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Madagascar: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA)

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Madagascar: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) MMaaddaaggaassccaarr:: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Conducted in August - September 2005 Strengthening Emergency Needs Assessment Capacity (SENAC) 2 Madagascar: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Prepared by WFP Madagascar and Eric Kenefick, Regional VAM officer WFP Johannesburg Picture by Vera Mayer-WFP-Madagascar April, 2006 © World Food Programme, Vulnerability Analysis and Mapping Branch (ODAV) This study was prepared under the umbrella of the “Strengthening Emergency Needs Assessment Capacity” (SENAC) project. The SENAC project aims to reinforce WFP’s capacity to assess humanitarian needs in the food sector during emergencies and the immediate aftermath through accurate and impartial needs assessments. For any queries on this document or the SENAC project, please contact [email protected] or Gianluca Ferrera – WFP Madagascar [email protected] Maherisoa Rakotonirainy - WFP Madagascar [email protected] Eric Kenefick – WFP Johannesburg [email protected] Jan Delbaere – WFP HQ [email protected] For information on the VAM unit, please visit us at http://vam.wfp.org/ United Nations World Food Programme Headquarters: Via C.G. Viola 68, Parco de’ Medici, 00148, Rome, Italy This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. 3 4 Madagascar Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) Conducted in August - September 2005 5 Acknowledgements This report is the outcome of a collaborative process that began in July 2005 and would not have been possible without the contribution of many individuals and organisations. First and foremost, however, the World Food Programme (WFP) is grateful for the support of the Government of Madagascar —especially the local authorities and the Chefs de Région. Colleagues from UN system agencies and civil society organisations participating also provided insights and suggestions during the preparatory and implementation phases of the survey. In particular, thanks go to SIRSA/SAP, the EU, UNICEF, LINKAGES/USAID, the Nutrition Department of the Ministry of Health, the National Institute of Statistics, the ROR/UPP/PADR and the DSI/FIVIMS of the Ministry of Agriculture, the PNSAN of the Ministry of Education. In turn, and in large measure, the survey could never have been implemented without the dedicated participation and professionalism of WFP Madagascar, the VAM Officers Maherisoa Rakotonirainy and Vera Mayer, and all the CFSVA Team members - especially during the data collection phase. Special appreciation and thanks go to Oscar Sarroca and Gianluca Ferrera. Technical assistance during various stages of the process was provided by Eric Kenefick, Sylvie Montembault, Veronica Rammala, Patrick McKay, and Stein Vikan from the WFP Regional Bureau in Johannesburg, and from Livia Peiser (for the spatial analysis), Andrea Berardo (for his multivariate analysis and work with country team), Jan Delbaere and Cédric Charpentier from the VAM Unit in WFP Headquarters. A final token of appreciation goes to ECHO who provided the resources necessary to carry out such an effort and for which WFP is grateful. Krystyna Bednarska Country Director WFP Madagascar For questions or comments on the report please contact: Krystyna Bednarska, WFP Madagascar [email protected] Maherisoa Rakotonirainy, WFP Madagascar [email protected] Eric Kenefick, WFP Johannesburg [email protected] Sylvie Montembault, WFP Johannesburg [email protected] 6 Table of contents Executive Summary............................................................................................ 13 Background ..................................................................................................... 13 Coverage and methodology ................................................................................ 14 Summary findings............................................................................................. 14 Education ........................................................................................................ 15 Health and nutrition .......................................................................................... 15 Infrastructure................................................................................................... 16 Rural development............................................................................................ 16 Role of food aid ................................................................................................ 17 Part I - Background and Overview...................................................................... 19 Section 1.1 – Overview of national context ........................................................... 19 Section 1.2 – History......................................................................................... 19 Section 1.3 – Geography ................................................................................... 19 Section 1.4 – Population and ethnic groups .......................................................... 20 Section 1.5 – Poverty ........................................................................................ 20 Section 1.6 – Education ..................................................................................... 20 Section 1.7 – Infrastructure ............................................................................... 21 Section 1.8 – Health.......................................................................................... 21 Section 1.9 – Agriculture and land reform ............................................................ 21 Section 1.10 – WFP assistance............................................................................ 22 Part II – Objectives and Methodology ................................................................ 23 Section 2.1 – Objectives .................................................................................... 23 Section 2.2 – Methodology and data collection tools............................................... 23 Section 2.3 – Creating homogeneous district clusters............................................. 24 Section 2.4 – Sampling procedure ....................................................................... 28 Section 2.5 – Data collection .............................................................................. 29 Training and number of enumerator teams......................................................29 Dates ................................................................................................................29 Instruments.......................................................................................................29 Equipment........................................................................................................29 Section 2.6 - Data constraints and limitations ....................................................... 29 PART III – Community survey analysis .............................................................. 31 Section 3.1 - Community demographics ............................................................... 31 Section 3.2 - Migration and displacement ............................................................. 31 3.2.1 - Out-migration ...................................................................................... 31 3.2.2 - Immigration......................................................................................... 32 Section 3.3 - Infrastructure and access to community services ................................ 32 Section 3.4 – Quality of life ................................................................................ 33 Section 3.5 - Education...................................................................................... 33 Section 3.6 - Health .......................................................................................... 34 Section 3.7 - Livelihoods and economic activities................................................... 34 Section 3.8 - Shocks and Risks ........................................................................... 35 Section 3.9 - Food aid ....................................................................................... 36 Section 3.10 – Community facilities and associations ............................................. 36 Section 3.11 - The villagers’ development priorities ............................................... 36 Part IV – Household survey results by district cluster........................................ 39 Cluster 1 ......................................................................................................... 39 Cluster 2 ......................................................................................................... 42 Cluster 3 ......................................................................................................... 45 Cluster 4 ......................................................................................................... 48 Cluster 5 ......................................................................................................... 51 Cluster 6 ......................................................................................................... 54 Cluster 7 ......................................................................................................... 57 Cluster 8 ........................................................................................................
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