Democracy to Dictatorship

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GCSE - Democracy to Dictatorship Joseph Goebbels, Along with Adolf Hitler, these were the men who Wilhelm Frick, Ernst led to Nazi Party in 1933 when they came to Rohm, Hermann power. Goering, Rudolph Hess, Heinrich Himmler The Treaty of The name of the treaty signed between Germany Versailles and the victorious powers. Germany felt that is was a ‘dictated peace’. Brot und Arbeit This is German for ‘work and bread’. This was promised to Germans by the Nazi Party. This appealed to unemployed Germans. Lebensraum ‘Living Space’ was part of the Nazi ideology. The German people should take over land in the East to feed their population. Racial Ideology The Nazis were anti-semitic (hated the Jews). They saw Germans as ubermenschen and non- Germans as untermenschen. Reichstag Fire On 27th February 1933 the German Government building burnt down. The Nazis used this as an excuse to crack down on opponents. Enabling Act Hitler passes a law in March 1933 which allows him to govern without the Reichstag. Hitler is now in total control. Trade Unions Organisations which represent workers and fight for worker rights. Hitler makes them illegal in May 1933. Night of the Long On the 29th and 30th of June 1934 Hitler Knives eliminates rivals for power. Opponents, inside and outside the party, are killed or arrested. Death of President In July 1934 this event makes it possible for Hindenburg Hitler to further increase his power by combining posts into overall leader (Fuhrer) position. .

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Print Version
Volume 7. Nazi Germany, 1933-1945 Adolf Hitler’s (1889-1945) appointment as Reich Chancellor on January 30, 1933, was neither accidental nor inevitable; rather, it was a testimony to the ability of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party [Nationalsozialistischen Deutschen Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP] to successfully exploit basic weaknesses in the Weimar Republic to gain significant popular support. Without unexpected help from his political rivals, however, Hitler could have never become chancellor legally – or perhaps even at all. Back in September 1930, the Nazi Party had captured 18.3 percent of the vote in a national election, gaining the second largest number of seats in the Reichstag, the lower house of the German parliament. Up to that point, political opponents and observers had mostly viewed National Socialism as a movement of roughnecks and alienated elements who sought to overthrow the republic by force – something that Hitler, in fact, had tried and failed to do in his putsch attempt in November 1923. By the late 1920s, however, Nazi officials and local activists working within the system had built up an increasingly effective organizational base throughout much of Germany and had discovered new – and legal – ways to appeal to different social strata. During the Great Depression, the Nazis parlayed Hitler’s charisma, massive unemployment, and middle- and upper-class fears of Communism and Socialism into a considerable increase in popular support. These years saw the Nazis and the Communists embroiled in a bitter struggle in the Reichstag, where both tried to prevent the passage of government measures at every turn. At the same time, their respective paramilitary forces, the Sturmabteilung [Storm Detachment, also known as the SA or the Brownshirts] and the Rotfrontkämpferbund [Red Front Fighters’ League] battled each other (and the Social Democratic-oriented Reichsbanner organization) in the streets and beer halls of towns and cities throughout the country.
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