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Turkey's Nationalist Course: Implications for the U.S.-Turkish Strategic Partnership and the U.S. Army
TURKEY’S NATIONALIST COURSE Implications for the U.S.-Turkish Strategic Partnership and the U.S. Army Stephen J. Flanagan, F. Stephen Larrabee, Anika Binnendijk, Katherine Costello, Shira Efron, James Hoobler, Magdalena Kirchner, Jeffrey Martini, Alireza Nader, Peter A. Wilson C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2589 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0141-0 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2020 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: Rouhani, Putin, and Erdogan: Tolga Bozoglu/AP. Erdogan Stoltenberg: AP. Istanbul: Kivanc Turkalp/Getty Images/iStockphoto. Cover design by Rick Penn-Kraus Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. -
Tri-Valley Cultural Jews
Tri-Valley Cultural Jews: Your East Bay Secular Humanistic Jewish Community (925) 485-1049 Tri-ValleyCulturalJews.org [email protected] http://trivalleyculturaljews.wordpress.com/ Affiliated with the Congress of Secular Jewish Organizations "A Secular H Our mission statement: "A Secular Humanistic community serving those who identify with the Jewish People through family, culture and history, rather than through religion." Upcoming Events for November 2011 Wednesday, Nov. 2 – Planning meeting, 7:00 p.m. at 1817 Sinclair Drive, Pleasanton. All members welcome. Sunday, Nov. 6 and 20: Jewish Culture School 10:30 a.m. in Castro Valley. We are actively looking for new students, particularly those 10 and older. We have a 2-year Bar/Bat Mitzvah program that is now accepting students. If you know anyone who has kids the right age and who might be interested, please let them know about Jewish Culture School! Saturday, November 12 – 4 pm - Family Havdalah and movie night at the King’s home. Please come join us for challah, candle lighting, pizza and a movie. We are looking for a family friendly movie. This is a great event to come and meet some of the wonderful families with children in our community. Open to all; not just “families with children.” Mark Your Calendars December 4 - Jewish Culture School in Castro Valley. December 18 – Chanukah party! We will again be collecting gifts for a family that is being resettled by Jewish Family Services. If you’d like to be part of this lovely project, please let us know so we can get you a list of what’s needed. -
A Thesis Entitled Rogue State? the United States, Unilateralism, and the United Nations by Robert L. Macdonald Submitted As
A Thesis Entitled Rogue State? The United States, Unilateralism, and the United Nations By Robert L. MacDonald Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for The Master of Arts in History ________________________ Advisor: Diane Britton ________________________ Graduate School The University of Toledo August 2006 Copyright © 2006 This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. ii Acknowledgements This project could not have succeeded without the help, support, and encouragement of my family, friends, and professors during the past few years. I wish to thank Dr. Diane Britton for her commitment to be my advisor throughout this process and her open-mindedness in finding a link between her interests and research and the topic discussed in the following pages. I wish to thank Drs. Peter Linebaugh, Charles Beatty Medina, and Timothy Messer-Kruse for their willingness to serve as members of my committee and for their thoughtful questions and insightful commentary. I will keep their advice close at hand as I continue to develop my researching and writing skills. I wish to especially thank Dr. Ruth Herndon, who has served as a mentor during both my undergraduate and graduate years at the University of Toledo, for always seeing the best in my work while thoughtfully challenging me to do better. I wish also to thank all of the professors that I have worked with while at the University of Toledo, including of course William Longton, Michael Jakobson, Ron Lora, William O’Neal, Roger Ray, Charles Glaab, Robert Smith, and Alfred Cave. -
2004 Annual Report
FOREIGN POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE APHILADELPHIA VOICE ... ANATIONAL ASSET ... AGLOBAL RESOURCE THE YEAR IN REVIEW AND THE 2004 ANNUAL DINNER MISSION Founded in 1955, FPRI is devoted to bringing the insights of scholarship to bear on the development of policies that advance U.S. national interests. And we add perspective to events by fitting them into the larger historical and cultural context of international politics. WHO WE ARE The scholars of FPRI include a former aide to three U.S. secretaries of state, a Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, a former president of Swarthmore College (and a Bancroft Prize-winning historian), and a former staff member of the National Security Council. We count among our trustees a former Secretary of State, a former Undersecretary of Defense, and a former Secretary of the Navy, not to mention two university presidents emeritus, a foundation president, and several active or retired corporate CEOS. And we count among our extended network of scholars — especially, our Inter-University Study Groups — representatives of diverse disciplines, including political science, history, economics, law, management, religion, sociology, and psychology. WHAT WE DO We conduct research on pressing issues — the war on terrorism, conflicts in the Middle East, relations with China, Russia, and Japan — and we cover long-term questions, such as the roles of religion and ethnicity in international politics, or the nature of Western identity and its implications for the U.S. and the Atlantic Alliance. We publish a quarterly journal, Orbis, and a series of bulletins, both of which draw on the research findings of our scholars, our Inter-University Study Groups, our conferences, and our seminars. -
Asymmetric Strategies in the Middle East
Advanced Research and Assessment Group Middl e East Series 07/29 Defence Academy of the United Kingdom Asymmetric Strategies in the Middle East Dr A. Goodman Key Points * Iran, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan see the Greater Middle East as one theatre of geopolitical competition. They are not pursuing a theatre-by theatre strategy. At the same time, they see US regional strategy as being driven by developments in individual theatres of operation. * Iran has taken advantage of the political situations of Iraq, Afghanistan, Lebanon and Palestine to pursue a policy of compelling Washington make concessions to it in return for improvement of relations. * Saudi Arabia has been increasingly concerned about US support for the Iraqi government. For Saudi Arabia the key issue is containment of Iranian political power and reduction of Iranian influence across the region. * Arab states of the Middle East have become dependent on non-Arab powers Turkey, Iran, Israel and Pakistan for their own survival in the regional geopolitical competition. * Pakistan is emerging as a pivotal state in the region and its domestic stability and future geopolitical orientation are closely intertwined with the stability of the region. * Increasingly, Russia and China are exploiting this dynamic to further their own interests at the expense of the US. Neither power is willing to compartmentalize regional issues. Contents Challenging the adversary within its own frame of reference 2 Counter ideology and the inadequacy of the totalitarian model 3 Capability-driven strategies: ignoring politics and strategy 4 The threat matrix: Iran and regional insurgency 6 The pitfalls of co-optation as a strategy 9 System structure and strategy formulation in the geopolitical 10 competition Saudi strategy: hedging or omni-balancing? 12 Off shore balancing 13 Post-Islamism? 15 The threat of protracted warfare and the strategy of challenging 16 the adversary within its own frame of reference Early 21st century Eastern Question diplomacy 18 07/29 Asymmetric Strategies in the Middle East Dr A. -
Introduction: the Palestinian Refugee Problem As an Impediment to Peace
Notes Introduction: The Palestinian Refugee Problem as an Impediment to Peace 1. Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator on Palestine, Submitted to the Secretary-General for Transmission to the Members of the United Nations, General Assembly Official Records: Third Session Supplement No. 11, 16 September 1948, A/648. 2. United Nations General Assembly, 194 (III). Palestine: Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator, 11 December 1948, A/RES/194 (III). 3. M. Shertok to A. Eban, 15 July 1948, Tel.MH710, Yehoshua Freundlich (ed), Documents on the Foreign Policy of Israel (hereafter DFPI), Vol. 1, 14 May– 30 September 1948 (Jerusalem: Israel State Archives, 1982), p. 334. 4. Progress Report of the United Nations Mediator on Palestine, 16 September 1948, A/648; M. Shertok to Count Bernadotte (Tel Aviv), 1 August 1949, 93.03/94/11, DFPI, Vol. 1, pp. 441–4. 5. Ahmed Shukairy, ‘The Palestinian Refugees’, Excerpts from a Speech at the United Nations, 1958, in Walter Laqueur and Barry Rubin (eds), The Arab– Israeli Reader: A Documentary History of the Middle East Conflict (New York: Penguin, 1995), pp. 119–21. 6. Abba Eban, ‘The Refugee Problem’, Excerpts from a Speech, 17 Novem- ber 1958, in Laqueur and Rubin (eds), The Arab–Israeli Reader (New York: Penguin, 1995), p. 138. 7. Article V: Transitional Period and Permanent Status Negotiations, Israel– PLO Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements, 13 September 1993, in Laqueur and Rubin (eds), The Arab–Israeli Reader, pp. 599–601. 8. The proceedings and offers made at the Camp David Summit of 2000 have been much disputed by participants and scholars alike, especially over the question of Israel’s offer to the Palestinian Authority. -
Exploiting Cognition: Blame Game Narratives in the Israeli-Palestinian
The University of Chicago Exploiting Cognition: The Blame Game and Cognitive Biases in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict By Michael Behrman August 2021 A paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts degree in the Master of Arts program in the Committee on International Relations Faculty Advisor: Meir Elran Preceptor: Yubing Sheng Introduction The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been perpetuated, in some form or another, since around the time of the end of the first World War. During this time, the British gained control of portions of the former Ottoman Empire, including the strip of land that is now known as Israel and Palestine. This strip of land was contested by both Jews and local Arabs, and eventually the British pulled out of the region. The newly formed at the time United Nations offered a partition plan between the two groups. This UN resolution ultimately failed, leading into the Israeli war of independence, or ‘al-Nakba’, The Catastrophe as it is known by Palestinians. During this war, Israel was attacked by the surrounding Arab states, and ended the war with more land than it was offered in the partition plan. Since this event, Israel has had many wars over the last century with surrounding Arab states and Palestinian terror groups creating an ongoing conflict.1 One of the more recent wars between Israel and Palestinian terror groups was the 2014 Gaza War. On May 14, 2014, in the West Bank Town of Beitunia outside of Ramallah, two Palestinian teenagers, Nadeem Nawara and Mohammed Abu Daher, were killed and another, Muhammed Azzah, was wounded.2 These murders being perpetrated by Israeli forces was denied, but evidence of what became known as the Beitunia killings surfaced which found that Israeli border police were responsible.3 On June 11, it became public knowledge that Israeli forces were responsible for the deaths of the Palestinian teenagers. -
Michael Rubin
Michael Rubin Resident Scholar American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research 1789 Massachusetts Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20036 Phone 202.862.5851 E-mail [email protected] POSITIONS Resident Scholar. The American Enterprise Institute, 2004 – present. Senior Lecturer, Naval Postgraduate School, 2007– present. Contract Iran Analyst, Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, 2012– present Contributor, Washington Examiner, 2017 - present Contributor, Commentary Magazine, 2011 - 2017. Lecturer, Johns Hopkins University, 2010. International Election Observer, Bangladesh, 2008. Senior Editor, Middle East Quarterly, 2009 – present. Editor, Middle East Quarterly, 2004 – 2009. Political Adviser. Coalition Provisional Authority, Baghdad, Iraq, 2003-2004. Staff Adviser, Iran and Iraq. Office of the Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs), 2002- 2004. International Affairs Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, 2002-2003. Fellow. The Leonard Davis Institute for International Relations, Hebrew University. Jerusalem. 2001-2002. Editorial Board, Middle East Intelligence Bulletin, 2001-2002, 2004. Fellow. Carnegie Council on Ethics and International Affairs, 2000-2001. Assistant Editor, Iranian Studies, 1994 – 1997. EDUCATION Ph.D., History, Yale University, 1999. Dissertation: “The Making of Modern Iran, 1858-1909: Communications, Telegraph and Society” • Recipient, John Addison Porter Prize “for a work of scholarship in any field in which it is possible, through original effort, to gather and relate facts and/or principles and to make the product of general human interest.” M.A., History, Yale University, 1996. B.S., Biology and History (dual major), Yale University, 1994. BOOKS AND REPORTS Seven Pillars: What Really Causes Instability in the Middle East? (M. Rubin and Brian Katulis, eds.) AEI Press, 2019. Kurdistan Rising. AEI Press, 2016. Dancing with the Devil: The Promise and Perils of Engagement. -
Hearts and Minds: US Foreign Policy and Anti-Americanism in the Middle East an Analysis of Public Perceptions from 2002-2011
Wright State University CORE Scholar Browse all Theses and Dissertations Theses and Dissertations 2012 Hearts and Minds: US Foreign Policy and Anti-Americanism in the Middle East An Analysis of Public Perceptions from 2002-2011 Joshua I. Cummins Wright State University Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all Part of the International Relations Commons Repository Citation Cummins, Joshua I., "Hearts and Minds: US Foreign Policy and Anti-Americanism in the Middle East An Analysis of Public Perceptions from 2002-2011" (2012). Browse all Theses and Dissertations. 699. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/etd_all/699 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Browse all Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HEARTS AND MINDS: US FOREIGN POLICY AND ANTI-AMERICANISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC PERCEPTIONS FROM 2002-2011 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts By JOSHUA ISAAC CUMMINS B.A. History, Wright State University, 2010 2012 Wright State University WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES December 4, 2012 I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Joshua Cummins ENTITLED Hearts and Minds: US Foreign Policy and Anti-Americanism in the Middle East BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Arts. ______________________________ Vaughn Shannon, Ph.D. Thesis Director ______________________________ Laura M.