DOCSLIB.ORG

Agricultural Sector Survey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Agricultural Sector Survey Report No. 1684-TU Turkey Agricultural Sector Survey (In Two Volumes) Public Disclosure Authorized Volume II: Annexes June 23, 1978 Projects Department Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Document of the World Bank This docUment has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents mray not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS- DECEMBER 1976 / US$1.00 = 16.5 Turkish Lira (LT) LT 1.00 = us$o.o6 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric System British/US System 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds 1 metric ton (ton) = 2,205 pounds 1 millimeter (mm) = 0.04 inch 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet 1 kilometer (km) = 0.62 mile 1 hectare (ha)=10 deca es (da) = 2.47 acre 1 square kilometer (kmc) = 0.386 square mile 1 liter (1) = 0.264 gallon 1 cubic meter (m3 ) = 35.28 cubic feet 1 million cubic meters (Mm3) = 810.7 acre feet 1 liter per second (1/sec) = 0.04 cubic feet per second GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS DSI - Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources' General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works EBK - Meat and Fish Organization FFYP - First Five-Year Plan (1963-1967) LRO - Land Reform Organization MA - Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock MF - Ministry of Forestry MVA - Ministry of Village Affairs SEE - State Economic Enterprise SFYP - Second Five-Year Plan (1968-1972) SIS - State Institute of Statistics SPO - State Planning Organization TCZB - Agricultural Bank TEK - Turkish Electricity Authority TFYP - Third Five-Year Plan (1973-1977) TMO - Soil Products Office TOPRAKSU- MVA's General Directorate of Land and Water Resources Development TSEK - Milk Organization TSF - Turkish Sugar Factories Corporation TZDK - Agricultural Supply Organization GOVERNMENT OF TURKEY FISCAL YEAR March 1 - February 28 LI At the time of the mission's visit to Turkey, On March 31, 1978, the exchange rate was US$1,00 = 25,25 LT. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY TURKEY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR SURVEY VOLUME II - ANNEXES TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. ANNEX 1 Irrigation Development . ... 1. 2 Agricultural Prices and Subsidies Policies . 31 3 Land Tenure and Reform . 81 4 Agricultural Education, Research and Extension . 99 5 Organization and Management of Public Institutions in Agriculture . .. .111 6 Land Use, Crop Production and Forestry . 136 7 Demand Projections and Supply Trends for Agricultural Commodities X . 178 8 Development of the Livestock Subsector .. 198 MAPS IBRD 12729 Irrigation Development IBRD 12758R Climatic Conditions for Crop Production IBRD 12810 Areas Covered by Bank-financed Projects and Public Infrastructure in the Livestock Subsector Idw O Wedus It s-oAmW My asoe dk -w W ANNEX I TURKEY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR SURVEY Irrigation Development A. Irrigation Resources and Their Development Need for Irrigation 1. Climatic conditions vary widely throughout Turkey from the warm sub- tropical climates in the coastal areas to severe continental conditions on the Anatolian Plateau and in the Northeast. Rainfall is unreliable and variable throughout the country making irrigation a major factor in increasing and stabilizing agricultural production. Irrigation also permits greater crop diversification. The average annual precipita'ion and variations in irriga- tion requirements by region are presented in Table 1. 2. Irrigation is an important factor in improving agriculture's con- tribution to the national economy. With the large proportion of Turkey's population ane employment relying on agriculture, the potential improvements resulting from irrigation are becoming increasingly important. Irrigation, if properly planned, developed and managed, coupled with adequate fertilization, crop selection and cultivation practices, can increase and stabilize agricul- ture's contribution to the economy. Land and Water Resources 3. Of the total area of Turkey, approximately 780,000 km2, an estimated 53.7 million ha (83%) are suitable for agricultural use. At present, about 28.2 million ha are being cultivated and the remaining 25.5 million ha of agricultural land are in meadows and grasslands. Land classification surveys indicate that 18.2 million ha of the cultivated land can be considered arable and, of this, about 13.2 million ha are suitable for irrigation. 4. Records show an estimated average annual surface water runoff of 166 billion m3 available in Turkey (Table 2). Of this amount, about 80 billion m3 could physically be developed for irrigation uses. Groundwater reserves are estimated to have an annual yield capability of about 8 billion m3. This total potential annual water supply of 88 billion m3 would be adequate to serve about 8.5 million ha of land. While ultImate irrigation development goals are oriented toward this 8.5 million ha of arable land, economic con- straints may bring the optimum irrigable area to about 65% of this figure, i.e. about 5.5 million ha. Past Irrigation Development 5. Irrigation has been practiced in Turkey for a very long time and some systems developed under the Ottoman Empire are still in operation. Only -2- ANNEX 1 in recent decades, however, have Turkish authorities encouraged and assisted in the large-scalce development of irrigation schemes. Since the establishment of the general directorates of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) in 1953 and Land and Water Resources Development (TOPRAKSU) in 1960, the rate of irrigation development has markedly increased. The high priority given to irrigation since the introduction of state planning in the early 1960's has added impetus to public irrigaZtion development. 6. During the period from 1963 to 1972, 52% of the total investment in agriculture was for water and soil development. By the end of 1972 irrigation regulation and conveyance faci lities had been completed to convey water to about 2.3 million ha. Of this amount, 12 million ha were privately developed and 1.1 million ha were served by public irrigation facilities (Map IBRD 12729). 7, og>'2k-o on development of new public irrigation facilities during the past four years has been mixed (Table 3), During the four-year period from 1973 to 1977, irrigation water control and delivery facilities were com- pleted for an estimated 250,000 ha in large-scale projects and 186,000 ha in small-scale scheaas. 1/ This has brought the total area under state-developed irrigation fraci1ities to about 1.5 million ha. Over the same period, land leveling had been completed on about 136,000 ha, with land consolidation com- pleted on 13,t&C' ha and tile drainage on about 33,000 ha, for a total to date of 246,000 ha, 42'/iGCO ha and 100,000 ha, respectively. Recent performance, thus, shows that the implementation rate for on-farm development work has increased :ed.-; ive to that for major works. In absolute terms, however, the gap bebt:een off X-f and on-farm works completed has grown by about 20% between 1972 and 19IJ7. 27 8. For g land irrigated from state-developed irrigation systems, about n of the u.-a;d:c. is provided from storage reservoirs, 36% by direct diversion fiio!i ,treams without storage, and 4% from tube wells. For the privately deveIcopad irrigation systems, water is supplied by small direct- f low divesiurG Jaro-_ a-.d tube wells, 9. lx $-:. i; p,Th'ir irigation schemes constructed during the last concrete and the dis- decac2-U.e rac-t ` i n -.d sGercndary canals are lined tribtition aare concrete-lined canals, canalets, or concrete pipe. A re1iaMlitav.io:, z,rosi- is underzay to improve and line most of the canals in on 1/ T!i; ' i t!X-i large- and small-scale projects is made whAV.-9, qirE! a water supply larger or smaller than 500 1/sec. 2/ On th(, alssuravire th.-t on-farm development was completed in all small- iL " -.Ea covered by these projects and that which - 11z tle1i: totals 506,000 ha in 1972 and 828 ha in 1976, K oI ± gap of 556,000 ha and 669,000 in 1972 and 1976, ).Y - 3 ANNEX I the older public schemes. TOPRAKSU and DSI are also providing technical assis- tance and materials, through credit arrangements to farmers associations, for rehabilitation of private irrigation systems. 10. Reports from DSI and TOPRAKSU indicate that of the 1.5 million ha in public irrigation schemes, about 960,000 ha (or 64%) are adequately irrigated. The remaining 540,000 ha are under irrigation delivery systems judged to be inadequately irrigated or not realizing the full potential from irrigation, due to inadequate on-farm development including land leveling, drainage facilities, and on-farm distribution systems. However, field observations indicate that, in addition to the reported 540,000 ha, part of the 960,000 ha under major works is also inadequately or improperly irrigated, mostly due to the lack of effective farmer training and extension services, improper land preparation at the farm level, absence of suitable farm implements, and lack of interest by farmers to fully utilize the irrigation infrastructure provided. The area in public irrigation schemes where the full production potential is being realized is estimated at about 500,000 ha, or one-third of the area served by major infrastructure and one-half of the area cropped in these schemes. 11. The area served by public irrigation schemes continues to grow at a rapid rate propelled by large investment allocations for major works, while the land and water resources in the already completed schemes are seriously underutilized. Underutilization of irrigation water is associated with inefficient water management both at the project and at the farm level. Con- tinuation of the traditional flooding technique along with inadequate drainage is common and can even be found in Bank-financed projects.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nc Math 3.Indd
    CHAPTER 9 Geometric Modeling 9.1 Modeling with Area ..........................................................................................341 9.2 Modeling with Volume ......................................................................................347 9.3 Cross Sections of Solids ..................................................................................355 9.4 Solids of Revolution .........................................................................................361 Copyright © Big Ideas Learning, LLC 339 All rights reserved. Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________ Chapter Maintaining Mathematical Proficiency 9 Find the area of the circle or regular polygon. 1. 2. 3.7 ft 4.7 in. 5 ft 3. a circle with a diameter of 74.6 centimeters 4. a regular hexagon with a perimeter of 42 yards and an apothem of 4.25 yards 5. a circle with a circumference of 24π meters Find the surface area and volume of the solid. 6. 7. 35 cm 8 in. 6 in. 28 cm 12 in. 8. 9. 37 m 58 yd 23 m Copyright © Big Ideas Learning, LLC All rights reserved. 340 Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________ Modeling with Area 9.1 For use with Exploration 9.1 Essential Question How can you use the population and area of a region to describe how densely the region is populated? 1 EXPLORATION: Exploring Population and Area Work with a partner. Use the Internet to find the population and land area of each county in California. Then find the number of people per square mile for each county. a. Mendocino County b. Lake County c. Yolo County d. Napa County e. Sonoma County f. Marin County Copyright © Big Ideas Learning, LLC 341 All rights reserved. Name _________________________________________________________ Date __________ 9.1 Modeling with Area (continued) 2 EXPLORATION: Analyzing Population and Area Work with a partner.
    [Show full text]
  • Yenice Köyü Köprüsü Ve Miryokefalon Savaşi Yenice
    Eylül 2010 Cilt:18 No:3 Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi 997-1012 YENİCE KÖYÜ KÖPRÜSÜ VE MİRYOKEFALON SAVAŞI Ramazan Topraklı Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Fakültesi, Tarih Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Ankara Özet Miryokefalon savaşı, 1071’deki Malazgirt Savaşı’nı müteakip kurulan Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’nin Anadolu’da var olma mücadelesidir. 1176 yılında Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu ile yapılan Miryokefalon Savaşı’nın yeri konusunda çeşitli görüşler vardır. Bu görüşlerden önemlileri savaş alanını, Kundanlı, Karamık Beli, Çivril ve Gelendost Fatlın Ovası olarak göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada bunlardan farklı, yeni bir görüş tarih camiasına sunulmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Miryokefalon Savaşı, Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti, Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu, Yenice köyü köprüsü. YENİCE VILLAGE BRIDGE AND MYRIAKEPHALON WAR Abstract The Myriakephalon (Tribritze) War, the struggle of the Turkey Seljukid State for existence in Anatolia afterwards the Manzigert victory. There are various thoughts about the true place of the Myriakephalon War, happened in 1176, between the East Roman Empire and the Turkey Seljukids State. Subtantials from these, signing about the war place Kundanlı, Karamık Beli, Çivril and Gelendost Fatlın Plain. In this paper, a distinctive sight are presented to historians except former idias newly. Key Words: Myriakephalon (Tribritze) War, Seljukid Sultanate of Rum, East Roman Empire, Yenice village bridge. 1. Giriş Türkiye’nin en güzel köşelerinden biri olan Hamideli diyarının tarihini öğren- mek için Devlet Arşivleri’nden konuyla ilgili kitapları incelerken Afşar kazasına bağ- lı “Yenice köyü köprüsü” diye bir ibare dikkatimizi çekmişti. Maamafih, bölgede daha başka köprüler veya yapılar kayıt altına alınmazken, sadece Yenice köyü köprüsünün vakıf konusu olması ve vakıf defterine yazılmış olması ayrıca dikkatimizi çeken bir nokta olmuştur. Özellikle Hamidoğulları Beyliği, Türkiye Selçuklu Devleti’nin bıraktığı tekke, za- viye, mescit, cami, medrese, kervansaray ve bunların vakıflarını sağlam muhafaza et- meyi başarmış, daha da önemlisi bunları hizmet hâlinde Osmanlıya devretmiştir.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing the Aspects of International Migration in Turkey by Using 2000
    MiReKoc MIGRATION RESEARCH PROGRAM AT THE KOÇ UNIVERSITY ______________________________________________________________ MiReKoc Research Projects 2005-2006 Analyzing the Aspects of International Migration in Turkey by Using 2000 Census Results Yadigar Coşkun Address: Kırkkonoaklar Mah. 202. Sokak Utku Apt. 3/1 06610 Çankaya Ankara / Turkey Email: [email protected] Tel: +90. 312.305 1115 / 146 Fax: +90. 312. 311 8141 Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu 34450 Sarıyer Istanbul Turkey Tel: +90 212 338 1635 Fax: +90 212 338 1642 Webpage: www.mirekoc.com E.mail: [email protected] Table of Contents Abstract....................................................................................................................................................3 List of Figures and Tables .......................................................................................................................4 Selected Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................5 1. Introduction..........................................................................................................................................1 2. Literature Review and Possible Data Sources on International Migration..........................................6 2.1 Data Sources on International Migration Data in Turkey..............................................................6 2.2 Studies on International Migration in Turkey..............................................................................11
    [Show full text]
  • Current Analysis of Orcharding in the Isparta Province (Turkey)
    Bulletin of Geography. Socio–economic Series No. 23 (2014): 119–134 Bulletin of GeoGraphy. Socio–economic SerieS journal homepages: http://www.bulletinofgeography.umk.pl http://versita.com/bgss ISSN 1732–4254 quarterly current analysis of orcharding in the isparta province (turkey) Sevil Sargin1, cDFMR, ramazan okudum2, DFM 1Marmara University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Geography, Göztepe Campus, 34722/Kadıköy Istanbul, Turkey, e-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author); 2Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Arts, Department of Geography, Zeve Campus, 65080, Van, Turkey, e-mail: [email protected] Sargin, S. and Okudum, R., 2014: Current analysis of orcharding in the Isparta Province (Turkey). In: Szymańska, D. and Biegańska, J. editors, Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, No. 23, Toruń: Nicolaus Copernicus University Press, pp. 119–134. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bog-2014-0008 abstract. In this study, orcharding activity in the Isparta Province, Turkey, is an- article details: alysed. Until a few years ago, the economy of Isparta was associated with hand Received: 14 June 2013 carpet weaving, rose-growing and rose-oil extraction. However, over the last few Revised: 16 August 2013 years orcharding has attracted attention as the most important economic activity Accepted: 22 November 2013 in Isparta. This is especially visible in the districts of Eğirdir, Gelendost, Senirkent and Yalvaç where many kinds of fruits, specifically apples and cherries, are grown for the market. Physical geography features of Isparta have an important poten- tial for developing orcharding. Suitable climatic conditions, fertile soils and fresh water resources, both surface and underground, are distinctive elements of this potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Useful Forestry Measurements Acre: a Unit of Area Equaling 43,560
    Useful Forestry Measurements Acre: A unit of area equaling 43,560 square feet or 10 square chains. Basal Area: The area, usually in square feet, of the cross-section of a tree stem near its base, generally at breast height and inclusive of bark. The basal area per acre measurement gives you some idea of crowding of trees in a stand. Board Foot: A unit of area for measuring lumber equaling 12 inches by 12 inches by 1 inch. Chain: A unit of length. A surveyor’s chain equals 66 feet or 1/80-mile. Cord: A pile of stacked wood measuring 4 feet by 4 feet by 8 feet when originally conceived. Cubic Foot: A unit of volume measure, wood equivalent to a solid cube that measures 12 inches by 12 inches by 12 inches or 1,728 cubic inches. Cunit: A volume of wood measuring 3 feet and 1-1/2 inches by 4 feet by 8 feet and containing 100 solid cubic feet of wood. D.B.H. (diameter breast height): The measurement of a tree’s diameter at 4-1/2 feet above the ground line. M.B.F. (thousand board feet): A unit of measure containing 1,000 board feet. Section: A unit of area containing 640 acres or one square mile. Square Foot: A unit of area equaling 144 square inches. Township: A unit of land area covering 23,040 acres or 36 sections. Equations Cords per acre (based on 10 Basal Area Factor (BAF) angle gauge) (# of 8 ft sticks + # of trees)/(2 x # plots) Based on 10 Basal Area Factor Angle Gauge Example: (217+30)/(2 x 5) = 24.7 cords/acre BF per acre ((# of 8 ft logs + # of trees)/(2 x # plots)) x 500 Bd ft Example: (((150x2)+30)/(2x5))x500 = 9000 BF/acre or
    [Show full text]
  • Determination of Inorganic Elements in Poppy Straw by Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry As a Means of Ascertaining Origin
    Determination of inorganic elements in poppy straw by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry as a means of ascertaining origin E. ÇOPUR Department of Chemistry, Gendarmarie General Command Criminal Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey 4 N. G. GÖGER, and T. ORBEY Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey B. SENER¸ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey ABSTRACT Cultivation of poppy as a source of opium alkaloids for legitimate medical purposes has a long tradition in Turkey. The main products are poppy straw and concentrate of poppy straw, obtained from dried poppy capsules. The aims of the study reported in the present article were to establish inorganic element profiles for the poppy-growing provinces of Turkey by means of X-ray analysis by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS) and to explore the potential of the technique for determination of origin. Ten elements (sodium, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur, chlorine, potassium, calcium, copper and zinc) were analysed in poppy straw samples from 67 towns in nine provinces. As regards the determination of origin, the most significant finding was the presence of copper and zinc in the poppy straw samples from 8 of the 15 towns in Afyon Province. Since those elements are not normally found in soil, it is assumed that their presence is the result of environmental (industrial) contamination. Differences in the samples from the other eight provinces were less signifi- cant, possibly a result of their geographical proximity. Nevertheless, differences in the samples were apparent. Because the findings are relative rather than absolute in terms of presence or absence of individual inorganic elements, further research is required to convert them into operationally usable results.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera) in Isparta, Turkey 1969-1984 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; Download Unter
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Linzer biologische Beiträge Jahr/Year: 2009 Band/Volume: 0041_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Gürbüz Mehmet Faruk, Aksoylar Mehmet Yasar, Buncukcu Aysegül Artikel/Article: A Faunistic study on Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Isparta, Turkey 1969-1984 © Biologiezentrum Linz/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Linzer biol. Beitr. 41/2 1969-1984 18.12.2009 A Faunistic study on Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) in Isparta, Turkey M.F. GÜRBÜZ, M.Y. AKSOYLAR & A. BUNCUKÇU A b s t r a c t : We have investigated Ichneumonidae fauna of Isparta province between 2001-2007 in Turkey. Totally, 46 species, 36 genera, 12 subfamilies were found; 4 species from Anomaloninae, 6 species from Banchinae, 3 species from Campoplaginae, 4 species from Cryptinae, 14 species from Ctenopelmatinae, 4 species from Pimplinae, 2 species from Ophioninae, 5 species from Typhoninae, 1 species from Cremastinae, Metopiinae, Collyriinae and Diplazontinae. 1 genera and six species, noted in the text by asterisk, are new records for Turkey. The synonyms, general and Turkish distribution and as well as known host of all species were given. K e y w o r d s : Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Fauna, Turkey. Introduction In Turkey, the past studies about Ichneumonidae were inadequate to make precise esti- mations about the existance of species. On the other hand, it is known that Turkey with its high diverse biota is expected to provide a very rich fauna of Ichneumonidae as well as other insects (ÖZBEK et al. 2003). Isparta is one of the most important refugias of Turkey, possessing different topographic conditions and various kind of climates (GRUEV 2002).
    [Show full text]
  • New Custom for the Old Village Interpreting History Through Turkish Village Web-Sites
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History Spring 5-27-2011 New Custom for the Old Village Interpreting History through Turkish Village Web-Sites Musemma Sabancioglu Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Recommended Citation Sabancioglu, Musemma, "New Custom for the Old Village Interpreting History through Turkish Village Web-Sites." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2011. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/48 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NEW CUSTOM FOR THE OLD VILLAGE INTERPRETING HISTORY THROUGH TURKISH VILLAGE WEB-SITES by MÜSEMMA SABANCIOĞLU Under the Direction of Isa Blumi ABSTRACT It is estimated that there are 35.000 villages in Turkey, and a great number of them have their own unofficial web-sites created as a result of individual efforts. The individuals who prepare these web-sites try to connect with the world via the internet, and represent their past with limited information. Pages on these web-sites that are titled "our history" or "our short history" provide some unique historical, cultural, and anthropological information about the villager's life in rural area. This thesis examines amateur historians' methods of reinterpretation in
    [Show full text]
  • Weights and Measures Standards of the United States—A Brief History (1963), by Lewis V
    WEIGHTS and MEASURES STANDARDS OF THE UMIT a brief history U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS NBS Special Publication 447 WEIGHTS and MEASURES STANDARDS OF THE TP ii 2ri\ ii iEa <2 ^r/V C II llinCAM NBS Special Publication 447 Originally Issued October 1963 Updated March 1976 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Wash., D.C. 20402. Price $1; (Add 25 percent additional for other than U.S. mailing). Stock No. 003-003-01654-3 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 76-600055 Foreword "Weights and Measures," said John Quincy Adams in 1821, "may be ranked among the necessaries of life to every individual of human society." That sentiment, so appropriate to the agrarian past, is even more appropriate to the technology and commerce of today. The order that we enjoy, the confidence we place in weighing and measuring, is in large part due to the measure- ment standards that have been established. This publication, a reprinting and updating of an earlier publication, provides detailed information on the origin of our standards for mass and length. Ernest Ambler Acting Director iii Preface to 1976 Edition Two publications of the National Bureau of Standards, now out of print, that deal with weights and measures have had widespread use and are still in demand. The publications are NBS Circular 593, The Federal Basis for Weights and Measures (1958), by Ralph W. Smith, and NBS Miscellaneous Publication 247, Weights and Measures Standards of the United States—a Brief History (1963), by Lewis V.
    [Show full text]
  • Relations Among Boron Status and Some Soil Properties of Isparta
    Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Süleyman Demirel University Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi İ. Erdal et al. / Relations among Boron Status and Some Soil Properties of Isparta Region Apple OrchardsJournal of Natural and Applied Sciences Cilt 20, Sayı 3, 421‐427, 2016 Volume 20, Issue 3, 421‐427, 2016 DOI: 10.19113/sdufbed.20952 Relations among Boron Status and Some Soil Properties of Isparta Region Apple Orchards İbrahim ERDAL*1, Ali COŞKAN1, Zeliha KÜÇÜKYUMUK1, Figen ERASLAN1 1Süleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 32260, Isparta (Alınış / Received: 16.05.2016, Kabul / Accepted: 28.09.2016, Online Yayınlanma / Published Online: 04.11.2016) Keywords Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the boron (B) status of apple orchards and Apple examine the relations among B nutrition and some soil properties in Isparta province. For this orchards, purpose 250 gardens from the seven districts of the region were determined and soil and leaf Boron, samples were collected. In order to determine soil and leaf B status and relations among these Isparta some soil properties were determined. Similarly, other leaf nutrient concentrations were analyzed. According to the soil analysis it was seen that most of the soils are B‐sufficient. If soil B concentrations were evaluated depending on the district, the lowest soil B (0.26 mg kg‐1) was measured from the gardens of Senirkent, the highest B concentration (3.44 mg kg‐1) was determined in Atabey. Looking at the individual districts, all apple orchards in Gönen and Keçiborlu have sufficient (0.5‐2 mg kg‐1) soil B.
    [Show full text]
  • Isparta Il Gida, Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Müdürlüğü
    ISPARTA İL TARIM VE ORMAN MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ T.C. TARIM VE ORMAN BAKANLIĞI ÖNSÖZ Tarım Ülkemiz ekonomisi için büyük bir öneme sahip oluğu gibi İlimiz ekonomisi içinde oldukça önemlidir. Özellikle İlimiz iklim özellikleri, verimli toprak yapısı ve konumu ile Akdeniz iklimi ve karasal iklim arasında geçiş bölgesi olması nedeniyle Türkiye’nin özel tarım bölgelerindendir. Bölgenin sıcaklık nem dengesi gibi iklimsel özelliklerin ortaya çıkarttığı özel bir aroması olan başta elma, gül, kiraz, karanfil, lavanta, kayısı, çilek, domates, hıyar, biber… vb. sebze ürünlerimiz özellikle ulusal ve uluslararası pazarlarda yerini almaktadır. İlimiz üretim deseni de dikkate alınarak modern yetiştirme teknikleri ile kaliteli üretim yapıp markalaşmaya gitmek için gerekli çalışmalar hızla devam etmektedir. İlimizin göller yöresinde yer alması su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği için önemli bir yere sahiptir. Özellikle Kerevit, sudak, gümüşi havuz balığı ve alabalık üretiminde ön sıralarda yer almaktadır. İlimizin bu özelliklerinin öne çıkarılmasında tarımsal verilerin önemi büyüktür. Bu veriler her yıl Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK) tarafından yayınlanmaktadır. Tarımsal veriler yatırımcılara yol göstermesi açısından önem arz etmektedir. İlimiz için hazırlanan bu brifingin tarım, hayvancılık ve su ürünleri sektörlerine yol göstermesine, planlama yapmalarına faydalı olmasını diliyorum. Bu brifingin hazırlanmasında emeği geçen personele teşekkür ediyorum. Enver Murat DOLUNAY İl Müdürü V. MĠSYON- VĠZYON Misyon Ülkemizin ve dünya pazarlarının ihtiyacı olan, güvenilir gıda ve
    [Show full text]
  • In Turkey (Diptera, Stratiomyidae)
    S.Ü. Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Fen Dergisi Sayı 20 (2002) 33-37, KONYA Faunistic study on the Subfamily Stratiomyinae from ‘‘Region of Lakes’’ in Turkey (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) Turgay ÜSTÜNER1, Abdullah HASBENLİ2 Abstract: In this study some species of the subfamily Stratiomyinae have been given as record from‘‘Region of Lakes’’in Turkey. These species are distributed widely in Palaearctic Region. Stratiomys chamaeleon (Linnaeus, 1758), Stratiomys longicornis (Scopoli, 1763), Stratiomys ruficornis (Macquart, 1838) have been recorded for the first time in this area. Key words: Stratiomyinae, Region of Lakes, Turkey, Fauna Türkiye’de Göller Bölgesi’nden Stratiomyinae Altfamilyası Üzerine Faunistik Çalışma Özet: Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de Göller Bölgesi’den Stratiomyinae alfamilyasının bazı türleri kayıt olarak verilmiştir. Bu türler Palaearktik Bölge’de geniş yayılışlıdırlar. Stratiomys chamaeleon (Linnaeus, 1758), Stratiomys longicornis (Scopoli, 1763), Stratiomys ruficornis (Macquart, 1838) bu alandan ilk kez kayıt edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Stratiomyinae, Göller Bölgesi, Turkiye, Fauna Introduction The subfamily Stratiomyinae have been recorded in Turkey by fourteen species belong to four genus. These species are Exochostoma osellai Mason, 1995, Odontomyia discolor Loew, 1846, Odontomyia angulata (Panzer, 1798), Odontomyia cephalonica Strobol, 1898, Odontomyia flavissima (Rossi, 1790), Odontomyia hydroleon (Linnaeus, 1758), Odontomyia ornata (Meigen, 1822), Oplodontha viridula (Fabricius, 1775), Stratiomys armeniaca Bigot, 1879, Stratiomys cenisia Meigen, 1 Selcuk University, Faculty of Arts&Science, Department of Biology,42031, Konya / TURKEY 2 Gazi University, Faculty of Arts&Science, Department of Biology, 06500, Ankara / TURKEY Faunistic study on the Subfamily Stratiomyinae from ‘‘Region of Lakes’’ in Turkey (Diptera, Stratiomyidae) 1822, Stratiomys chamaeleon (Linnaeus, 1758), Stratiomys longicornis (Scopoli, 1763), Stratiomys nigerrima (Szilady, 1941), Stratiomys ruficornis (Macquart, 1838), [1,2, 3].
    [Show full text]