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HHaannssaarrdd STYLE FILE Note: Several grammar texts have been plundered to produce this manual. Hansard is indebted to their authors. March 14 2002 C O N T E N T S IF B7.1 to 7.2 Chapter A GENERAL PRINCIPLES “If” and “then” B7.1 STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES A1.1 “If”, “whether”, “when” B7.2 PROCEDURAL FRAMEWORK A2.1 INFINITIVES B8.1 EDITING A3.1 to A3.6 LOOSE PHRASEOLOGY B9.1 General A3.1 MAY, MIGHT B10.1 to B10.2 Consistency A3.2 Permission B10.1 Redundant words and phrases A3.3 Possibility B10.2 Sentence construction A3.4 MISRELATED PARTICIPLES B11.1 Grammar A3.5 NEGATIVES B12.1 to B12.2 Punctuation A3.6 NON-SENTENCES B13.1 “HOUSEKEEPING” A4.1 NOUNS AND PRONOUNS B14.1 TREATMENT OF WORDS A5.1 OMISSION OF PARTS OF VERBS B15.1 to B15.3 TREATMENT OF REFERENCES A6.1 ONE’S B16.1 QUOTATIONS A7.1 to 7.3 PREPOSITIONS B17.1 to B17.3 General A7.1 General B17.1 Direct quotations A7.2 Prepositions and series B17.2 Informal or anecdotal quotations A7.3 In compound constructions B17.3 OFFICIAL WORD AND REFERENCE REPETITION AND REDUNDANCY B18.1 SOURCES A8.1 to A8.2 SAY/STATE B19.1 Sources A8.1 SHALL/WILL, SHOULD/WOULD (see also B24.1 to Checking A8.2 B24.4) B20.1 QUESTION TIME A9.1 SINGULAR AND PLURAL B21.1 to B21.5 MOTIONS A10.1 to A10.3 Subject and verb B21.1 Standard motions A10.1 “The number”, “a number” B21.2 Motions with notice A10.2 Collective nouns B21.3 Motions without notice A10.3 Singular pronouns B21.4 SUPPLIED TEXT A11.1 to A11.5 Singular/plural agreement B21.5 Questions for oral answer A11.1 SPLIT INFINITIVES B22.1 Motions with notice A11.2 SUBJUNCTIVE B23.1 to B23.4 Rulings made by the Speaker A11.3 General B23.1 Addresses A11.4 Non-optional uses of the subjunctive B23.2 Governor-General’s speech and Budget speech A11.5 Optional uses of the subjunctive B23.3 LASER PROOFREADING A12.1 to A12.3 Intended meaning B23.4 General A12.1 TENSE SEQUENCE B24.1 to B24.4 Method A12.2 Direct and indirect speech B24.1 What to check for A12.3 Present, perfect, future B24.2 Chapter B GRAMMAR Past, pluperfect B24.3 ARTICLES AND SERIES B1.1 Past, present B24.4 CORRELATIVE EXPRESSIONS B2.1 THAT B25.1 to B25.4 DIRECT AND INDIRECT LANGUAGE B3.1 to B3.3 Appropriate use of “that” B25.1 Direct and indirect speech (see also B24.1 to B24.4, Not to be used as an adverb B25.2 and C11.2) B3.1 “That”/”who”/”whom” (see also B34.1) B25.3 Direct and indirect quotations B3.2 In place of a noun B25.4 Direct and indirect questions (see also C10.1) B3.3 THAT/WHICH B26.1 DOUBLE PERFECT B4.1 THEN B27.1 to B27.3 GERUNDS B5.1 to B5.2 “After that” B27.1 Gerunds that take the possessive form B5.1 “At that time” B27.2 Non-personal nouns with gerunds B5.2 “If” and “then” B27.3 HOW B6.1 THERE B28.1 THIS B29.1 Not to be used as an adverb B29.1 THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE, THE B30.1 to B30.3 SEMICOLON C12.1 General B30.1 SLASH C13.1 Direct to indirect speech B30.2 Chapter D NUMBERS Clarity of meaning B30.3 CARDINAL NUMBERS (QUANTITY) D1.1 to D1.3 TO BOTH / BOTH TO, TO EITHER / EITHER TO B31.1 General principles D1.1 WHETHER OR NOT B32.1 Numbers at the beginning of a sentence D1.2 WHOSE B33.1 Consecutive numbers D1.3 WHO/WHOM (see also B25.3) B34.1 ORDINAL NUMBERS (SEQUENCE) (see also D5.4) D2.1 WORD ORDER B35.1 to B35.5 General principles D2.1 General B35.1 FRACTIONS D3.1 Modifiers B35.2 General principles D3.1 Separation of subject and principal verb B35.3 CURRENCY D4.1 to D4.5 Separation of auxiliary verb and main verb B35.4 General principles D4.1 Verb and conjunction “that” B35.5 Millions, billions, etc. (see also D5.7) D4.2 Chapter C PUNCTUATION Money amount at the beginning of a sentence D4.3 APOSTROPHE C1.1 to C1.2 New Zealand currency D4.4 Apostrophe indicating possessive case C1.1 Foreign currency D4.5 Other uses of the apostrophe C1.2 SPECIFIC RULES ON NUMBERS D5.1 to D5.15 BRACKETS C2.1 Addresses D5.1 COLON C3.1 to C3.3 Ages D5.2 Summing-up, illustration, enumeration C3.1 Book references D5.3 Colons and quotations C3.2 Calendar dates D5.4 Other uses of the colon C3.3 Clock time D5.5 COMMA C4.1 to C4.9 Mathematical formulae D5.6 Commas and series C4.1 Millions, billions, etc. (for currency see D4.2) D5.7 Commas and parenthetical elements C4.2 Percentages D5.8 Commas and time phrases C4.3 Ratios D5.9 Commas and “that” C4.4 References to legislation (see G4.1 to G4.4) D5.10 Commas and defining words or phrases C4.5 Roman numerals D5.11 Commas and conjunctions C4.6 Scores D5.12 Subject and its verb C4.7 Telephone and facsimile numbers D5.13 Starting a sentence with “but”, “yet”, “so” C4.8 Units of measurement D5.14 Other uses of the comma C4.9 Votes D5.15 DASH AND HYPHEN C5.1 to C5.3 Chapter E SPECIFIC PRINCIPLES Keys to use C5.1 ABBREVIATIONS AND CONTRACTIONS E1.1 to E1.4 Dash C5.2 Degrees and honours E1.1 Hyphen C5.3 Titles of people (see also E5.1) E1.2 ELLIPSIS C6.1 to C6.2 Junior, Senior E1.3 When to use ellipsis (see also C11.6) C6.1 Elision E1.4 Ellipsis and other punctuation C6.2 ACRONYMS E2.1 EXCLAMATION MARK C7.1 CAPITAL LETTERS E3.1 to E3.3 FULL STOP C8.1 General principles E3.1 PARAGRAPH C9.1 Initial capital letters E3.2 QUESTION MARK C10.1 Initial capital letters and hyphenation E3.3 QUOTATION MARKS (see also A7.1 to A7.3) Proper names beginning with “The”, “A”, “An” E3.4 C11.1 to C11.8 NAMES OF ORGANISATIONS ETC. E4.1 Keys to use C11.1 TITLES OF POSITIONS AND PEOPLE E5.1 When to use quotation marks C11.2 ITALICS E6.1 to E6.2 Punctuation within quotation marks C11.3 General principles E6.1 Quotation within a quotation C11.4 Italics within italics E6.2 Punctuation preceding quotation marks C11.5 COURT CASES E7.1 Punctuation at the end of quotation marks C11.6 PUBLICATIONS E8.1 to E8.3 Interrupted quotations C11.7 Titles and subtitles E8.1 Legislation and quotation marks C11.8 Chapters, articles, sections E8.2 Ministers outside Cabinet F4.5 Newspaper headlines E8.3 Parliamentary Under-Secretaries F4.6 INTERNET E9.1 Leader of the Opposition F4.7 MOTTOS AND PROVERBS E10.1 Leaders and deputy leaders of parties F4.8 SPEECHES E11.1 Whips/musterer F4.9 TELEVISION AND RADIO E12.1 Honourable; right honourable F4.10 PLAYS, FILMS, MUSICAL WORKS, WORKS OF Opposition members F4.11 ART, INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOS, ELECTRONIC Government/Opposition F4.12 GAMES E13.1 Spokespersons F4.13 POETRY AND SONGS E14.1 Shadow Ministers/Cabinet F4.14 SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT E15.1 PARTY/GOVERNMENT F5.1 PLACE NAMES AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES E16.1 SPEAKING THROUGH THE CHAIR F6.1 to F6.3 SCIENTIFIC TERMINOLOGY E17.1 General principle F6.1 TRADEMARKS E18.1 Use of the words “you” and “your” F6.2 SPECIAL DAYS, WEEKS, YEARS E19.1 Addressing members directly by name or designation F6.3 SPELLING E20.1 to E20.4 USE OF THE WORD “ORDER!” F7.1 General principles E20.1 INTERJECTIONS F8.1 Use of the COD E20.2 USE OF “[INTERRUPTION]” F9.1 Plurals E20.3 APPLAUSE F10.1 Homonyms E20.4 TERMINATION OF CALL F11.1 Chapter F PARLIAMENTARY MATTERS PARLIAMENTARY PUBLICATIONS F12.1 to F12.4 PARLIAMENTARY TERMS F1.1 to F1.12 Journals F12.1 Summoning F1.1 Parliamentary Bulletin F12.2 Parliament F1.2 Order Paper (see Precedent Manual OPB) F12.3 Session F1.3 Standing Orders and Speakers’ rulings F12.4 Sitting F1.4 Chapter G LEGISLATION Suspension F1.5 BILLS AND ACTS G1.1 to G1.10 Adjournment F1.6 General G1.1 Prorogation F1.7 How a bill becomes law G1.2 Recess F1.8 Government bills G1.3 Dissolution F1.9 Members’ bills G1.4 Expiration F1.10 Local bills G1.5 Interregnum F1.11 Private bills G1.6 Time line F1.12 Copies of bills G1.7 REFERENCES TO THE PRESIDING OFFICER F2.1 Copies of Acts G1.8 SETTING UP MEMBERS F3.1 to F3.13 Amendment bills/Acts G1.9 General principles F3.1 Omnibus bills G1.10 Ministers F3.2 REGULATIONS G2.1 Associate Ministers F3.3 PARTS OF LEGISLATION G3.1 to G3.15 Acting Ministers F3.4 Explanatory note G3.1 Ministers outside Cabinet F3.5 Commentary G3.2 Parliamentary Under-Secretaries F3.6 Member in charge of bill G3.3 Leader of the House and Deputy Leader of the House F3.7 Title G3.4 Leader of the Opposition F3.8 Preamble G3.5 Leaders and deputy leaders of parties F3.9 Enacting words G3.6 Whips/musterer F3.10 Clause G3.7 Hon; Rt Hon F3.11 Section G3.8 Question time F3.12 Part G3.9 On behalf of F3.13 Title clause/section G3.10 REFERENCES TO MEMBERS IN COPY F4.1 to F4.14 Commencement clause/section G3.11 General principles F4.1 Purpose clause/section G3.12 Ministers F4.2 Interpretation clause/section G3.13 Associate Ministers F4.3 Schedule G3.14 Acting Ministers F4.4 First page of a bill G3.15 REFERENCES TO LEGISLATION G4.1 to G4.4 General G4.1 Stages of a bill G4.2 Citation G4.3 Use of the word “proposed” G4.4 CHAPTER H MĀORI AND FOREIGN LANGUAGES MĀORI H1.1 to H1.6 Transcriptions and translations H1.1 Isolated words H1.2 Macrons H1.3 Anglicised words H1.4 Plurals H1.5 Short greetings, farewells, and other forms of address H1.6 FOREIGN LANGUAGES H2.1 to H2.2 Transcriptions H2.1 Isolated words H2.2 A GENERAL PRINCIPLES STATEMENT OF PRINCIPLES A1.1 Hansard is a fair and accurate report that, while remaining faithful to members’ styles and the intent of their speeches, can be readily understood by any reader, now or in the future.