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COVER of Anu Jan 11 ISSN 0974-200X ANUSANDHANIKA Refereed Research Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Volume IX Number I January 2011 Editor Managing Editor Madhukar Shyam Dr. Sudhanshu Kumar Verma Advisory Board Dr. P.K. Shukla Dr. Umesh Prasad Singh Dr. Prema Jha Dr. Vijay Prakash Dr. Chandrakant Shukla Dr. A.K. Chattoraj Dr. S.Z.H. Jafri Dr. Ram Kumar Tiwary Dr. A.N. Jha Dr. T.K. Singh Dr. Radha Madhav Bharadwaj Dr. Mahendra Singh Dr. H.S.Pandey Dr. Vijay Kumar Tiwary Dr. S.K. Mandal Dr. S.N. Singh Dr. B.R. Jha Dr. Kameshwar Prasad Singh Dr. Satya Narayan Munda Dr. Shekhar Shankar Mishra Dr. Poonam Sahay Dr. Nageshwar Singh Dr. Shailendra Prasad Sinha Dr. Kiran Rana Dr. S.M. Abbas Dr. Madhu Gupta Dr. Dhananjay Vasudeo Dwivedi Dr. Birendra Nath Prasad Dr. Mayank Murari Dr. Mridula Rashmi Kindo Shatrughna Kumar Pandey Published by Vichaya Educational Trust Ranchi, Jharkhand (India) Office: Annual Subscription Balihar Road, Morabadi Rs.500 (India) $ 50 (Overseas) Ranchi-834 008 Jharkhand (India) Website: www.anusandhanika.co.in E-mail : [email protected] Ph : 09835536035 Published in January and July Printed, published, owned and edited by Madhukar Shyam on behalf of Vichaya Educational Trust, Balihar Road, Morabadi, Ranchi-834008, Jharkhand, India & Printed at Kailash Stationers, Saheed Chowk, Ranchi-834001, Jharkhand Notes for Contributors µThe 'Anusandhanika' is a bilingual (English/Hindi) and half yearly Refereed Research Journal published in January and July. It contains articles, useful for professionals, scholars, students as well as for those generally interested in the subject. µThe 'Anusandhanika' desires to bring to the notice of the contributors that The Articles should not normally exceed 5000 words. µManuscripts should be composed in (MS - Word or Adobe Page Maker) double spaced typed on one side only of A-4 size paper in font size 12 pts. with margins of 1.25" in left/right/top & bottom and Arial fonts for English and Kruti Dev 010 fonts for Hindi is preferred. The Proposed article should be submitted in original along with a C.D. µThe Editor and Advisory Board is fully empowered to edit, trim and adjust articles in order to conform to Anusandhanika's format. µWhile sending an Article to 'Anusandhanika', the author/s should certify that the article has not been published elsewhere and would not again be submitted for publication. µNormally,articles should be arranged under the heads : (i) Title (ii) An Abstract of the paper not exceeding 200 words (iii) Keywords - maximum five keywords may be placed after the abstract (iv) Introduction (v) Materials and Methods (vi) Results and Discussions (vii) Conclusion and (viii) References. µReferences should be arranged in this order- Author's name, name of the book/article/journal, name of Publisher, place of publication, year of publication and page nos. µEditor and Advisory Board will not be responsible for the views expressed by the author/s in the Anusandhanika. µFoot notes should be avoided. µUnits of measurement should be in the International (metric) system only. µHindi Kosh and Oxford English Dictionary should be followed for disputed spellings. ANUSANDHANIKAISSN 0974-200X Refereed Research Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Volume IX Number I January 2011 Contents 1. Religion and Making of a Region: A study of The Amar Nath Jha 1 Baidyanath Cult 2. Theories of Social Change and Tribal Movements Dr. Surendra Jha 12 of Jharkhand and Bengal 3. Science and Technology in Arthasastra Dr. Prashant Gaurav 23 4. Prince Dara Shikoh : A representative of Indian Dr. Renuka Nath 29 Cultural Synthesis 5. Economic Settlement of Tribal Women through Sukanta Sarkar 33 Rubber Plantation: A case study of Tripura 6. Role of National Human Rights Commission in Dr. Madhu Gupta 37 Upholding Children’s Rights 7. The Reality of HIV/AIDS in Primary Schools in Dr.Kalpana Sharma 43 India after two decades Shikha Trivedi 8. Global Warming - An Ecological concept of Dr. Reeta Kumari 47 Chipko Andolan 9. Attitudinal differences between the sons and their Dr. Shashi Kala Singh 53 fathers: A study of generation gap 10. Prehistoric Jharkhand: Stone Instruments and Dr. Anil Kumar 64 areas of their procurement 11. Special British Provisons for Paharias Dr. Hitender Anupam 68 Rajesh Hansda 12. Political participation of women force in India : Dr. Ranjeet Kumar Choudhary 72 Spatio temporal analysis of female awareness 13. B.R. Ambedkar and his Feminist Idea : An Ishita Aditya (Ray) 76 appraisal 14. A Study of Food Faddism and Faulty Food Habits Shyamasri Sanyal 81 among Women of Hazaribag 15. Development of weaning food items from locally Sunita Kumari Kamal 91 available food grains Dr.Satyendra Prasad Bharti 16. Bhagwadgita and Tao Te Chung: A comparative Ajit Kumar Jha 94 analysis 17. Child Labour : A Social Curse with special Dr. S.N.M Topno 98 reference to West Singhbhum (Jharkhand) 18. Nature : The end of Technology Dr. Rajesh Kumar 103 19. Passing the barrier : A critical study of Alice Mani Sinha 107 Walker's The color purple 20. Absurd Drama with special reference to Harold Kumari Saswati De 111 Pinter 21. Psycoanalytic Feminism in the works of Arundhati Amit Purushottam 115 Roy, Kiran Desai and Manju Kapur ANUSANDHANIKAISSN 0974-200X Refereed Research Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Volume IX Number I January 2011 Contents 22. The Social Vision in the novels of George Orwell Seema Prasad 126 23. A comparative study of Nayantara Sahgal's Storm Sharmistha Biswas 131 in Chandigarh and Shashi Deshpande's That Dr. Ashutosh Roy Long Silence : A feminist perspective 24. Federalism and Regionalism : Lessons From Kantesh Kumar 138 India 25. Jane Austen’s Novels - A study of Women-minds Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Mishra 142 involved in their personal relationship 26. efJeefYeVe ÙegieeW ceW YeejleerÙe m$eer keâer efmLeefle [e@Ê Mebkeâj heÇmeeo 145 27. jeieojyeejer keâe efMeuhe - meewvoÙe& [e@Ê ceerje "ekegâj 157 28. keâefJe keâer keâesefšÙeeB SJeb meùoÙe : Skeâ DeOÙeÙeve [e@Ê Oeve_peÙe JeemegosJe efÉJesoer 160 29. [e@Ê jece efJeueeme Mecee& keâer efnvoer peeleerÙe Ûeslevee [e@Ê De™Ce kegâceej `meppeve' 166 30. mebieerleMeem$e kesâ efJekeâeme keâer Ssefleneefmekeâ Ùee$ee [e@Ê mejespe efÉJesoer 169 31. heÇmeeo kesâ veejer hee$eeW keâe JewefMe„dÙe [e@Ê mebieerlee oòee 172 32. heÇeÛeerve YeejleerÙe meceepe ceW veejer [e@Ê hetefCe&cee Mecee& 176 33. Oetefceue keâer keâefJelee ceW mecekeâeueerve jepeveerefle Deewj DeekeÇâesMe heÇkeâeMe kegâceej 179 34. YeejleerÙe cebefojeW keâer DeeefLe&keâ Yetefcekeâe Me$egIve kegâceej heeb[sÙe 182 35. mJeleb$elee meb«eece ceW PeejKeC[ kesâ pevepeeefleÙeeW keâer Yetefcekeâe efkeâjCe šeshhees 187 36. heÇeiewefleneefmekeâ keâeueerve jeBÛeer Oecee&Jeleer kegâceejer 191 37. 1857 kesâ efJeõesn ceW je<š^erÙelee kesâ leòJe DejefJebo kegâceej Jecee& 195 Me$egIve kegâceej heeb[sÙe 38. ke=âef<e #es$e ceW heÇeLeefcekeâ ke=âef<e menkeâejer meeKe meefceefle keâe osJesvõ heÇmeeo 200 Ùeesieoeve [e@Ê heodefceveer jefJevõveeLe 39. hetJe& DeeOegefvekeâ keâeue ceW YeejleerÙe Kesue leLee ceveesjbpeve kesâ [e@Ê kegâceej Mejo 206 heÇcegKe meeOeve 40. heÇeÛeerve YeejleerÙe Fefleneme ceW veejer keâer DeeefLe&keâ efmLeefle MJeslee kegâceejer 216 [e@Ê heg<hee MejCe 41. DeMeeskeâ keâe Oecce : Ssefleneefmekeâ hegvejeJeueeskeâve Ûevove kegâceej heeC[sÙe 220 42. veeuevoe efJeMJeefJeÅeeueÙe keâe yeewæ efMe#ee kesâvõ heg<hee kegâceejer 224 Anusandhanika / Vol. IX / No. I / January 2011 / pp. 1-11 ISSN 0974 - 200X Religion and Making of a Region: A study of The Baidyanath Cult Amar Nath Jha Associate Professor, Department of History S. S. N. College, University of Delhi, Delhi Abstract The region of the Santal Paragnas had acquired a distinct identity of its own, at least from 7th century A.D. onwards. The Baidyanath cult facilitated for this distinct regional identity of Santal Paragnas and its surroundings. The Santal Paragnas along with some of the areas of modern Bihar and West Bengal; such as the Banka and the Jamui Districts of Bihar in the north and north west and Burdawan and Birbhoom Districts of West Bengal in the south and south east comprise a large and separate geo-cultural entity. Some of the characteristics of this region can be identified by any serious student of History. Topography, demography, Languages, mode of agriculture, landscape, pattern of house building, food habits, attire and several other things form this vast country into one distinct region. Most of the people of this region are tri-lingual. Apart from the local dialect, almost all the population of this area understands and speaks Bangla and Hindi. Shiva and Shakti are worshipped in the entire area. Baidyanath remains in the centre of the entire world view of this region. Not only the famous temples of Baidyanath and Basukinath but several other Shiva temples and Shakti-Pithas are the centers of cultural activities of this region. Here Shiva and Shakti combine together and become one, as far as the philosophical background of the Hindu religion in this region is concerned. All are Shakta as well as Shaiva at a time, in this country. Even Vaishnavites also worship Shiva and Shakti. Hence, Shiva-Shakti cult becomes the essence of the Baidyanath Cult and Baidyanath in his Ardhanarishwar form not only is worshiped but remains as the supreme deity of this region. All other deities are connected to him in different ways. Keywords: Baidyanath Cult, Shakti-Pithas, Great-Tradition, Little-Tradition, Regional Culture. Introduction regional identity of Santal Paragnas and its th surroundings which demonstrates the The 7 century A. D. seems to be very assimilation of both, the “great tradition” and important for the making of ‘Indian History’ the “little tradition”, which gives this area its due along with the emergence of various socio- identity. The “great tradition” – Vedic and cultural traits in its various ‘Regions’. The Pauranik tradition - along with the impact of ‘Harshacharita’ of Banabhatta, the first Mithila and Bengal, is the dominant tradition of historical book in Sanskrit language was this region.
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