No. 427, May 1, 1987

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

No. 427, May 1, 1987 WfJRIlIRS,,1N'(JI1R'25¢ No. 427 -.~)X'523 1 May 1987 Hisganics,- Refugees Targeted a or: mas aeist mmigration awl Full Citizenship Rights for Foreign-Born Workers! In Hispanic barrios from East Los southern neighbors are increasingly Angeles to Chicago's Pilsen to Long integrated economically with the influx Island towns newly populated by of several million undocumented work­ Salvadoran refugees, in border cities all ers, shutting off the escape valve to el along the 2,OOO-mile frontier with norte could produce a social explosion Mexico, panic is spreading as the in the poverty-wracked Caribbean "Immigration Reform and Control Act" basin. of 1986goes into effect May 5. Although In the U.S., anti-immigrant hysteria the "amnesty" provisions are first to be is fueling racist attacks against His­ implemented, already employers have' panics and Asians, foreign-born and begun wholesale firing of "illegal ali­ American-born alike. On successive ens." Thousands of Central Americans days last November, California voters fled to Canada early this year to escape approved a ballot referendum making expected deportation. The president of English the official state language and the Dominican Republic, the Mexican President Reagan signed the Simpson­ Congress and even U.S. puppet Duarte Rodino immigration bill making it in El Salvador have pleaded with illegal for employers to hire undocu­ WV Photo Washington to "go slow" on implemen­ mented foreign workers. Together this Central American refugees from death squad terror imprisoned in concen­ tation. For as the United States and its continued on page 8 tration camp, EI Centro, California. uncowed. Thousands of Soweto resi­ dents are staying away from work in --....-..-.South Africa------ protest against the eviction of rent strikers and in solidarity with the rail" strikers, as young activists set up roadblocks to turn back traffic out of the sprawling township that provides the muscle power for Johannesburg Black Rail Strikers industries. Buses and taxis as well as trains have stopped running, and students have closed the high schools. Mail delivery in the black township of two million hasstopped due to a strike of nearly 7,000 black postal workers Defy Apartheid Regime .which has also disrupted mail service in Johannesburg. With the social power to crush The Los Angeles Times (16 April) apartheid, the black fist of. workers reported the white supremacist govern­ power broke through the draconian ment was "apprehensive about a new censorship last week, announcing to the wave of civil unrest,that, this time, might world its courageous defiance of the involve workers rather than students." savage South African police state. A South African railways are strategic to six-week black railway workers strike in the economy, equivalent to rail and the financial capital of South Africa, trucking combined in the U.S., which is Johannesburg, suddenly escalated into why, despite the draconian police-state a major confrontation with the racist repression, apartheid rulers hesitated apartheid regime. before moving against the strikers, and On April 21 the government sent why they are now cracking down with a thousands of heavily armed troops and vengeance. The South African black police to patrol rail yards and stations, proletariat has the power to break the attempting to break the strike. The chains of apartheid slavery. What is following day, cops with whips broke up . desperately required to break those a union meeting in the Johannesburg chains is a revolutionary proletarian suburb of Germiston, killing one striker leadership. and seriously injuring another. A few Those Who Labor Must Rule hours later, police assaulted another group of strikers, killing five. But this The fact that thousands of black time the strikers, armed with axes and strikers on the railways were able to defy New Yorktimes clubs, fought back and the apartheid . Railway strikers battle cops in Johannesburg, April 22. the bloody apartheid butchers for six butchers 'took a few injuries for a weeks is testament to their growing change. The downtown Johannesburg ransacked by cops who beat up the of 16,000 rail workers who defied a strength and self-confidence. The strike headquarters of the black-centered unionists and arrested 400. The killings government back-to-work deadline. began in mid-March at the City Deep labor federation COSATU (Congress of occurred after South African Transport But in the Transvaal industrial heart­ rail station in Johannesburg after a 'South African Trade Unions) was Services (SATS) announced the firing land of South Africa, black labor is continued on page 11 x We encourage all WVreaders to send letters and telegrams to Judge Warren Parti§ftu Defeu8e Chan, King County Superior Court, £o......ittee Third and James, Seattle, WA 98104. * * * Federal agents in Los Angeles rounded up seven Palestinians and a Kenyan on January 26. This represented the intersection of "terrorism" hysteria Defense of FSP-Vital to the and anti-immigrant chauvinism. The victims-well-established businessmen, Workers Movement! students and working people-were shackled hand and foot and charged The Freedom Socialist Party (FSP) D.C. SL/PDC lit tables carried their under the 1952 McCarran-Walter Act has been pushed to the wall in a lawsuit petition to the Seattle court. Last week for allegedly "advocating world com­ by a vindictive ex-member, Richard we sent the following statement to the munism." Along with the American­ Snedigar, suing to take back a 1979 court: Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee donation of $22,500. In December the and assisted by the ACLU, the eight "The .default judgment against the Washington State Supreme Court Freedom Socialist Party in Snedigar v, have filed a lawsuit challenging the refused to hear. the appeal of a lower wee Times Hoddersen, etal.for refusing-todisclose constitutionality of the "advocating Witchhunt, USA: Julie Nuangugl court order that the FSP disclose their internal organizational minutes and world communism" exclusionaryprovi- . records vitiates First Amendment rights Mungat and<husband Khader Musa internal party minutes and other inter­ sion of this McCarthyite law. Hamlde face deportation. nal documents. On April 10, King of freedom of association and speech. It is a dangerous attack on the right of After the case drew nationalattention County Superior Court Judge Warren voluntary groups to organize for every and protest, on April 23 the Justice over an hour. Two Aboriginal elders Chan ruled against the FSP, giving the kind of non-commercial purpose by Department withdrew its charges of were also beaten that night. After blacks case to Snedigar by default-punishing exposing such organizations to govern­ political subversion against. five of the taught a needed lesson to three of the the FSP for its principled refusal to ment intimidation and blacklisting. It Palestinians and the Kenyan woman. punks the following day, the racist cops establishes a precedent for disgruntled comply with this disclosure order. The ex-members to paralyze the very exis­ Yet they hl)d been jailed in solitary for launched a dragnet "investigation." FSP is now threatened with the seizure tence of such organizations and submits two and a half weeks, and deportation Seventeen Aboriginals turned them­ of its funds a-nd party property by the their finances to government control. proceedings are still being pressed selves in to spare their community from state and the possible jailing of' Particularly for civil rights, civil liber­ against them for technical violations of a threatened cop'invasion and violence, members! ties, labor and left-wing political organ­ izations and minority religious groups, their visa status. Khader Musa Hamide and now face charges of "riotous Defense of the FSP is critically im­ the right 'of association has meaning and Michel Shedhadeh are still being behavior." On April 6 the court ordered portant to -the workers movement and only insofar as members can participate prosecuted under the McCarran-Walter their extradition to the Goondiwindi any defender of democratic rights. The and financially contribute to their ac­ Act and the government has said that racist enclave. The PDC sent a telegram Partisan Defense Committee has con­ tivities in confidentiality, additional charges will be filed against to the Aboriginal Legal Services of "We urge you to reconsider your deci­ tributed to the FSP defense, and sent sion, vacate this default order and deny them. Moree, New South Wales, with our letters of protest on its behalf. At the Snedigar's motion for disclosure of this The PDC has contributed to their message of solidarity: "World's workers April 25 demonstration in Washington, constitutionally protected material." defense and sent a telegram protesting must lead fight against racist and cop this Gestapo-like seizure. We encourage (error from Harlem to Soweto to all WV readers to also send protests to Queensland." the Commissioner of the Immigration Barcelona May Days and Naturalization Service (INS), 425 *** Eye Street NW, Washington, D.e. The fight ·to defend workers and In the 1936-39 Spanish Civil War, the 20536. Contributions can be sent to: Stalinists justified their Popular Front oppressed from the capitalists' whole­ Committee for Justice, P.O. Box 4631, sale attacks on democratic rights is alliance with the Republican bourgeoisie Los Angeles, CA 90051. by claiming that first the war against urgent. We urge WVreaders to continue to support and build the PDe. Become Franco must be won, and later-i.e., *. never-for revolution. But bourgeois re­ * * a sustaining contributor. Send a dona­ action can only be defeated through revo­ Seventeen Australian"'black Aborigi­ tion of $5 or more and receive a lutionary class struggle. Revolutionary nals are facing frame-up charges for subscription to Class-Struggle Defense leadership was key. When the workers of their courageous struggle against racist Notes. For a single copy send $.75 to: TRO:rSKY Barcelona rose up in the heroic May Days LENIN terror.
Recommended publications
  • The Denaturalization and Deportation of Nazi Criminals: Is It Constitutional
    Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review Volume 11 Number 1 Article 4 1-1-1989 The Denaturalization and Deportation of Nazi Criminals: Is It Constitutional Norine M. Winicki Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Norine M. Winicki, The Denaturalization and Deportation of Nazi Criminals: Is It Constitutional, 11 Loy. L.A. Int'l & Comp. L. Rev. 117 (1989). Available at: https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/ilr/vol11/iss1/4 This Notes and Comments is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews at Digital Commons @ Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTES AND COMMENTS The Denaturalization and Deportation of Nazi Criminals: Is It Constitutional? I. INTRODUCTION On June 22, 1941, Adolf Hitler launched an invasion of the So- viet Union.1 Under the plan for this attack, known as Operation Bar- barossa, Russia was to become an eastern annex of the German Reich, helping to consolidate Hitler's plan of a master Aryan race. 2 Consequently, Operation Barbarossa had two objectives, the military conquest of the Soviet Union and the extermination of Soviet Jews.3 The group whose responsibility it was to effectuate the elimination of the Jews in Russia were mobile killing units of SS troops called 4 Einsatzgruppen. In carrying out Operation Barbarossa, Hitler and his army set out to conquer the Baltic countries of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia.5 In Latvia, the Einsatzgruppen formed the locals into the Arjs Kom- mando whose only purpose was to kill all the Jews of Latvia.6 In 1942, an Einsatzgruppe A report to Berlin stated, "'The number of Jews in Latvia in 1935 was 93,479-4.79 percent of the entire popula- tion ...
    [Show full text]
  • London School of Economics and Political Science Department of Government
    London School of Economics and Political Science Department of Government Historical Culture, Conflicting Memories and Identities in post-Soviet Estonia Meike Wulf Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD at the University of London London 2005 UMI Number: U213073 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U213073 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Ih c s e s . r. 3 5 o ^ . Library British Library of Political and Economic Science Abstract This study investigates the interplay of collective memories and national identity in Estonia, and uses life story interviews with members of the intellectual elite as the primary source. I view collective memory not as a monolithic homogenous unit, but as subdivided into various group memories that can be conflicting. The conflict line between ‘Estonian victims’ and ‘Russian perpetrators* figures prominently in the historical culture of post-Soviet Estonia. However, by setting an ethnic Estonian memory against a ‘Soviet Russian’ memory, the official historical narrative fails to account for the complexity of the various counter-histories and newly emerging identities activated in times of socio-political ‘transition’.
    [Show full text]
  • Key Findings Many European Union Governments Are Rehabilitating World War II Collaborators and War Criminals While Minimisin
    This first-ever report rating individual European Union countries on how they face up their Holocaust pasts was published on January 25, 2019 to coincide with UN Holocaust Remembrance Day. Researchers from Yale and Grinnell Colleges travelled throughout Europe to conduct the research. Representatives from the European Union of Progressive Judaism (EUPJ) have endorsed their work. Key Findings ● Many European Union governments are rehabilitating World War II collaborators and war criminals while minimising their own guilt in the attempted extermination of Jews. ● Revisionism is worst in new Central European members - Poland, Hungary, Croatia and Lithuania. ● But not all Central Europeans are moving in the wrong direction: two exemplary countries living up to their tragic histories are the Czech Republic and Romania. The Romanian model of appointing an independent commission to study the Holocaust should be duplicated. ● West European countries are not free from infection - Italy, in particular, needs to improve. ● In the west, Austria has made a remarkable turn-around while France stands out for its progress in accepting responsibility for the Vichy collaborationist government. ● Instead of protesting revisionist excesses, Israel supports many of the nationalist and revisionist governments. By William Echikson As the world marks the United Nations Holocaust Remembrance Day on January 27, European governments are rehabilitating World War II collaborators and war criminals while minimising their own guilt in the attempted extermination of Jews. This Holocaust Remembrance Project finds that Hungary, Poland, Croatia, and the Baltics are the worst offenders. Driven by feelings of victimhood and fears of accepting refugees, and often run by nationalist autocratic governments, these countries have received red cards for revisionism.
    [Show full text]
  • Sol Littman Fonds
    Library and Archives Bibliothèque et archives Canada Canada Political and Social Division du patrimoine Heritage Division politique et social SOL LITTMAN FONDS R2958 Finding Aid No. 2386 / Instrument de recherche no 2386 Prepared in 2005 by L. Tapper of the Social Préparé en 2005 par L. Tapper de la Section Archives Section des Archives sociales ii TABLE OF CONTENTS MICROFILM SHELF LIST .................................................... iii HELMUT RAUCA and RELATED MATERIAL SERIES .............................1 WAR CRIMES INCLUDING THE UKRAINIAN14TH WAFFEN-SS DIVISION SERIES . 7, 76 SUSPECTED WAR CRIMINAL CASE FILES .................................43, 75 HOLOCAUST DENIAL and HISTORICAL REVISIONISM SERIES...................51 LITTMAN’S PUBLICATIONS, ARTICLES, SPEECHES and NOTEBOOKS ............57 RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS and ARTICLES SERIES.............................61 iii WAR CRIMES INCLUDING THE UKRAINIAN 14th WAFFEN-SS DIVISION MICROFILM SHELF LIST M-8842 The records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of German Police (Reichsführer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei). Published by the American Historical Association and General Services Administration, Washington, 1958 (Ref.: microfilm T175, roll 74) M-8843 Group XV, Ordner 439: (Der ress an SS-O’ Gruf Berger, 2/5/1944) Miscellaneous Non-Biographical Material (Schumacher Material). Published by the American Historical Association and General Services Administration, Washington, 1958 (Ref.: microfilm T580, roll 89) M-8844 Records of German Field Commands Panzer Armies, 1944. Published by the American Historical Association for the Study Of War document, Washington, 1960 (incomplete copy) (Ref.: microfilm T-313, roll 400) M-8845 Records of German Field Commands Panzer Armies, 1944. Published by the American Historical Association for the Study Of War document, Washington, 1960. (Ref.: microfilm T-313, roll 401) M-8846 Records of German Field Commands Panzer Armies, 1944.
    [Show full text]
  • June 18, 1981
    , R. I. J e wi sh Hi s t orical As s ociation 1 1 1 3 0 Sessions Street P r ovidence , RI 02906 ,Support f1 Read By .. , Jewish . b More Than $ A9encies 1, 40,000 Wi th Y9ur People Membership Ii THE ONLY ENGLISH-JEW/SH WEEKLY IN R. I. AND SOUTHEAST MASS VOLUME LXVIII , NUMBER 30 THURSDAY, JUNE 18, 198 1 , _30$ P!cR GOPY Survivors Ga ther In Israel Jewish Shop Owner Arrested To Recall Pa st, Celebrate In Stolen Torah Case JERUSALEM - More than 4,000 sur­ fer want to make a statement, that this is NEW YORK - The owner of a yar­ involved in the theft and sale of stolen Torah vivors of the Holocaust gathered in Israel this what happened to us. We survived it and we mulka shop on Manhattan's Lower East Side scroll s. week fo r a four-day remembrance and pray that this will be a lesson so it will never was arrested this week on charges of posses­ Morgenthau said Levy "may have been a celebration of li fe, the first and last such happen again, to Jews or non-Jews. " sion of stolen Torahs. The arrest was made by major fence" and that an investigation in­ event since the capture and liberation of the Many of the thousands who came to Israel officers of the New York Police Department's volved in the trafficking of other stolen Nazi concentration camps. for the gathering brought with them stones Bias Incident Investigating Unit under the Torahs. Capt. Donnell y said 52 Torahs, Attending the event were surv ivors from marked with the names of relatives who command of Capt.
    [Show full text]
  • Toomas Hiio Vabariigi Presidendi Mõttekojas 24. Aprillil 2007
    Toomas Hiio Vabariigi Presidendi Mõttekojas 24. aprillil 2007 1990. aastate teisel poolel, kui Eesti, aga ka Läti ja Leedu üha julgemalt teatasid oma taotlusest liituda Euroopa Liidu ja NATOga, hakati ühe eeldusena selleks rääkima ja kirjutama sellest, et Eesti, nagu ka Läti ja Leedu peaksid tegelema oma lähiminevikuga toimetulekuga, mis on üks üsna kohmakas tõlge saksa terminist Vergangenheitsbewältigung. Loomulikult peeti sel ajal selle all eelkõige silmas eestlaste, lätlaste ja leedulaste osalemist juutide tapmises ja juutide vastastes repressioonides Teise maailmasõja ajal. Eesti avalikkuses oli sellest asjast teistsugune pilt, üldine ajalooteadvus rõhutas eeskätt Nõukogude Liidu repressioone Eesti elanikkonna vastu, mille ulatus ja tähendus ning teadmine millest oli Eestis palju suurem kui juutide tapmisest Teise maailmasõja ajal Eestis. Me peame ka tähele panema, et nõukogudeaegne ajalookirjandus juutide tapmisest palju ei rääkinud, ideoloogiliseks skeemiks oli „fašistide kuriteod nõukogude inimeste vastu”. Selle juurde liitus üsnagi levinud seisukoht, et suur osa esimesel punasel aastal Eestis Nõukogude julgeolekuteenistuses teeninud meestest, kes olid süüdi repressioonides Eesti riigi ja rahva vastu, olid juudid. Tõsi on see, et juute oli nende seas mitmeid, kuid tegelikult oli selline üldrahvalik teadmine pigem saksaaegse propaganda niinimetatud „judeobolševismi” teesi kauge järelkaja, mis läbi raamatu „Eesti rahva kannatuste aasta” on kandunud viimasel kuuekümnel aastal nii lugematutesse mälestustesse kui ka ajalookirjandusse.
    [Show full text]
  • The Annexation of the Baltic States and Its Effect on the Development of Law Prohibiting Forcible Seizure of Territory William J.H
    NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law Volume 6 Article 5 Number 2 Volume 6, No. 2, 1985 1985 The Annexation of the Baltic States and Its Effect on the Development of Law Prohibiting Forcible Seizure of Territory William J.H. Hough III Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/ journal_of_international_and_comparative_law Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Hough, William J.H. III (1985) "The Annexation of the Baltic States and Its Effect on the Development of Law Prohibiting Forcible Seizure of Territory," NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law: Vol. 6 : No. 2 , Article 5. Available at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/journal_of_international_and_comparative_law/vol6/iss2/5 This Notes and Comments is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@NYLS. It has been accepted for inclusion in NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@NYLS. THE ANNEXATION OF THE BALTIC STATES AND ITS EFFECT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LAW PROHIBITING FORCIBLE SEIZURE OF TERRITORY TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ....................................... 303 II. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF LAW PROHIBITING FORCIBLE SEIZURE OF TERRITORY ................................ 305 A. European Origins ............................... 305 B. Legal Development After the Peace of Westphalia 308 C. Title to Territory in the Colonial Era ............ 319 D. Post World War I Development .................. 321 E. Birth of the Stimson Doctrine of Nonrecognition of Forcible Seizure of Territory ..................... 326 III. THE ANNEXATION OF THE BALTIC STATES ................. 351 A. Origins of the Baltic States ...................... 351 B. Independence of the Baltic States ................ 355 C. Soviet Invasion and Incorporation of the Baltic S ta tes .......................................... 369 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Working Paper
    SECRET DRAFT WORKING PAPER DECLASSIF I ED AND RELEASED BY CENTRAL INTELLISENCE ABENCY SONRCESMETHODSEXEMPT ION 30211 1AZ I WAR CR IMES DI SCLOSURE ACT Chapter Seventeen BATE 2007 In the Shadow of the Cold War (U) The Nazi war criminal investigations labored under the shadow of the Cold War. When the Office of Special Investigations reached an agreement with Soviet authorities in 1980 to interview witnesses and collect evidence behind the Iron Curtain, doubts arose concerning the motives behind Soviet cooperation. 1 Many ethnic groups, especially those from the Baltic States and other Eastern European countries, blasted OSI as a tool for Soviet KGB disinformation activities to discredit anticommunists living in the United States by affixing the "fascist" label on groups that resisted Moscows oppressive rule. They directed vehement protests against Allan A. Ryan, Jr., OSIs director, for his work in fostering cooperation with the Soviet regime and his description of the Ukrainian role during World War II in his 1984 book, Quiet Neighbors . 2 (U) During the 1970s and the 1980s, the Central Intelligence Agency grew increasingly aware of the importance that Soviet intelligence placed on "active measures." The KGB, in fact, had a branch in the First Chief Directorate dedicated to 1 For a discussion of OSI's agreement with the Soviets, see Ryan, Quiet Neighbors, pp. 65-93. (U) 2Examples of emigre writings against OSI are seen in National Confederation of American Ethnic Groups, Inc., Victory Without Fear: A Response to OSI's "Nazi Hunting" Experiment (Irvington, N.J.: n.p., 1985), and various articles in Boshyk, ed., Ukraine during World War II.
    [Show full text]
  • Identity Politics in Communist Romania
    Historical Memory versus Communist Identity Historical Memory versus Communist Identity Proceedings of the Conference “Th e Shaping of Identity and Personality under Communist Rule: History in the Service of Totalitarian Regimes in Eastern Europe,” Tallinn, 9–10 June 2011 Edited by Meelis Saueauk Th e conference “Shaping of Identity and Personality during Communist Rule: History in the Service of the Totalitarian Regimes in Eastern Europe” was hosted on June 9–10, 2011 by the Estonian Institute of Historical Memory and the Unitas Foundation. We would like to thank our partners, supporters, and authors for their contributions towards the conference and this publication. Organising Committee: Uve Poom (CEO, Unitas Foundation), Toomas Hiio (Member of Board, Estonian Institute of Historical Memory), Meelis Saueauk (Research Fellow, Estonian Institute of Historical Memory). Estonian Institute of Historical Memory Th e Estonian Institute of Historical Memory was established by President Toomas Hendrik Ilves in 2008 in order to provide the citizens of Estonia with a thorough and objective account of the status of human rights during the Soviet occupation of Estonia. Th e Institute of Historical Memory is a member of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience. www.mnemosyne.ee Unitas Foundation Th e Unitas Foundation was established in 2008 with the mission to unite societies divided by totalitarian regimes. Th e organisation is based in Tallinn, but operates internationally. Th e Unitas Foundation is a member of the Platform of European Memory and Conscience. www.unitasfoundation.org Th e conference and its publication were made possible with the generous support of the Ministry of Education and Research, Open Estonia Foundation, and the Republic of Estonia Government Offi ce.
    [Show full text]
  • Due Process, the Eighth Amendment and Nazi War Criminals Theresa M
    Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology Volume 80 Article 5 Issue 1 Spring Spring 1989 Due Process for All--Due Process, the Eighth Amendment and Nazi War Criminals Theresa M. Beiner Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.northwestern.edu/jclc Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Theresa M. Beiner, Due Process for All--Due Process, the Eighth Amendment and Nazi War Criminals, 80 J. Crim. L. & Criminology 293 (1989-1990) This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology by an authorized editor of Northwestern University School of Law Scholarly Commons. 0091-4169/89/8001-0293 THE JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL LAw & CRIMINOLOGY Vol. 80, No. 1 Copyright © 1989 by Northwestern University. School of Law Printed in U.S.A. COMMENT DUE PROCESS FOR ALL? DUE PROCESS, THE EIGHTH AMENDMENT AND NAZI WAR CRIMINALS* I. INTRODUCTION On April 7, 1987, Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall blocked the deportation of alleged Nazi war criminal Karl Linnas to consider, one final time, whether the United States should deport Linnas to the Soviet Union, where a Soviet court had sentenced him to death in absentia.' Linnas stood accused of participating in Nazi atrocities as head of the Nazi Concentration Camp at Tartu, Estonia during World War 11.2 A New York Federal District Court revoked Linnas' citizenship in 1981, after the United States brought a denat- uralization action against him.3 After finding Linnas deportable under United States immigration laws, an Administrative LawJudge of the Immigration and Naturalization Service set Linnas' deporta- * The author would like to thank Professor Steven Lubet, Kathleen Murray, Barbara Whisler and Francis Kuplicki for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this Article.
    [Show full text]
  • Collection: Roberts, John G.: Files Folder Title: JGR/Nazi Prosecutions (8 of 9) Box: 34
    Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Roberts, John G.: Files Folder Title: JGR/Nazi Prosecutions (8 of 9) Box: 34 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ ZUMBAKIS & ASSOCIATES Attorneys and Counselors SEVEN SOUTH DEARBORN STREET CHICAGO, lLLINOlS 60603 S. PAUL ZUMBAKIS TELEPHONE RIMA L SKORUBSKAS 312/641·3428 THOMAS PETKUS LOCAL OFFICES 1445 SOUTH 50TH AVENUE Office Manager & CICERO, IL 60650 Legal Assistant 475 FRONTAGE ROAD BURR RlDGE. IL 60521 VIKTORIJA B. DIRGELA October 13, 1983 Ms. Sherri Cooksey Associate Counsel to the President White House Washington, D.C. Dear Ms. Cooksey: Attached is a brief introductory memorandum with exhibits relating to two issues of the utmost importance to the Lithuanian community and Baltic-Americans pertaining to the Department of Justice, Office of Special Investigations' proceedings against alleged war criminals. Your consideration and review of the matter will be greatly appreciated. Respectfully, SPZ/sma :MEMORANDUM In addition to the numerous legal problems faced by those accused of being Nazi collaborators and their families, there are several other issues which are of great concern to the Lithuanian community, as well as the American Baltic comm.unity at large. This memorandum focuses on two of these issues. Materials to substantiate matters raised in this memorandum are readily available.
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Collaborators on Trial During the Cold War: the Cases Against Viktors Ar Ājs and the Latvian Auxiliary Security Police
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository NAZI COLLABORATORS ON TRIAL DURING THE COLD WAR: THE CASES AGAINST VIKTORS AR ĀJS AND THE LATVIAN AUXILIARY SECURITY POLICE Richards Plavnieks A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2013 Approved by: Christopher Browning Chad Bryant Konrad Jarausch Wayne Lee Donald Reid ABSTRACT RICHARDS PLAVNIEKS: Nazi Collaborators on Trial during the Cold War: The Cases against Viktors Ar ājs and the Latvian Auxiliary Security Police (Under the direction of Christopher Browning) The Latvian Auxiliary Security Police, informally known as the Arajs Kommando after its founder and commander, Viktors Ar ājs, was a unique unit among the perpetrators of the Holocaust. Composed of a total of about 1,200 volunteers, it participated in all quintessential aspects of the “Holocaust by Bullets” in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union including raiding and looting homes; clearing ghettos; engaging in mass-shootings, anti- partisan operations, and reprisal actions; and the rest. The direct deaths of at least 26,000 Jews in Latvia may be laid at its boots, although this number does not reflect the unknown but considerable death toll the Kommando inflicted in the course of occupation duty in Nazi- controlled Belarus nor the assistance it rendered in other Actions such as providing the screen at Rumbula – the second largest mass shooting at the time behind Babi Yar.
    [Show full text]