DOCSLIB.ORG

Leuctra Hippopus Kempny, 1899 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae): Studies on a Species Problem

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Leuctra Hippopus Kempny, 1899 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae): Studies on a Species Problem Leuctra hippopus Kempny, 1899 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae): studies on a species problem, with notes on related species. Torfinn 0rmen CAND. SCIENT. THESIS IN SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF OSLO, ZOOLOGICAL MUSEUM 1991 0rmen, Torfinn "Le~ictra hippopus Kempny, 1899 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae): studies on a species problem, with notes on related species." Cand. scient. thesis, systematic zoology. University of Oslo, Zoological Museum, 1991. Keywords: stonef!ies, speciation, taxonomy, eco-species, drumming, copulation, morphometry, iso-electric focusing, reproductive isolation, zoogeography, immi­ gration routes. Lay-out and type-setting (with TEX) by the author. Where not stated otherwise the illustrations are originals. © Copyright Torfinn 0rmen 1991. Verbatim copies of this document may be freely distributed on a non-profit basis, provided that this notice and the copyright notice is included. To Titti & M oniqtie for making the lab a pleasant place to be I would like to express my gratitude to all those at the Zoological Museum in Oslo who contributed to this work, directly-or indirectly by creating the milieu. For the former a list of acknowledgements is given on page 68, but I want especially to mention my supervisors, doctors and head curators Albert Lillehammer and Tor Andreas Bakke at the Zoological Museum for help and guidence. In addition I would like to thank my friends and fellow students for not booting me out of their company because of excessive tall' about rather uninteresting animals and problems. Some comments must be made on the form of this document: This work is devided into three analytical parts with greatly different methods and I therefore found it impractical to use the "usual" set-up with chapters on "Introduc­ tion", "Material and methods", "Results", "Discussion", and "Conclusion". Instead, after the normal introductory chapter, the localities are given a chapter on their own and, so are the methods shared between the analytical parts, while the three analytical parts are given one chapter each, each with sections on introduction, material, meth­ ods, results, and discussion. The final discussion and conclusion is given in a separate chapter. Torfinn 0rmen T¢yen, 5/6-91 List of contents Part page Resyme ..................................................................... 1 Summary ................................................................... 2 Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................. 3 1.1 The animals in question ................................................. 3 1.1.1 Plecoptera - stonefl.ies ............................................. 3 1.1.2 Leuctra - needlefl.ies ............................................... 3 1.1.3 Leuctra hippopus Kempny, 1899 - the "horse-foot fl.y" .............. 4 1.2 The problem ........................................................... .4 1.3 How to solve the problem ............................................... 5 1.3.l Definition of the applied species concept ............................. 5 1.3.2 Species confirmation vs. species description .......................... 6 1.3.3 The question of reproductive isolation ............................... 7 1.3.4 Application of the concept .......................................... 8 Chapter 2: Localities and populations ................................... 9 2.1 Introduction ............................................................ 9 2.2 N¢klevann ............................................... '.............. 10 2.3 Suldalslagen ........................................................... 10 2.4 Isterfoss ............................................................... 11 2.4.1 History and geomorphology ...................... .' ................. 11 2.4.2 Animal life ........................................................ 12 2.4.3 Wind exposure ......... ·........................................... 13 2.4.4 The threat of the flood ............................................ 13 2.4.5 Gene-fl.ow ................................. : ....................... 14 2.5 Additional localities ................................................... 15 2.5.1 "Non-hippopus" localities .......................................... 15 2.5.2 "hippopiis" localities ............................................... 15 Chapter 3: Shared materials and methods ............................. 16 3.1 Introduction ........................................................... 16 3.2 Sampling .............................................................. 16 3.3 Keeping the animals alive .............................................. 16 3.4 Determination of sex in live adults ..................................... 17 3.5 Determination of specific identity ...................................... 17 3.6 A mating experiment .................................................. 17 3. 7 Practical problems ..................................................... 17 Chapter 4: Pre-mating: ethological isolation? ......................... 18 4.1 Introduction ........................................................... 18 4.2 Evaluation of possible mechanisms ..................................... 18 /4.2.1 Long range ........................................................ 18 4.2.2 Short range ........................................................ 19 · 4.3 Stonefly drumming .................................................... 19 4.4 Equipment, material and methods ..................................... 20 4.4.1 Equipment ........................................................ 20 4.4.2 Material ........................................................... 21 4.4.3 Method ............................................................ 21 4.5 Results ................................................................ 22 4.5.l General. ........................................................... 22 4.5.2 Isterfoss ........................................................... 23 4.5.3 Suldalslagen ....................................................... 24 4.5.4 N¢klevann ......................................................... 24 4.5.5 Sreterbekken ....................................................... 25 4.5.6 Lukedammen ............................................... , ...... 25 4.6 Observation from the mating experiment ............................... 25 4.7 Conclusion ............................................................ 26 4.7.l Long range ........................................................ 26 4.7.2 Short range ........................................................ 26 Chapter 5: Mating: mechanical isolation? ............................. 27 5.1 Introduction ........................................................... 27 5.2 Descriptive: Copulation in Leuctra . .................................... 27 5.2.1 Introduction ....................................................... 27 5.2.2 Material and method .............................................. 28 5.2.3 Definitions ......................................................... 29 5.2.4 Leuctra in general ................................................. 32 5.2.5 Leuctra hippopus . .................................................. 33 5.3 Analytical: Method .................................................... 35 5.4 Analytical: Results .................................................... 36 5.4.1 General. ........................................................... 36 5.4.2 On a Norwegian scale .............................................. 36 5.4.3 On a larger geographic scale ....................................... 38 5.5 Related described species .............................................. 42 5.5.l Leuctra hippopoides Kacanski & Zwick, 1970 ....................... 42 5.5.2 Leuctra elisabethae Ravizza, 1985 .................................. 42 5.5.3 Lrnctra collaris Martynov, 1928 & L. pseudohippopus Rauser, 1965 . 43 5.5.4 Leuctra vaillanti Aubert, 1956 ..................................... 43 5.5.5 Leuctra fraterna Morton, 1930 & L. andafosiaca Aubert, 1962 ...... 43 5.5.6 Leuctra delamellata & L. mimtta Zhil'tsova, 1960 & L. anatolica Kazanci, 1986 ....................................... 44 5.5.7 Leuctra aculeata Zwick, 1982 ....................................... 44 5.6 Observation from the mating experiment .............................. .45 5.6.1 Regarding body-weight ............................................ 45 5.6.2 Regarding body-length ............................................ .45 5.6.3 Regarding genitalia ................................................ 45 Chapter 6: Post-mating: biochemical isolation? ....................... 47 6.1 Introduction ........................................................... 47 6.2 MateriaJ ............................................................... 48 6.3 Method ............................................................... .48 6.3.1 Preservation of material ........................................... 48 6.3.2 !so-electric focusing, theory ........................................ 48 6.3.3 Preparation of gel solution ......................................... 48 6.3.4 Gel casting ........................................................ 49 6.3.5 Preparation of samples ............. : .............................. .49 6.3.6 Application ........................................................ 49 6.3.7 Running ........................................................... 50 6.3.S Fixing ............................................................. 50 6.3.9 Staining ........................................................... 51 6.3.10
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annual Newsletter and Bibliography of the International Society of Plecopterologists PERLA NO. 28, 2010
    PERLA Annual Newsletter and Bibliography of The International Society of Plecopterologists Pteronarcella regularis (Hagen), Mt. Shasta City Park, California, USA. Photograph by Bill P. Stark PERLA NO. 28, 2010 Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA PERLA Annual Newsletter and Bibliography of the International Society of Plecopterologists Available on Request to the Managing Editor MANAGING EDITOR: Boris C. Kondratieff Department of Bioagricultural Sciences And Pest Management Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado 80523 USA E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL BOARD: Richard W. Baumann Department of Biology and Monte L. Bean Life Science Museum Brigham Young University Provo, Utah 84602 USA E-mail: [email protected] J. Manuel Tierno de Figueroa Dpto. de Biología Animal Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada, SPAIN E-mail: [email protected] Kenneth W. Stewart Department of Biological Sciences University of North Texas Denton, Texas 76203, USA E-mail: [email protected] Shigekazu Uchida Aichi Institute of Technology 1247 Yagusa Toyota 470-0392, JAPAN E-mail: [email protected] Peter Zwick Schwarzer Stock 9 D-36110 Schlitz, GERMANY E-mail: [email protected] 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Subscription policy……………………………………………………………………….4 Publication of the Proceedings of the International Joint Meeting on Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera 2008…………………………………….………………….………….…5 Ninth North American Plecoptera Symposium………………………………………….6
    [Show full text]
  • In Baltic Amber 85
    Overview and descriptions of fossil stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Baltic amber 85 Entomologie heute 22 (2010): 85-97 Overview and Descriptions of Fossil Stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Baltic Amber Übersicht und Beschreibungen von fossilen Steinfliegen (Plecoptera) im Baltischen Bernstein CELESTINE CARUSO & WILFRIED WICHARD Summary: Three new fossil species of stoneflies (Plecoptera: Nemouridae and Leuctridae) from Eocene Baltic amber are being described: Zealeuctra cornuta n. sp., Lednia zilli n. sp., and Podmosta attenuata n. sp.. Extant species of these three genera are found in Eastern Asia and in the Nearctic region. It is very probably that the genera must have been widely spread across the northern hemisphere in the Cretaceous period, before Europe was an archipelago in Eocene. The current state of knowledge about the seventeen Plecoptera species of Baltic amber is shortly presented. Due to discovered homonymies, the following nomenclatural corrections are proposed: Leuctra fusca Pictet, 1856 in Leuctra electrofusca Caruso & Wichard, 2010 and Nemoura affinis Berendt, 1856 in Nemoura electroaffinis Caruso & Wichard, 2010. Keywords: Fossil insects, fossil Plecoptera, Eocene, paleobiogeography Zusammenfassung: In dieser Arbeit werden drei neue fossile Steinfliegen-Arten (Plecoptera: Nemouridae und Leuctridae) des Baltischen Bernsteins beschrieben: Zealeuctra cornuta n. sp., Lednia zilli n. sp., Podmosta attenuata n. sp.. Rezente Arten der drei Gattungen sind in Ostasien und in der nearktischen Region nachgewiesen. Sehr wahrscheinlich breiteten sich die Gattungen in der Krei- dezeit über die nördliche Hemisphäre aus, noch bevor Europa im Eozän ein Archipel war. Der gegenwärtige Kenntnisstand über die siebzehn Plecoptera Arten des Baltischen Bernsteins wird kurz dargelegt. Wegen bestehender Homonymien werden folgende nomenklatorische Korrekturen vorgenommen: Leuctra fusca Pictet, 1856 in Leuctra electrofusca Caruso & Wichard, 2010 und Nemoura affinis Berendt, 1856 in Nemoura electroaffinis Caruso & Wichard, 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial and Phylogenetic Structure of DNA-Species of Alpine Stonefly
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/765578; this version posted September 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Spatial and phylogenetic structure of DNA-species of Alpine stonefly community 2 assemblages across seven habitats 3 4 Maribet Gamboa1, Joeselle Serrana1, Yasuhiro Takemon2, Michael T. Monaghan3, Kozo 5 Watanabe1 6 7 8 1Ehime University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Matsuyama, Japan 9 10 2Water Resources Research Center, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, 11 6110011 Gokasho, Uji, Japan 12 13 3Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Mueggelseedamm 301, 14 12587 Berlin, Germany 15 16 17 18 19 Correspondence 20 Kozo Watanabe, Ehime University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 21 Matsuyama, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 22 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/765578; this version posted September 11, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 23 Abstract 24 1. Stream ecosystems are spatially heterogeneous environments due to the habitat diversity 25 that define different microhabitat patches within a single area. Despite the influence of 26 habitat heterogeneity on the biodiversity of insect community, little is known about how 27 habitat heterogeneity governs species coexistence and community assembly.
    [Show full text]
  • Refining Biological Monitoring of Hydromorphological Change in River Channels Using Benthic Riverfly Larvae (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera)
    Refining biological monitoring of hydromorphological change in river channels using benthic riverfly larvae (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera). Anna Doeser November 2016 Submitted to Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Scotland. For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Supervisor: Prof. Nigel Willby 1 Statement of Originality I hereby confirm that this PhD thesis is an original piece of work conducted independently by the undersigned and all work contained herein has not been submitted for any other degree. All research material has been duly acknowledged and cited. Signature of Candidate: Anna Doeser Date 2 General Abstract Rivers and their catchments are under mounting pressure from direct channel modification, intensification of land use, and from a legacy of decades of channelisation. Recent legislation, in the form of the EU Water Framework Directive, places a greater emphasis on the management of water bodies as holistic systems, and includes the explicit consideration of hydromorphological quality, which describes the hydrologic and geomorphic elements of river habitats. These are defined specifically as hydrological regime, river continuity and river morphology. This appreciates that sediment and flow regimes, along with the channel structure, provides the 'template' on which stream ecological structure and function is built. Invertebrate fauna contribute significantly to the biodiversity of rivers, and often form the basis of monitoring river health. However much of the fundamental ecological knowledge base on the response of invertebrates to hydromorphological change needed to make informed decisions and accurate predictions, is either lacking, inadequate or contradictory. This thesis addresses some of the key potential shortcomings in recent bio-assessment that others have alluded to, but which have rarely been explored in the context of direct channel manipulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Bollettino Della Società Entomologica Italiana
    BOLL.ENTOMOL_152_3_cover.qxp_Layout 1 14/12/20 10:43 Pagina a Poste Italiane S.p.A. ISSN 0373-3491 Spedizione in % Abbonamento Postale - 70 DCB Genova BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA Volume 152 Fascicolo III settembre - dicembre 2020 31 dicembre 2020 SOCIETÀ ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA via Brigata Liguria 9 Genova BOLL.ENTOMOL_152_3_cover.qxp_Layout 1 14/12/20 10:43 Pagina b SOCIETÀ ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA Sede di Genova, via Brigata Liguria, 9 presso il Museo Civico di Storia Naturale n Consiglio Direttivo 2018-2020 Presidente: Francesco Pennacchio Vice Presidente: Roberto Poggi Segretario: Davide Badano Amministratore/Tesoriere: Giulio Gardini Bibliotecario: Antonio Rey Direttore delle Pubblicazioni: Pier Mauro Giachino Consiglieri: Alberto Alma, Alberto Ballerio, Andrea Battisti, Marco A. Bologna, Achille Casale, Marco Dellacasa, Loris Galli, Gianfranco Liberti, Bruno Massa, Massimo Meregalli, Luciana Tavella, Stefano Zoia Revisori dei Conti: Enrico Gallo, Giuliano Lo Pinto Revisori dei Conti supplenti: Giovanni Tognon, Marco Terrile n Consulenti Editoriali PAOLO AUDISIO (Roma) - EMILIO BALLETTO (Torino) - MAURIZIO BIONDI (L’Aquila) - MARCO A. BOLOGNA (Roma) PIETRO BRANDMAYR (Cosenza) - ROMANO DALLAI (Siena) - MARCO DELLACASA (Calci, Pisa) - ERNST HEISS (Innsbruck) - MANFRED JÄCH (Wien) - FRANCO MASON (Verona) - LUIGI MASUTTI (Padova) - ALESSANDRO MINELLI (Padova) - JOSÉ M. SALGADO COSTAS (Leon) - VALERIO SBORDONI (Roma) - BARBARA KNOFLACH-THALER (Innsbruck) STEFANO TURILLAZZI (Firenze) - ALBERTO ZILLI (Londra) - PETER ZWICK (Schlitz). ISSN 0373-3491 BOLLETTINO DELLA SOCIETÀ ENTOMOLOGICA ITALIANA Fondata nel 1869 - Eretta a Ente Morale con R. Decreto 28 Maggio 1936 Volume 152 Fascicolo III settembre - dicembre 2020 31 dicembre 2020 REGISTRATO PRESSO IL TRIBUNALE DI GENOVA AL N. 76 (4 LUGLIO 1949) Prof. Achille Casale - Direttore Responsabile Spedizione in Abbonamento Postale 70% - Quadrimestrale Pubblicazione a cura di PAGEPress - Via A.
    [Show full text]
  • High Cryptic Diversity in Aquatic Insects: an Integrative Approach to Study the Enigmatic Leuctra Inermis Species Group (Plecoptera)
    75 (3): 497– 521 20.12.2017 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2017. High cryptic diversity in aquatic insects: an integrative approach to study the enigmatic Leuctra inermis species group (Plecoptera) Simon Vitecek *, 1, 4, #, Gilles Vinçon 2, #, Wolfram Graf 3 & Steffen U. Pauls 4 1 Department for Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, Universität Wien, UZA I, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Simon Vitecek [simon. [email protected]] — 2 55 Bd Joseph Vallier, F 38100 Grenoble, France; Gilles Vinçon [[email protected]] — 3 Institute of Hydrobio- logy and Aquatic Ecology Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria; Wolfram Graf [[email protected]] — 4 Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Steffen U. Pauls [[email protected]] — * Corresponding author; # Equally contributing authors Accepted 05.x.2017. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/arthropod-systematics on 11.xii.2017. Editors in charge: Gavin Svenson & Klaus-Dieter Klass Abstract Within the genus Leuctra (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) the L. inermis species group comprises 17 – 18 species in which males lack the char- acteristic tergal abdominal ornamentation of many Leuctra species, and females have an accessory receptacle in the dorsal portion of the vagina. Taxonomically the group is challenging, and congruence of existing morphological species concepts and phylogenetic relationships of taxa is hitherto not assessed. Here, we estimate phylogenetic relations of morphologically defined species by concatenated maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian combined species tree and species delimitation analysis. We aim to clarify the status of 15 European species of the L.
    [Show full text]
  • MIAMI UNIVERSITY the Graduate School
    MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Mohammed Abdullah Al-Saffar Candidate for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ______________________________________ David J. Berg, Director ______________________________________ Bruce J. Cochrane, Reader ______________________________________ John C. Morse, Reader ______________________________________ Michael J. Vanni, Reader ______________________________________ Thomas O. Crist, Reader ______________________________________ Mary C. Henry, Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT CONSERVATION BIOLOGY IN POORLY STUDIED FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS: FROM ACCELERATED IDENTIFICATION OF WATER QUALITY BIOINDICATORS TO CONSERVATION PLANNING by Mohammed A. Al-Saffar The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers and their tributaries form the arteries of life in the central part of the Middle East, where climate change and anthropogenic disturbance have been evident in recent decades. While the Tigris River has a long history of human use, the conservation status for the majority of its basin is poorly known. In addition, planning for conservation, given limited time, funds, and prior information, has remained a challenge. In my dissertation research, I sampled 53 randomly selected sites in the Kurdistan Region (the KR) of northern Iraq, a poorly studied region of the Upper Tigris and Euphrates freshwater ecoregion, for water quality bioindicators, mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera) (a.k.a. EPT).
    [Show full text]
  • 19 Recent Plecoptera Literature
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Perla Jahr/Year: 2010 Band/Volume: 28 Autor(en)/Author(s): Redaktion Artikel/Article: Recent Plecoptera Literature 19-33 RECENT PLECOPTERA LITERATURE (CALENDAR YEAR 2009 AND EARLIER). Papers made available after 1 February 2010 will be included in the next issue. If papers were missed, please bring these to the attention of the Managing Editor. Dr. Peter Zwick is thanked for reviewing and providing additions to this present list. Adams, S. E., A. S. Adams, and W. E. Holben. 2009. Tri-trophic linkages in disease: Pathogen transmission to Rainbow Trout through stonefly prey. Environmental Entomology 38: 1022-1027. Amore, V. and R. Fochetti. 2009. Present knowledge on the presence of hemocyanin in stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera). Aquatic Insects, 31, Supplement 1:577-583. Amore, V, M. Belardinelli, L. Guerra, F. Buonocore, A. M. Fausto, N. Ubero-Pascal, and R. Fochetti.. 2009. Do all stoneflies nymphs have respiratory proteins? Further data on the presence of hemocyanin in the larval stages of Plecoptera species. Insect Molecular Biology 18: 203-211. Arimoro, F. O. and R. B. Ikomi. 2009. Ecological integrity of upper Warri River, Niger Delta usuing aquatic insects as bioindicators. Ecological Indicators 9: 455-461. Asiah, W. N., W. M. A., M. R. Che Salmah, and I. Sivec. 2009. Description of Etrocorema belumensis sp. n. from Royal Belum State Park, Perak, Malaysis. Illiesia 5: 182-187. Baumann, R. W. and B. C. Kondratieff. 2009. A study of the eastern Nearctic Alloperla (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae) with hirsute epiprocts using the scanning electron microscope.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning in Stream Detritivore Systems: Patterns and Mechanisms
    Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in stream detritivore systems: patterns and mechanisms. Cheryl Inglis Thesis submitted to The University of Sheffield for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Animal and Plant Sciences July 2003 Acknowledgements. The research reported in this thesis was funded by the NERC. Facilities for the research were provided by the Department of Animal and Plant Sciences at The University of Sheffield, for which I extend my thanks to the head of department, Malcolm Press. Many thanks go to my supervisors, Lorraine Maltby and Phil Warren for their excellent supervision and support throughout. Thank you also to Andrew MacColl and Owen Petchey for advice on statistics, and to Tony Sugden and Alison Blake for assisting with field work. Special thanks go to Naomi, Paul, Jo, Rob and Jenny for accompanying me on field trips and for their support, and also to Jim, Nick, Isabel, Fiona, Kevin, Andrew and Thibaud for their friendship. Finally, I would like to thank my family for their constant encouragement, and Christophe for his unending support and patience. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in stream detritivore systems: patterns and mechanisms. Cheryl Inglis. Summary Global changes in biodiversity have prompted ecologists to examine the relationship between biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. The occurrence and form of such a relationship, and the mechanisms driving it, are critical for predicting the effects of biodiversity loss. The aim of this study was to address whether species diversity is important for ecosystem function in streams, focusing on the relationship between the diversity of leaf-shredding macroinvertebrates and detritus processing.
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation Requirements of the Southern Damselfly in Chalkstream and Fen Habitats
    Conservation requirements of the Southern Damselfly in chalkstream and fen habitats Science Report SC000017/SR ddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddSCHO0505BJDR-E-P The Environment Agency is the leading public body protecting and improving the environment in England and Wales. It’s our job to make sure that air, land and water are looked after by everyone in today’s society, so that tomorrow’s generations inherit a cleaner, healthier world. Our work includes tackling flooding and pollution incidents, reducing industry’s impacts on the environment, cleaning up rivers, coastal waters and contaminated land, and improving wildlife habitats. This report is the result of research commissioned and funded by the Environment Agency’s Science Programme. Author: J.R. Rouquette Dissemination status: Publicly available Keywords: Southern Damselfly; Coenagrion mercuriale; Ecology; Conservation; Chalkstreams; Fens; UK Biodiversity Action Plan. Research Contractor and Collaborator: University of Liverpool Published by: Liverpool Environment Agency, Rio House, Waterside Drive, Aztec West, L69 3BX Almondsbury, Bristol, BS32 4UD Tel: 0151 794 2000 Tel: 01454 624400 Fax: 01454 624409 www.environment-agency.gov.uk Environment Agency’s Project Manager: Tim Sykes, Winchester Office ISBN: 1 84432 431 1 © Environment Agency May 2005 Collaborators: All rights reserved. This document may be reproduced with prior Countryside Council for Wales permission of the Environment Agency. Maes-y-Ffynnon Penrhosgarnedd The views expressed in this document are not necessarily Bangor those of the Environment Agency. Gwynedd LL57 2DW This report is printed on Cyclus Print, a 100% recycled stock, Tel: 0845 1306229 which is 100% post consumer waste and is totally chlorine free. Water used is treated and in most cases returned to source in English Nature better condition than removed.
    [Show full text]
  • Formica Rufa-Gruppe (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
    MITTEILUNGEN des Badischen Landesvereins für Naturkunde und Naturschutz e.V., Freiburg i. B.r Neue Folge BAND XI Heft 1-4,1973-1976 Freiburg im Breisgau 1976 Selbstverlag des Vereins Mitt. bad. Landesver. Neue Folge Seite 61 Abb. Freiburg i. Br. Naturkunde u. Naturschutz Band XI 1-441 17 Taf. 1. August 1976 Druck: Druck und Verlag Emmendingen INHALT Seite I. Geologie, Mineralogie, Petrographie HILLE, H., MAUS, HJ. & MÖHRLE, K.: Mineralfunde bei Wieden, Landkreis Lör- rach, Baden. Mit Taf. 3 7 KRAATZ, R. & SIMON, W.: Fossilien aus alten Aufschlüssen im Kraichgau. Mit Taf 2 5 MüNzING, K.: Zur Stratigraphie Breisgauer Lösse (Südbaden). Mit Abb. 38 . 257 PAUL, W.: Kaltzeitlich-kryoturbat verformte plio-pleistozäne Wutach-Schotter bei Göschweiler in der West-Baar. Mit Taf. 1 1 PAUL, W.: Zur Stratigraphie und Fazies des Unteren (ku) und Mittleren (km) Keu- pers (Ober-Ladin, Kam, Nor) der Westbaar und des Klettgaucs (1). Mit Abb. 21-22 und Taf. 5-7 87 STUBENDORFE, U.: Ein kryoturbates Sandlößprofil mit Eiskeilen bei Gottenheim 273 II. Ur- und Frühgeschichte BRAUN, P.: Seit wann sind die heißen Quellen von Baden-Baden dem Menschen bekannt? Mit Abb. 23-26 99 III. Botanik DüLL, R.: Moosflora von Süddeutschland, II. Teil: Die Laubmoose (MUSC1): 3. Fortsetzung 275 ENDRISS, G.: Kaffeeanbau am Kaiserstuhl? 223 GROSSMANN, A., L.: Zum Neufund der Pampastrespe — Bromus willdenowii KUNTH - in Lörrach 321 KNOCH, D.: Pilzkundliche Exkursion in die Oberrheinebene bei Forchheim/Weis- weil am 1.10.1972 55 KNOCH, D.: Pilzfunde der Gattung Phlegmacium (Schleimköpfe) in Südbaden (II) Mit T f 11 311 RASTETTER, V.: Fünfter Beitrag zur Moosflora des Ober-Elsaß 101 RASTETTER, V.: Dritter Beitrag zur Pilzflora des Ober-Elsaß 105 RASTETTER, V.: Zweiter Beitrag zur Phanerogamen- und Gefäß-Kryptogamen- Flora des Haut-Rhin 119 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Ecological Impacts of Beaver Reintroduction on Aquatic
    Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems Alan Law 2014 Submitted to Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling Scotland For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Supervisor: Dr. Nigel Willby STATEMENT OF ORIGNINALITY I hereby confirm that this PhD thesis is an original piece of work conducted independently by the undersigned and all work contained herein has not been submitted for any other degree. All research material has been duly acknowledged and cited. Signature of Candidate: Alan Law Date: ii GENERAL ABSTRACT The extent and quality of freshwater systems is declining globally. Combined with past drainage, straightening and flow regulation, current systems are often functional but not pristine. Conservation, creation and restoration of freshwater systems is common but requires significant planning, resources and active monitoring and may only be a short-term solution to the long- term problem of destruction and loss of riparian zones. Beavers (Castor spp.) have the ability to create physical and biological habitat heterogeneity through the construction of woody debris dams, thereby restoring lost natural discontinuities in freshwater systems. Beavers may thus offer a natural, more passive solution to the need for wetland restoration or creation and the problem of homogenisation of watercourses. As such, numerous beaver reintroductions and introductions have been undertaken based in part on restoring this lost natural heritage. However, it is crucial to be able to predict the potential effects on existing biota of physical modifications by beavers to ecosystems, especially in the light of further population expansion, whilst also disentangling these effects from other influences, namely herbivory.
    [Show full text]