academy of Notre Dame de Namur, Villanova American Academy, Bryn Mawr Community College of Philadelphia Council Rock High School, Newtown Delaware County Christian School, Newtown Square Episcopal Academy, Merion Immaculata University JR Masterman High School, Philadelphia Little Flower High School, Philadelphia Mastery Charter High School, Philadelphia Mercersburg Academy Neshaminy High School, Langhorne Robert E. Lamberton High School Shawmont School, Philadelphia Shipley School Unionville High School Valley Forge Military Academy College W.B. Saul High School of Agricultural Sciences, Philadelphia William Tennent High School, Warminster Rhode Island Wheeler School, Providence Tennessee Fulton High School, Knoxville School of Education, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga 45 Texas Arlington Independent School District Coppell High School Hays CISD Virginia Fairfax County Public Schools, Falls Church Northern Virginia Community College Oakton High School, Vienna Rockbridge County High School, Lexington Washington Oroville High School

MODERN MIDDLE EAST NATIONS A Book Series for High School Students (Junior & Senior) Mason Crest Publishers (www.masoncrest.com) (Editorial Consultant: FPRI) “Situated as it is between Africa, Europe, and the Far East, the Middle East has played a unique role in world history. Often described as the birthplace of religions and the cradle of civilizations, this region and its peoples have given humanity some of its most precious possessions. At the same time, the Middle East has had more than its share of conflicts. The area is strewn with the ruins of fortifications and the emeteries of combatants, not to speak of modern arsenals for war. Today, more than ever, Americans are aware that events in the Middle East can affect our security and prosperity. . . . Still it is fair to say that most Middle Eastern countries remain a mystery, their cultures and religions barely known, their peoples and politics confusing and strange.” “The purpose of this book series is to change that, to educate young readers in the basic facts about the 23 states and many peoples that make up the region. (For our purposes, the Middle East also includes the North African states linked by ethnicity, language, and religion to the Arabs, as well as Somalia and Mauritania, which are African but share the Muslim religion and are members of the Arab League.) A notable feature of the series is the integration of geography, demography, and history; economics and politics; culture and religion.” —Harvey Sicherman, President of the Foreign Policy Research Institute (from the Introduction to the Series) Modern Middle East Nations and Their Strategic Places in the World 25 Volume Set • Trim Size 7+ X 9+ • 112-128 Pages Full-Color • Library Bound • Ages 12 & up Hardcover Library Price: $25.95 / Hardcover Set Price $648.75 46 Each book includes color maps and about 40 color photographs. Each book also includes a chronology, a glossary of terms, a list of books for further reading as well as Internet resources for more information, and an index. Each of the books has been carefully reviewed by the scholars of the Foreign Policy Research Institute

Complete title list: __ 1-59084-505-6 Egypt __ 1-59084-513-7 The Palestinians __ 1-59084-509-9 Saudi Arabia __ 1-59084-515-3 Morocco __ 1-59084-507-2 Jordan __ 1-59084-506-4 Syria __ 1-59084-508-0 Iraq __ 1-59084-514-5 United Arab __ 1-59084-510-2 Kuwait Emirates __ 1-59084-518-8 Tunisia __ 1-59084-521-8 Yemen __ 1-59084-511-0 Lebanon __ 1-59084-526-9 Mauritania __ 1-59084-519-6 Sudan __ 1-59084-525-0 Djibouti __ 1-59084-517-X Oman __ 1-59084-528-5 Facts & Figures __ 1-59084-516-1 Algeria About the Middle __ 1-59084-552-8 Israel East __ 1-59084-551-X Iran __ 1-59084-504-8 Modern Middle __ 1-59084-522-6 Bahrain East and Their __ 1-59084-520-X Somalia Strategic Places in __ 1-59084-524-2 Turkey the World __ 1-59084-523-4 Qatar 25-volume set __ 1-59084-512-9 Libya

47 Forthcoming in 2005 THE GROWTH AND INFLUENCE OF ISLAM IN THE NATIONS OF ASIA AND CENTRAL ASIA A Book Series for High School Students (Junior & Senior) Mason Crest Publishers (www.masoncrest.com) (Editorial Consultant: FPRI) 17 Volume Set • Trim Size 7+ X 9+ • 112-128 Pages Full-Color • Library Bound • Ages 12 & up Hardcover Library Price: $25.95 / Hardcover Set Price $441.15 Each book includes color maps and about 40 color photographs. Each book also includes a chronology, a glossary of terms, a list of books for further reading as well as Internet resources for more information, and an index. Each of the books has been carefully reviewed by the scholars of the Foreign Policy Research Institute

Complete title list: __ 1-59084-879-9 Bangladesh __ 1-59084-884-5 Muslims in Russia __ 1-59084-880-9 Muslims in __ 1-59084-885-3 Tajikistan China __ 1-59084-834-9 Islamism and __ 1-59084-881-0 Muslims in Terrorist Groups India in Asia __ 1-59084-835-7 Indonesia __ 1-59084-886-1 Turkmenistan __ 1-59084-882-9 Kazakhstan __ 1-59084-836-5 Islam in Asia: __ 1-59084-837-3 The Kurds Facts and Figures __ 1-59084-887-X Uzbekistan __ 1-59084-832-2 The Growth and __ 1-59084-839-X Pakistan Influence of Islam __ 1-59084-878-0 Azerbaijan in the Nations of __ 1-59084-883-7 Kyrgyzstan Asia and Central __ 1-59084-838-1 Malaysia Asia, 17-volume set

Mason Crest Publishers, 370 Reed Road, Suite 302, Broomall, PA 19008 Fax 610 353 6860 • Email: [email protected] On the web: www.masoncrest.com

48 FPRI AT A GLANCE In each of our projects, we strive to address a vital issue of the day and do so in a way that speaks to multiple audiences. The research produced by the scholars takes the form of books and articles in professional journals that help shape the intellectual climate in which foreign policy is made. This work is also condensed into a form that, by electronic means, reaches a much larger group. We are thus able to reach a wide spectrum that includes policymakers and policy analysts, scholars, educators, the media, and interested citizens. — Harvey Sicherman, President, FPRI (Ph.D. in International Relations, University of Pennsylvania) Center on Terrorism, Counter-Terrorism, and Homeland Security Chaired by Stephen Gale (Ph.D. in Geography, University of Michigan) and Michael Radu (Ph.D. in International Relations, Columbia University). Center for the Study of America and the West Chaired by Walter A. McDougall (Ph.D. in History, University of Chicago) and James Kurth (Ph.D. in Political Science, Harvard University). The Asia Program Directed by Jacques deLisle (J.D., Harvard University) Program on National Security Directed by John Hillen (D. Phil., Oxford University) and Michael Noonan (M.A., Creighton University) The Ethnic Conflict Program Directed by Foulie Psalidas-Perlmutter (Ph.D., University of Athens, Greece) International Political Economy Program Directed by Bernard Munk (Ph.D. in Economics, University of Chicago) Think Tanks and Civil Societies Directed by James McGann (Ph.D. in Public and Urban Policy, University of Pennsylvania) History Institute for Teachers Chaired by David Eisenhower (Public Policy Fellow, University of Pennsylvania) and Walter A. McDougall (Ph.D. in History, University of Chicago) Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education Directed by Alan H. Luxenberg (M.A. in Diplomatic History, Temple University)

If you find merit in the activities reported in this booklet, we hope you will remember that FPRI is an independent, nonprofit organization (nonprofit with a vengeance!), and relies on public support. FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE A Catalyst for Ideas Since 1955 Founded in 1955, the Foreign Policy Research Institute is an independent, nonprofit organization devoted to advanced research and public education on international affairs. It brings the insights of scholarship to bear on the development of policies that advance U.S. national interests abroad. Its Marvin Wachman Fund for International Education sponsors public lectures and programs for high school teachers designed to promote understanding of America’s role in world affairs. FPRI publications include Orbis, a quarterly journal of world affairs, and E-Notes, a two-page bulletin disseminated weekly by e-mail; and other bulletins. The institute is headed by Harvey Sicherman, a former aide to three U.S. secretaries of state. OFFICERS AND BOARD OF TRUSTEES John H. Ball Bruce H. Hooper Harvey Sicherman Alan H. Luxenberg Chairman I. Wistar Morris III President Vice President Marvin Wachman Vice Chairmen Charles B. Grace John Gilray Christy Treasurer Chairman Emeritus S. Michael Alexander Kenneth D. Hill Frank N. Piasecki Vincent G. Bell, Jr. John Hillen J.G. Rubenstein W.W. Keen Butcher Tatnall Lea Hillman Richard S. Rueda Edward M. Dunham, Jr. Graham Humes Samuel J. Savitz Robert A. Fox Scott M. Jenkins Edward L. Snitzer Robert L. Freedman John F. Lehman John M. Templeton, Jr. Barbara J. Gohn David Lucterhand Bruce D. Wietlisbach Susan H. Goldberg Martin Meyerson Richard E. Woosnam J. Eric Greenwood Stephen S. Moody William H. Wurster Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Ronald J. Naples Dov S. Zakheim N. Peter Hamilton Paul C. O’Grady John A. Herring, M.D. Marshall W. Pagon

Foreign Policy Research Institute 1528 Walnut Street, Suite 610 Philadelphia, PA 19102-3684 Tel. 215-732-3774 • Fax 215-732-4401 E-Mail [email protected] • www.fpri.org