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FHWA ATM Screening Guidance Final Active Traffic Management Feasibility and Screening Guide May 2015 Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the U.S. Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the use of the information contained in this document. The U.S. Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trademarks or manufacturers' names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the objective of the document. Quality Assurance Statement The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) provides high-quality information to serve Government, industry, and the public in a manner that promotes public understanding. Standards and policies are used to ensure and maximize the quality, objectivity, utility, and integrity of its information. FHWA periodically reviews quality issues and adjusts its programs and processes to ensure continuous quality improvement. Cover photograph sources: Left and right pictures: California Department of Transportation Background picture: Picture of Washington State Department of Transportation Active Traffic Management system in Seattle, Washington, courtesy of Telegra, Inc. II Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA-HOP-14-019 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Active Traffic Management (ATM) Feasibility and Screening Guide May 2015 6. Performing Organization Code 8. Performing Organization Report No. 7. Author(s) Louis Neudorff, Keith McCabe 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) 9. Performing Organization Name And Address CH2M HILL 901 New York Ave NW, Suite 4000 East 11. Contract or Grant No. Washington, DC 20001 DTFH61-12-D-00049-T13003 Under contract to Kittelson and Associates, Inc. 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered U.S. Department of Transportation Final Report Federal Highway Administration Office of Operations 14. Sponsoring Agency Code 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE HOP Washington, DC 20590 15. Supplementary Notes The Task Manager for FHWA is James Colyar. 16. Abstract Active Traffic Management (ATM) concepts, strategies, and supporting technologies have been receiving significant attention given the potential operational benefits that have and can potentially accrue from deploying these strategies. Implementing these ATM concepts and strategies can also involve significant capital costs, followed by ongoing operations and maintenance requirements. As such, some or all ATM strategies may not be cost effective for certain segments and links of the surface transportation network. The Active Traffic Management Feasibility and Screening Guide was developed to assist transportation agencies and planning organizations in making informed investment decisions regarding ATM by determining the feasibility of ATM strategies before committing significant resources towards any subsequent project development and design activities. The Guide was based on an extensive review of literature and This Guide, coupled with interviews with several practitioners who have been directly involved in the feasibility analyses, design, deployment, and/or operation of ATM strategies. It presents a recommended process for agencies to follow as they consider ATM deployment at the feasibility and screening analyses level. Following the guidance will help practitioners to identify specific roadway segments most suited for ATM and the appropriate strategies, and the expected costs and range of benefits. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement active traffic management, adaptive ramp metering, No restrictions adaptive signal control, dynamic junction control, dynamic lane assignment, dynamic lane reversal, dynamic merge control, dynamic shoulder lane, dynamic speed limit, queue warning, transit signal priority 19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 113 Free Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized III This page intentionally left blank. SI* (Modern Metric) Conversion Factors APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS SYMBOL WHEN YOU KNOW MULTIPLY BY TO FIND SYMBOL LENGTH in inches 25.4 millimeters mm ft feet 0.305 meters m yd yards 0.914 meters m mi miles 1.61 kilometers km AREA in2 square inches 645.2 square millimeters mm2 ft2 square feet 0.093 square meters m2 yd2 square yard 0.836 square meters m2 ac acres 0.405 hectares ha mi2 square miles 2.59 square kilometers km2 VOLUME fl oz fluid ounces 29.57 milliliters mL gal gallons 3.785 liters L ft3 cubic feet 0.028 cubic meters m3 yd3 cubic yards 0.765 cubic meters m3 NOTE: volumes greater than 1000 L shall be shown in m3 MASS oz ounces 28.35 grams g lb pounds 0.454 kilograms kg T short tons (2000 lb) 0.907 megagrams Mg (or "t") (or "metric ton") TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) oF Fahrenheit 5 (F-32)/9 Celsius oC or (F-32)/1.8 V SI* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS SYMBOL WHEN YOU KNOW MULTIPLY BY TO FIND SYMBOL ILLUMINATION fc foot-candles 10.76 lux lx fl foot-Lamberts 3.426 candela/m2 cd/m2 FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS lbf poundforce 4.45 newtons N lbf/in2 poundforce per 6.89 kilopascals kPa square inch APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS FROM SI UNITS SYMBOL WHEN YOU KNOW MULTIPLY BY TO FIND SYMBOL LENGTH mm millimeters 0.039 inches in m meters 3.28 feet ft m meters 1.09 yards yd km kilometers 0.621 miles mi AREA mm2 square millimeters 0.0016 square inches in2 m2 square meters 10.764 square feet ft2 m2 square meters 1.195 square yards yd2 ha hectares 2.47 acres ac km2 square kilometers 0.386 square miles mi2 VOLUME mL milliliters 0.034 fluid ounces fl oz L liters 0.264 gallons gal m3 cubic meters 35.314 cubic feet ft3 m3 cubic meters 1.307 cubic yards yd3 MASS g grams 0.035 ounces oz kg kilograms 2.202 pounds lb VI SI* (MODERN METRIC) CONVERSION FACTORS APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS TO SI UNITS SYMBOL WHEN YOU KNOW MULTIPLY BY TO FIND SYMBOL Mg (or "t") megagrams (or 1.103 short tons (2000 lb) T "metric ton") TEMPERATURE (exact degrees) oC Celsius 1.8C+32 Fahrenheit oF ILLUMINATION lx lux 0.0929 foot-candles fc cd/m2 candela/m2 0.2919 foot-Lamberts fl FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS N newtons 0.225 poundforce lbf kPa kilopascals 0.145 poundforce per lbf/in2 square inch VII This page intentionally left blank. Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................ xv 1 Chapter 1. Introduction and Background .................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of this Document ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Context of ATM Feasibility and Screening Guidance .............................................. 2 1.3 How to Use the Guidance ....................................................................................... 3 1.4 Overview of ATM Feasibility and Screening Process .............................................. 5 1.5 Overview of ATM Strategies ................................................................................... 8 1.6 ATM in the Context of ATDM ................................................................................ 11 2 Chapter 2. Get Started—Preparation ........................................................................ 13 2.1 Ensure ATM Supports Regional Goals................................................................... 13 2.2 Identify Relevant Objectives for ATM ................................................................... 20 2.2.1 Tools for Linking ATM Strategies with Goals and Objectives ................... 21 2.3 Define Network to Be Analyzed ............................................................................ 23 2.4 Identify and Collaborate With Stakeholders ........................................................ 23 2.4.1 Stakeholder Education and Outreach ....................................................... 25 2.4.2 Compliance-Related Outreach .................................................................. 26 2.5 Commence Data Collection .................................................................................. 27 2.6 Review Recent Literature ...................................................................................... 29 3 Chapter 3. Assess Agency Policies and Capabilities for Active Traffic Management .... 31 3.1 Define Applicable ATM Strategies in Terms of Network Features, Project Scope, Agency Policies, and Legal Considerations ................................... 32 3.1.1 Roadway Network and Facility Type ......................................................... 32 3.1.2 Agency Policies and Practices ................................................................... 32 3.1.3 Legal Considerations ................................................................................. 32 3.2 Confirm Supporting Institutional Framework Is in Place ...................................... 33 4 Chapter 4. Identify Major Roadway Segments for Potential Active Traffic Management............................................................................................................ 35 4.1 Determine Level of Existing Transportation Systems Management and Operations and Intelligent Transportation System Deployment ......................... 35 4.2 Identify Major Segments That Will Likely Benefit From Deploying Active Traffic Management .................................................................................. 37 4.2.1 Safety
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