Intragenomic Variation in the ITS Rdna Region Obscures Phylogenetic Relationships and Inflates Estimates of Operational Taxonomic Units in Genus Laetiporus
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Annotated Check List and Host Index Arizona Wood
Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood-Rotting Fungi Item Type text; Book Authors Gilbertson, R. L.; Martin, K. J.; Lindsey, J. P. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 28/09/2021 02:18:59 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/602154 Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood - Rotting Fungi Technical Bulletin 209 Agricultural Experiment Station The University of Arizona Tucson AÏfJ\fOTA TED CHECK LI5T aid HOST INDEX ford ARIZONA WOOD- ROTTlNg FUNGI /. L. GILßERTSON K.T IyIARTiN Z J. P, LINDSEY3 PRDFE550I of PLANT PATHOLOgY 2GRADUATE ASSISTANT in I?ESEARCI-4 36FZADAATE A5 S /STANT'" TEACHING Z z l'9 FR5 1974- INTRODUCTION flora similar to that of the Gulf Coast and the southeastern United States is found. Here the major tree species include hardwoods such as Arizona is characterized by a wide variety of Arizona sycamore, Arizona black walnut, oaks, ecological zones from Sonoran Desert to alpine velvet ash, Fremont cottonwood, willows, and tundra. This environmental diversity has resulted mesquite. Some conifers, including Chihuahua pine, in a rich flora of woody plants in the state. De- Apache pine, pinyons, junipers, and Arizona cypress tailed accounts of the vegetation of Arizona have also occur in association with these hardwoods. appeared in a number of publications, including Arizona fungi typical of the southeastern flora those of Benson and Darrow (1954), Nichol (1952), include Fomitopsis ulmaria, Donkia pulcherrima, Kearney and Peebles (1969), Shreve and Wiggins Tyromyces palustris, Lopharia crassa, Inonotus (1964), Lowe (1972), and Hastings et al. -
The Influence of Different Media on the Laetiporus Sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murr
The influence of different media on the Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murr. mycelium growth MAREK SIWULSKI1*, MAŁGORZATA PLESZCZYńSKA2, ADRIAN WIATER2, JING-JING WONG3, JANUSZ SZCZODRAK2 1Department of Vegetable Crops Poznań University of Life Sciences Dąbrowskiego 159 60-594 Poznań, Poland 2Department of Industrial Microbiology Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology Maria Curie-Skłodowska University Akademicka 19 20-033 Lublin, Poland 3Southwest Forestry University Kunming Yunnan China *corresponding author: phone: +4861 8487974, e-mail: [email protected] S u m m a r y The aim of the research was to determine the effect of medium on the mycelium growth of L. sulphureus. The subject of the studies were six L. sulphureus strains: LS02, LS206, LS286, LS302, LSCNT1 and LSCBS 388.61. Eight different agar media and six solid media were used in the experiment. Some morphological characteristics of mycelium on agar media were also evaluated. It was found that PDA was the best agar medium for mycelium growth of all tested strains. The strain LS302 was characterized by very high growth rate regard- less of the examined agar medium. The tested strains presented changes in mycelium morphology on different agar media. The best mycelium growth was obtained on alder, larch and oak sawdust media, mainly in LSCBS 388.61, LS02 and LS286 strains. Key words: Laetiporus sulphureus, mycelia growth, agar media, sawdust media The influence of different media on the Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.: Fr.) Murr. mycelium growth 279 INTRODuCTION Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull : Fr ) Murril belongs to the class Aphyllophorales (Poly- pore) fungi. It has been reported as cosmopolitan polypore fungus that causes brown rot in stems of mature and over-mature old-growth trees in forests and urban areas from boreal to tropical zones [1]. -
Molecular Phylogeny of Laetiporus and Other Brown Rot Polypore Genera in North America
Mycologia, 100(3), 2008, pp. 417–430. DOI: 10.3852/07-124R2 # 2008 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Molecular phylogeny of Laetiporus and other brown rot polypore genera in North America Daniel L. Lindner1 Key words: evolution, Fungi, Macrohyporia, Mark T. Banik Polyporaceae, Poria, root rot, sulfur shelf, Wolfiporia U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Madison Field Office of the extensa Northern Research Station, Center for Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53726 INTRODUCTION The genera Laetiporus Murrill, Leptoporus Que´l., Phaeolus (Pat.) Pat., Pycnoporellus Murrill and Wolfi- Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships were investigat- poria Ryvarden & Gilb. contain species that possess ed among North American species of Laetiporus, simple septate hyphae, cause brown rots and produce Leptoporus, Phaeolus, Pycnoporellus and Wolfiporia annual, polyporoid fruiting bodies with hyaline using ITS, nuclear large subunit and mitochondrial spores. These shared morphological and physiologi- small subunit rDNA sequences. Members of these cal characters have been considered important in genera have poroid hymenophores, simple septate traditional polypore taxonomy (e.g. Gilbertson and hyphae and cause brown rots in a variety of substrates. Ryvarden 1986, Gilbertson and Ryvarden 1987, Analyses indicate that Laetiporus and Wolfiporia are Ryvarden 1991). However recent molecular work not monophyletic. All North American Laetiporus indicates that Laetiporus, Phaeolus and Pycnoporellus species formed a well supported monophyletic group fall within the ‘‘Antrodia clade’’ of true polypores (the ‘‘core Laetiporus clade’’ or Laetiporus s.s.) with identified by Hibbett and Donoghue (2001) while the exception of L. persicinus, which showed little Leptoporus and Wolfiporia fall respectively within the affinity for any genus for which sequence data are ‘‘phlebioid’’ and ‘‘core polyporoid’’ clades of true available. -
Field Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem Functions
United States Department of Field Guide to Agriculture Common Macrofungi Forest Service in Eastern Forests Northern Research Station and Their Ecosystem General Technical Report NRS-79 Functions Michael E. Ostry Neil A. Anderson Joseph G. O’Brien Cover Photos Front: Morel, Morchella esculenta. Photo by Neil A. Anderson, University of Minnesota. Back: Bear’s Head Tooth, Hericium coralloides. Photo by Michael E. Ostry, U.S. Forest Service. The Authors MICHAEL E. OSTRY, research plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN NEIL A. ANDERSON, professor emeritus, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN JOSEPH G. O’BRIEN, plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, St. Paul, MN Manuscript received for publication 23 April 2010 Published by: For additional copies: U.S. FOREST SERVICE U.S. Forest Service 11 CAMPUS BLVD SUITE 200 Publications Distribution NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 19073 359 Main Road Delaware, OH 43015-8640 April 2011 Fax: (740)368-0152 Visit our homepage at: http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ CONTENTS Introduction: About this Guide 1 Mushroom Basics 2 Aspen-Birch Ecosystem Mycorrhizal On the ground associated with tree roots Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria 8 Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera 9 The Omnipresent Laccaria Laccaria bicolor 10 Aspen Bolete Leccinum aurantiacum, L. insigne 11 Birch Bolete Leccinum scabrum 12 Saprophytic Litter and Wood Decay On wood Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus populinus (P. ostreatus) 13 Artist’s Conk Ganoderma applanatum -
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Popularity of species of polypores which are parasitic upon oaks in coppice oakeries of the South-Western Central Russian Upland in Russian Federation. Alexander Vladimirovich Dunayev*, Valeriy Konstantinovich Tokhtar, Elena Nikolaevna Dunayeva, and Svetlana Viсtorovna Kalugina. Belgorod State National Research University, Pobedy St., 85, Belgorod, 308015, Russia. ABSTRACT The article deals with research of popularity of polypores species (Polyporaceae sensu lato), which are parasitic upon living English oaks Quercus robur L. in coppice oakeries of the South-Western Central Russian Upland in the context of their eco-biological peculiarities. It was demonstrated that the most popular species are those for which an oak is a principal host, not an accidental one. These species also have effective parasitic properties and are able to spread in forest stands, from tree to tree. Keywords: polypores, Quercus robur L., coppice forest stand, obligate parasite, facultative saprotroph, facultative parasite, popularity. *Corresponding author September - October 2014 RJPBCS 5(5) Page No. 1691 ISSN: 0975-8585 INTRODUCTION Polypores Polyporaceae s. l. is a group of basidium fungi which is traditionnaly discriminated on the basis of formal resemblance, including species of wood destroyers, having sessile (or rarer extended) fruit bodies and tube (or labyrinth-like or gill-bearing) hymenophore. Many of them are parasites housing on living trees of forest-making species, or pathogens – agents of root, butt or trunk rot. Rot’s development can lead to attenuation, drying, wind breakage or windfall of stressed trees. On living trees Quercus robur L., which is the main forest-making species of autochthonous forest steppe oakeries in Eastern Europe, in conditions of Central Russian Upland, we can find nearly 10 species of polypores [1-3], belonging to orders Agaricales, Hymenochaetales, Polyporales (class Agaricomicetes, division Basidiomycota [4]). -
A Phylogenetic Overview of the Antrodia Clade (Basidiomycota, Polyporales)
Mycologia, 105(6), 2013, pp. 1391–1411. DOI: 10.3852/13-051 # 2013 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 A phylogenetic overview of the antrodia clade (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) Beatriz Ortiz-Santana1 phylogenetic studies also have recognized the genera Daniel L. Lindner Amylocystis, Dacryobolus, Melanoporia, Pycnoporellus, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Center for Sarcoporia and Wolfiporia as part of the antrodia clade Forest Mycology Research, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, (SY Kim and Jung 2000, 2001; Binder and Hibbett Madison, Wisconsin 53726 2002; Hibbett and Binder 2002; SY Kim et al. 2003; Otto Miettinen Binder et al. 2005), while the genera Antrodia, Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, Daedalea, Fomitopsis, Laetiporus and Sparassis have 00014, Helsinki, Finland received attention in regard to species delimitation (SY Kim et al. 2001, 2003; KM Kim et al. 2005, 2007; Alfredo Justo Desjardin et al. 2004; Wang et al. 2004; Wu et al. 2004; David S. Hibbett Dai et al. 2006; Blanco-Dios et al. 2006; Chiu 2007; Clark University, Biology Department, 950 Main Street, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610 Lindner and Banik 2008; Yu et al. 2010; Banik et al. 2010, 2012; Garcia-Sandoval et al. 2011; Lindner et al. 2011; Rajchenberg et al. 2011; Zhou and Wei 2012; Abstract: Phylogenetic relationships among mem- Bernicchia et al. 2012; Spirin et al. 2012, 2013). These bers of the antrodia clade were investigated with studies also established that some of the genera are molecular data from two nuclear ribosomal DNA not monophyletic and several modifications have regions, LSU and ITS. A total of 123 species been proposed: the segregation of Antrodia s.l. -
DNA Barcoding of Fungi in the Forest Ecosystem of the Psunj and Papukissn Mountains 1847-6481 in Croatia Eissn 1849-0891
DNA Barcoding of Fungi in the Forest Ecosystem of the Psunj and PapukISSN Mountains 1847-6481 in Croatia eISSN 1849-0891 OrIGINAL SCIENtIFIC PAPEr DOI: https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.20-17 DNA barcoding of Fungi in the Forest Ecosystem of the Psunj and Papuk Mountains in Croatia Nevenka Ćelepirović1,*, Sanja Novak Agbaba2, Monika Karija Vlahović3 (1) Croatian Forest Research Institute, Division of Genetics, Forest Tree Breeding and Citation: Ćelepirović N, Novak Agbaba S, Seed Science, Cvjetno naselje 41, HR-10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia; (2) Croatian Forest Karija Vlahović M, 2020. DNA Barcoding Research Institute, Division of Forest Protection and Game Management, Cvjetno naselje of Fungi in the Forest Ecosystem of the 41, HR-10450 Jastrebarsko; (3) University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Department of Psunj and Papuk Mountains in Croatia. forensic medicine and criminology, DNA Laboratory, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia. South-east Eur for 11(2): early view. https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.20-17. * Correspondence: e-mail: [email protected] received: 21 Jul 2020; revised: 10 Nov 2020; Accepted: 18 Nov 2020; Published online: 7 Dec 2020 AbStract The saprotrophic, endophytic, and parasitic fungi were detected from the samples collected in the forest of the management unit East Psunj and Papuk Nature Park in Croatia. The disease symptoms, the morphology of fruiting bodies and fungal culture, and DNA barcoding were combined for determining the fungi at the genus or species level. DNA barcoding is a standardized and automated identification of species based on recognition of highly variable DNA sequences. DNA barcoding has a wide application in the diagnostic purpose of fungi in biological specimens. -
Forest Fungi in Ireland
FOREST FUNGI IN IRELAND PAUL DOWDING and LOUIS SMITH COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development Arena House Arena Road Sandyford Dublin 18 Ireland Tel: + 353 1 2130725 Fax: + 353 1 2130611 © COFORD 2008 First published in 2008 by COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development, Dublin, Ireland. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from COFORD. All photographs and illustrations are the copyright of the authors unless otherwise indicated. ISBN 1 902696 62 X Title: Forest fungi in Ireland. Authors: Paul Dowding and Louis Smith Citation: Dowding, P. and Smith, L. 2008. Forest fungi in Ireland. COFORD, Dublin. The views and opinions expressed in this publication belong to the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of COFORD. i CONTENTS Foreword..................................................................................................................v Réamhfhocal...........................................................................................................vi Preface ....................................................................................................................vii Réamhrá................................................................................................................viii Acknowledgements...............................................................................................ix -
Laetiporus Sulphureus
vv ISSN: 2455-5282 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/gjmccr CLINICAL GROUP Jiri Patocka1,2* Case Study 1University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, Institute of Radiology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Will the sulphur polypore (laetiporus 2Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic sulphureus) become a new functional Received: 23 May, 2019 Accepted: 12 June, 2019 food? Published: 13 June, 2019 *Corresponding author: Jiri Patocka, University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Health and Social Stud- ies, Institute of Radiology, České Budějovice, Czech Summary Republic, E-mail: Mushrooms are a rich source of chemical compounds. Such a mushroom is also polypore Laetiporus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1261-9703 sulphureus, in which a large number of bioactive substances with cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anticancer, https://www.peertechz.com anti-infl ammatory, hypoglycemic, and antioxidant activity have been found. This short review summarizes the results of the most important chemical and biological studies of the fruiting bodies and the mycelial cultures of L. sulphureus. Since the ingredients of this edible mushroom have benefi cial effects on human health, it could become a functional food. Introduction Food and/or medicine? The sulphur shelf (Laetiporus sulphureus Bull.:Fr.) Murrill.), Over the generations, this mushroom has become an integral also known as crab-of-the-woods or chicken-of-the-woods, part of some national cuisines particularly for its taste. Besides, is a saprophyte mushroom from the family Polyporaceae that it is used in folk medicine for treatment of coughs, pyretic grow on trees in Europe, Asia and North America. -
In Brazil: a New Species and a New Record
The genus Laetiporus (Basidiomycota) in Brazil: a new species and a new record Ricardo Matheus Pires (1), Viviana Motato-Vásquez (1) & Adriana de Mello Gugliotta (1) (1) Avenida Miguel Stefano, 3687. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo-SP. Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: Laetiporus squalidus is described as a the taxon currently known in North America as L. new species; it is distinguished by effused- sulphureus (cluster E) and other ten individual, all reflexed basidioma with numerous small and collected exclusively from eucalypts, grouped into a broadly attached pilei, cream to pale brown well-supported cluster with L. gilbertsonii Burds. when fresh to light ochraceous after dry upper (cluster F). Surprisingly, a second taxon (cluster C) surface and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid included 49 individual of Laetiporus with a host range basidiospores. Phylogenetic analysis with ITS and and distribution exclusively from Europe did not nLSU regions corroborate the position and group with any of the Laetiporus species defined identity of this species. Furthermore, L. from North America by Lindner & Banik (2008). gilbertsonii, a Pan-American species, is recorded This discovery calls into doubt the propriety to for first time from Brazil, based on ITS region and use the European name L. sulphureus for the taxon a more accurate analysis of morphological occurring in North America. Further morphological characteristics. studies of macro- and microscopic traits and a more Key words: mycodiversity, neotropical, details knowledge of host range and distribution of polypores, xylophilous fungi both taxon occurring in America (cluster F) and Europe (cluster C) is necessary before a definition of INTRODUCTION L. -
Toxic Fungi of Western North America
Toxic Fungi of Western North America by Thomas J. Duffy, MD Published by MykoWeb (www.mykoweb.com) March, 2008 (Web) August, 2008 (PDF) 2 Toxic Fungi of Western North America Copyright © 2008 by Thomas J. Duffy & Michael G. Wood Toxic Fungi of Western North America 3 Contents Introductory Material ........................................................................................... 7 Dedication ............................................................................................................... 7 Preface .................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 7 An Introduction to Mushrooms & Mushroom Poisoning .............................. 9 Introduction and collection of specimens .............................................................. 9 General overview of mushroom poisonings ......................................................... 10 Ecology and general anatomy of fungi ................................................................ 11 Description and habitat of Amanita phalloides and Amanita ocreata .............. 14 History of Amanita ocreata and Amanita phalloides in the West ..................... 18 The classical history of Amanita phalloides and related species ....................... 20 Mushroom poisoning case registry ...................................................................... 21 “Look-Alike” mushrooms ..................................................................................... -
Downloaded from NCBI Genbank Or Sequence
Lind and Pollard Microbiome (2021) 9:58 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01015-y METHODOLOGY Open Access Accurate and sensitive detection of microbial eukaryotes from whole metagenome shotgun sequencing Abigail L. Lind1 and Katherine S. Pollard1,2,3,4,5* Abstract Background: Microbial eukaryotes are found alongside bacteria and archaea in natural microbial systems, including host-associated microbiomes. While microbial eukaryotes are critical to these communities, they are challenging to study with shotgun sequencing techniques and are therefore often excluded. Results: Here, we present EukDetect, a bioinformatics method to identify eukaryotes in shotgun metagenomic sequencing data. Our approach uses a database of 521,824 universal marker genes from 241 conserved gene families, which we curated from 3713 fungal, protist, non-vertebrate metazoan, and non-streptophyte archaeplastida genomes and transcriptomes. EukDetect has a broad taxonomic coverage of microbial eukaryotes, performs well on low-abundance and closely related species, and is resilient against bacterial contamination in eukaryotic genomes. Using EukDetect, we describe the spatial distribution of eukaryotes along the human gastrointestinal tract, showing that fungi and protists are present in the lumen and mucosa throughout the large intestine. We discover that there is a succession of eukaryotes that colonize the human gut during the first years of life, mirroring patterns of developmental succession observed in gut bacteria. By comparing DNA and RNA sequencing of paired samples from human stool, we find that many eukaryotes continue active transcription after passage through the gut, though some do not, suggesting they are dormant or nonviable. We analyze metagenomic data from the Baltic Sea and find that eukaryotes differ across locations and salinity gradients.