Understanding Mountain Soils
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2022_PROWEIN_B_EN.qxp_2022_PROWEIN_B_EN 19.07.21 14:49 Seite 1 GB Product categories Page 1 of 4 B 4.0 Düsseldorf Wines (according to cultivable areas) 27/03–29/03/22 Europe Italy 01.01.16.01.03 Leithaberg 01.01.09.01 Abruzzo 01.01.16.01.04 Eisenberg 01.01.01 Albania 01.01.09.02 Valle d'Aosta Niederösterreich 01.01.09.03 Basilicata 01.01.16.02.01 Carnuntum 01.01.02 Bosnia-Herzegowina 01.01.09.04 Calabria 01.01.16.02.02 Wagram 01.01.09.05 Campania 01.01.16.02.03 Kamptal Bulgaria 01.01.09.06 Emilia-Romagna 01.01.16.02.04 Kremstal 01.01.03.01 Cherno more 01.01.09.07 Friuli Venezia-Giulia 01.01.16.02.05 Thermenregion 01.01.03.02 Dolinata na Strouma 01.01.09.08 Lazio 01.01.16.02.06 Traisental 01.01.03.03 Dunavska ravnina 01.01.09.09 Liguria 01.01.16.02.07 Wachau 01.01.03.04 Rozova Dolina 01.01.09.10 Lombardia 01.01.16.02.08 Weinviertel 01.01.03.05 Trakiiska nizina 01.01.09.11 Marche Steiermark 01.01.09.12 Molise 01.01.16.03.01 Südsteiermark Germany 01.01.09.13 Piemont 01.01.16.03.02 Vulkanland Steiermark 01.01.04.01 Ahr 01.01.09.14 Puglia 01.01.16.03.03 Schlicherland 01.01.04.02 Baden 01.01.09.15 Sardegna 01.01.16.04 Wien 01.01.04.03 Franken 01.01.09.16 Sicilia 01.01.16.05 Kärnten 01.01.04.04 Hess. -
Soil Properties, and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Tropical Andosol Under Different Land Uses
Open Journal of Soil Science, 2013, 3, 153-162 153 http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2013.33018 Published Online July 2013 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ojss) Soil Properties, and Soil Organic Carbon Stocks of Tropical Andosol under Different Land Uses Girma Abera*, Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel School of Plant and Horticultural Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Email: *girmajibat2006 @yahoo.com Received December 21st, 2012; revised April 21st, 2013; accepted April 29th, 2013 Copyright © 2013 Girma Abera, Endalkachew Wolde-Meskel. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT Land use effect of tropical Andosol, with two from crop lands (Site 1 and Site 2) and one from Agroforestry coffee plantation (Site 3) was explored under laboratory conditions to understand their physical, chemical and biological prop- erties and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks from the rift valley of Ethiopia. Site 3 that acquired less cultivation than others exhibited better aggregate size fraction (AF, 55%), higher aggregate stability (AS, 91%), and greater active mi- crobial biomass (AMB), reflecting better soil structure development. Comparatively, higher total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were recorded in bulk soils and microaggregate fractions of Site 2 and Site 3 than in intensively cultivated Site 1. As expected, microaggregate fractions displayed greater OC and TN than bulk soils across all land uses. Site 1 revealed higher metabolic quotient (qCO2) and lower SOC stock (2.1 Mg·ha−1), suggesting microbial stress, while micro nutrients deficiencies were observed with the alkaline soil (Site 2). -
Atti Della Accademia Dei Georgofili
i georgofili Atti della Accademia dei Georgofili Anno 2017 Serie VIII – Vol. 14 (193° dall’inizio) Firenze, 2018 Con il contributo di Copyright © 2018 Accademia dei Georgofili Firenze http://www.georgofili.it Proprietà letteraria riservata Direttore responsabile: Paolo Nanni Edizioni Polistampa Via Livorno, 8/32 - 50142 Firenze Tel. 055 737871 (15 linee) [email protected] - www.polistampa.com Sede legale: Via Santa Maria, 27/r - 50125 Firenze isbn 978-88-596-1928-4 Servizi redazionali, grafica e impaginazione società editrice fiorentina i georgofili Atti della Accademia dei Georgofili Anno 2017 Serie VIII – Vol. 14 (193° dall’inizio) Consiglio Accademico ................................................................................ pag. 9 Elenco degli Accademici ............................................................................. » 10 Nuovi accademici 2017 .............................................................................. » 35 Riunione degli Accademici ......................................................................... » 39 Inaugurazione del 264° anno accademico ............................................ » 41 Dario Nardella, Saluto del sindaco di Firenze ........................................... » 43 Giampiero Maracchi, I Georgofili e il quadro europeo................................ » 47 Phil Hogan, Check Against Delivery .......................................................... » 53 Consegna del “Premio Antico Fattore” ........................................................... » 63 Consegna del Premio -
Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado
Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado By Karl S. Kellogg, Paul J. Bartos, and Cindy L. Williams Pamphlet to accompany MISCELLANEOUS FIELD STUDIES MAP MF-2340 2002 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Map of the Frisco Quadrangle, Summit County, Colorado By Karl S. Kellogg, Paul J. Bartos, and Cindy L. Williams DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS af Artificial fill (recent)—Compacted and uncompacted rock fragments and finer material underlying roadbed and embankments along and adjacent to Interstate 70. Also includes material comprising Dillon Dam dt Dredge tailings (recent)—Unconsolidated, clast-supported deposits containing mostly well- rounded to subrounded, cobble- to boulder-size clasts derived from dredging of alluvium for gold along the Blue and Swan Rivers; similar dredge tailings along Gold Run Gulch are too small to show on map. Dredge tailings were mapped from 1974 air photos; most tailings have now been redistributed and leveled for commercial development Qal Alluvium (Holocene)—Unconsolidated clast-supported deposits containing silt- to boulder-size, moderately sorted to well-sorted clasts in modern floodplains; includes overbank deposits. Clasts are as long as 1 m in Blue River channel; clasts are larger in some side-stream channels. Larger clasts are moderately rounded to well rounded. Includes some wetland deposits in and adjacent to beaver ponds along Ryan Gulch. Maximum thickness unknown, but greater than 10 m in Blue River channel Qw Wetland deposits (Holocene)—Dark-brown to black, organic-rich sediment underlying wetland areas, commonly containing standing water and dense willow stands. Maximum thickness estimated to be about 15 m Qav Avalanche deposits (Holocene)—Unsorted, unstratified hummocky deposits at the distal ends of avalanche-prone hillside in Sec. -
Peat and Peatland Resources of Southeastern Ontario
THESE TERMS GOVERN YOUR USE OF THIS DOCUMENT Your use of this Ontario Geological Survey document (the “Content”) is governed by the terms set out on this page (“Terms of Use”). By downloading this Content, you (the “User”) have accepted, and have agreed to be bound by, the Terms of Use. Content: This Content is offered by the Province of Ontario’s Ministry of Northern Development and Mines (MNDM) as a public service, on an “as-is” basis. Recommendations and statements of opinion expressed in the Content are those of the author or authors and are not to be construed as statement of government policy. You are solely responsible for your use of the Content. You should not rely on the Content for legal advice nor as authoritative in your particular circumstances. Users should verify the accuracy and applicability of any Content before acting on it. MNDM does not guarantee, or make any warranty express or implied, that the Content is current, accurate, complete or reliable. MNDM is not responsible for any damage however caused, which results, directly or indirectly, from your use of the Content. MNDM assumes no legal liability or responsibility for the Content whatsoever. Links to Other Web Sites: This Content may contain links, to Web sites that are not operated by MNDM. Linked Web sites may not be available in French. MNDM neither endorses nor assumes any responsibility for the safety, accuracy or availability of linked Web sites or the information contained on them. The linked Web sites, their operation and content are the responsibility of the person or entity for which they were created or maintained (the “Owner”). -
Northern Fen Communitynorthern Abstract Fen, Page 1
Northern Fen CommunityNorthern Abstract Fen, Page 1 Community Range Prevalent or likely prevalent Infrequent or likely infrequent Absent or likely absent Photo by Joshua G. Cohen Overview: Northern fen is a sedge- and rush-dominated 8,000 years. Expansion of peatlands likely occurred wetland occurring on neutral to moderately alkaline following climatic cooling, approximately 5,000 years saturated peat and/or marl influenced by groundwater ago (Heinselman 1970, Boelter and Verry 1977, Riley rich in calcium and magnesium carbonates. The 1989). community occurs north of the climatic tension zone and is found primarily where calcareous bedrock Several other natural peatland communities also underlies a thin mantle of glacial drift on flat areas or occur in Michigan and can be distinguished from shallow depressions of glacial outwash and glacial minerotrophic (nutrient-rich) northern fens, based on lakeplains and also in kettle depressions on pitted comparisons of nutrient levels, flora, canopy closure, outwash and moraines. distribution, landscape context, and groundwater influence (Kost et al. 2007). Northern fen is dominated Global and State Rank: G3G5/S3 by sedges, rushes, and grasses (Mitsch and Gosselink 2000). Additional open wetlands occurring on organic Range: Northern fen is a peatland type of glaciated soils include coastal fen, poor fen, prairie fen, bog, landscapes of the northern Great Lakes region, ranging intermittent wetland, and northern wet meadow. Bogs, from Michigan west to Minnesota and northward peat-covered wetlands raised above the surrounding into central Canada (Ontario, Manitoba, and Quebec) groundwater by an accumulation of peat, receive inputs (Gignac et al. 2000, Faber-Langendoen 2001, Amon of nutrients and water primarily from precipitation et al. -
Holocene Tephras in Lake Cores from Northern British Columbia, Canada
935 Holocene tephras in lake cores from northern British Columbia, Canada Thomas R. Lakeman, John J. Clague, Brian Menounos, Gerald D. Osborn, Britta J.L. Jensen, and Duane G. Froese Abstract: Sediment cores recovered from alpine and subalpine lakes up to 250 km apart in northern British Columbia con- tain five previously unrecognized tephras. Two black phonolitic tephras, each 5–10 mm thick, occur within 2–4 cm of each other in basal sediments from seven lakes in the Finlay River – Dease Lake area. The upper and lower Finlay tephras are slightly older than 10 220 – 10 560 cal year B.P. and likely originate from two closely spaced eruptions of one or two large volcanoes in the northern Cordilleran volcanic province. The Finlay tephras occur at the transition between deglacial sediments and organic-rich postglacial mud in the lake cores and, therefore, closely delimit the termination of the Fraser Glaciation in northern British Columbia. Sediments in Bob Quinn Lake, which lies on the east edge of the northern Coast Mountains, contain two black tephras that differ in age and composition from the Finlay tephras. The lower Bob Quinn tephra is 3–4 mm thick, basaltic in composition, and is derived from an eruption in the Iskut River volcanic field about 9400 cal years ago. The upper Bob Quinn tephra is 12 mm thick, trachytic in composition, and probably 7000–8000 cal years old. A fifth tephra occurs as a cryptotephra near the top of two cores from the Finlay River area and is correlated to the east lobe of the White River tephra (ca. -
The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry
The Republic of Tajikistan Ministry of Energy and Industry DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON THE INSTALLMENT OF SMALL HYDROPOWER STATIONS FOR THE COMMUNITIES OF KHATLON OBLAST IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN FINAL REPORT September 2012 Japan International Cooperation Agency NEWJEC Inc. E C C CR (1) 12-005 Final Report Contents, List of Figures, Abbreviations Data Collection Survey on the Installment of Small Hydropower Stations for the Communities of Khatlon Oblast in the Republic of Tajikistan FINAL REPORT Table of Contents Summary Chapter 1 Preface 1.1 Objectives and Scope of the Study .................................................................................. 1 - 1 1.2 Arrangement of Small Hydropower Potential Sites ......................................................... 1 - 2 1.3 Flowchart of the Study Implementation ........................................................................... 1 - 7 Chapter 2 Overview of Energy Situation in Tajikistan 2.1 Economic Activities and Electricity ................................................................................ 2 - 1 2.1.1 Social and Economic situation in Tajikistan ....................................................... 2 - 1 2.1.2 Energy and Electricity ......................................................................................... 2 - 2 2.1.3 Current Situation and Planning for Power Development .................................... 2 - 9 2.2 Natural Condition ............................................................................................................ -
Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 103. NUMBER 5 NEW UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITES (With 21 Plates) BY CHARLES E. RESSER Curator, Division of Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany U. S. National Museum (Publication 3693) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION OCTOBER 21, 1942 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 103. NUMBER 5 NEW UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITES (With 21 Plates) BY CHARLES E. RESSER Curator, Division of Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany U. S. National Museum (Publication 3693) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION OCTOBER 21, 1942 BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction i Description of genera and species 2 Komaspidae Kobayashi 2 Chariocephalus Hall 4 Irvingella Ulrich and Resser 13 Parairvingella Kobayashi 25 Drumaspis, new genus 28 Unclassified genera 35 Cheilocephalns Berkey 35 Cholopilus Raymond 36 Caiyptonima, new genus 37 Illaenurus Hall 38 Platycolpus Raymond 40 Enontioura, new genus 42 Macclloura Resser 43 Arapahoia Miller 43 Plethomctopus Ulrich 47 Kingstonia VValcott 47 Byniunia Walcott 52 BynumicUa, new genus 57 Bynumina, new genus 58 Stenopilns Raymond 59 Blountia Walcott 60 Blountiella Resser 61 Ellipsocephaloides Kobayashi 62 MaryviUia Walcott 67 Meteoraspis Resser 72 Coosia Walcott 73 Coosella Lochman 75 Ptcroccphalina Resser 76 Burnetidae, new family 79 Burnetia Walcott 80 Iddingsia Walcott 85 Berkeia Resser 90 Unclassified genera 94 Elvinia Walcott 94 Taenicephalus Ulrich and Resser 99 Talbotina Lochman 107 Explanation of plates 109 Index 131 iii NEW UPPER CAMBRIAN TRILOBITES By CHARLES E. RESSER Curator, Division of Invertebrate Paleontology and Paleobotany, U. S. National Museum (With 21 Plates) INTRODUCTION Soon after 1878 when Dr. C. D. Walcott centered his main efforts on the study of the Cambrian system, he conceived the idea of a monograph series, each of which should contain descriptions of all Cambrian fossils representing a major animal group. -
Sorption and Desorption of Vanadate, Arsenate and Chromate by Two Volcanic Soils of Equatorial Africa
Article Sorption and Desorption of Vanadate, Arsenate and Chromate by Two Volcanic Soils of Equatorial Africa Sara Gonzalez-Rodriguez 1 and Maria Luisa Fernandez-Marcos 1,2,* 1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; [email protected] 2 Institute of Agricultural Biodiversity and Rural Development, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Sorption of oxyanions by soils and mineral surfaces is of interest due to their role as nutrients or pollutants. Volcanic soils are variable charge soils, rich in active forms of aluminum and iron, and capable of sorbing anions. Sorption and desorption of vanadate, arsenate, and chromate by two African andosols was studied in laboratory experiments. Sorption isotherms were determined by equilibrating at 293 K soil samples with oxyanion solutions of concentrations between 0 and 100 mg L−1 V, As, or Cr, equivalent to 0−2.0 mmol V L−1, 0−1.3 mmol As L−1, and −1 0−1.9 mmol Cr L , in NaNO3; V, As, or Cr were determined by ICP-mass spectrometry in the equilibrium solution. After sorption, the soil samples were equilibrated with 0.02 M NaNO3 to study desorption. The isotherms were adjusted to mathematical models. After desorption with NaNO3, desorption experiments were carried out with a 1 mM phosphate. The sorption of vanadate and arsenate was greater than 90% of the amount added, while the chromate sorption was much lower (19–97%). The sorption by the Silandic Andosol is attributed to non-crystalline Fe and Al, while in Citation: Gonzalez-Rodriguez, S.; the Vitric Andosol, crystalline iron species play a relevant role. -
Biomechanical and Biochemical Effects Recorded in the Tree Root Zone – Soil Memory, Historical Contingency and Soil Evolution Under Trees
Plant Soil (2018) 426:109–134 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3622-9 REGULAR ARTICLE Biomechanical and biochemical effects recorded in the tree root zone – soil memory, historical contingency and soil evolution under trees Łukasz Pawlik & Pavel Šamonil Received: 17 September 2017 /Accepted: 1 March 2018 /Published online: 15 March 2018 # The Author(s) 2018 Abstract increase in soil spatial complexity. We hypothesized that Background and aims The changing soils is a never- trees can be a strong local factor intensifying, blocking ending process moderated by numerous biotic and abi- or modifying pedogenetic processes, leading to local otic factors. Among these factors, trees may play a changes in soil complexity (convergence, divergence, critical role in forested landscapes by having a large or polygenesis). These changes are hypothetically con- imprint on soil texture and chemical properties. During trolled by regionally predominating soil formation their evolution, soils can follow convergent or divergent processes. development pathways, leading to a decrease or an Methods To test the main hypothesis, we described the pedomorphological features of soils under tree stumps of fir, beech and hemlock in three soil regions: Haplic Highlights Cambisols (Turbacz Reserve, Poland), Entic Podzols 1) The architecture of tree root systems controls soil physical and (Žofínský Prales Reserve, Czech Republic) and Albic chemical properties. Podzols (Upper Peninsula, Michigan, USA). Soil pro- 2) The predominating pedogenetic process significantly modifies files under the stumps, as well as control profiles on sites the effect of trees on soil. 3) Trees are a factor in polygenesis in Haplic Cambisols at the currently not occupied by trees, were analyzed in the pedon scale. -
Miocene Exhumation of the Pamir Revealed by Detrital Geothermochronology of Tajik Rivers C
TECTONICS, VOL. 31, TC2014, doi:10.1029/2011TC003040, 2012 Miocene exhumation of the Pamir revealed by detrital geothermochronology of Tajik rivers C. E. Lukens,1 B. Carrapa,1,2 B. S. Singer,3 and G. Gehrels2 Received 4 October 2011; revised 6 February 2012; accepted 26 February 2012; published 18 April 2012. [1] The Pamir mountains are the western continuation of the Tibetan-Himalayan system, the largest and highest orogenic system on Earth. Detrital geothermochronology applied to modern river sands from the western Pamir of Tajikistan records the history of sediment source crystallization, cooling, and exhumation. This provides important information on the timing of tectonic processes, relief formation, and erosion during orogenesis. U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons and 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology of white micas from five rivers draining distinct tectonic terranes in the western Pamir document Paleozoic through Cenozoic crystallization ages and a Miocene (13–21 Ma) cooling signal. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages show Proterozoic through Cenozoic ages and affinity with Asian rocks in Tibet. The detrital 40Ar/39Ar data set documents deep and regional exhumation of the Pamir mountains >30 Myr after Indo-Asia collision, which is best explained with widespread erosion of metamorphic domes. This exhumation signal coincides with deposition of over 6 km of conglomerates in the adjacent foreland, documenting high subsidence, sedimentation, and regional exhumation in the region. Our data are consistent with a high relief landscape and orogen-wide exhumation at 13–21 Ma and correlate with the timing of exhumation of the Pamir gneiss domes. This exhumation is younger in the Pamir than that observed in neighboring Tibet and is consistent with higher magnitude Cenozoic deformation and shortening in this part of the orogenic system.