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View Latest Version Here. the Challenge Of This transcript was exported on Jul 02, 2020 - view latest version here. Steven Goldstein: Good morning, good afternoon, good evening, wherever you are. My name is Steven Goldstein and I'm the director of the Taiwan Workshop at the Fairbank Center at Harvard University. And I'm very pleased today to moderate a round table on the COVID-19 virus and the experience in Taiwan. Let me just start off with a few thoughts. Taiwan appears to be the land of miracles. In the 1970s, when I was a grad... well, I was more than a graduate student, the Taiwan miracle was the economic transformation that took place in Taiwan, after the establishment of rule on the Island. In the two thousands, or in the turn of the 20th century, the Taiwan miracle was a political miracle. It was the democratization of an authoritarian regime. Steven Goldstein: And now people are talking of a third miracle Taiwan's response to the COVID-19 virus. You see the more I read about it, the more I see terms like gold standard being used to characterize the Taiwan experience. Miracle's not a good word, because every one of those miracles, including the miracle today has been the result of political leadership and societal participation. They're the result of policies led by political leaders with the participation and cooperation of the people. This was unquestionably the case in the first two miracles. And today it's becoming increasingly clear that the same holds for the present miracle. Political leadership, societal effort, combined with technological capabilities, social policies, government institutions have all played central roles in Taiwan's response. Steven Goldstein: Today we're going to look at that response and we're very fortunate to have some excellent guests to take part. From Taiwan, we have Jen-Hsiang Chuang, who is the Deputy Director General of the Centers for Disease Control. We have Steven Kuo, President of National Yang-Min University and former Head of the Centers for Disease Control. We have Winnie Yip on the Harvard side, who is a Professor of Global Health and Economics at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and Bill Hsiao, William Hsiao, who is the K.T. Li Professor of Economics, also at the Chan School of Public Health. I've asked Professor Yip to make a few introductory comments. And then we will go to a round table format among the participants and end with questions from the viewers. Steven Goldstein: When that time comes, or during the talk if you'd like, just simply press the Q and A tab at the bottom of your screen to submit questions. You may choose to remain anonymous, but otherwise please provide your name and institutional affiliation. And finally, we expect to receive more questions than we're going to be able to answer, not that we won't be able to answer, but the constraints of time. I think with these people, we should be able to answer practically anything. And so we expect to receive more questions than we'll be able to answer. And I hope you'll understand if your question is not introduced. So Dr. Yip, would you like to begin? Winnie Yip: Great, thank you Steve. Good evening to our friends from Taiwan. As Steve said, Taiwan is holding up now as the gold standard in the response to COVID-19. So we're delighted to have this opportunity to hear from you what you do and share lessons for others. Now, for the audience who may not know, with a population of 23 million in Taiwan as of June 1st, the total cumulated cases of COVID is only 443. While we wish it is zero. But if you look at what is happening in the United States and many other countries, being able to control it at 443, and the number of deaths is only seven so far, it is very The Challenge of COVID 19 The Taiwan Experience (Completed Page 1 of 19 06/30/20) Transcript by Rev.com This transcript was exported on Jul 02, 2020 - view latest version here. admirable and we wish every country could do it. And you were able to, if I would quote what my epidemiologist colleague would say, you were able to manage the situation and control the growth of the number of cases. Winnie Yip: So it doesn't go into exponential growth. Because once it goes into exponential growth, it is out of control. They're many things you cannot do. And I think you are very successful by preventing that in happening. And because of that, you also avoid the shutting down economy, shutting down schools, shutting down society, which of course have major consequences and therefore much more difficult in recovery. And also your healthcare system do not get crushed if I may say so, because you were able to really intervene early and also fast. So again, as my epidemiologist friend here would say that with infectious disease, it's always about speed, speed, speed. And in this particular case, because COVID's transmission is also asymptomatic. So the other key word is test, test, test. And Taiwan seems to be able to adhere to speed, speed, speed and also do test, test, test. Winnie Yip: So I think that it would be wonderful if we can hear from you. If I may ask that Dr. Chuang to share with us briefly, what are some of the strategies that Taiwan introduced especially in the early phase? I understand that even on December 31st, when WHO was informed by the Chinese government of COVID-19, you already started some measures on border control and then gradually take a very nuanced approach to expand it. And therefore... and I'm sure it is rather difficult because of the huge volume of travel between China and Taiwan. The large number of people that actually live in Tai... China, and work in China and around Chinese New Year. And, you also deploy technology beautifully. And you say in the database that multiple database, including the national health insurance database, the immigration database to help you with case identification. Winnie Yip: So it will not be just a due justice for me to say it. So we are delighted that, we would love to hear from Dr. Chuang. What are some of the key strategies that you adopt for... that allow you to present the epidemiological curve to become exponential, if I may say that? And then I'd like to invite Dr. Kuo to perhaps list three lessons for other countries. Now, before the talk, actually Dr. Kuo reminded us that today Dr. Chuang is the spokesperson for COVID response. 17 years ago he was the spokesperson for SARS. So we are very delighted to have both of them here. So with that said, can I invite Dr. Chuang to just give us a brief overview of what you did and then Dr. Kuo? Jen-Hsiang Chuang: Everyone, thanks for inviting to participant in this online presentation, so for Taiwan experience in combating COVID-19. So I will share our experience first. I think we have a very rapid response for the early warning. For example, on the December 31, 2019, we learn from the PTT, that's a large online forum in Taiwan, there had been at least seven case of typical pneumonia, and they were isolated in Wuhan, China. So at that time, because we have some thoughts on this news. So we sent emails to WHO and Chinese CDC for the further information. So we also implement the onboard quarantine of our passenger from Wuhan at the same day. And since that day, we had a press conference every day to communicate the everyday situation with our public and share our public and journalists about what's the situation in Wuhan. The Challenge of COVID 19 The Taiwan Experience (Completed Page 2 of 19 06/30/20) Transcript by Rev.com This transcript was exported on Jul 02, 2020 - view latest version here. Jen-Hsiang Chuang: Although we only got the some, very formal report from the China CDC. But we report such kind of information to the public but we also to convey our... some kind of thoughts about this information to tell our people to know. Because we don't know, is this human to human transmission or not. We also don't know how's the transmission, how quite easily transmit from the animal, or is there any source of the invasion agents. So we are trying to analyze such kind of information with our public every day. Then we also try to establish our diagnosis kit after the China release their genetics frequency. So January 15, we have listed this disease as a notifiable disease, according to our Communicable Disease Control Act. Jen-Hsiang Chuang: And on the January 20, we activate our Central Epidemic Command Center. So let's us can be mobilize all our resources and course our department effort to combat this disease. So it's fortunate two days later, we gather first cases of the no... COVID-19 case from the Wuhan. So it demonstrate our ability to diagnose the disease. And later we use the contact tracing. We have... we use our... Because in past years, we are trying to contact tracing every minor case. So if there is any minor case occur, we use our state personnel to try to investigate every potential contacts and try to monitor.
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