A Companion to Renaissance Drama

A Companion to Renaissance Drama EDITED BY ARTHUR F. KINNEY Blackwell Publishers A Companion to Renaissance Drama Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture This series offers comprehensive, newly written surveys of key periods and movements and certain major authors in English literary culture and history. Extensive volumes provide new perspectives and positions on contexts and on canonical and post- canonical texts, orientating the beginning student in new fields of study and provid- ing the experienced undergraduate and new graduate with current and new direc- tions, as pioneered and developed by leading scholars in the field. 1 A Companion to Romanticism Edited by Duncan Wu 2 A Companion to Victorian Literature Edited by Herbert F. Tucker and Culture 3 A Companion to Shakespeare Edited by David Scott Kastan 4 A Companion to the Gothic Edited by David Punter 5 A Feminist Companion to Shakespeare Edited by Dympna Callaghan 6 A Companion to Chaucer Edited by Peter Brown 7 A Companion to English Literature from Edited by David Womersley Milton to Blake 8 A Companion to English Renaissance Edited by Michael Hattaway Literature and Culture 9 A Companion to Milton Edited by Thomas N. Corns 10 A Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry Edited by Neil Roberts 11 A Companion to Anglo-Saxon Literature Edited by Phillip Pulsiano and Elaine Treharne 12 A Companion to Restoration Drama Edited by Susan J. Owen 13 A Companion to Early Modern Women’s Edited by Anita Pacheco Writing 14 A Companion to Renaissance Drama Edited by Arthur F. Kinney 15 A Companion to Victorian Poetry Edited by Richard Cronin, Alison Chapman and Authony Harrison 16 A Companion to the Victorian Novel Edited by Patrick Brantlinger and William B. Thesing A Companion to Renaissance Drama EDITED BY ARTHUR F. KINNEY Blackwell Publishers Copyright © Blackwell Publishers Ltd, a Blackwell Publishing Company, 2002 Editorial matter, selection, and arrangement copyright © Arthur F. Kinney 2002 First published 2002 24681097531 Editorial Offices: 108 Cowley Road Oxford OX4 1JF UK Tel: +44 (0)1865 791100 350 Main Street Malden, Massachusetts 02148 USA Tel: +1 781 388 8250 All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A companion to Renaissance drama / edited by Arthur F. Kinney. P. cm. – (Blackwell companions to literature and culture) Includes index. ISBN 0-631-21959-1 (alk. paper) 1. English drama – Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500–1600 – History and criticism – Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. English drama – 17th century – History and criticism – Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Renaissance – England – Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Kinney, Arthur F., 1933– II. Renaissance drama. III. Series. PR651 .C66 2002 822¢.309 – dc21 2001043979 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset in 11 on 13 pt Garamond 3 by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printed in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall This book is printed on acid-free paper To the memory of Walter T. Chmielewski and for Alison, Mika, and Ben Chmielewski Contents List of Illustrations xi Notes on Contributors xii Acknowledgments xviii Introduction: The Dramatic World of the Renaissance 1 Arthur F. Kinney PART ONE The Drama’s World 11 1 The Politics of Renaissance England 13 Norman Jones 2 Political Thought and the Theater, 1580–1630 25 Annabel Patterson 3 Religious Persuasions, c.1580–c.1620 40 Lori Anne Ferrell 4 Social Discourse and the Changing Economy 50 Lee Beier 5 London and Westminster 68 Ian W. Archer 6 Vagrancy 83 William C. Carroll 7 Family and Household 93 Martin Ingram viii Contents 8 Travel and Trade 109 William H. Sherman 9 Everyday Custom and Popular Culture 121 Michael Bristol 10 Magic and Witchcraft 135 Deborah Willis PART TWO The World of Drama 145 11 Playhouses 147 Herbert Berry 12 The Transmission of an English Renaissance Play-Text 163 Grace Ioppolo 13 Playing Companies and Repertory 180 Roslyn L. Knutson 14 Must the Devil Appear?: Audiences, Actors, Stage Business 193 S. P. Cerasano 15 “The Actors are Come Hither”: Traveling Companies 212 Peter H. Greenfield 16 Jurisdiction of Theater and Censorship 223 Richard Dutton PART THREE Kinds of Drama 237 17 Medieval and Reformation Roots 239 Raphael Falco 18 The Academic Drama 257 Robert S. Knapp 19 “What Revels are in Hand?”: Performances in the Great Households 266 Suzanne Westfall 20 Progresses and Court Entertainments 281 R. Malcolm Smuts 21 Civic Drama 294 Lawrence Manley Contents ix 22 Boy Companies and Private Theaters 314 Michael Shapiro 23 Revenge Tragedy 326 Eugene D. Hill 24 Staging the Malcontent in Early Modern England 336 Mark Thornton Burnett 25 City Comedy 353 John A. Twyning 26 Domestic Tragedy: Private Life on the Public Stage 367 Lena Cowen Orlin 27 Romance and Tragicomedy 384 Maurice Hunt 28 Gendering the Stage 399 Alison Findlay 29 Closet Drama Marta Straznicky 416 PART FOUR Dramatists 431 30 Continental Influences 433 Lawrence F. Rhu 31 Christopher Marlowe 446 Emily C. Bartels 32 Ben Jonson 464 W. David Kay 33 Sidney, Cary, Wroth 482 Margaret Ferguson 34 Thomas Middleton 507 John Jowett 35 Beaumont and Fletcher 524 Lee Bliss x Contents 36 Collaboration 540 Philip C. McGuire 37 John Webster 553 Elli Abraham Shellist 38 John Ford 567 Mario DiGangi Index 584 Illustrations Plate 1 Sir Thomas More and his family 94 Plate 2 Cornelius Johnson, The family of Arthur, Lord Capel 95 Plate 3 Male and female roles: hunting and spinning 97 Plate 4 A family meal 98 Plate 5 A wife beats her husband with a bunch of keys: a “riding” occurs in the background 103 Plate 6 The world turned upside down 104 Plate 7 A page from Heywood’s foul papers of The Captives 166 Plate 8 Title-page illustrations from Henry Marsh, The Wits (1662) 197 Plate 9 Richard Tarlton, from a drawing by John Scottowe 207 Plate 10 Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke: engraving by Simon Van der Passe 486 Plate 11 Elizabeth, Lady Falkland: by Athow from a painting by Paul van Somer 494 Plate 12 Lady Mary Wroth 497 Contributors Ian W. Archer is Fellow and Tutor in Modern History at Keble College, Oxford. He is the author of The Pursuit of Stability: Social Relations in Elizabethan London, and of various articles on the history of the early modern metropolis. He is currently working on charity in early modern England, and is the General Editor of the Royal Histori- cal Society Bibliographies on British and Irish History. Emily C. Bartels is Associate Professor of English at Rutgers University (New Brunswick) and author of Spectacles of Strangeness: Imperialism, Alienation, and Marlowe, which won the Roma Gill Prize for the Best Work on Christopher Marlowe in 1993–4. She has also written articles on Shakespeare, representations of the Moor, and early English imperialism, and is currently at work on a book, Before Slavery: English Stories of Africa. Lee Beier was a Lecturer in History at Lancaster University until 1990. Currently he is Professor of History at Illinois State University. He is the author of Masterless Men: The Vagrancy Problem in England, 1560–1640. Herbert Berry is Emeritus Professor of English in the University of Saskatchewan. He has published many pieces about playhouses in London during Elizabethan, Jacobean, and Caroline times. Lee Bliss is Professor of English at the University of California, Santa Barbara. She is the author of The World’s Perspective: John Webster and the Jacobean Drama and of Francis Beaumont, is editor of the New Cambridge Shakespeare Coriolanus, and has written articles on Renaissance dramatists, the genre of tragicomedy, and Renaissance retellings of the Griselda story, and a bibliographical study of the First Folio text of Coriolanus. Notes on Contributors xiii Michael Bristol is Greenshields Professor of English Literature at McGill University. He is author of Big Time Shakespeare, Shakespeare’s America/America’s Shakespeare, and Carnival and Theater: Plebeian Culture and the Structure of Authority in Renaissance England. Mark Thornton Burnett is a Reader in English at the Queen’s University of Belfast. He is the author of Masters and Servants in English Renaissance Drama and Culture: Authority and Obedience (1997), the editor of The Complete Plays of Christopher Marlowe (1999) and Christopher Marlowe: Complete Poems (2000), and the co-editor of New Essays on “Hamlet” (1994), Shakespeare and Ireland: History, Politics, Culture (1997), and Shake- speare, Film, Fin de Siècle (2000). He is currently completing Constructing “Monsters” in Shakespearean Drama and Early Modern Culture for Palgrave. William C. Carroll is Professor of English at Boston University. Among his books are Fat King, Lean Beggar: Representations of Poverty in the Age of Shakespeare (1996) and Macbeth: Texts and Contexts (1999), and he is editor of the forthcoming third edition of the Arden Shakespeare The Two Gentlemen of Verona. S. P. Cerasano, Professor of English at Colgate University, is working on a biogra- phy of the Renaissance actor-entrepreneur Edward Alleyn. With Marion Wynne- Davies she has co-edited Renaissance Drama by Women (1995) and Readings in Renaissance Women’s Drama (1998).

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