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November 2020 Blueprint: A STATUTORY VALUE-ON-RETURN SCHEME FOR HONG KONG’S BEVERAGE CONTAINERS 《香港飲品容器有賞回贈法定計劃》藍 圖 內附中文摘要 Wealth of Flows Consulting Ltd 一次性飲品包裝工作小組委託WEALTH OF FLOWS CONSULTING LIMITED進 行了一 項 有 關 香港如何設計，管理及監察誘因式生產者責任制度的獨立研究。報告所提及的觀點並不一 定代表一次性飲品包裝工作小組或個別成員的立場。 關於一次性飲品包裝工作小組 一次性飲品包裝工作小組（「工作小組」）是一個由飲品生產商、進口商、零售商、廢物處理 回收業界，及非政府組織組成的聯盟。工作小組的「免「廢」暢飲」倡議致力於2030年前， 將減少70%至90%的飲品包裝被棄置於堆填區。 詳見 drinkwithoutwaste.org。 關於WEALTH OF FLOWS CONSULTING WEALTH OF FLOWS CONSULTING 是一間創立於香港的顧問公司，專門為循環經濟、固體 廢物政策和環境策略提供專業諮詢。 該公司在提供國際策略管理的諮詢、循環經濟的領 導工作以及將商業和環境利益轉變為共同目標的計劃上, 都具有豐富的經驗。 其團隊致力 於協助不同的組織以最直接的途徑達至循環模式。 The Single-Use Beverage Packaging Working Group has engaged Wealth of Flows Consulting Limited to carry out an independent research project on how to best design, manage and gover an incentive-based Producer Responsibility Scheme for Hong Kong. Views expressed in this report may not necessarily be the same as the position of the Single-Use Beverage Packaging Working Group or each individual member. ABOUT THE SINGLE-USE BEVERAGE PACKAGING WORKING GROUP The Single-Use Beverage Packaging Working Group (the Working Group) is a coalition of beverage manufacturers and importers, waste handlers and recyclers, institutions, retailers and NGOs in Hong Kong. The Working Group’s Drink Without Waste initiative seeks to reduce the volume of used beverage packaging going to waste by 70 to 90 percent by 2030. See drinkwithoutwaste.org. ABOUT WEALTH OF FLOWS CONSULTING LIMITED Wealth of Flows Consulting is a Hong Kong based consultancy specialized in circular economy, solid waste policy, and environmental strategy. The firm has a strong pedigree in international strategic management consulting, circular economy thought leadership, and turning business and environmental interests into a joint pursuit. Its team is dedicated to helping organisations find the straightest path towards circular models. Contents Preface ..................................................................................................................................................................4 Executive Summary (Chinese) ..............................................................................................................................5 Executive Summary (English) ..............................................................................................................................11 Note on Methodology ......................................................................................................................................... 18 1. Changing tides: Voluntary initiatives ..........................................................................................................20 2. Creating value: A legislated collection scheme for Hong Kong’s beverage packaging ..............................27 3. Centralised and professional: Scheme governance ...................................................................................32 4. Ambitious and expedient: Proposed scope and timing ..............................................................................37 5. Fit for purpose: Return network and logistics infrastructure .....................................................................44 6. Cost-effective and transparent: Scheme finances ......................................................................................65 7. Stronger together: Policy support ...............................................................................................................80 8. A better Hong Kong: Scheme performance .................................................................................................87 9. Way forward .................................................................................................................................................93 Appendix 1 Operational relationships within our proposed governance structure .....................................85 Appendix 2 Key benefits and challenges arising from the two models ........................................................96 Appendix 3 Key assumptions behind network examples ..............................................................................97 Glossary ..............................................................................................................................................................99 Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................................................... 102 1 Figures and Tables Figure 1 Self-declared recycling behaviours (plastic drink bottles, Hong Kong 2020) ........................... 21 Figure 2 Vitasoy Mobile Education Platform ............................................................................................ 21 Figure 3 Liquid carton education centre at the MilMill recycling plant .................................................... 21 Figure 4 Swire Coca-Cola’s ‘Clean PET Collection & Recycling Campaign’ on the Education University campus .....................................................................................................22 Figure 5 Reverse Vending Machines installed by Vitasoy Hong Kong, Watsons Water and Swire Coca-Cola Hong Kong. .......................................................................................................22 Figure 6 Field visit in preparation of the ‘Neighbourhood Bottle Reward Scheme’ ................................23 Figure 7 Green Power staff explains the Drink Carton Recycling Cash Reward Programme to a collector ................................................................................................................................23 Figure 8 Green Earth’s incentivized collection trial ..................................................................................23 Figure 9 Overview of a Value-on-Return Scheme (VRS) ..........................................................................29 Figure 10 Proposed governance structure for a professionally managed Value-on-Return Scheme in Hong Kong .................................................................................................................33 Figure 11 Many on-site packaged beverages are abandoned or discarded before they have been finished...............................................................................................................................40 Figure 12 Illustration of how scope expansion along a predetermined timeline could work ................... 41 Figure 13 Overview of the movements of beverage containers under the proposed Scheme .................44 Figure 14 Illustration and indicative financials of a commercial RNO with dedicated, manual return infrastructure ...................................................................................................... 51 Figure 15 Cornershop .................................................................................................................................. 51 Figure 16 Illustration and indicative financials of a commercial RNO with automated return infrastructure, set up as a mall cluster .......................................................................................52 Figure 17 School Collection Point ...............................................................................................................53 Figure 18 Illustration and indicative financials of a not-for-profit RNO based on a small cluster of schools ....................................................................................................................................53 Figure 19 MilMill liquid carton recycling facility .........................................................................................58 Figure 20 Computer rendering of the New Life Plastics facility for PET and HDPE recycling, scheduled to open by the end of 2020 in EcoPark .....................................................................59 Figure 21 Importance of a chain of custody for beverage container collection and recycling in Hong Kong ...............................................................................................................................60 Figure 22 Overview of financial flows in the proposed Scheme design ....................................................65 Figure 23 Incremental impact of offering a financial incentive on declared intent to return a container...................................................................................................................................66 Figure 24 Effect of VoR value on consumer prices in HK market, if assumed that VoR is 100 percent passed through ..........................................................................................................................66 Figure 25 Illustration of how each Return Network Operator (RNO) could opportunistically modify statutory Value-on-Return ..........................................................................................................67 2 Table 1 Comparison of DRS and VRS .......................................................................................................28 Table 2 Illustration of board membership distribution ...........................................................................34 Table 3 Overview of size-related exemptions in existing schemes ........................................................39 Table 4 Milestones for rollout ..................................................................................................................40

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