DOCSLIB.ORG

Cahiers D'asie Centrale, 11/12

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Cahiers D'asie Centrale, 11/12 Cahiers d’Asie centrale 11/12 | 2004 Les Montagnards d’Asie centrale Svetlana Jacquesson (dir.) Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/asiecentrale/519 ISSN : 2075-5325 Éditeur Éditions De Boccard Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 janvier 2004 ISBN : 2-7449-0429-5 ISSN : 1270-9247 Référence électronique Svetlana Jacquesson (dir.), Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004, « Les Montagnards d’Asie centrale » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 23 juin 2009, consulté le 04 mai 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ asiecentrale/519 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 4 mai 2020. © Tous droits réservés 1 Si l’Asie centrale est mieux connue pour ses étendues steppiques ou désertiques, sillonnées par des routes caravanières reliant Orient et Occident, ce n’est pas parce que les montagnes y sont absentes. Quelques-uns des plus puissants massifs au monde y marquent le paysage et jouent un rôle important dans le façonnement de la diversité linguistique et culturelle de la région. Ce dossier sur les montagnards d’Asie centrale a une ambition double : présenter à la fois une zone géographique et une problématique. La zone géographique en question recouvre la partie occidentale du bloc montagneux situé au cœur de l’Asie où se rencontrent les mondes iranien et indien d’une part et les domaines turk et chinois de l’autre. Autrement dit, les chaînes montagneuses du Tian Chan, des Pamirs et de l’Hindou Kouch. Les contributions réunies dans ce dossier cherchent à redonner à cette zone une unité linguistique, historique et culturelle qui a été rarement saisie jusqu’ici à cause de la confrontation historique entre colonisation russe au nord et anglaise au sud. Quant à la problématique, elle se décline en deux volets différents qui s’éclairent et se complètent mutuellement. Dans un premier temps, certaines représentations des montagnes sont questionnées à partir des données humaines de la zone étudiée : les montagnes comme zones de refuge ou de repli et donc comme sanctuaires d’archaïsme ou d’authenticité ; ou encore les montagnes comme zones isolées ou éloignées, à l’écart des mouvements des terres basses et donc souvent retardataires. Si, depuis un certain temps, géographes, sociologues et anthropologues s’accordent sur la relativité de ces représentations des montagnes, peu nombreux sont les scénarios avancés pour expliquer une caractéristique indéniable du peuplement humain de la montagne : sa diversité. Trois contributions qui conjuguent les approches linguistique et historique aident à nuancer le rôle des montagnes dans l’histoire des populations de l’Asie centrale. Les études sur les situations socio-économique et religieuse des populations montagnardes de nos jours illustrent, dans un deuxième temps, un monde en mutation dans les hauts massifs d’Asie centrale. Elles examinent comment la gestion des ressources de la montagne s’affranchit du système soviétique ; la confrontation entre l’utilisation traditionnelle des ressources et les pressions économiques internes ou externes ; la quête d’équilibre entre préservation et développement ; les comportements économiques et sociaux, passés ou présents, des communautés montagnardes. Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 2 SOMMAIRE Tables de translittération Avant-propos Svetlana Jacquesson Dossier Les langues indo-iraniennes des Pamirs et de l’Hindou Kouch François Jacquesson Le culte d’Iskandar Zu-l-Qarnayn chez les montagnards d’Asie centrale Sergej Abašin Soufis du Badakhshân : un renouveau confrérique entre l’Inde et l’Asie centrale Alexandre Papas Le passé et le présent des populations du Pamir occidental Valentin Buškov et Tohir Kalandarov The Realities of Being a Woman-Teacher in the Mountains of Tajikistan Sarfaroz Niyozov Dynamique et stabilité de la communauté montagnarde du Yaghnob (Tadjikistan du Nord) A. N. Gunâ Montagnes et économie agropastorale d’Ouzbékistan : entre marginalisation et recomposition Alain Cariou Au cœur du Tian Chan : histoire et devenir de la transhumance au Kirghizstan Svetlana Jacquesson Le pastoralisme dans l’ouest de la Mongolie : contraintes, motivations et variations Peter Finke Hors dossier La représentation des Mugat dans les sources écrites : réalité de leur mobilité et de la sédentarité Karine Gatelier Petite histoire des dictionnaires kazakh-russes (1861-2002) : parmi les alphabets arabe, latin et cyrillique Xavier Hallez Histoire des rivières d’Asie centrale depuis deux millions d’années : certitudes et spéculations René Létolle et Monique Mainguet Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 3 Comptes rendus Oleg Akimuškin (Ed.), Târîkh-i Kâshghar : Anonimnaâ tûrkskaâ hronika vladetelej Vostočnogo Turkestana po konec XVII veka Saint Pétersbourg : Institut Vostokovedeniâ Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, Sankt-Peterburgskij filial, 2001 ; 294 p. Alexandre Papas Brendemoen B., The Turkish Dialects of Trabzon : Their Phonology and Historical Development Wiesbaden : Harassowitz, 2002 ; 2 vol. (346 + 280 pp.) Rémy Dor Rahilä Davut, Uyġur mazarliġi Urumči : Šinjiang xälq näšriyati, 2001 ; 264 p. Alexandre Papas Feuillebois-Pierunek E., Faxr al-Din ‘Erâqi : poésie mystique et expression poétique en Perse médiévale Téhéran : Institut Français de Recherche en Iran, 2002 ; 347 p. Rémy Dor Svetlana Gorshenina, Explorateurs en Asie centrale : voyageurs et aventuriers de Marco Polo à Ella Maillart Genève : Olizane, 2003 ; 533 p. Sébastien Peyrouse Ališer Il’hamov, Etničeskij atlas Uzbekistana [Atlas ethnique de l’Ouzbékistan] Tachkent : Open Society Institute Assistance Foundation Uzbekistan, 2002 ; 452 p. Marlène Laruelle N. E. Masanov, Z. B. Abylhožin, I. V. Erofeeva, A. N. Alekseenko, G. S. Baratova, Istoriâ Kazahstana, narody i kul’tury [Histoire du Kazakhstan, peuples et cultures] Almaty : Dajk-press, 2001 ; 599 p. Marlène Laruelle Martha Brill Olcott, Kazakhstan: unfulfilled promise Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2002; 321 p. Sébastien Peyrouse Faruk Sümer, Türk devletleri tarihinde şahıs adları [Anthroponymes dans l’histoire des Empires turcs] Istanbul : Türk Dünyası araştırmaları vakfı, 1999, 2 vol. Rémy Dor Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 4 Tables de translittération Table de translittération de l’alphabet arabe • voyelles persane : a, â, e, i, o, u • voyelle arabes : a, â, à, i, î, u, û • ezâfa persan : -e / -i, -ye / -yi Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 5 Table de translittération IFÉAC des alphabets cyrilliques utilisés en Asie centrale Table de translittération de l’alphabet russe Lettres russes Translittération а a б b в v г g д d е e ё ë ж ž з z и i Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 6 й j к k л l м m н n о o п p р r с s т t у u ф f х h ц c ч č ш š щ ŝ ъ " ы y ь ' э è ю û я â Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 7 Avant-propos Svetlana Jacquesson 1 Ce dossier sur les montagnards d’Asie centrale a une ambition double : présenter à la fois une zone géographique et une problématique. La zone géographique en question recouvre la partie occidentale du bloc montagneux situé au cœur de l’Asie où se rencontrent les mondes iranien et indien d’une part et les domaines turk et chinois de l’autre. Autrement dit, les chaînes montagneuses du Tian Chan, des Pamirs et de l’Hindou Kouch. Les contributions réunies dans ce dossier cherchent à redonner à cette zone une unité linguistique, historique et culturelle qui a été rarement saisie jusqu’ici à cause de la confrontation historique entre colonisation russe au nord et anglaise au sud. 2 Quant à la problématique, elle se décline en deux volets différents qui s’éclairent et se complètent mutuellement. Dans un premier temps, certaines représentations des montagnes sont questionnées à partir des données humaines de la zone étudiée : les montagnes comme zones de refuge ou de repli et donc comme sanctuaires d’archaïsme ou d’authenticité ; ou encore les montagnes comme zones isolées ou éloignées, à l’écart des mouvements des terres basses et donc souvent retardataires. Si, depuis un certain temps, géographes, sociologues et anthropologues s’accordent sur la relativité de ces représentations des montagnes, peu nombreux sont les scénarios avancés pour expliquer une caractéristique indéniable du peuplement humain de la montagne : sa diversité. Trois contributions qui conjuguent les approches linguistique et historique aident à nuancer le rôle des montagnes dans l’histoire des populations de l’Asie centrale. 3 Les études sur les situations socio-économique et religieuse des populations montagnardes de nos jours illustrent, dans un deuxième temps, un monde en mutation dans les hauts massifs d’Asie centrale. Elles examinent comment la gestion des ressources de la montagne s’affranchit du système soviétique ; la confrontation entre l’utilisation traditionnelle des ressources et les pressions économiques internes ou externes ; la quête d’équilibre entre préservation et développement ; les comportements économiques et sociaux, passés ou présents, des communautés montagnardes. Cahiers d’Asie centrale, 11/12 | 2004 8 4 Une première façon d’aborder la géographie humaine des massifs montagneux est d’en considérer la géographie linguistique, qui propose ses grands ensembles et ses clivages. La contribution de François Jacquesson est consacrée aux langues indo-iraniennes de cette région. L’auteur choisit de nous les présenter en suivant le fil de l’expression du passé accompli. Au terme de ce parcours, il ressort « qu’il est vain de concevoir les montagnes comme des zones abritées, voire secrètes, où se seraient conservés des trésors d’archaïsme ». Leur caractéristique principale n’est donc pas le milieu conservateur mais les conditions propices qu’elles offrent à la diversification, aussi bien linguistique que culturelle, des communautés qui y habitent. L’auteur avance, à partir des données linguistiques, une explication de cette caractéristique singulière du milieu montagnard : aux innovations qui, dans les basses terres, conduisent le plus souvent à une sorte de lent nivellement à grande échelle correspondent, en altitude, des innovations aussi dynamiques mais qui, étant sanctionnées le plus souvent localement ou à petite échelle, aboutissent à la diversité bien connue des zones montagneuses.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry
    The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON THE INSTALLMENT OF SMALL HYDROPOWER STATIONS FOR THE COMMUNITIES OF KHATLON OBLAST IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN FINAL REPORT September 2012 Japan International Cooperation Agency NEWJEC Inc. E C C CR (1) 12-005 Final Report Contents, List of Figures, Abbreviations Data Collection Survey on the Installment of Small Hydropower Stations for the Communities of Khatlon Oblast in the Republic of Tajikistan FINAL REPORT Table of Contents Summary Chapter 1 Preface 1.1 Objectives and Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 1 - 1 1.2 Arrangement of Small Hydropower Potential Sites ......................................................... 1 - 2 1.3 Flowchart of the Study Implementation ........................................................................... 1 - 7 Chapter 2 Overview of Energy Situation in Tajikistan 2.1 Economic Activities and Electricity ................................................................................ 2 - 1 2.1.1 Social and Economic situation in Tajikistan ....................................................... 2 - 1 2.1.2 Energy and Electricity ......................................................................................... 2 - 2 2.1.3 Current Situation and Planning for Power Development .................................... 2 - 9 2.2 Natural Condition ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Tour Price on Horseback in the Unique Tien-Shan Day
    Karakol City, 116 Abdrahmanov str/48 Koenkozov str, www.ecotrek.kg E-mail: [email protected] Skype: Ecotrek https://www.facebook.com/ecotrek.karakol +996 3922 5 11 15 + 996 709 51 11 55 On Horseback in the unique Tien-Shan Highest Point: 3600m Lowest Point: 1670m Total Elevation Gain: 4660m Total Elevation Loss: 6350m Level of Difficulty: Difficult Total Hours Hiking: ~61Avg Total Amount of trekking days: 14 Approximate Trekking Distance: ~213km Total hours of driving: ~15hours Total kilometers of driving: ~924km Day Description Day1 Meet at Manas airport. Bus to the guest house ~40min (25km). Bishkek City tour. Overnight in the guest house (900m). Leaving the guest house you will travel along the southern shore of Issyk-Kul lake to Tamga ~5-6 hours (324km). Overnight in the Day2 guest house (Elevation: 1700m). Leaving the guest house you will travel via Barskoon valley to Arabel valley ~1-2 hours (80km). There will be short description of Day3 horseback riding and how to control your horse. You will ride your horse for ~2 hours (8km) under the Juuku pass. Overnight in the tents (Elevation: 3600m). Leaving the campsite you will ride your horse ~4-5 hours (16km) over Juuku pass (3600m) towards Juuku valley. Overnight in the tents Day4 (Elevation: 2910m). Day5 Leaving the campsite you will ride your horse to Ashu-Kashka-Suu valley ~5 hours (16km). Overnight in the tents (Elevation: 2900m). Leaving the campsite you will ride your horse over Ashu-Kashka-Suu pass (3600m) ~7-8 hours (15km). This day you will enjoy Juuku Day6 hot springs.
    [Show full text]
  • Opportunities for Renewable Energy Sources in Central Asia
    , / July 1998 • NREL!fP-210-25047 Opportunities f o Renewable Energ Sources in Central Asia C ntries Alaibek J. Obozov Project KUN RlifCEIVED Kyrgyzstan JUL 2 0 1998 OST_l Walter V. Loscutoff NREL, U.S.A. MASlf.~ DISTRfBUTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IS UNUMtTED ~·~.... ·1~-· •.·-· .. ···~ ~­-­ National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Boulevard Golden, Colorado 80401-3393 A national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Managed by Midwest Research Institute for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-83CH10093 Prepared under Task No. D0063040 July 1998 NOTICE This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would , ; · riot iflfrlnge privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service · by· trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from: Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OST!) P.O. Box62 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 Prices available by calling (423) 576-8401 Available to the public from: National Technical lnfonnation Service (NTIS) U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Miocene Exhumation of the Pamir Revealed by Detrital Geothermochronology of Tajik Rivers C
    TECTONICS, VOL. 31, TC2014, doi:10.1029/2011TC003040, 2012 Miocene exhumation of the Pamir revealed by detrital geothermochronology of Tajik rivers C. E. Lukens,1 B. Carrapa,1,2 B. S. Singer,3 and G. Gehrels2 Received 4 October 2011; revised 6 February 2012; accepted 26 February 2012; published 18 April 2012. [1] The Pamir mountains are the western continuation of the Tibetan-Himalayan system, the largest and highest orogenic system on Earth. Detrital geothermochronology applied to modern river sands from the western Pamir of Tajikistan records the history of sediment source crystallization, cooling, and exhumation. This provides important information on the timing of tectonic processes, relief formation, and erosion during orogenesis. U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons and 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of white micas from five rivers draining distinct tectonic terranes in the western Pamir document Paleozoic through Cenozoic crystallization ages and a Miocene (13–21 Ma) cooling signal. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages show Proterozoic through Cenozoic ages and affinity with Asian rocks in Tibet. The detrital 40Ar/39Ar data set documents deep and regional exhumation of the Pamir mountains >30 Myr after Indo-Asia collision, which is best explained with widespread erosion of metamorphic domes. This exhumation signal coincides with deposition of over 6 km of conglomerates in the adjacent foreland, documenting high subsidence, sedimentation, and regional exhumation in the region. Our data are consistent with a high relief landscape and orogen-wide exhumation at 13–21 Ma and correlate with the timing of exhumation of the Pamir gneiss domes. This exhumation is younger in the Pamir than that observed in neighboring Tibet and is consistent with higher magnitude Cenozoic deformation and shortening in this part of the orogenic system.
    [Show full text]
  • Tamga-Altyn-Arashan Day Description
    Karakol City, 116 Abdrahmanov str/48 Koenkozov str, www.ecotrek.kg E-mail: [email protected] Skype: Ecotrek https://www.facebook.com/ecotrek.karakol +996 3922 5 11 15 + 996 709 51 11 55 Tamga-Altyn-Arashan Highest Point: 3774m Lowest Point: 2500m Total Elevation Gain: 6840m Total Elevation Loss: 7143m Level of Difficulty: Difficult Total Hours Hiking: ~112Avg Total Amount of trekking days: 14 Approximate Trekking Distance: ~189km Total Hours of driving: ~24hours Total kilometers of driving: ~1094km Day Description Day1 Meet at Manas airport. Bus to the guest house ~40min (25km). Bishkek City tour. Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 900m). Day2 Leaving the guest house you will travel to Kochkor ~4-5 hours (250km). Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 1767m). Day3 Leaving the guest house you will travel to Son-Kul lake ~3-4 hours (60km). Overnight in the yurt camp (Elevation: 3000m). Day4 Leaving the yurt camp you will travel to Tamga ~5-6 hours (235km). Overnight in the guest house (Elevation: 1700m). Leaving the guest house you will travel to Tamga valley (1730m) ~10-15 min (10km). There will be a short description of Day5 horseback riding and how to control your horse. You will ride your horse to the junction of Tek-Suu and Bugu Muiuz rivers ~4-5 hours (~18km). Overnight in the tents (Elevation: 2820m). Leaving the campsite you will ride your horse up Tosor pass (3894m) and down to Keregetash valley (3680m) where you will see Day6 Chunkur-Kol lake ~6-7 hours (22km). Overnight in the tent (Elevation: 3673m).
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
    The Kyrgyz Republic Ministry of Transport and Roads ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Central Asia Regional Links Program – Phase III (CARs-3 Project) May 16, 2018 This Draft ESIA is a document of the Recipient. Table of Contents List of Tables _________________________________________________________________ iii List of Figures ________________________________________________________________ iii Abbreviations _________________________________________________________________ iv Executive Summary ____________________________________________________________ 1 1. Project Description, Alternatives and Benefits ____________________________________ 4 1.1 Project Description _____________________________________________________ 4 1.2 Analysis of Alternatives _________________________________________________ 7 1.3 Project Sites Location ___________________________________________________ 8 1.4 Project Benefits _______________________________________________________ 11 2. Methodology, Disclosure and Consultations ____________________________________ 14 2.1 The Scope and Methodology of the Draft ESIA/ ESMP _______________________ 14 2.2 Information Disclosure and Consultation __________________________________ 14 3. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) _____________________________________ 17 3.1 Functioning of the GRG within the Grievance Redress Mechanism ____________ 17 4. Institutional and Regulatory Framework ________________________________________ 19 4.1 KR Legislation and World Bank Policy on Environmental Protection ___________
    [Show full text]
  • CBD First National Report
    REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN FIRST NATIONAL REPORT ON BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Dushanbe – 2003 1 REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN FIRST NATIONAL REPORT ON BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Dushanbe – 2003 3 ББК 28+28.0+45.2+41.2+40.0 Н-35 УДК 502:338:502.171(575.3) NBBC GEF First National Report on Biodiversity Conservation was elaborated by National Biodiversity and Biosafety Center (NBBC) under the guidance of CBD National Focal Point Dr. N.Safarov within the project “Tajikistan Biodiversity Strategic Action Plan”, with financial support of Global Environmental Facility (GEF) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Copyright 2003 All rights reserved 4 Author: Dr. Neimatullo Safarov, CBD National Focal Point, Head of National Biodiversity and Biosafety Center With participation of: Dr. of Agricultural Science, Scientific Productive Enterprise «Bogparvar» of Tajik Akhmedov T. Academy of Agricultural Science Ashurov A. Dr. of Biology, Institute of Botany Academy of Science Asrorov I. Dr. of Economy, professor, Institute of Economy Academy of Science Bardashev I. Dr. of Geology, Institute of Geology Academy of Science Boboradjabov B. Dr. of Biology, Tajik State Pedagogical University Dustov S. Dr. of Biology, State Ecological Inspectorate of the Ministry for Nature Protection Dr. of Biology, professor, Institute of Plants Physiology and Genetics Academy Ergashev А. of Science Dr. of Biology, corresponding member of Academy of Science, professor, Institute Gafurov A. of Zoology and Parasitology Academy of Science Gulmakhmadov D. State Land Use Committee of the Republic of Tajikistan Dr. of Biology, Tajik Research Institute of Cattle-Breeding of the Tajik Academy Irgashev T. of Agricultural Science Ismailov M. Dr. of Biology, corresponding member of Academy of Science, professor Khairullaev R.
    [Show full text]
  • Administrative Reforms in the Kyrgyz Republic K.M
    ISSN 0971-9318 HIMALAYAN AND CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES (JOURNAL OF HIMALAYAN RESEARCH AND CULTURAL FOUNDATION) NGO in Consultative Status-Category II with ECOSOC, United Nations Vol. 2 Nos. 3-4 July - December 1998 KYRGYZSTAN SPECIAL Kyrgyzstan on the Eve of the 21st Century Askar Akaev Administrative Reforms in the Kyrgyz Republic K.M. Jumaliev The Political Culture in Kyrgyzstan A. Dononbaev Ethno-Political Boundaries of Kyrgyzstan N. Karimbekova On the Trail of Silk Route K. Warikoo Kyrgyzstan on the Great Silk Road and Cultural Relationship with India V. Voropoeva and V. Goryacheva Human Activities in the Mountains of Central Asia A.A. Aidaraliev EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Mr. T. N. Kaul Dr. T.N. Khoshoo 7, Poorvi Marg, Distinguished Fellow, Vasant Vihar, TERI, Habitat Place, N. Delhi (India) Lodhi Road, N. Delhi (India) Prof. Rahmatullah Khan Mr. Alexender Veigl Rector, Secretary General, Jawaharlal Nehru University, IOV, N. Delhi (India) Modling, Vienna (Austria) Prof. L.R. Verma Dr. O. Kasenov Vice Chancellor, Deputy Director, H.S Parmar University Kainar University, of Horticulture & Forestry, Alma Aty (Kazakhstan) Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh (India) Prof. A.A. Aidaraliev Prof. Bakyt Beshimov President, President, International University Osh State University, of Kyrgyzstan, Osh (Kyrgyzstan) Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) Prof. Devendra Kaushik Prof. Jayanta Kumar Ray School of International Studies University of Calcutta, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Calcutta (India) N. Delhi (India) Prof. B.R. Grover Prof. B.P. Misra Patel Nagar, N. Delhi (India) Centre for Himalayan Studies, University of North Bengal, Prof. K.N. Pandita Darjeeling (India) Jammu, J & K (India) Prof. Ved Kumari Ghai Dr. R.P. Khatana Jammu, J & K (India) Gurgaon (India) Himalayan and Central Asian Studies Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Building Climate Resilience in Pyanj River Basin: Irrigation and Flood
    Initial Environmental Examination April 2013 TAJ: Building Climate Resilience in the Pyanj River Basin Irrigation and Flood Management Prepared by the Ministry of Land Reclamation and Water Resources (MLRWR) and the State Unitary Enterprise for Housing and Communal Services Kochagi Manzillu Kommunali (KMK, formerly Tajikkomunservices) for the Asian Development Bank. ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AP - Affected Population/Person/Party CEP - Committee for Environmental Protection under the Government of Tajikistan EA - Executing Agency EC - Erosion Control EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMMP - Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan ES - Environmental Specialist ESM - Environmental Supervisor and Monitor Expert GBAO - Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Oblast (Province) GOST Gosudartsvennye Standarty (Russian Technical Standards) GoT - Government of Tajikistan IEE - Initial Environmental Examination LARC - Land Acquisition and Resettlement Committee LARP - Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan MLRWR - Ministry of Land Reclamation and Water Resources NGO - Non Governmental Organization PC - Public Consultation PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMU - Project Management Unit SEE - State Ecological Expertise SOP - Standard Operation Procedure SR - Sensitive Receiver SSEMP - Site Specific Environmental Management Plan TD - Temporary Drainage TOR - Terms of Reference CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Background 1 B. Policy and Statutory Requirements in Tajikistan 1 C. Asian Development Bank Safeguard Policies 2009 5 II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 6 A. Project Location. 11 III. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROJECT AREA 28 A. Physical Environment 28 B. Biological Environment 41 C. Socio-Economic and Physical Cultural Resources 46 IV. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PROJECT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 52 A. Beneficial impacts and maximization measures 53 A. Adverse impacts and mitigation measures 54 B.
    [Show full text]
  • Strengthening Policy and Regulatory Framework for Mainstreaming Biodiversity Into Fishery Sector
    3333FSAFASF Strengthening policy and regulatory framework for mainstreaming biodiversity into fishery sector Final Evaluation Report Silvija Nora Kalnins Lira Joldubaeva ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was prepared by Silvija Nora Kalnins and Lira Joldubaeva, who were responsible for collecting data through document review and interviews, performing analyses, and preparing the report. The evaluation team would like to express its gratitude and appreciation to all stakeholders interviewed. Their contribution, through the facts and opinions they openly and honestly shared with the evaluators were crucial in conducting the evaluation. The evaluation team would like to extend special thanks to the staff of the Project, who supplied key information and key contacts. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the findings of a Terminal Evaluation (TE) conducted in December 2012 by independent evaluators Silvija Nora Kalnins and Lira Joldubaeva for the UNDP/GEF Project “Strengthening Policy and Regulatory Framework for Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Fishery Sector” implemented in the Kyrgyz Republic. This project was the first biodiversity focal area project implemented in the country. The project was funded by the Global Environmental Facility in the amount of 950,000 USD and by UNDP -- 430,000 USD. Co-financing was committed by the Government of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan in the amount of 1,000,000 USD and from the NGO section in the amount of 1,690,000 USD. The project was signed on 26 February 2008 and will close at the end of January 2013. The project is assigned to the national implementation modality but as implemented in accordance with the UNDP direct implementation modality was applied after the political unrest in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2010 as a measure to secure smooth and interrupted implementation of the activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridors 2, 3, and 5 (Obigarm-Nurobod) Road Project: Report and Recommendation of Th
    Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors Project Number: 52042-001 November 2019 Proposed Grant Republic of Tajikistan: Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridors 2, 3, and 5 (Obigarm–Nurobod) Road Project Distribution of this document is restricted until it has been approved by the Board of Directors. Following such approval, ADB will disclose the document to the public in accordance with ADB’s Access to Information Policy. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 17 October 2019) Currency unit – somoni (TJS) TJS1.00 = $0.1032 $1.00 = TJS9.6911 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AIIB – Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank CAREC – Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation CSC – construction supervision consultant EBRD – European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EMP – environmental management plan GAP – gender action plan km – kilometer LARP – land acquisition and resettlement plan m – meter MOT – Ministry of Transport OFID – OPEC Fund for International Development PAM – project administration manual PBM – performance-based maintenance PCC – project coordinating committee PIURR – Project Implementation Unit for Roads Rehabilitation PMC – project management consultant PPRA – project procurement risk assessment NOTE In this report, “$” refers to United States dollars. Vice-President Shixin Chen, Operations 1 Director General Werner Liepach, Central and West Asia Department (CWRD) Director Dong-Soo Pyo, Transport and Communications Division, CWRD Team leader Kamel Bouhmad, Transport Specialist, CWRD
    [Show full text]
  • DRAINAGE BASIN of the ARAL SEA and OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS in CENTRAL ASIA Chapter 3
    68 DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE ARAL SEA AND OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA Chapter 3 ARAL SEA AND OTHER WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA 69 71 AMU DARYA RIVER BASIN 75 ZERAVSHAN RIVER BASIN 76 SYR DARYA RIVER BASIN 83 ARAL SEA 84 CHU-TALAS RIVER BASINS 89 ILI RIVER BASIN 91 LAKE BALQASH 91 MURGAB RIVER BASIN 91 TEJEN RIVER BASIN Chapter 3 70 ARAL SEA AND OTHER WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA This chapter deals with major transboundary rivers in Central Asia which have a desert sink, or discharge either into one of the rivers (or their tributaries) or the Aral Sea or an another enclosed lake. It also includes lakes located within the basin of the Aral Sea. Practically all of the renewable water resources in this area are used predominantly for irrigation, and the national economies are developing under conditions of increasing freshwater shortages. TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS IN THE BASIN OF THE ARAL SEA AND OTHER TRANSBOUNDARY SURFACE WATERS IN CENTRAL ASIA1 Basin/sub-basin(s) Total area (km²) Recipient Riparian countries Lakes in the basin Amu Darya …2 Aral Sea AF, KG, TJ, UZ, TM - Surkhan Darya 13,500 Amu Darya TJ, UZ - Kafirnigan 11,590 Amu Darya TJ, UZ - Pyanj 113,500 Amu Darya AF, TJ -- Bartang … Pyanj AF, TJ -- Pamir … Pyanj AF, TJ - Vakhsh 39,100 Amu Darya KG, TJ Aral Sea Zeravshan …2 Desert sink TJ, UZ Syr Darya …2 Aral Sea KZ, KG, TJ, UZ - Naryn … Syr Darya KG, UZ - Kara Darya 28,630 Syr Darya KG, UZ - Chirchik 14,240 Syr Darya KZ, KG, UZ -Chatkal 7,110 Chirchik KG, UZ Chu 62,500 Desert sink KZ, KG Talas 52,700 Desert sink KZ, KG Assa … Desert sink KZ, KG Ili 413,000 Lake Balqash CN, KZ Lake Balqash Murgab 46,880 Desert sink AF, TM - Abikajsar … Murgab AF, TM Tejen 70,260 Desert sink AF, IR, TM 1 The assessment of water bodies in italics was not included in the present publication.
    [Show full text]