Issyk-Kul Wastewater Management Project (RRP KGZ 50176)
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Issyk-Kul Wastewater Management Project (RRP KGZ 50176) Initial Environmental Examination Project No.: 50176-002 September 2018 KGZ: Issyk-Kul Wastewater Management Project Prepared by Department of Drinking Water Supply and Sewerage Development (DDWSSD) under the State Agency for Architecture, Construction and Public Utilities under the Government of Kyrgyz Republic (Gosstroy) for the Asian Development Bank. This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank ASP Activated Sludge Process CMEA Council for Mutual Economic Assistance DPMDCH Dep‘t on Preservation, Monitoring and Development of Cultural Heritage d/s Downstream EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan GDP Gross Domestic Product GKR Government of the Kyrgyz Republic Gosstroy State Agency for Architecture, Construction, Housing and Communal Services GRG Grievance Redress Group GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism GW Global Works International (Consultant of this PPTA) IBA Important Bird Area IBR Issyk-Kul Biosphere Reserve IBRGD Issyk-Kul Biosphere Reserve General Directorate IDAL Intermittently Decanted Aeration Lagoon (the preferred treatment option) IDEAL intermittently decanted extended aeration lagoon IEE Initial Environmental Examination ISDP Issyk-Kul Sustainable Development Project IWMP Issyk-Kul Wastewater Management Project ITDEP Issyk-Kul Territorial Department for Environmental Protection KR Kyrgyz Republic LAS Land Allocation Statement LFP Local Focal Point MAA Ministry of Agriculture and Amelioration MAC Maximum Allowable Concentration MASL Meters above sea level MES Ministry of Emergency Situations MoH Ministry of Health MLSD Ministry of Labor and Social Development NGO Non-Governmental Organization NSC National Statistical Committee NSSD National Strategy for Sustainable Development for the Period 2013- 2017 OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OLSG Organs of Local Self-Governance PC Public Consultation PCR Physical Cultural Resources PEE Public Ecological Expertise PIO Project Implementation Office (ISDP offfice, Karakol) PMO Project Management Office REA Rapid Environmental Assessment RSAs Rayon State Administrations SAEPF State Agency of Environmental Protection and Forestry Gosregister State Agency on Registration of Rights to Immovable Property SAIKO State Administration of the Issyk-Kul Oblast SCIEMR State Committee on Industry, Energy and Mineral Resources SEE State Ecological Expertise SEMP site specific environment management plan SER State Environmental Reviews SIETS State Inspectorate for Ecological and Technical Safety SPS 2009 ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 u/s Upstream UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNDP United Nations Development Programme WSS Water Supply and Sanitation WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.4 Methodology .......................................................................................................................... 3 2 POLICY, Legal and Institutional Framework .............................................................................. 5 2.1 Legal and Regulatory Framework ....................................................................................... 5 1. Constitution ............................................................................................................................. 5 2. Natural Resources and Environment Legislation .................................................................... 5 3. Regulations ............................................................................................................................. 7 4. Standards ................................................................................................................................ 7 5. International Treaties and Obligations .................................................................................... 9 6. Protected Areas ...................................................................................................................... 9 7. IKBR Zones and Issyk Kul Development Setback ................................................................ 10 8. Wastewater and Sludge Application for Agriculture .............................................................. 10 9. Sanitary Protection Zones ..................................................................................................... 13 2.2 Policy and Institutional Framework .................................................................................. 14 1. Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy ........................................................... 14 2. Environmental Management Institutions ............................................................................... 14 3. Environmental Monitoring Capacity ...................................................................................... 16 2.3 Kyrgyz Republic Environmental Assessment Requirements ........................................ 16 1. Legal Basis ............................................................................................................................ 16 2. Environmental Process ......................................................................................................... 17 3. Review and Approval of Project IEE ..................................................................................... 18 2.4 Applicable ADB Policies and Environmental Assessment Requirements ................... 19 1. Environmental Assessment Requirements ........................................................................... 19 2. Information Disclosure and Public Consultation ................................................................... 19 3 Description of the Project .......................................................................................................... 20 3.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.2 Project Rationale ................................................................................................................. 20 3.3 Existing Situation ................................................................................................................ 21 1. Balykchy ................................................................................................................................ 21 2. Karakol .................................................................................................................................. 24 3.4 Proposed Subproject Description Project Activities ...................................................... 27 3.5 Schedule .............................................................................................................................. 31 3.6 Budget .................................................................................................................................. 32 3.7 Implementation Arrangements .......................................................................................... 32 4 Description of the Environment ................................................................................................ 32 4.1 Location ............................................................................................................................... 32 4.2 Physical Resources ............................................................................................................ 32 1. Geography, Topography, Land Use, and Soils ..................................................................... 32 2. Climate .................................................................................................................................. 33 3. Water Resources .................................................................................................................. 38 4. Water Quality......................................................................................................................... 41 5. Total Phosphorous ................................................................................................................ 44 6. Site-Specific Surface Water Quality Conditions .................................................................... 45 7. Air Quality & Noise-The Two Project Sites ........................................................................... 47 4.3 Ecological Resources ......................................................................................................... 51 1. Habitat Types ........................................................................................................................ 51