The Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Transport and Roads ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Central Asia Regional Links Program – Phase III (CARs-3 Project) May 16, 2018 This Draft ESIA is a document of the Recipient. Table of Contents List of Tables _________________________________________________________________ iii List of Figures ________________________________________________________________ iii Abbreviations _________________________________________________________________ iv Executive Summary ____________________________________________________________ 1 1. Project Description, Alternatives and Benefits ____________________________________ 4 1.1 Project Description _____________________________________________________ 4 1.2 Analysis of Alternatives _________________________________________________ 7 1.3 Project Sites Location ___________________________________________________ 8 1.4 Project Benefits _______________________________________________________ 11 2. Methodology, Disclosure and Consultations ____________________________________ 14 2.1 The Scope and Methodology of the Draft ESIA/ ESMP _______________________ 14 2.2 Information Disclosure and Consultation __________________________________ 14 3. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) _____________________________________ 17 3.1 Functioning of the GRG within the Grievance Redress Mechanism ____________ 17 4. Institutional and Regulatory Framework ________________________________________ 19 4.1 KR Legislation and World Bank Policy on Environmental Protection ___________ 19 4.2. Comparison of Kyrgyz Republic and World Bank Policy Requirements ___________ 23 4.3 International Conventions ______________________________________________ 25 4.4 Institutional Framework for the Project ___________________________________ 26 4.5 World Bank Safeguard Policies Applicable to the Project ____________________ 27 4.6 World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines ______________ 31 5. Baseline Data ______________________________________________________________ 32 5.1 Baseline Monitoring ___________________________________________________ 32 5.2 Physical Resources ___________________________________________________ 34 5.3 Biological Resources __________________________________________________ 39 5.4 Socio-Economic Resources _____________________________________________ 50 5.5 Health and Safety _____________________________________________________ 54 5.6 Physical Cultural Resources (PCR) _______________________________________ 54 6. Environmental and Social Impacts and Mitigation Measures _______________________ 55 6.1 Scoping for the cumulative and long-term environmental assessment _________ 55 6.2 Impact Phases and Types of Impacts _____________________________________ 57 6.3 Direct impacts during construction and operation __________________________ 58 6.4 Pollution and land impact _______________________________________________ 59 6.6 Surface and ground water ______________________________________________ 60 6.7 Noise impact _________________________________________________________ 61 6.8 Dust formation calculation ______________________________________________ 61 6.9 Community Health and Safety ___________________________________________ 63 6.10 Environmental Receptors _____________________________________________ 65 7. Environmental and Social Management Plan ____________________________________ 71 7.1 Mitigation and Monitoring ______________________________________________ 71 7.2 Implementation Arrangements and Responsibilities ________________________ 86 ii List of Tables Table 1. Borrow pit location............................................................................................................ 10 Table 2: Summary of Environmental Protection Legislation ........................................................... 19 Table 3: Summary of Environmental Protection Legislation ........................................................... 23 Table 4: WHO Air Quality Guidelines ............................................................................................. 31 Table 5: WBG Noise Level Guidelines, One Hour Laeq (dBA) ....................................................... 31 Table 6: MPL of Pollutants ............................................................................................................. 32 Table 7: Surface Water Quality Standards ..................................................................................... 33 Table 8: International Noise Standards .......................................................................................... 33 Table 9: Permissable Noise Levels in the Kyrgyz Republic (dB) .................................................... 33 Table 10: Hydrological Features of Main Reivers in Issyk-Kul Basin .............................................. 36 Table 11: Projected Precipitation and Approved Water use in Issyk-Kul Basin .............................. 38 Table 12: Haliaeetus Leucoryphus or Pallas‟ Sea Eagle ................................................................ 41 Table 13: Fish Fauna of the Issyk-Kul Lake ................................................................................... 43 Table 14: Species Composition of Animals in Reserves ................................................................ 48 Table 15: Sanitary Requirements to Dust Content ......................................................................... 62 Table 16: Construction Equipment Noise Levels ............................................................................ 63 Table 17: Water Consumption for Construction Works ................................................................... 67 Table 18: Water Consumption for Construction Needs .................................................................. 69 Table 19: Environmental and Social Management Plan at the Design Phase ................................ 72 Table 20: Environmental Management Plan at Construction Phase ............................................... 76 Table 21: Environmental and Social Management Plan During Operation and Maintenance ......... 85 List of Figures Figure 1: “San Tash” or the “Stones of Tamerlane” .......................................................................... 6 Figure 2: Location of the “San Tash” historical site and the civil works ............................................. 6 Figure 3: Location of the Tourist Services Centers (TSCs) .............................................................. 6 Figure 4: Project location in Kyrgyzstan ........................................................................................... 9 Figure 5. Project Area for Road Sections to Be Rehabilitated, satellite image. ................................. 9 Figure 6. Borrow pit at km 48+325 ............................................................................................... 10 Figure 7. Borrow Pit at km 57+975 ................................................................................................ 11 Figure 8. Borrow Pit at km 70+380 ................................................................................................. 11 Figure 9: Grievance Rederess Flowchart ....................................................................................... 18 Figure 11: Project Organization ..................................................................................................... 26 Figure 12:Location of Sampling Points for Air, Water and Soil Quality and Noise Level ................. 32 Figure 13: Eastern Issyk-Kul Lake and Karkyra KBAs .................................................................... 47 Figure 14: Location of “Sarychat-Ertash” State Park ...................................................................... 48 Figure 15: Territory of Likely Habitat of Snow Leopards ................................................................. 49 iii Abbreviations BOC Biochemical Oxygen Consumption BP Border post Biology and Soil Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of BSINAS KR the Kyrgyz Republic CAA Civil Aviation Agency CARs Central Asia Regional Links Programs CARs-3 Central Asia Regional Links Program, Third Phase COC Chemical Oxygen Consumption CR Critically Endangered DD Detailed Design E Environment EHS Environmental, Health and Safety EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EN Endangered EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan GOK Government of the Kyrgyz Republic GRG Grievance Redress Group GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GRS Grievance Redress Service ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization IEE Initial Environmental Examination IESS International/ Regional Environmental and Social Specialist I-K BA Issyk-Kul Biosphere Area IPIG International Project Investment Group Investment Project Implementation Group under the Ministry of IPIG MOTR KR Transport and Roads of KR IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature MACs Maximum Allowable Concentration MOTR KR Ministry of Transport and Roads of KR iv MPC Maximum permissible concentration MPL Maximum Permitted Levels MSI (sub-index) Maximum single concentration NABU Nature Protection Union NESS National Environmental and Social Specialist PCR Physical Cultural Resouces PER Public Environmental Review RPF Resettlement Policy Framework RSA Raion State Administration RAP Resettlement action plan State Agency of Environment Protection and Forestry Under