Rediscovery of Glauconycteris Superba Hayman, 1939
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Occasional Papers Museum of Texas Tech University Number 295 6 July 2010
Occasional Papers Museum of Texas Tech University Number 295 6 July 2010 Karyology of five SpecieS of BatS (veSpertilionidae, HippoSideridae, and nycteridae) from gaBon witH commentS on tHe taxonomy of Glauconycteris Calvin a. Porter, ashley W. Primus, FederiCo G. hoFFmann, and robert J. baker aBStract We karyotyped five species of bats from Gabon. Glauconycteris beatrix and G. poensis both have an all-biarmed 2n = 22 karyotype, consistent with the recognition of Glauconycteris as a genus distinct from Chalinolobus. One specimen of Hipposideros caffer had a 2n = 32 karyotype similar to that published for this species from other areas in Africa. We report a 2n = 52 karyotype for Hipposideros gigas which is identical to that found in H. vittatus. The slit-faced bat Nycteris grandis has a 2n = 42 karyotype similar to that known in other species of Nycteris. Key words: chromosomes, Gabon, Glauconycteris, Hipposideros, karyotypes, Nycteris, Rabi, taxonomy introduction The Republic of Gabon includes extensive tracts documented the presence of 13 chiropteran species in of tropical rain forest and has an economy based the rainforest of the Rabi Oilfield. Primus et al. (2006) largely on oil production. A recent study of biodiversity reported karyotypes of four species of shrews, seven (Alonso et al. 2006; Lee et al. 2006) focused on the species of rodents, and five species of megachiropteran Rabi Oilfield, which is located in the Gamba Complex bats collected at Rabi. However, they did not describe of Protected Areas in the Ogooué-Maritime Province chromosomal data for the microchiropteran specimens of southwestern Gabon. This study included a survey pending confirmation of species identifications. -
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats
Index of Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 9. Bats A agnella, Kerivoula 901 Anchieta’s Bat 814 aquilus, Glischropus 763 Aba Leaf-nosed Bat 247 aladdin, Pipistrellus pipistrellus 771 Anchieta’s Broad-faced Fruit Bat 94 aquilus, Platyrrhinus 567 Aba Roundleaf Bat 247 alascensis, Myotis lucifugus 927 Anchieta’s Pipistrelle 814 Arabian Barbastelle 861 abae, Hipposideros 247 alaschanicus, Hypsugo 810 anchietae, Plerotes 94 Arabian Horseshoe Bat 296 abae, Rhinolophus fumigatus 290 Alashanian Pipistrelle 810 ancricola, Myotis 957 Arabian Mouse-tailed Bat 164, 170, 176 abbotti, Myotis hasseltii 970 alba, Ectophylla 466, 480, 569 Andaman Horseshoe Bat 314 Arabian Pipistrelle 810 abditum, Megaderma spasma 191 albatus, Myopterus daubentonii 663 Andaman Intermediate Horseshoe Arabian Trident Bat 229 Abo Bat 725, 832 Alberico’s Broad-nosed Bat 565 Bat 321 Arabian Trident Leaf-nosed Bat 229 Abo Butterfly Bat 725, 832 albericoi, Platyrrhinus 565 andamanensis, Rhinolophus 321 arabica, Asellia 229 abramus, Pipistrellus 777 albescens, Myotis 940 Andean Fruit Bat 547 arabicus, Hypsugo 810 abrasus, Cynomops 604, 640 albicollis, Megaerops 64 Andersen’s Bare-backed Fruit Bat 109 arabicus, Rousettus aegyptiacus 87 Abruzzi’s Wrinkle-lipped Bat 645 albipinnis, Taphozous longimanus 353 Andersen’s Flying Fox 158 arabium, Rhinopoma cystops 176 Abyssinian Horseshoe Bat 290 albiventer, Nyctimene 36, 118 Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arafura Large-footed Bat 969 Acerodon albiventris, Noctilio 405, 411 Andersen’s Leaf-nosed Bat 254 Arata Yellow-shouldered Bat 543 Sulawesi 134 albofuscus, Scotoecus 762 Andersen’s Little Fruit-eating Bat 578 Arata-Thomas Yellow-shouldered Talaud 134 alboguttata, Glauconycteris 833 Andersen’s Naked-backed Fruit Bat 109 Bat 543 Acerodon 134 albus, Diclidurus 339, 367 Andersen’s Roundleaf Bat 254 aratathomasi, Sturnira 543 Acerodon mackloti (see A. -
The Evolution of Echolocation in Bats: a Comparative Approach
The evolution of echolocation in bats: a comparative approach Alanna Collen A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London. November 2012 Declaration Declaration I, Alanna Collen (née Maltby), confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, this is indicated in the thesis, and below: Chapter 1 This chapter is published in the Handbook of Mammalian Vocalisations (Maltby, Jones, & Jones) as a first authored book chapter with Gareth Jones and Kate Jones. Gareth Jones provided the research for the genetics section, and both Kate Jones and Gareth Jones providing comments and edits. Chapter 2 The raw echolocation call recordings in EchoBank were largely made and contributed by members of the ‘Echolocation Call Consortium’ (see full list in Chapter 2). The R code for the diversity maps was provided by Kamran Safi. Custom adjustments were made to the computer program SonoBat by developer Joe Szewczak, Humboldt State University, in order to select echolocation calls for measurement. Chapter 3 The supertree construction process was carried out using Perl scripts developed and provided by Olaf Bininda-Emonds, University of Oldenburg, and the supertree was run and dated by Olaf Bininda-Emonds. The source trees for the Pteropodidae were collected by Imperial College London MSc student Christina Ravinet. Chapter 4 Rob Freckleton, University of Sheffield, and Luke Harmon, University of Idaho, helped with R code implementation. 2 Declaration Chapter 5 Luke Harmon, University of Idaho, helped with R code implementation. Chapter 6 Joseph W. -
List of 28 Orders, 129 Families, 598 Genera and 1121 Species in Mammal Images Library 31 December 2013
What the American Society of Mammalogists has in the images library LIST OF 28 ORDERS, 129 FAMILIES, 598 GENERA AND 1121 SPECIES IN MAMMAL IMAGES LIBRARY 31 DECEMBER 2013 AFROSORICIDA (5 genera, 5 species) – golden moles and tenrecs CHRYSOCHLORIDAE - golden moles Chrysospalax villosus - Rough-haired Golden Mole TENRECIDAE - tenrecs 1. Echinops telfairi - Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec 2. Hemicentetes semispinosus – Lowland Streaked Tenrec 3. Microgale dobsoni - Dobson’s Shrew Tenrec 4. Tenrec ecaudatus – Tailless Tenrec ARTIODACTYLA (83 genera, 142 species) – paraxonic (mostly even-toed) ungulates ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BOVIDAE (46 genera) - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Addax nasomaculatus - Addax 2. Aepyceros melampus - Impala 3. Alcelaphus buselaphus - Hartebeest 4. Alcelaphus caama – Red Hartebeest 5. Ammotragus lervia - Barbary Sheep 6. Antidorcas marsupialis - Springbok 7. Antilope cervicapra – Blackbuck 8. Beatragus hunter – Hunter’s Hartebeest 9. Bison bison - American Bison 10. Bison bonasus - European Bison 11. Bos frontalis - Gaur 12. Bos javanicus - Banteng 13. Bos taurus -Auroch 14. Boselaphus tragocamelus - Nilgai 15. Bubalus bubalis - Water Buffalo 16. Bubalus depressicornis - Anoa 17. Bubalus quarlesi - Mountain Anoa 18. Budorcas taxicolor - Takin 19. Capra caucasica - Tur 20. Capra falconeri - Markhor 21. Capra hircus - Goat 22. Capra nubiana – Nubian Ibex 23. Capra pyrenaica – Spanish Ibex 24. Capricornis crispus – Japanese Serow 25. Cephalophus jentinki - Jentink's Duiker 26. Cephalophus natalensis – Red Duiker 1 What the American Society of Mammalogists has in the images library 27. Cephalophus niger – Black Duiker 28. Cephalophus rufilatus – Red-flanked Duiker 29. Cephalophus silvicultor - Yellow-backed Duiker 30. Cephalophus zebra - Zebra Duiker 31. Connochaetes gnou - Black Wildebeest 32. Connochaetes taurinus - Blue Wildebeest 33. Damaliscus korrigum – Topi 34. -
Diversity and Diversification Across the Global Radiation of Extant Bats
Diversity and Diversification Across the Global Radiation of Extant Bats by Jeff J. Shi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Ecology and Evolutionary Biology) in the University of Michigan 2018 Doctoral Committee: Professor Catherine Badgley, co-chair Assistant Professor and Assistant Curator Daniel Rabosky, co-chair Associate Professor Geoffrey Gerstner Associate Research Scientist Miriam Zelditch Kalong (Malay, traditional) Pteropus vampyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) Illustration by Gustav Mützel (Brehms Tierleben), 19271 1 Reproduced as a work in the public domain of the United States of America; accessible via the Wikimedia Commons repository. EPIGRAPHS “...one had to know the initial and final states to meet that goal; one needed knowledge of the effects before the causes could be initiated.” Ted Chiang; Story of Your Life (1998) “Dr. Eleven: What was it like for you, at the end? Captain Lonagan: It was exactly like waking up from a dream.” Emily St. John Mandel; Station Eleven (2014) Bill Watterson; Calvin & Hobbes (October 27, 1989)2 2 Reproduced according to the educational usage policies of, and direct correspondence with Andrews McMeel Syndication. © Jeff J. Shi 2018 [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-8529-7100 DEDICATION To the memory and life of Samantha Jade Wang. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS All of the research presented here was supported by a National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship, an Edwin H. Edwards Scholarship in Biology, and awards from the University of Michigan’s Rackham Graduate School and the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology (EEB). A significant amount of computational work was funded by a Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering fellowship; specimen scanning, loans, and research assistants were funded by the Museum of Zoology’s Hinsdale & Walker fund and an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant. -
Molecular Phylogenetics of the Chiropteran
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF THE CHIROPTERAN FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE By STEVEN REG HOOFER Bachelor of Science Fort Hays State University Hays, Kansas 1994 Master of Science Fort Hays State University Hays, Kansas 1996 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May, 2003 MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS OF THE CHIROPTERAN FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE Dissertation Approve _________ ., .... - _7 ~/) / m,~' '-i, ~h~~~llege ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the following persons and institutions for their generosity in loaning tissue samples for this study and assistance in locating voucher information (institutions listed in decreasing order of number of tissues loaned): R. Baker, R. Bradley, and R. Monk of the Natural Science Research Laboratory of the Museum of Texas Tech University; N. Simmons and C. Norris of the American Museum of Natural History; B. Patterson, L. Heaney, and W. Stanley of the Field Museum of Natural History; S. McLaren of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History; M. Engstrom of the Royal Ontario Museum; M. Ruedi of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Geneva; R. Honeycutt and D. Schlitter of the Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collection at Texas A&M University; T. Yates, M. Bogan, B. Gannon, C. Ramotnik, and E. Valdez of the Museum of Southwestern Biology at the University of New Mexico; J. Whitaker, Jr. and D. Sparks of the Indiana State University Vertebrate Collection; M. Kennedy of the University of Memphis, Mammal Collection; J. Patton of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley; J. Kirsch of the University of Wisconsin Zoological Museum; F. Mayer and K.-G. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
PROCEEDINGS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM Issued vM^iS^yv'^'l ^H ^ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM Vol. 110 Washington : 1959 No. 3417 A REVISION OF AMERICAN BATS OF THE GENERA EUDERMA AND PLECOTUS By Charles O. Handley, Jr. Introduction Confusion and damage to nomenclatural stability are consequences of taxonomic revisions that do not provide adequate explanations or justifications for proposed changes in nomenclature. They are ig- nored, accepted with reservation, or blindly followed by those who have occasion to use them. Confusion of this sort involves a wide- spread American bat, now referred to in literature either as Cory- norhinus or Plecotus. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the status of this bat and its American and Eurasian relatives (particularly Euderma), to assay the evolution of the group, to map geographic distributions, and to bring together the Uterature on natural history of the group. The genera Euderma and Plecotus are vespertilionid bats with ex- ceptionally large ears. They are known colloquially as mule-eared bats, jack-rabbit bats, or, simply, big-eared bats, or long-eared bats. Some species are referred to as lump-nosed bats. Plecotus, as here understood, includes the American Idionycteris and Corynorhinus as subgenera. Perhaps the earliest published reference to an American big-eared bat was that of Clayton (1694, p. 124) in his remarks on the "beasts of Virginia": "Baits, as I remember at least two sorts; one a large 95 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. ho sort with long Ears, and particularly long stragling hairs. The other much like the English, something larger I think, very common." There is now an extensive American literature on Euderma and Plecotus, but most reports contain little more than records of speci- mens. -
List of Taxa for Which MIL Has Images
LIST OF 27 ORDERS, 163 FAMILIES, 887 GENERA, AND 2064 SPECIES IN MAMMAL IMAGES LIBRARY 31 JULY 2021 AFROSORICIDA (9 genera, 12 species) CHRYSOCHLORIDAE - golden moles 1. Amblysomus hottentotus - Hottentot Golden Mole 2. Chrysospalax villosus - Rough-haired Golden Mole 3. Eremitalpa granti - Grant’s Golden Mole TENRECIDAE - tenrecs 1. Echinops telfairi - Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec 2. Hemicentetes semispinosus - Lowland Streaked Tenrec 3. Microgale cf. longicaudata - Lesser Long-tailed Shrew Tenrec 4. Microgale cowani - Cowan’s Shrew Tenrec 5. Microgale mergulus - Web-footed Tenrec 6. Nesogale cf. talazaci - Talazac’s Shrew Tenrec 7. Nesogale dobsoni - Dobson’s Shrew Tenrec 8. Setifer setosus - Greater Hedgehog Tenrec 9. Tenrec ecaudatus - Tailless Tenrec ARTIODACTYLA (127 genera, 308 species) ANTILOCAPRIDAE - pronghorns Antilocapra americana - Pronghorn BALAENIDAE - bowheads and right whales 1. Balaena mysticetus – Bowhead Whale 2. Eubalaena australis - Southern Right Whale 3. Eubalaena glacialis – North Atlantic Right Whale 4. Eubalaena japonica - North Pacific Right Whale BALAENOPTERIDAE -rorqual whales 1. Balaenoptera acutorostrata – Common Minke Whale 2. Balaenoptera borealis - Sei Whale 3. Balaenoptera brydei – Bryde’s Whale 4. Balaenoptera musculus - Blue Whale 5. Balaenoptera physalus - Fin Whale 6. Balaenoptera ricei - Rice’s Whale 7. Eschrichtius robustus - Gray Whale 8. Megaptera novaeangliae - Humpback Whale BOVIDAE (54 genera) - cattle, sheep, goats, and antelopes 1. Addax nasomaculatus - Addax 2. Aepyceros melampus - Common Impala 3. Aepyceros petersi - Black-faced Impala 4. Alcelaphus caama - Red Hartebeest 5. Alcelaphus cokii - Kongoni (Coke’s Hartebeest) 6. Alcelaphus lelwel - Lelwel Hartebeest 7. Alcelaphus swaynei - Swayne’s Hartebeest 8. Ammelaphus australis - Southern Lesser Kudu 9. Ammelaphus imberbis - Northern Lesser Kudu 10. Ammodorcas clarkei - Dibatag 11. Ammotragus lervia - Aoudad (Barbary Sheep) 12. -
Patterns of Genome Size Diversity in Bats (Order Chiroptera)1 Jillian D.L
457 ARTICLE Patterns of genome size diversity in bats (order Chiroptera)1 Jillian D.L. Smith, John W. Bickham, and T. Ryan Gregory Abstract: Despite being a group of particular interest in considering relationships between genome size and metabolic param- eters, bats have not been well studied from this perspective. This study presents new estimates for 121 “microbat” species from 12 families and complements a previous study on members of the family Pteropodidae (“megabats”). The results confirm that diversity in genome size in bats is very limited even compared with other mammals, varying approximately 2-fold from 1.63 pg in Lophostoma carrikeri to 3.17 pg in Rhinopoma hardwickii and averaging only 2.35 pg ± 0.02 SE (versus 3.5 pg overall for mammals). However, contrary to some other vertebrate groups, and perhaps owing to the narrow range observed, genome size correlations were not apparent with any chromosomal, physiological, flight-related, developmental, or ecological characteristics within the order Chiroptera. Genome size is positively correlated with measures of body size in bats, though the strength of the relation- ships differs between pteropodids (“megabats”) and nonpteropodids (“microbats”). Key words: Chiroptera, genome size, C-value, flight, metabolism. Résumé : Bien qu’elles constituent un groupe présentant un intérêt particulier pour l’étude des relations entre la taille du génome et les paramètres métaboliques, les chauves-souris n’ont pas été bien étudiées sous cet angle. Dans ce travail, les auteurs présentent des estimés pour 121 espèces de “microchiroptères” appartenant a` 12 familles et ceci vient compléter une étude antérieure sur des membres de la famille des Pteropodidae (“mégachiroptères”). -
Lhieiicanjmziseum
>lhieiicanGyfitatesJMzIseum PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. I0024 NUMBER 245I FEBRUARY II, I97I Taxonomic Notes on Chalinolobus and Glauconycteris (Chiroptera, Vespertilionidae) BY KARL F. KOOPMAN1 In connection with a joint paper (Van Deusen and Koopman, MS) on the Chalinolobus picatus complex, I have also examined the other species of Australasian Chalinolobus. At the same time, new information has emerged on the status of two species of African Glauconycteris. Because these two genera were recently combined by Ryan (1966), it seemed desirable to combine the two discussions and also to consider whether this generic lumping is justified. First, I will discuss the generic and then the species problems in Chalinolobus and Glauconycteris. The following abbreviations are used: A.M.N.H., the American Museum of Natural History B.M., British Museum (Natural History) F.M.N.H., Field Museum of Natural History S.M.F., Senckenberg Museum THE GENERIC PROBLEM Miller (1907, p. 221) mentioned four characters by which Glauconycteris may be distinguished from Chalinolobus: Greater degree of graduation of metacarpals; outer incisor crowded between canine and inner incisor; small anterior upper premolar absent; third upper molar relatively larger. Ryan (1966) has shown quite convincingly that the small anterior 1Associate Curator, Department of Mammalogy, the American Museum of Natural History. 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2451 FIG. 1. Left upper incisors, canine, and anterior premolar (where present) in Chalinolobus. Upper left, C. (Chalinolobus) gouldi venatoris (A.M.N.H. No. 107765) from Pentland, Queensland, Australia. Upper right, C. (Chalinolobus) morio (A.M.N.H. -
Results of the Archbold Expeditions
RESULTS OF THE ARCHBOLD EXPEDITIONS. NO. 47 REVIEW OF THE VESPERTILIONINE BATS, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO GENERE AND SPECIES OF THE ARCHBOLD COLLECTIONS G. HH. ATE BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 'VOL. LXXX, ART. VII, pp. 221-297 New York Is8ed November 27, 1942 '7s4V'i9<9'vt9 '~rw~';t9 994999947Q'999'¾'Wj 999,'.4<999:9 9\Y47' >Y '99499""4 999>-v 9', 4/99( /9/9''i> 2 . N /4 /9 ~~~~~~~~~~999~~,A I yv (,' '/ '' -', 9 \9~~~~9,i}j99\1. 9999' 7 "',~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ N,K9~~~~~~ 9-> '<N~~~1j AX\'l/ V 9 "<9'99, ~. 99' '9 9 -IN 9,~~~~~~~999 / P1~~~~~~~'t'> $,~~~~~~~ 999999~~~14 99~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~v'99.641~~~~99~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '99.93,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I 1,V~~~~~~~~~~~9 99 ,999 ~ > -9' 9' N99,9 <\N.7 7 ~ ~ /99 ,,,,Z4"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'1' 994N, -"x'~N'' '9~' 99 /9 99,, 9 ~ '9-""' ¼ Article VII.-RESULTS OF THE ARCHBOLD EXPEDITIONS. NO. 47 REVIEW OF THE VESPERTILIONINE BATS, WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION TO GENERA AND SPECIES OF THE ARCHBOLD COLLECTIONS BY G. H. H. TATE FIGURES 1 TO 5 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 221 THE PRIMITIVE VESPERTILIONID...................................................... 222 PRINCIPAL ADAPTIVE CHARACTERS OF THE VESPERTILION1NAE............................. 223 EXTRA-FAMILIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND THE AFFINITIES OF VESPERTILIONID SUBFAMILIES....... 226 SUGGESTED PRIMARY GENERIC GROUPS AND TREATMENT OF GENERA AND SPECIES........ 227 Myotini, incliuding "Plecotin i"...................................................... 229 Pipistrellini, -
Mind the Gap: Natural Cleft Palates Reduce Biting Performance in Bats Abigail A
© 2020. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Journal of Experimental Biology (2020) 223, jeb196535. doi:10.1242/jeb.196535 RESEARCH ARTICLE Mind the gap: natural cleft palates reduce biting performance in bats Abigail A. Curtis1,*, Jessica H. Arbour1 and Sharlene E. Santana1,2 ABSTRACT some domesticated animals such as dogs (Paradas-Lara et al., 2014), Novel morphological traits pose interesting evolutionary paradoxes cows (Myers et al., 1996) and rodents (Satokata and Maas, 1994), when they become widespread in a lineage while being deleterious in although it appears to be extremely rare in wild individuals (Krief others. Cleft palate is a rare congenital condition in mammals in which et al., 2015). In non-human species, cleft palate is often associated the incisor-bearing premaxilla bones of the upper jaw develop with additional congenital defects (Dixon et al., 2011). However, abnormally. However, ∼50% of bat species have natural, non- naturally occurring orofacial clefts have evolved independently at pathological cleft palates. We used the family Vespertilionidae as a least eight times in bats (Order Chiroptera, >1400 species), and are model and linear and geometric morphometrics within a phylogenetic present in >50% of all extant species (Giannini and Simmons, 2007; framework to (1) explore evolutionary patterns in cleft morphology, Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006; Orr et al., 2016; Simmons and Geisler, and (2) test whether cleft morphological variation is correlated with 1998). Bat orofacial clefts may be medial or paramedial with the skull shape in bats. We also used finite element (FE) analyses to intervening space filled with fibrous tissue that creates a flexible, experimentally test how presence of a cleft palate impacts skull complete-looking, dental arch (Giannini and Simmons, 2007; performance during biting in a species with extreme cleft morphology Hutcheon and Kirsch, 2006; Orr et al., 2016; Simmons and (hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus).