DOCSLIB.ORG

Völkisch Writers and National Socialism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Völkisch Writers and National Socialism CULTURAL HISTORY AND LITERARY IMAGINATION This book provides a view of literary life under the Nazis, highlighting • Guy Tourlamain the ambiguities, rivalries and conflicts that determined the cultural climate of that period and beyond. Focusing on a group of writers – in particular, Hans Grimm, Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer, Wilhelm Schäfer, Emil Strauß, Börries Freiherr von Münchhausen and Rudolf Binding – it examines the continuities in völkisch-nationalist thought in Germany from c.1890 into the post-war period and the ways in which völkisch-nationalists identified themselves in opposition to four successive German regimes: the Kaiserreich, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the Federal Republic. Although their work Völkisch predated Hitler’s National Socialist movement, their contribution to preparing the cultural climate for the rise of Nazism ensured them continued prominence in the Third Reich. Those who survived into the post-war era continued to represent the völkisch-nationalist worldview in the West German public sphere, opposing both Socialism and National Writers the Soviet and liberal-democratic models for Germany’s future. While not uncontroversial, they were able to achieve significant publishing success, suggesting that a demand existed for their works among the German public, stimulating debate about the nature of the recent past and its effect on Germany’s cultural and political identity and position in the world. Völkisch Writers and National Socialism Guy Tourlamain received his D.Phil. from Oxford University in 2007. He also spent time as a visiting student at the University of Gießen, A Study of Right-Wing Political Culture University of Hamburg and Humboldt University in Berlin as well as undertaking postdoctoral research at the German Literature in Germany, 1890–1960 Archive in Marbach am Neckar. From 2007 to 2012 he was Lecturer in Modern History at Liverpool Hope University. He currently lives and works in Bonn. GUY TOURLAMAIN ISBN 978-3-03911-958-5 www.peterlang.com Peter Lang CULTURAL HISTORY AND LITERARY IMAGINATION This book provides a view of literary life under the Nazis, highlighting • Guy Tourlamain the ambiguities, rivalries and conflicts that determined the cultural climate of that period and beyond. Focusing on a group of writers – in particular, Hans Grimm, Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer, Wilhelm Schäfer, Emil Strauß, Börries Freiherr von Münchhausen and Rudolf Binding – it examines the continuities in völkisch-nationalist thought in Germany from c.1890 into the post-war period and the ways in which völkisch-nationalists identified themselves in opposition to four successive German regimes: the Kaiserreich, the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the Federal Republic. Although their work Völkisch predated Hitler’s National Socialist movement, their contribution to preparing the cultural climate for the rise of Nazism ensured them continued prominence in the Third Reich. Those who survived into the post-war era continued to represent the völkisch-nationalist worldview in the West German public sphere, opposing both Socialism and National Writers the Soviet and liberal-democratic models for Germany’s future. While not uncontroversial, they were able to achieve significant publishing success, suggesting that a demand existed for their works among the German public, stimulating debate about the nature of the recent past and its effect on Germany’s cultural and political identity and position in the world. Völkisch Writers and National Socialism Guy Tourlamain received his D.Phil. from Oxford University in 2007. He also spent time as a visiting student at the University of Gießen, A Study of Right-Wing Political Culture University of Hamburg and Humboldt University in Berlin as well as undertaking postdoctoral research at the German Literature in Germany, 1890–1960 Archive in Marbach am Neckar. From 2007 to 2012 he was Lecturer in Modern History at Liverpool Hope University. He currently lives and works in Bonn. GUY TOURLAMAIN www.peterlang.com Peter Lang Völkisch Writers and National Socialism CULTURAL HISTORY AND LITERARY IMAGINATION EDITED BY CHRISTIAN J. EMDEN & DAVID MIDGLEY VOL. 21 PETER LANG Oxford • Bern • Berlin • Bruxelles • Frankfurt am Main • New York • Wien Völkisch Writers and National Socialism A Study of Right-Wing Political Culture in Germany, 1890–1960 Guy Tourlamain PETER LANG Oxford • Bern • Berlin • Bruxelles • Frankfurt am Main • New York • Wien Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche - Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www. www.knowledgeunlatched.org. Open Access: The online version of this publication is published on www.peterlang.com and www.econstor.eu under the international Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0. Learn more on how you can use and share this work: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-nd/4.0/. All versions of this work may contain content reproduced under license from third parties. Permission to reproduce this third-party content must be obtained from these third-parties directly. Cover image: Monument of the Battles of the Nations (Völkerschlachtdenkmal) in Leipzig, Germany. Source: <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ File:Völkerschlachtdenkmal_(Monument_of_the_Battles_of_the_Nations).jpg> . Photo by Gunther Kuhnle, 2013. CC-BY-SA-3.0 license (<http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en>). ISSN 1660-6205 ISBN 978-3-03911-958-5 (print) ISBN 978-3-0353-0635-4 (eBook) © Peter Lang AG, International Academic Publishers, Bern 2014 Hochfeldstrasse 32, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland [email protected], www.peterlang.com, www.peterlang.net This publication has been peer reviewed. Contents Acknowledgements vii Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 Chapter 1 ‘Wegbereiter’ for the Nazis? Völkisch-Nationalist Writers in Germany, 1870–1933 23 Chapter 2 Völkisch Writers and National Socialist Kulturpolitik 99 Chapter 3 The German Literature Academy: Control Mechanism or Cauldron of Dissent? 157 Chapter 4 Beyond the Literature Academy 217 Chapter 5 Völkisch-Nationalism in the Post-War Era 279 Concluding Remarks 347 Select Bibliography 353 Index 373 Acknowledgements This book would not have been possible without the help of many people. I owe particular thanks to Anthony Nicholls at St Antony’s College, Oxford, who, with his knowledge of German history, patiently guided me through my doctoral thesis, the starting point for this work. I would also like to thank Axel Schildt and Uwe Lohalm at the Forschungsstelle für Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg, Christoph Kleßmann of the Institut für zeit- historische Forschung in Potsdam and Siegfried Lokatis at the University of Potsdam, all of whom have given me the benefit of their advice. Peter Pulzer and Jeremy Noakes examined the original thesis, provided rigorous criticism and generous suggestions. Similarly, my thanks go to the editors of the Cultural History and Literary Imagination book series at Peter Lang, David Midgley and Christian Emden, for their careful reading of the text and comments based on their very considerable knowledge of the field. Yoav Alon, John Appleby, Frank Druffner, Jocasta Gardner, Randall Hansen, Bernhard Fulda and Zoe Waxman all read chapters at various stages. I am extremely grateful for their insights; any remaining flaws are my own. I am also grateful to the staff of numerous libraries and archives in Germany, in particular the staff of the Forschungsstelle für Zeitgeschichte in Hamburg and the German Federal Archives in Berlin. Above all, with- out the help of the staff of the German Literature Archive in Marbach am Neckar this book would never have been completed. One of the greatest challenges for such a project is that of funding. I am therefore extremely grateful to the Alfred Toepfer Stiftung F.V.S., whose award of a ‘Hanseatic Scholarship for Britons’ allowed me to spend two years studying in Hamburg and Berlin. I would also like to thank the Deutsche Schillergesellschaft Marbach, which provided me with a ‘Marbach Stipendium’ and two postdoctoral grants in order that I might carry out research at the German Literature Archive in Marbach am Neckar. Finally, a visiting research fellowship at the SFB 640 ‘Repräsentationen viii Acknowledgements sozialer Ordnungen im Wandel’ at the Humboldt University in Berlin in the autumn of 2011 provided much needed resources and writing time. Colleagues at Liverpool Hope University were also sources of advice and support, in particular John Appleby, Rachel Cowgill, Patrice Haynes, Jan Jobling, Terry and John Phillips and Fiona Pogson. The list of remain- ing friends who have kept me going is long. I thank them all! Steven and Jake gave me hospitality for a summer in San Francisco, where sec- tions of the book were written; discussions with James Hanvey, Frank Gehring, Katharine Gilmartin, Philip Kennedy, Christian Könne and Kevin Kornegay provided feedback, encouragement and stimulus; John Worthen and Cornelia Rumpf-Worthen provided meals and a desk for the final phase. Finally this work would not have been possible without the sup- port of Stefan Kirmse, who accompanied
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Öffentliche Bekanntmachung Kreiswahl Am 12
    Öffentliche Bekanntmachung Kreiswahl am 12. September 2021 im Landkreis Schaumburg Gemäß § 28 Abs. 6 des Niedersächsischen Kommunalwahlgesetzes i.d.F. vom 28.01.2014 (Nds. GVBl. S. 35), zuletzt geändert durch Gesetz vom 10.06.2021 (Nds. GVBl. S. 368) und § 38 der Niedersächsischen Kommunalwahlordnung i.d.F. vom 05.07.2006 (Nds. GVBl. S. 280, 431), zuletzt geändert durch Verordnung vom 01.07.2021 (Nds. GVBl. S. 446), mache ich die für die Kreiswahl am 12. September 2021 im Landkreis Schaumburg zugelassenen Wahlvorschläge bekannt: Bewerberinnen und Bewerber im Wahlbereich 1 - Stadt Rinteln (1) Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (SPD) 1 Bredemeier, Birte Dipl.-Umweltwissenschaftlerin *1982 Rinteln 2 Ruhnau, Carsten Lehrer *1977 Rinteln 3 Kirchhoff, Bernd Systemadministrator *1971 Rinteln 4 Teigeler-Tegtmeier, Astrid Geschäftsführerin *1963 Rinteln 5 Schumann, Philipp Staatl. anerkannter Erzieher *1985 Rinteln 6 Berlitz, Linda Auszubildende *2001 Rinteln 7 Posnien, Volker Dipl.-Finanzwirt *1962 Rinteln 8 Neumann, Ursula Rentnerin *1951 Rinteln 9 Sprick, Burkhard Fachkrankenpfleger *1961 Rinteln 10 Mehrens, Petra Lehrerin *1960 Rinteln 11 Sander, Sebastian Bürokaufmann *1973 Rinteln 12 Künneke, Helmuth Rentner *1947 Rinteln (2) Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands in Niedersachsen (CDU) 1 Steding, Marion Dipl.-Bauingenieurin *1974 Rinteln 2 Rauch, Veit Fleischermeister *1968 Rinteln 3 Kretzer, Thorsten Rechtsanwalt *1969 Rinteln 4 Hoppe, Steffen Schüler *1998 Rinteln 5 Lee, Anthony-Robert Landwirt *1976 Rinteln 6 Seidel, Ulrich
    [Show full text]
  • Nazi Germany and the Jews Ch 3.Pdf
    AND THE o/ w VOLUME I The Years of Persecution, i933~i939 SAUL FRIEDLANDER HarperCollinsPííMí^ers 72 • THE YEARS OF PERSECUTION, 1933-1939 dependent upon a specific initial conception and a visible direction. Such a CHAPTER 3 conception can be right or wrong; it is the starting point for the attitude to be taken toward all manifestations and occurrences of life and thereby a compelling and obligatory rule for all action."'^'In other words a worldview as defined by Hitler was a quasi-religious framework encompassing imme­ Redemptive Anti-Semitism diate political goals. Nazism was no mere ideological discourse; it was a political religion commanding the total commitment owed to a religious faith."® The "visible direction" of a worldview implied the existence of "final goals" that, their general and hazy formulation notwithstanding, were sup­ posed to guide the elaboration and implementation of short-term plans. Before the fall of 1935 Hitler did not hint either in public or in private I what the final goal of his anti-Jewish policy might be. But much earlier, as On the afternoon of November 9,1918, Albert Ballin, the Jewish owner of a fledgling political agitator, he had defined the goal of a systematic anti- the Hamburg-Amerika shipping line, took his life. Germany had lost the Jewish policy in his notorious first pohtical text, the letter on the "Jewish war, and the Kaiser, who had befriended him and valued his advice, had question" addressed on September 16,1919, to one Adolf Gemlich. In the been compelled to abdicate and flee to Holland, while in Berlin a republic short term the Jews had to be deprived of their civil rights: "The final aim was proclaimed.
    [Show full text]
  • German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919
    German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919 Lucia Juliette Linares Darwin College Dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2019 PREFACE I hereby declare that this dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any other work that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other university or similar institution except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other university or similar institution except as declared in the preface and specified in the text. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the Faculty of History. All translations are my own unless specified in the text. i ABSTRACT German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914-1919 Lucia Juliette Linares The First World War confronted German politicians with a range of unprecedented, vital questions in the spheres of domestic as well as foreign policy. As the fortunes of war shifted, so did borders, populations and national allegiances. In a period of acute and almost constant political crisis, the German government faced issues concerning citizenship, minority rights, religious identity, nationhood and statehood. My dissertation analyses these issues through the prism of the so-called 'Jewish Question'.
    [Show full text]
  • Nietzsche's Jewish Problem: Between Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism
    © Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. CHAPTER ONE The Rise and Fall of Nietzschean Anti- Semitism REACTIONS OF ANTI- SEMITES PRIOR TO 1900 Discussions and remarks about Jews and Judaism can be found throughout Nietzsche’s writings, from the juvenilia and early letters until the very end of his sane existence. But his association with anti-Semitism during his life- time culminates in the latter part of the 1880s, when Theodor Fritsch, the editor of the Anti- Semitic Correspondence, contacted him. Known widely in the twentieth century for his Anti- Semites’ Catechism (1887), which appeared in forty- nine editions by the end of the Second World War, Fritsch wrote to Nietz sche in March 1887, assuming that he harbored similar views toward the Jews, or at least that he was open to recruitment for his cause.1 We will have an opportunity to return to this episode in chapter five, but we should observe that although Fritsch erred in his assumption, from the evidence he and the German public possessed at the time, he had more than sufficient reason to consider Nietzsche a like- minded thinker. First, in 1887 Nietzsche was still associated with Richard Wagner and the large circle of Wagnerians, whose ideology contained obvious anti- Semitic tendencies. Nietzsche’s last published work on Wagner, the deceptive encomium Richard Wagner in Bayreuth (1876), may contain the seeds of Nietzsche’s later criticism of the composer, but when it was published, it was regarded as celebratory and a sign of Nietzsche’s continued allegiance to the Wagnerian cultural move- ment.
    [Show full text]
  • The Significance of Dehumanization: Nazi Ideology and Its Psychological Consequences
    Politics, Religion & Ideology ISSN: 2156-7689 (Print) 2156-7697 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ftmp21 The Significance of Dehumanization: Nazi Ideology and Its Psychological Consequences Johannes Steizinger To cite this article: Johannes Steizinger (2018): The Significance of Dehumanization: Nazi Ideology and Its Psychological Consequences, Politics, Religion & Ideology To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2018.1425144 © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Published online: 24 Jan 2018. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ftmp21 POLITICS, RELIGION & IDEOLOGY, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1080/21567689.2018.1425144 The Significance of Dehumanization: Nazi Ideology and Its Psychological Consequences Johannes Steizinger Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT Several authors have recently questioned whether dehumanization is a psychological prerequisite of mass violence. This paper argues that the significance of dehumanization in the context of National Socialism can be understood only if its ideological dimension is taken into account. The author concentrates on Alfred Rosenberg’s racist doctrine and shows that Nazi ideology can be read as a political anthropology that grounds both the belief in the German privilege and the dehumanization of the Jews. This anthropological framework combines biological, cultural and metaphysical aspects. Therefore, it cannot be reduced to biologism. This new reading of Nazi ideology supports three general conclusions: First, the author reveals a complex strategy of dehumanization which is not considered in the current psychological debate.
    [Show full text]
  • Winona Daily News Winona City Newspapers
    Winona State University OpenRiver Winona Daily News Winona City Newspapers 2-24-1969 Winona Daily News Winona Daily News Follow this and additional works at: https://openriver.winona.edu/winonadailynews Recommended Citation Winona Daily News, "Winona Daily News" (1969). Winona Daily News. 843. https://openriver.winona.edu/winonadailynews/843 This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Winona City Newspapers at OpenRiver. It has been accepted for inclusion in Winona Daily News by an authorized administrator of OpenRiver. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Continued Cloudy Read By More WifrY Occasional Than 90,000 Snow, Drizzle People Every Day Surgery on Ike Said Successful' PROMISES 70 CONSULT EUROPEAN ALLIES Reported 'Resting Nixon: Will Talk With Soviets Comfortably as BRUSSELS (AP) - President;.concern to the Atlantic allies: because we recognize that the mined to listen with a new at- Nixon had discussed with Bel- Can Be Expected' Nixon told America's European the new dispute , between the chances for successful negotia- tentiveness to its NATO part- gian officials the latest chill in WASHINGTON (AP) - For- Earlier thus morning a team allies today that he later will British and French govern- tions depend on our unity." ners," he declared, "not only British-French relations, he re- mer President Dwight D. Eisen- of Army doctors had pro- "enter into negotiations with the ments, and the possibility of an He went on- because they have a right to be plied: "I don't have any infor- nounced the 2 hour, 20 minute Soviet Union on a wide range ef East-West confrontation in Ber- ea ut b se we want nation on that." ' hower is "resting as comfortably "I realize that this course has * fd j ffBdl as can be expected," Walter operation fo>r removal of an in- issues," and he promised to con- lin.
    [Show full text]
  • Instrumentalising the Past: the Germanic Myth in National Socialist Context
    RJHI 1 (1) 2014 Instrumentalising the Past: The Germanic Myth in National Socialist Context Irina-Maria Manea * Abstract : In the search for an explanatory model for the present or even more, for a fundament for national identity, many old traditions were rediscovered and reutilized according to contemporary desires. In the case of Germany, a forever politically fragmented space, justifying unity was all the more important, especially beginning with the 19 th century when it had a real chance to establish itself as a state. Then, beyond nationalism and romanticism, at the dawn of the Third Reich, the myth of a unified, powerful, pure people with a tradition dating since time immemorial became almost a rule in an ideology that attempted to go back to the past and select those elements which could have ensured a historical basis for the regime. In this study, we will attempt to focus on two important aspects of this type of instrumentalisation. The focus of the discussion is mainly Tacitus’ Germania, a work which has been forever invoked in all sorts of contexts as a means to discover the ancient Germans and create a link to the modern ones, but in the same time the main beliefs in the realm of history and archaeology are underlined, so as to catch a better glimpse of how the regime has been instrumentalising and overinterpreting highly controversial facts. Keywords : Tacitus, Germania, myth, National Socialism, Germany, Kossinna, cultural-historical archaeology, ideology, totalitarianism, falsifying history During the twentieth century, Tacitus’ famous work Germania was massively instrumentalised by the Nazi regime, in order to strengthen nationalism and help Germany gain an aura of eternal glory.
    [Show full text]
  • Local Expellee Monuments and the Contestation of German Postwar Memory
    To Our Dead: Local Expellee Monuments and the Contestation of German Postwar Memory by Jeffrey P. Luppes A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Germanic Languages and Literatures) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor Andrei S. Markovits, Chair Professor Geoff Eley Associate Professor Julia C. Hell Associate Professor Johannes von Moltke © Jeffrey P. Luppes 2010 To My Parents ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Writing a dissertation is a long, arduous, and often lonely exercise. Fortunately, I have had unbelievable support from many people. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor and dissertation committee chair, Andrei S. Markovits. Andy has played the largest role in my development as a scholar. In fact, his seminal works on German politics, German history, collective memory, anti-Americanism, and sports influenced me intellectually even before I arrived in Ann Arbor. The opportunity to learn from and work with him was the main reason I wanted to attend the University of Michigan. The decision to come here has paid off immeasurably. Andy has always pushed me to do my best and has been a huge inspiration—both professionally and personally—from the start. His motivational skills and dedication to his students are unmatched. Twice, he gave me the opportunity to assist in the teaching of his very popular undergraduate course on sports and society. He was also always quick to provide recommendation letters and signatures for my many fellowship applications. Most importantly, Andy helped me rethink, re-work, and revise this dissertation at a crucial point.
    [Show full text]
  • Dichter Für Das »Dritte Reich« Band 5
    Leseprobe Rolf Düsterberg (Hg.) Dichter für das »Dritte Reich« Band 5 Biografische Studien zum Verhältnis von Literatur und Ideologie 10 Autorenporträts und eine Skizze über die Deutsche Akademie für Bildung und Kultur AISTHESIS VERLAG Bielefeld 2020 Abbildung auf dem Umschlag: Schaufenster einer Buchhandlung in Berlin, in dem einschlägige, propagan- distische Nazi-Literatur ausgestellt wird, darunter Mein Kampf von Adolf Hitler. Foto: Scherl (1933) Copyright: Scherl/Süddeutsche Zeitung Photo Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © Aisthesis Verlag Bielefeld 2020 Postfach 10 04 27, D-33504 Bielefeld Satz: Germano Wallmann, www.geisterwort.de Druck: Majuskel Medienproduktion gmbh, Wetzlar Alle Rechte vorbehalten ISBN 978-3-8498-1536-3 www.aisthesis.de Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung .......................................................................................................... 7 Judith Schnittger Elisabeth Effenberger – die schwärmerische Jung-Ideologin ............ 25 Janina Joram Otto Erler – der Deutsch-Germane ...................................................... 57 Ann-Christine Lübker Annemarie Fromme-Bechem – die niederrheinische Heimatdichterin ......................................................................................... 85 Nikola Götzl Fritz Helke – der Multifunktionär des Jugendschrifttums ...............
    [Show full text]
  • Goebbels' Wortgewalt
    Goebbels’ Wortgewalt: Der Klang der Vernichtung Eine ideologiekritische Analyse der Sprache im Nationalsozialismus anhand der Linzer Rede vom 15. März 1942 Diplomarbeit Zur Erlangung des Magistergrades der Philosophie (Mag. phil.) Studienrichtung: Politikwissenschaft Studienkennzahl: A-300 Matrikelnummer: 0304415 Betreuer: Univ. Prof. Dr. Walter Manoschek eingereicht von Christoph Wendler Wien, Oktober 2010 „Hitler hat den Menschen im Stande ihrer Unfreiheit einen neuen kategorischen Imperativ aufgezwungen: ihr Denken und Handeln so einzurichten, daß Auschwitz nicht sich wiederhole, nichts Ähnliches geschehe.“ (Adorno 1966, 358) Diese Arbeit ist all jenen Menschen gewidmet, auf deren Erkenntnissen mein eigenes Wissen fußt. I II Prolog Meiner Diplomarbeit seien zuallererst ein paar Dankesworte vorangestellt, da der Arbeitsprozess, der schlussendlich zu ihr hinführte, nicht im luftleeren Raum erfolgt ist, sondern eine lange Vorgeschichte aufweist. Ohne mehrjähriges Studium wäre mir das Verfassen dieser Arbeit nicht möglich gewesen. Das eigene Wissen zu vertiefen braucht Muße. In einer Gesellschaft aber, in der Zeit in engerem Sinne kostbar ist, denn „Zeit ist Geld“, setzt dies auch eine materielle Basis und Absicherung voraus. Mein besonderer Dank gebührt daher meinen lieben Eltern, Eva-Maria und Michael Wendler, für ihre großzügigen finanziellen Zuwendungen, die mich über all die Jahre davor bewahrt haben, meine Arbeitskraft zu Markte tragen und verkaufen zu müssen, sodass ich mich voll und ganz auf die Kopfarbeit konzentrieren konnte. Auch meinen Großeltern möchte ich an dieser Stelle recht herzlich dafür danken. Sie alle nahmen mir den Druck, der ansonsten wie ein Alp auf dem Intellektuellen lastet. So konnte ich meinen theoretischen Interessen und politischen Ambitionen unbeschwert nachgehen, und das in einem Maße, wie es den meisten Menschen in der kapitalistischen Vergesellschaftung zweifellos unmöglich ist.
    [Show full text]
  • Hitler Terror in 1935
    .--<. '.'\ \\ .> , '. 000217 \~ HITLER TERROR IN 1935 SOCIALIST· LABOR COLLECTION WITH A CHAPTER . ON FASCIST TERROR IN AUSTRIA • Publish ed by The Research Department CHEST FOR LIBERATION OF ~ORKERS OF EUROPE 3 West 16th Street. New York. N. Y. 2'4 Telephone CHelsea 3-4336 forLI BERATION oFWORKERS of EUROPE THREE WEST SIXTEENTH STREET NEW YORK CITY WILLIAM GREEN MATTHEW WOLL Chairman Vice-Chairman JOSEPH N. WEBER DAVID DUBINSKY Secretary Treasurer HARRY LEE FRANKLIN Executive Secret ary FIGHT AGAINST FASCISM BY BOYCOTT AGAINST GERMAN GOODS AND SERVICES AND BY SUPPORTING THE LABOR CHEST COMMITTEE JOHN COEFIELD, Presid ent itAYMOND LOWRY, President PL UMBERS AND STEHIYITTERS AMERICAN FEDERATION OF INT ERNATIONAL U NION T EACHERS DA VID D UBINSKY, President JOSEPH P . RYAN, Presid ent I NTERNATIONAL L ADIES GARMENT I NTERNATIONAL LONGSHORE­ WORKERS U NION liEN's A SSN. WILLIAM GREEN, Presid ent JOSEPH N . WEBER, Presid ent AM ERICAN F EDERATION OF LABOR A MERICAN F EDERATION OF M TTSICIANS SIDNEY HILLMAN, Presid ent ARTHUR O. WHARTON , President AAIALOHI.'TED CI.OTHING WOI:KERB OF AAIERICA ISTERNATIONAL U NION OF MACHINISTS CHARLES P . HOWARD, President ~lATTHEW W OLL, Presid ent INTERNATIONAL TYPOGRAPHICAL U NION L ABOR LI FE UNION INSURANCE CO. J u II N L . L EWIS, President MAX ZARITSKY, Presid ent UNI TED MINE WORKERS OF MILLINERY DIVISION, AMERICA I. C. H. O. W. U. COMMITTEE ON PUBLICITY J OHNP . FREY, Secreta ry U. CH AR N E Y VLADEOK METAL TRADES DEPT . A. F . OF L . C HESTERM. WRIGHT MAX D. DANISH BEHIND BARBED WIRES . B y courteau of the artist.
    [Show full text]
  • Das Reich Der Seele Walther Rathenau’S Cultural Pessimism and Prussian Nationalism ~ Dieuwe Jan Beersma
    Das Reich der Seele Walther Rathenau’s Cultural Pessimism and Prussian Nationalism ~ Dieuwe Jan Beersma 16 juli 2020 Master Geschiedenis – Duitslandstudies, 11053259 First supervisor: dhr. dr. A.K. (Ansgar) Mohnkern Second supervisor: dhr. dr. H.J. (Hanco) Jürgens Abstract Every year the Rathenau Stiftung awards the Walther Rathenau-Preis to international politicians to spread Rathenau’s ideas of ‘democratic values, international understanding and tolerance’. This incorrect perception of Rathenau as a democrat and a liberal is likely to have originated from the historiography. Many historians have described Rathenau as ‘contradictory’, claiming that there was a clear and problematic distinction between Rathenau’s intellectual theories and ideas and his political and business career. Upon closer inspection, however, this interpretation of Rathenau’s persona seems to be fundamentally incorrect. This thesis reassesses Walther Rathenau’s legacy profoundly by defending the central argument: Walther Rathenau’s life and motivations can first and foremost be explained by his cultural pessimism and Prussian nationalism. The first part of the thesis discusses Rathenau’s intellectual ideas through an in-depth analysis of his intellectual work and the historiography on his work. Motivated by racial theory, Rathenau dreamed of a technocratic utopian German empire led by a carefully selected Prussian elite. He did not believe in the ‘power of a common Europe’, but in the power of a common German Europe. The second part of the thesis explicates how Rathenau’s career is not contradictory to, but actually very consistent with, his cultural pessimism and Prussian nationalism. Firstly, Rathenau saw the First World War as a chance to transform the economy and to make his Volksstaat a reality.
    [Show full text]