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Wichita History Can Be an Enormous Amount of Infor- Be Looking at Our Goals for the Upcom- Page 3 Mation That the Committee Has to Be Ing Year and Beyond

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Wichita History Can Be an Enormous Amount of Infor- Be Looking at Our Goals for the Upcom- Page 3 Mation That the Committee Has to Be Ing Year and Beyond WICHITA AND AFFILIATED TRIBES NEWSLETTER August 2012 P.O. Box 729 Phone: 405.247.2425 Anadarko, OK 73005 Fax: 405.247.2430 Website: [email protected] www.wichitatribe.com Wichita Executive Committee Terms Expire 07/2016 President’s Report President I hope everyone is doing well. In 2008, Gerald Collins and Terri Parton The Wichita Executive Committee is former President Gary McAdams along excited to finally have a full Committee with the Committee had a vision to de- Vice-President and also a new Tribal Administrator. velop the property across the highway. Jesse E. Jones We have a few more vacant positions We applied for and recieved a grant that need to be filled and hope to fill from HUD for a travel plaza. The Secretary those soon. Hopefully, this will help us Tribe was awarded the grant. Edward Myles Stephenson Jr. start moving along more rapidly with Stephenson, CDBG Director, is cur- the many things that we are working on. rently working on the grant with the Treasurer The Wichita Executive Com- Committee. We have engaged other S. Robert White Jr. mittee has been very busy during the entities to help move this process along. Committee Member month of August trying to gather infor- We hope to be completed with the pro- Shirley Davilla mation on all of the programs and Com- ject by December 2013. This project missions so that we can begin to spend alone will require a lot of detail. Committee Member the month of September preparing the We just completed an internal Karen Thompson FY-2013 Budget. review on the casino so that we can We have at least 39 programs, look at ways to improve areas of opera- Committee Member grants or contracts with rules, regula- tion. This was a joint effort between Gladys Walker tions, budgets, laws that we must be Sugar Creek Casino, the Wichita Exec- aware of. We have at least 6 boards or utive Committee and the Wichita Gam- Tribal Administrator Sam Caruso Commissions that all have rules, regula- ing Commission. Mr. Coleman has tions and laws. We also have Sugar been an asset to the Tribe over the last Creek Casino, Wichita Tribal Smoke few years. He has a great team of staff This issues features: Shop and the Child Development Cen- which include several Tribal Members. ter. Hopefully, you can see how this Along with the budget, we will Page 2 & 3 Wichita History can be an enormous amount of infor- be looking at our goals for the upcom- Page 3 mation that the Committee has to be ing year and beyond. In order to get Tribal Administrator aware of and stay on top of in order to things moving and addressing some of Page 4 move our Tribe forward. the issues such as Absentee Voting, Wichita History Lecture Page 5 While programs are our top Blood Quantum Issue, and various oth- Tribal Youth-Our Future priority during the month of September er issues that have come up over the Page 6 because of the budget, there are also years, it is important that we, as a Com- Anadarko Industries many other issues that we are trying to mittee, sit down and discuss and plan Page 7 & 8 address. out how we want to approach these is- Election Results Juvenile Services We are looking at amending sues so that we, the officials that you Page 9 some of our laws and creating new laws elected, do it as a team. Social Services Program so that we ensure that the Tribe is pro- Please keep the Committee, our Pages 10-12 tected and improve our infrastructure as staff and the Tribe in your prayers as Education-Graduates Spirit Walk/5K Run we move forward with other business we move forward. With the Creators Story by Derek Ross projects. help, we envision great things for our people in the near future. 1 Wichita History Removal from Texas One hundred and fifty-three years ago on Indians on the Texas frontier (for which they were August 16, 1859, the journey of the Waco and Ta- blamed) and the gradual extension of White settle- wakoni from the Brazos Reserve to the Anadarko ment around the Reserve would eventually lead to area was complete. A few days earlier the Wichita the end of the Brazos Reservation experiment. and Keechi arrived from the Ft. Arbuckle area.1 Due to the continued hostilities by the Tex- This journey was the culmination of a centuries ans toward the Reserve Indians, acting Commis- long process that began with the arrival of Colum- sioner of Indian Affairs, Charles E. Mix, ordered bus in what is now known as North America. the removal of the tribes from the Brazos Reserve Though indirectly at first, the unrelenting guest of to what became known as the Leased District in the Europeans and then the Americans to colonize Indian Territory. The Leased District was an area the Indian homeland would eventually overwhelm located between the Canadian and Washita Rivers our ancestors and push them to the brink of extinc- primarily in what is now Caddo County, Oklaho- tion. ma.6 The Leased District was created by agree- Despite the numerous peace treaties which ment of the Choctaw and Chickasaw who had been proposed to end the hostilities among the Texas granted the lands when they were removed from Tribes, the intrusive tribes, the Republic of Texas the southeastern United States. and late the United States; the unquenchable thirst Before the removal could be implemented, on the part of the Whites for land and resources John R. Baylor, a former Indian Agent for the Co- doomed every agreement. Certainly, other trans- manches, led a force of several hundred Texas gressions by all parties occurred but it was this frontiersman to the Brazos Reserve with the intent never ending desire to dispossess our people of of driving the Reserve Indians from the state of their land and way of life that led to the inevitable Texas by force. When federal troops form nearby removal of the Waco and Tawakoni from Texas. military installations arrived to defend the Re- In 1854, the United States in cooperation serve, the attack was abandoned. As the Texans with the state of Texas established two reserva- were leaving they killed and scalped an old Indian tions along the Brazos River in what is now man who had wandered outside the Reserve’s de- Throckmorton and Young Counties.2 In Throck- fenses. Because of this, a party of Indians pursued morton they placed the Penateka Comanches and the Texans killing two and wounding six others. in Young County was place the Waco, Tawakoni, On their return they also found an Indian woman Caddo and other bands.3 By March 31, 1855 sev- who had been killed and scalped.7 After this con- eral hundred Caddos, Ionies, Anadarkos, Ton- frontation, federal officials began in earnest to im- kawas, Tawakonies, Wacos, Delawares, Shawnees plement the decision to remove the Tribes to the and Cherokees were settled in five villages on the Indian Territory. Brazos Reserve. By August the reservation census On August 1, 1859, Major Robert S. was 792 including 136 Tawakonies and 94 Wa- Neighbors, Superintendent of Indian Affairs in cos.4 Texas, departed the Brazos Reserve with 1,051 During the four years the Brazos Reserve Indians of which there were 144 Wacos and 200 was occupied, the population fluctuated and efforts Tawakonies. The Tribes were escorted by one in- to provide for themselves by farming and raising fantry company and two cavalry companies. Ac- livestock produced mixed results due to unfavora- cording to a report submitted by Neighbors to the ble weather and a grasshopper plague.5 Besides Commissioner of Indian Affairs, the Tribes experi- these challenges, continued raids by non-reserve enced one death and one birth during the 16 day 2 Wichita History Continued Removal from Texas-Continued journey to the Leased District.8 The Tribes suffered greatly from hunger Finally on August 16 the Tribes arrived at and disease during their time in Kansas. It was not the confluence of Sugar Creek and the Washita until 1868 that they would make their way back to River which is about 3 or 4 miles northeast of pre- the Leased District to re-establish their villages in sent day Anadarko.9 Over the next several days, the Sugar Creek and Washita River vallies where the Tribes searched for suitable village sites. The many of our people still reside.11 Wacos and Tawakonies settled along Sugar Creek; 1. Elam, Earl H. The Wichita Indians and Associated Tribes in Texas the Wichitas and Keechies settled near the Canadi- 1757-1859, Hill College Press, Hillsboro, TX 2008, p. 345, 346 an River. As it turned out, our people’s journies 2. Ibid p. 322 3. Ibid p. 322 were not over. Within two years, they would be 4. Ibid p. 325 forced to move again with the outbreak of the Civ- 5. Ibid p. 326 10 6. Ibid p. 339 il War at which time they fled to Kansas. 7. Ibid p. 340 8. Ibid p. 345 9. Ibid p. 346 10. Ibid p. 347 11. Ibid p. 347 Tribal Administrator Hired-Sam Caruso Mr. Sam E. Caruso was hired as the Tribal Administrator in August of 2012 by the Wichita Executive Com- mittee. He officially began employment with the Tribe on Wednesday, August 29, 2012. Mr. Caruso has been involved with various Tribal governments and Tribal enterprises for more than a decade. He has held the position of Director of Finance, CEO, President, Board Member, and Gaming Commissioner for various Tribes.
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