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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02593-6 — Allen Dulles, the OSS, and Nazi War Criminals Kerstin Von Lingen Index More Information Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02593-6 — Allen Dulles, the OSS, and Nazi War Criminals Kerstin von Lingen Index More Information Index Adenauer, Konrad, 142–143, 200 escalation of, 32–33 Agarossi, Elena, 13 Green Line and, 33 Airey, Terence (Major General), 4, 70, 155, Hitler crackdown against, 29–30 291 under Kesselring, 33–35 in FTT, 271–272 National Socialism and, 30–31 Alexander, Harold (British Field Marshal, troops as part of, 35 Italy), 29, 68, 70, 81, 108, 246 for Wolff, K., 27–37 Allied Military Government for Occupied Arendt, Hannah, 202 Territories (AMGOT), 108–109 Arnold, Emil, 283 Allied Quebec Conference, 2, 102–104 Aschenauer, Rudolf, 229, 239 Allied War Crimes Commission, Attlee, Clement, 102 116–117 Auschwitz Trial, 203–204. See also Allies. See Great Britain, war crimes policy Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials and; Union of Soviet Socialist Republics; United States Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem (SS- Alpine Fortress, 13 Obergruppenführer), 234, 236 OSS and, 49, 51–52 Badoglio, Pietro (Marshal of Italy), 109 Alta Corte di Giustizia (Italian High Court), Baldegg, Bernhard Mayr von, 64 137 Balnkart, Franz, 286 Alvensleben, Wichard von (Captain), 245 Barbarossa Decree, 31 AMGOT. See Allied Military Government Barbie, Klaus (SS Hauptsturmfuehrer), 27, for Occupied Territories 255–256 amnesty laws, in Italy, 140 Barr, Norbert, 171–172 Andergassen, Heinrich (SS Dulles, A. W., and, 289 Sturmbannführer), 120 Wolff, K., and, 171, 172 Andrus, Burton, 167 Basler Nachrichten, 280 Angleton, James, 194 Bauer, Fritz, 203, 230 ANPI. See National Association of the Belgium, war crimes policy and, 95–96 Italian Partisans extradition of Wolff, K., 290 anticommunism Bell, George (Bishop), 128 Operation Sunrise and, 56–57 Bellenger, Frederick, 127 OSS and, 43 Bellomo, Oreste Nicola (General), 115 antipartisan warfare, in Italy Belzec, deportation of Jews to, 25 317 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02593-6 — Allen Dulles, the OSS, and Nazi War Criminals Kerstin von Lingen Index More Information 318 Index Bergen-Belsen, war crimes trial in, 99–100 communicative silence phase, after Berlusconi, Silvio, 152 denazification trials, 199 Bernay, Murray C., 2 communism, Dulles, A. W., opposition to, Bernsdorff, Albrecht von, 238 57 Bernsdorff, Ingrid Michael von, 165 concentration camps. See also Belzec, Bevin, Ernest, 127 deportation of Jews to; Sobibor, Bichierai, Don, 58 deportation of Jews to; Treblinka, Biddel, Francis, 104 deportation of Jews to Blankenhorn, Herbert, 143, 144 in Italy, 28 Bonin, Bogislaw von (Colonel), 190 conspiracy Bonner Generalanzeiger, 234 in Anglo-American legal systems, 1–2 Borsari, Umberto, 138 definition of, 1 Bradfisch, Otto (SS-Stardartenführer), 220, Operation Sunrise as, 1 234 Corfu, war crimes on, 148. See also Brandl, Alois, 140 Cephalonia, war crimes on Brentano, Heinrich von, 144 Corriere della Sera, 211 British special investigation branch (SIB), Counter Intelligence Corps (CIC), 44 104 Covi, Franz, 140 Brunner, Alois (SS-Obergruppenführer), Crasemann, Eduard (Lieutenant General), 118, 119, 120 117 Burckhardt, Carl, 46 crimes against humanity, as policy concept, Bütefisch, Heinrich, 232 105 CSDIC. See Combined Services Detailed Cable, Eric Grant, 53 Interrogation Centre capitulation conspiracy, 8 CSU. See Christian Social Union Casablanca Agreements, 5, 84 Czechoslovakia, war crimes policy and, 94, war crimes policy and, 97–98 95–96 CDU. See Christian Democratic Union extradition of Wolff, K., 290 Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 41 Cephalonia, war crimes on, 148. See also Daddario, Emilio, 47 Corfu, war crimes on D’Agate, Salvatore, 126 Cheston, Charles, 73 Dan, Uri, 222, 223 China, war crimes policy and, 96 Deane, John, 272 Christian Democratic Union (CDU), 142, DeAngelis, Bruno, 79 144 death penalty, abolishment of, in Italy, Christian Social Union (CSU), 246 130–131 Churchill, Winston, 101, 127 Death’s Head units, 35 new war against Soviets, 262 Declaration of St. James, 95–96 CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency denazification trials CIC. See Counter Intelligence Corps communicative silence phase after, Clarke, Charles, 62 199 clean war, 207 in Hamburg, against Wolff, 7–8, 63, Cold War 187–188 British geopolitical interests in, 259–274 at Nuremberg, 183–197 Operation Sunrise and, 196–197 desire to wipe the slate clean. See Swiss neutrality during, 274–286 Schlußstrich mentality U.S. geopolitical interests in, 259–274 Das Deutsche Heer von 1920-1945 (von USSR geopolitical interests during, Manstein), 163. See also General’s 273–274 Memorandum Combined Services Detailed Interrogation Dietrich, Josef (Waffen-SS), 19 Centre (CSDIC), 159 Disler, Franz Josef, 251 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02593-6 — Allen Dulles, the OSS, and Nazi War Criminals Kerstin von Lingen Index More Information Index 319 Dollmann, Eugen (SS-Stardartenführer), 26, Faber, Josef, 232 47, 58–59, 182, 211, 280, 293 fascism, in Italy, 110–111 Fosse Ardeatine massacre and, 124 Ferencz, Benjamin, 227 in Operation Sunrise, 61 Field, Noel H., 57 as U.S. spy, 280 Field-Fisher, T. (Major), 164 Donovan, William, 3, 39–40, 45. See also Final Solution (codename for Nazi Office of Strategic Services extermination of Jews), 257 conflict with Jackson, R. H., 163 Fioretti, Alessandro (Captain), 126 Wolff, K., and, 4, 162–164 Forza Italia Party, 152 Dostler, Anton (General), 111 Fosse Ardeatine massacre, 112–113 Dulles, Allen W., 4, 37–45, 155, 218, 243, Dollmann and, 124 270. See also Operation Sunrise German involvement in, 125 Barr and, 289 Kappler and, 124, 253 biographical studies of, 10–11 Kesselring and, 124 early life of, 37–38 war criminal trial over, 117–118, 125 International Military Tribunal influenced France, war crimes policy and, 95–96 by, 7 Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials, 200, 203. See legal influence of, 38–39 also Auschwitz Trial after Munich Regional Court trial, Wolff, K., after, 230 242–243 Free Territory of Trieste (FTT), 268–269 Operation Sunrise and, 61–63 Airey and, 271–272 opposition to communism, 57 Stalin and, 271 OSS and, 41 Treaty of Osimo for, 272 in OSS Mission for Germany, 161 Freyberg, Bernhard (Major General), 263 political influence of, 38, 45 Friedman, Tuviah, 199, 294 postwar career of, 44–45 in Munich Regional Court trial, 221–222 resignation of, 205 public campaign against Wolff, K., in Switzerland, 283–286 222–223 Wolff, K., and, 3, 4, 67 FTT. See Free Territory of Trieste Dulles, John Foster, 37–38 legal influence of, 38–39 Ganzenmüller, Albert (Reich Railway political influence of, 38, 45 Director), 26, 221 Gawlik, Hans, 141 Eden, Anthony, 102 Gehlen, Reinhard, 43–44 Eichmann, Adolf (SS Gehlen Organization, 43–44 Obersturmbannfuehrer), 202–203 CIC and, 44 Mossad and, 202 Schmelz in, 217 Munich Regional Court trial influenced by General’s Memorandum Eichmann trial, 219, 234 (Generalsdenkschrift), 163–164 war crime trial against, 202–203, 294 generals’ trials, in the 1950s, 200–201 Wolff, K., and, 219 Germany Einsatzgruppen Trial, 181–182, 201 communicative silence phase in, 199 Eisenhower, Dwight D. (General, CiC Allied CSU in, 246 Forces in Europe), 76 Einsatzgruppen Trial in, 181–182, 201 Engel, Friedrich (SS Obersturmbannfuhrer), Fosse Ardeatine massacre and, 125 153 Frankfurt Auschwitz Trials in, 200, Engel, Gerhard (General Lt.), 237, 238 203–204 Erbacher, Erich, 266 generals’ trials in, 200–201 Europe. See also specific nations Germany Treaty in, 141 OSS in, 45–53 National Socialism in, 24 Evans, H. M., 247 occupation of Italy, 11–13, 109–110 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02593-6 — Allen Dulles, the OSS, and Nazi War Criminals Kerstin von Lingen Index More Information 320 Index Germany (cont.) Himmler, Heinrich Operation Sunrise and, 60–61 cultural promotion under, 22 OSS in, 46 diaries of, 254 Schlußstrich mentality in, 199–200 National Socialism for, 24 war crimes policy for, 10, 92 during Operation Sunrise, 71–73 Gersdorff, Rudolf-Christoph Freiherr von OSS strategy towards, 51 (Major General), 83 personal staff under, 22 Ginny Mission, 111 SS recruitment by, 19 Gisevius, Hans-Bernd, 46 suicide of, 108 Glavin, Edward, 162 Wolff, K., and, 2, 22–24, 71–73, 166 Goldschmied, Leo, 47 Hitler, Adolf Goppel, Alfons, 246 antipartisan warfare under, 29–30 Göring, Hermann (Field Marshal), 31 Barbarossa Decree under, 31 Great Britain fake diaries of, 3, 256 after Cold War, geopolitical interests of, surrender agreements by, 83–84 259–274 Wehrmacht under, 29 in Italian theater of war, 108–154 Wolff, K., and, 84 military courts for, in Italy, 113–114 Hoegner, Wilhelm, 246 public opinion in, for war crimes policy, Hoettl, Walter (SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer), 101–102 15 SIB in, 104 Hofer, Franz (Gau Leader Tyrol, leader of war crimes policy and, 99–100, 101–102, Operational Zone Alpenvorland), 51 195 Hoffmann, Reinhard, 239 Greece, war crimes policy and, 95–96 Höfler, Herbert, 142, 144, 150 Green Line, in Italy, 33 Hradecky, Vaclav, 74 Grüttner, Alfred, 284 Huber, Benedict, 226, 229 Guisan, Henri, 275 Hudal, Alois (Bishop), 142 Huegel, Klaus (SS Sturmbannführer), 8, 53, Halder, Franz (Col. General), 209 63 Hallstein, Walter, 145 Hurst, Cecil, 96 Halse, Richard, 116, 126 Husmann, Max, 60, 63, 170, 279 Hamburger Echo, 194 as possible spy, 60, 280 Handy, Alexander G. (General, C-i-C Wolff, K., and, 172–173 AMGOT), 63, 181 Harding, Lord John (Field Marshal), 128 ICC. See International Criminal Court Harrison, Leland, 37 Immigration and Nationality Act (U.S.), Harster, Wilhelm (Commander in Chief of 195–196 Security of Police in Italy), 25, 28, 52 IMT. See International Military Tribunal in Operation Sunrise, 61 India, war crimes policy and, 96 Haubach, Theo, 83 Institute of Documentation in Israel for the Hausser, Paul (Waffen-SS), 19 Investigation of Nazi War Crimes, 221 Heidemann, Gerd, 26, 27 International Criminal Court (ICC), 93 fake Hitler diaries and, 3, 256 International Military Tribunal (IMT) Wolff, K., and, 254–255 (Nuremberg), 1, 93, 105–106.
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