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Style and Wisdom and Style Nara Nara ｜ ｜ ｜ ｜ ｜ 5 4 3 2 1

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Style and Wisdom and Style Nara Nara ｜ ｜ ｜ ｜ ｜ 5 4 3 2 1 Nara Style and Wisdom NARA MACHIYANARA GUIDE BOOK Machiya Machiya is a residential style with full of ideas for many people ｜1 Elements of Nara Machiya P.1 to live in a limited urban site. 2 Façade P.5 In Nara-machi, rational and ｜ sophisticated Nara Machiya has ｜3 Construction Method P.8 been formed and passed down to 4 History and Site-plotting P.10 the generations, throughout the ｜ long history. ｜5 Representative Nara Machiya P.11 Elements of Nara Machiya 2 Omoya (Main House) chapter 1 Elements of Nara Machiya Careful layout of rooms enables to have necessary living spaces, even though its site is limited. 1 Site planning The buildings are placed to make the most effective use of the long and narrow 1 Basic room layout of Omoya Courtyard site, and to keep the good living environment. There are common features to Three or four rooms align in one row, along the passageway. Nara Machiya used for various industries, such as commerce, handcraft and Site with larger width has two rows, but rarely three. In case of accommodation since early modern times. Oku-no-ma three rooms in one row, they are called, in order from the front, (Drawing room) Mise-no-ma (Shop-room), Naka-no-ma (Middle room), and Oku- Tori-niwa no-ma (Drawing room). Omoya (Main house) Detached room｜ Naka-no-ma ｜ ｜ ｜ (Middle room) Stands facing the front Stands in the back of (Passageway) street in maximum width. the main building, Openings are designed to over the courtyard. 2 Different types of Omoya Mise-no-ma (Shop room) face the street as well as Many Omoyas in Nara Machiya are facing the front streets courtyard. directly as drawn in the left page, but there are different types of P2 2 them as below. Front street ｜Kura (Storehouse)｜ Front wall Front garden Always made of thick style style earthen wall in Nara Depth Machiya. About 60 meters at Build a short wall along the street. Build a short wall and front garden along the street. the deepest site. ｜Backyard｜ Dropped roof Shopfront Front Some are used as style style street vegetable garden. Omoya with two row rooms have one of the Basically, Shopfront building is built between Width (Frontage) ｜Courtyard｜ roof dropped above, the farther row from the the street and Main house, but found various 2.5 to 3.0 ken Function as lighting & ventilation path, and passageway. arrangements with or without connections. (about 4.5 to 5.5 m) being elaborated in a design together with Largestorespurchasethenextdoor toexpandaMachiya. drawing room, or Oku-no-ma. P4 3 Corridor Ceiling ｜ ｜ The second floor structure is exposed design Connects Main House and Detached room along Courtyard. in Middle room and Shop room, but Bathroom and toilets are located. ceilings in Drawing room often covers it. BathroomhasbeeninstalledinordinaryhousesonlyaftertheShowaera. Also raises the second floor level to have enough ceiling height. Note:Planningvaries,accordingtotheplotting. 1 2 Elements of Nara Machiya Elements of Nara Machiya 3 Tsushi (Attic floor) Tsushi 3 Courtyard The second floor with low ceiling, common (Attic floor) Courtyard is very important for the lighting & ventilation. This space has in Nara-machi, mostly used as storage been cultivated by the lifestyle and culture of people in the neighborhood, and space. become the courtyard in Nara-machi with distinctive taste. CeilinginShoproomwouldbelowerto haveenoughheightinatticfloor. Oku-no-ma Naka-no-ma Mise-no-ma Lighting Front Courtyard (Drawing room) (Middle room) (Shop room) street 1 Layout and function of courtyard Every Nara Machiya places courtyard on the same depth from the street to 4 (Passageway) Tori-niwa assure the lighting and ventilation path Ventilation A space with earthen floor that connects the front for the inner part of the site. street and backyard in Main house. Common to traditional townhouses to have this space used for outdoor work as well. 2 The charm of courtyard cultivated in Nara-machi Multi functions ｜ ｜ Soseki (Foundation stone) -Entrance Stones taken after foundation from temple or shrine, have used as gardening -Kitchen with fire stoves stones in courtyards. Those are the reminiscent of the history of Nara-machi -Approach for gardens (carry-in tools) which has been developed from the precincts or estates of the Kofukuji Temple and Gangoji Temple. Thespacewasdividedbyclosetsor furniturefordifferentuses. Cha-no-yu (Tea ceremony) Tea ceremony was popular among townspeople throughout early-modern ｜ Layout of Passageways ｜ times in Nara which is associated with Murata Juko*, a tea master in the middle Muromachi period. The influences are seen in the design of stepping- -Placed on the same sides in adjacent houses to prevent noise transmission; east side in north-to- stones and the Sukiya style corridor. He is said to be the founder of Wabi-cha. south long site, and the south side in east-to-west long site. ＊ Toro (Stone lantern) It was popular for the wealthy family to place a big lantern in their gardens Passageways Passageways Passageways Passageways Passageways like in temple and shrine after late early-modern to modern times. Well After acquiring the next doors for land expansion, the needless well would be kept as an ornament for the garden without being demolished. It is a reminiscent of the changing of site plotting in Nara-machi. No noise transmission occurs when rooms are sandwiched by Passageway. VOICE Courtyard is a key for the better way of living Smoke-dormer - the voices of the people living in Nara Machiya ｜ Double height, Smoke-dormer & High side light ｜ We don't open the windows facing the street so much, because we don't want to be disturbed by the Passageway is double height up to the attic, except the people and cars. Instead, we open up the windows to the courtyard widely without worrying other area right next to Shop room. Smoke-dormer and High people's eyes, and enjoy the quiet atmosphere feeling the change of seasons. side light are designed for smoke exhaust in the kitchen, Although surrounded by the walls, there is a wind flow, and it's also warmer in winter. In case of and for ventilation throughout the building. reconstruction, courtyard is to be demolished and replaced by front garden, but it is important to keep courtyard considering a better way of living. Shop room Courtyard 3 4 Smoke-dormer Façade Roofing tile Special design to Nara-machi and neighbors Insect-cage-like chapter Façade window 2 Timber Lattice Logs, half-split logs or Wing wall processed logs with skin are used for the bars, Eaves 1 Lattice embedded in the base. Lattice is the heart of façade design in Nara Hanging From the name of the window neighborhood, it's called Machiya. It works well for security. Hard to Folding display Horen lattice or Nara be seen from outside, although looking out is deck lattice. Some are without clear. Keeps the privacy, but gives lighting, base. winds and sounds inside the house. VOICE 1 Grouping of lattice Lattice design matters! - Voices of people living in Nara Machiya Lattice design are grouped into two types : flush lattice and bay lattice. And each type is sub-grouped into fixed lattice or framed lattice. The difference is whether it is When we visit other traditional regions, what we feel first is the different atmosphere of lattice. Lattice is an important element to give the impression of town. Therefore, when you build new lattice embedded in or framed on the base. in Nara-machi, we'll be happy if you follow the style & design of Nara Machiya. Flush lattice Bay lattice Fixed lattice Framed lattice Built flush into the Sticks out from wall, between the the wall surface, columns. built like bay- 2 Roof and eaves window style. The horizontal lines emphasized by the deep eaves parallel to the road overlap with each other, create continuity of townscape and unification in Bay lattice Flush lattice Vertical bars are embedded Bars are within a frame to be Nara-machi. Eaves are necessary to live comfortably, protecting the house in the beams or girders, not removable. Newer design from wind and rain. removable. than fixed lattice. 1 Forms of roof Main house of Nara Machiya always has its entrance 2 Lattice in Nara Machiya on the eaves' side. Most of them are gabled roof with There are various designs of lattice in Nara Machiya. square tiles, and the pitch is 4.5 to 5 sun (a sun = 3.03 cm) in 1 shaku (a shaku = 30.3 cm). Between the Basic designs adjacent houses, the higher one extends the roof to Thick lattice Thin lattice Parent-child lattice the other to cover the gap, and avoids the rain. 2 Design of roofing tiles On the both edges of gabled roof, there Wind-breaking Falcate arabesque Double-ring tiles are two rows of rounded tiles put on rounded tiles design tiles Rectangular timbers joined with Thin rectangular bars, made Two different bars. The wide & rails. Showing the occupation possible by the development long ones are the parents and square-tile roofing, for wind breaking. of the owner of the house, they of tools. "thread store lattice" the thin & short ones are the Some Machiya have one more row in are called "liquor store lattice" or or "retired store lattice" children. the center. Many characteristic designs "rice store lattice". of antefix has appeared with the times. Straight-line tiles Tap tiles Horn-shaped tile on the ridge 5 6 Façade 3 Deep eaves chapter Construction Method Many Nara Machiya have bay-lattice, which leads to have 3 canti-girder to hang over them. Deep eaves have become the characteristics of Nara Machiya as a consequence.
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