DOCSLIB.ORG

Through Astronaut Eyes: Photographing Early Human Spaceflight

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Through Astronaut Eyes: Photographing Early Human Spaceflight Purdue University Purdue e-Pubs Purdue University Press Book Previews Purdue University Press 6-2020 Through Astronaut Eyes: Photographing Early Human Spaceflight Jennifer K. Levasseur Follow this and additional works at: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/purduepress_previews This document has been made available through Purdue e-Pubs, a service of the Purdue University Libraries. Please contact [email protected] for additional information. THROUGH ASTRONAUT EYES PURDUE STUDIES IN AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS James R. Hansen, Series Editor Purdue Studies in Aeronautics and Astronautics builds on Purdue’s leadership in aeronautic and astronautic engineering, as well as the historic accomplishments of many of its luminary alums. Works in the series will explore cutting-edge topics in aeronautics and astronautics enterprises, tell unique stories from the history of flight and space travel, and contemplate the future of human space exploration and colonization. RECENT BOOKS IN THE SERIES British Imperial Air Power: The Royal Air Forces and the Defense of Australia and New Zealand Between the World Wars by Alex M Spencer A Reluctant Icon: Letters to Neil Armstrong by James R. Hansen John Houbolt: The Unsung Hero of the Apollo Moon Landings by William F. Causey Dear Neil Armstrong: Letters to the First Man from All Mankind by James R. Hansen Piercing the Horizon: The Story of Visionary NASA Chief Tom Paine by Sunny Tsiao Calculated Risk: The Supersonic Life and Times of Gus Grissom by George Leopold Spacewalker: My Journey in Space and Faith as NASA’s Record-Setting Frequent Flyer by Jerry L. Ross THROUGH ASTRONAUT EYES Photographing Early Human Spaceflight Jennifer K. Levasseur Purdue University Press West Lafayette, Indiana The funding and support of the author by the Smithsonian Institution made the research and writing of this book possible. Copyright 2020 by Smithsonian Institution. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Cataloging-in-Publication data is on file with the Library of Congress. Hardback ISBN: 978-1-55753-931-1 epub ISBN: 978-1-55753-933-5 epdf ISBN: 978-1-55753-932-8 Cover images: Astronaut Edward White performing the first U.S. spacewalk, photographed by James McDivitt, June 3, 1965, S65-30431 (NASA); Earthrise, photographed by William Anders, December 24, 1968, AS08-14-2383 (NASA); the iconic photograph of Buzz Aldrin, over many years, came to be known by many as the Moonman image, AS11-40- 5903 (NASA); A whole Earth as seen during the Apollo 17 mission, likely photographed by Harrison Schmitt, AS17-148-22727 (NASA); Harrison Schmitt and the U.S. flag with Earth above, photographed by Eugene Cernan, December 11, 1972, AS17-134-20384 (NASA); Apollo Lunar Camera (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum For Remi and Drew CONTENTS List of Illustrations viii Acknowledgments xiii INTRODUCTION Interpreting Astronaut Photography 1 CHAPTER 1 Why an Amateur Needs a Better Camera than a Professional 15 CHAPTER 2 Photographs for Every Audience 61 CHAPTER 3 Images of Exploration 99 CHAPTER 4 The Afterlife of Astronaut Photography 145 EPILOGUE Continuing Resonance 185 Notes 195 Archival and Bibliographic Sources 219 Index 231 About the Author 239 List of Illustrations xvi Figure Intro. 1. Earthrise, photographed by William Anders, December 24, 1968, AS08-14-2383 (NASA). 11 Figure Intro. 2. Astronaut Edward White performing the first U.S. spacewalk, photographed by James McDivitt, June 3, 1965, S65-30431 (NASA). 12 Figure Intro. 3. Astronaut Buzz Aldrin saluting the U.S. flag on the Moon during the Apollo 11 mission, July 20, 1969, AS11-40-5874 (NASA). 18 Figure 1.1. Mercury capsule model in spin tunnel at the Langley Research Center, September 11, 1959, LARC Image #L-1959-06212 (NASA). 22 Figure 1.2. Earth/Sky Observer camera manufactured by J. A. Maurer, used on unpiloted Mercury-Atlas 3A mission on April 25, 1961, NASM Cat. #A19781516000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 23 Figure 1.3. Mercury Pilot Observer Camera, NASM Cat. #A19790459000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 23 Figure 1.4. Instrument Observer Camera visible over Glenn’s right shoulder and the chest mirror at the bottom shows some of the instrument panel, still frame from 16mm Pilot Observer Camera, Friendship 7, February 20, 1962 (NASA). 25 Figure 1.5. Ansco Autoset camera, Friendship 7, NASM Cat. #A19670198000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 26 Figure 1.6. Leica camera, Friendship 7, NASM Cat. #A19670197000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 28 Figure 1.7. Astronaut Scott Carpenter on the recovery ship U.S.S. Intrepid after the Aurora 7 flight, carrying his Robot camera and spacesuit gloves, July 10, 1962, S62- 04027 (NASA). viii 31 Figure 1.8. Astronauts Wally Schirra (left) and Deke Slayton (center) examine Hasselblad cameras with engineer Roland Williams, 1962, S62-06065 (NASA). 32 Figure 1.9. Hasselblad camera used by Wally Schirra on Sigma 7, October 3, 1962 (Courtesy of RR Auction). 33 Figure 1.10. Robot camera used by Gordon Cooper on Faith 7, May 18–19, 1963, NASM Cat. #A19770553000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 37 Figure 1.11. Hasselblad 1600f model (Richard Nordin). 39 Figure 1.12. Hasselblad advertisement, Popular Photography, July 1961 (Courtesy of Smithsonian Libraries, Washington, DC; courtesy of Vicktor Hasselblad AB). 40 Figure 1.13. Hasselblad camera advertisement, Newsweek, August 11, 1969 (Courtesy of Viktor Hasselblad AB). 45 Figure 1.14. 70mm Hasselblad SWC from Project Gemini, NASM Cat. #A19790525000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 46 Figure 1.15. 70mm J. A. Maurer still camera from Project Gemini, NASM Cat. #A19761794000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 47 Figure 1.16. 35mm Zeiss Contarex camera, NASM Cat. #V19890085039 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 48 Table 1.1. Data compiled for Gemini mission training. Source: Project Gemini mission reports. 55 Figure 1.17. Apollo 8 flight plan page for start of fourth orbit,Earthrise image captured at approximately MET 75:47 (NASA). 60 Figure 2.1. Earthrise, photographed by Frank Borman, December 24, 1968, AS08- 13-2329 (NASA). 64 Figure 2.2. Earthrise, photographed by Lunar Orbiter 1, August 23, 1966, Frame 102-H2 (NASA). 68 Table 2.1. Tabulation of all images featuring humans (including shadows and footprints). 73 Figure 2.3. Data Acquisition Camera from the Apollo 11 Lunar Module, NASM Cat. #A20190311000 (Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum). 75 Figure 2.4. The Augmented Target Docking Adapter (ATDA) as seen from the Gemini 9 spacecraft during one of their three rendezvous in space, June 3, 1966, S66-37923 (NASA). 76 Figure 2.5. Magnification of the service module gave engineers their only look at the damage to Apollo 13, April 17, 1970, AS13-58-8459 (NASA). LIST OF IllUSTRATIONS ix 79 Figure 2.6. Apollo Lunar Stereo Closeup Camera during Apollo 11, AS11-40-5957 (NASA). 84 Figure 2.7. A whole Earth as seen during the Apollo 17 mission, likely photo- graphed by Harrison Schmitt, AS17-148-22727 (NASA). 85 Figure 2.8. The Hycon lunar topographic camera was intended for lunar mapping during Apollo 13, AS13-282A-70HC-251 (NASA). 86 Figure 2.9. Open SIM Bay of Apollo 17 service module, December 14, 1972, AS17- 145-22254 (NASA). 94 Figure 2.10. Terry Slezak in the LRL with an Apollo 11 film magazine and lunar dust on his fingers, S69-40054 (NASA). 101 Figure 3.1. The iconic photograph of Buzz Aldrin, over many years, came to be known by many as the Moonman image, AS-40-5903 (NASA). 109 Figure 3.2. Timothy O’Sullivan’s ambulance wagon and portable darkroom used during the King Survey rolls across the sand dunes of Carson Desert, Nevada, 1867, 77-KS-346O (National Archives). 114 Figure 3.3. Endurance at midwinter, photographed by Frank Hurley, 1915, P66/18/43 (Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge). 117 Figure 3.4. The Polar Party at the South Pole. Scott, Oates, Evans stands, Bowers and Wilson sit in front with the Union Jack flag on a pole behind, photographed by Henry Bowers, 1912, P2005/5/1346 (Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge). 123 Figure 3.5. Cliffs of the Upper Colorado River, Wyoming Territory, by Thomas Moran, 1882 (Smithsonian American Art Museum, Bequest of Henry Ward Ranger through the National Academy of Design). 123 Figure 3.6. Gas Pillars in the Eagle Nebula (M16): Pillars of Creation in a Star Forming Region, 1995 (NASA, ESA, STScI, J. Hester and P. Scowen, Arizona State University). 124 Figure 3.7. Sun over the Barne Glacier, autochrome photograph by Herbert Ponting, 1912 (© Royal Geographical Society [with IBG]). 126 Figure 3.8. Bear Lake, Bear Lake County, Idaho, photographed by William Henry Jackson, 1871, 57-HS-124 (National Archives). 127 Figure 3.9. Heavy pancake ice in which the Terra Nova was held up while trying to rescue the Northern Party, photographed by Herbert Ponting, 1912 (Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge). 127 Figure 3.10. Second photograph captured by Neil Armstrong after stepping onto the lunar surface during the Apollo 11 mission, July 20, 1969, AS11-40-5851 (NASA). x LIST OF IllUSTRATIONS 128 Figure 3.11. Steamboat Springs, Nevada, photographed by Timothy H. O’Sullivan, 1867, LC-USZ62-74452 (Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress). 129 Figure 3.12. Christmas Eve in the pack, photographed by Herbert Ponting, December 24, 1910 (© Royal Geographical Society [with IBG]). 129 Figure 3.13. Earthrise, rotated 90° right as typically shown in publications (NASA). 131 Figure 3.14. Alkali Lake, Carson Desert, Nevada, photographed by Timothy H. O’Sullivan, 1867, LC-USZ62-103091 (Prints & Photographs Division, Library of Congress). 131 Figure 3.15. Saved! Frank Hurley, 1917 (Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NEA~Ya:=~~~T?C:NA:=~~:C:Q:.,I~~;
    3 f~ ~:~~NEA~yA:=~~~T?c:NA:=~~:c:Q:.,I~~; . }RS:~cN ------------------------RELEASE NO, I FOR RELEASE' January 4, 1971 [ \_ ('. '~ '· APOLLO 14 STATUS REPORT Apollo 14 astronaut crew activities include physical examination at MSC, guidance and navigation system briefing, contingency (one-man) EVA simulation on January 5; lunar descent flight simulations with flight controller participation on January 6; lunar orbit and descent orbit insertion simulations with the flight controllers on January 7; EVA simulation with the flight controllers on January 8; and press interviews on January 9 at MSC Hypergolic propellants-- those which ignite spontaneously when the fuel and oxydizer meet-- will be loaded in the Apollo 14 spacecraft and in the auxiliary propulsion system of the Saturn third stage from January 4 to 8. Then RP-1 fuel will be loaded aboard the Saturn V first stage on January 9. Also during the week, spacecraft pyrotechnics will be installed, Saturn first stage engines will be leak-checked. and flight stowage of the modularized equipment stowage assembly in the lunar module descent stage will be accomplished. Preparations of the Apollo 14 space vehicle continue to proceed satisfactorily for a scheduled launching January 31 from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39. Fifteen potential Skylab astronauts are scheduled to visit Sacramento Peak Observatory, Sunspot. New Mexico for solar telescope training on January ' and 7. The second stage for the 13th Saturn V rocket departed the NASA Mississippi Test Facility December 30 aboard the barge Poseidon for the Kennedy Space Center. The stage is scheduled to arrive January 5 and go into temporary storage in the VAB The stage is planned for use in the Skylab program as part of the Saturn V rocket to place the orbital workshop into Earth orbit in late 1972.
    [Show full text]
  • Blackwire C310 USB Headset Product Sheet
    High-performance, entry-level price Comfortable and durable choice for PC calls and multimedia More UC headset for your UC dollar Blackwire® 300 Series The best-featured headset you never thought your budget could afford Blackwire 300 Series More headset for your UC dollar. Enter UC with the best-featured headset you never thought your budget could afford. Blackwire 300 Series USB headsets are a simple-to-use, comfortable, and durable choice for conference calls, Web-based training, and PC multimedia applications. Plus, they’re priced right, easy to deploy, and offer a simple-to-upgrade UC solution that IT can roll out easily and rely on. SIMPLICITY MEETS DURABLE DESIGN BASE MODELS FEATURE VALUE-ADD MODELS FEATURE LEATHERETTE FOAM EAR CUSHIONS EAR CUSHIONS THAT FOLD FLAT Durable, metal • Two wearing styles available: hi-fi stereo (C320/325) headband or monaural (C310/315) design • Blackwire 310/320 are the base models featuring basic foam ear cushions. • The Blackwire 315/325 are the value-add models that feature leatherette ear cushions that fold flat for easy portability. Blackwire 310 Blackwire 320 Blackwire 315 Blackwire 325 • Lightweight metal headband offers durability and (monaural, foam) (stereo, foam) (monaural, foldable) (stereo, foldable) a customizable, comfortable fit • Intuitive inline controls to answer/end calls, control volume, and mute Answer/end/mute/ Foldable, leatherette vol +/- controls ear cusions • Smartly placed indicator lights and helpful audio alerts give user call, mute, and volume status Noise-canceling microphone
    [Show full text]
  • Student Worksheets, Assessments, and Answer Keys
    Apollo Mission Worksheet Team Names _________________________ Your team has been assigned Apollo Mission _______ Color _________________ 1. Go to google.com/moon and find your mission, click on it and then zoom in. 2. Find # 1, this will give you information to answer the questions below. 3. On your moon map, find the location of the mission landing site and locate this spot on your map. Choose a symbol and the correct color for your mission (each mission has a specific symbol and you can use this if you like or make up your own). In the legend area put your symbol and mission number. 4. Who were the astronauts on the mission? The astronauts on the mission were ______________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 5. When did the mission take place? The mission took place from _______________________________________________ 6. How many days did the mission last? The mission lasted ______________________________________________________ 7. Where did the mission land? The mission landed at____________________________________________________ 8. Why did the mission land here? They landed at this location because ________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 9. What was the goal of the mission? The goal of the mission was_______________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
    [Show full text]
  • USGS Open-File Report 2005-1190, Table 1
    TABLE 1 GEOLOGIC FIELD-TRAINING OF NASA ASTRONAUTS BETWEEN JANUARY 1963 AND NOVEMBER 1972 The following is a year-by-year listing of the astronaut geologic field training trips planned and led by personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Branches of Astrogeology and Surface Planetary Exploration, in collaboration with the Geology Group at the Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas at the request of NASA between January 1963 and November 1972. Regional geologic experts from the U.S. Geological Survey and other governmental organizations and universities s also played vital roles in these exercises. [The early training (between 1963 and 1967) involved a rather large contingent of astronauts from NASA groups 1, 2, and 3. For another listing of the astronaut geologic training trips and exercises, including all attending and the general purposed of the exercise, the reader is referred to the following website containing a contribution by William Phinney (Phinney, book submitted to NASA/JSC; also http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/ap-geotrips.pdf).] 1963 16-18 January 1963: Meteor Crater and San Francisco Volcanic Field near Flagstaff, Arizona (9 astronauts). Among the nine astronaut trainees in Flagstaff for that initial astronaut geologic training exercise was Neil Armstrong--who would become the first man to step foot on the Moon during the historic Apollo 11 mission in July 1969! The other astronauts present included Frank Borman (Apollo 8), Charles "Pete" Conrad (Apollo 12), James Lovell (Apollo 8 and the near-tragic Apollo 13), James McDivitt, Elliot See (killed later in a plane crash), Thomas Stafford (Apollo 10), Edward White (later killed in the tragic Apollo 1 fire at Cape Canaveral), and John Young (Apollo 16).
    [Show full text]
  • Space Reporter's Handbook Mission Supplement
    CBS News Space Reporter's Handbook - Mission Supplement Page 1 The CBS News Space Reporter's Handbook Mission Supplement Shuttle Mission STS-125: Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 Written and Produced By William G. Harwood CBS News Space Analyst [email protected] CBS News 5/10/09 Page 2 CBS News Space Reporter's Handbook - Mission Supplement Revision History Editor's Note Mission-specific sections of the Space Reporter's Handbook are posted as flight data becomes available. Readers should check the CBS News "Space Place" web site in the weeks before a launch to download the latest edition: http://www.cbsnews.com/network/news/space/current.html DATE RELEASE NOTES 08/03/08 Initial STS-125 release 04/11/09 Updating to reflect may 12 launch; revised flight plan 04/15/09 Adding EVA breakdown; walkthrough 04/23/09 Updating for 5/11 launch target date 04/30/09 Adding STS-400 details from FRR briefing 05/04/09 Adding trajectory data; abort boundaries; STS-400 launch windows Introduction This document is an outgrowth of my original UPI Space Reporter's Handbook, prepared prior to STS-26 for United Press International and updated for several flights thereafter due to popular demand. The current version is prepared for CBS News. As with the original, the goal here is to provide useful information on U.S. and Russian space flights so reporters and producers will not be forced to rely on government or industry public affairs officers at times when it might be difficult to get timely responses. All of these data are available elsewhere, of course, but not necessarily in one place.
    [Show full text]
  • And Ground-Based Observations of Pulsating Aurora
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2010 Space- and ground-based observations of pulsating aurora Sarah Jones University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Jones, Sarah, "Space- and ground-based observations of pulsating aurora" (2010). Doctoral Dissertations. 597. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/597 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPACE- AND GROUND-BASED OBSERVATIONS OF PULSATING AURORA BY SARAH JONES B.A. in Physics, Dartmouth College 2004 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics May, 2010 UMI Number: 3470104 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMT Dissertation Publishing UMI 3470104 Copyright 2010 by ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This edition of the work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 This dissertation has been examined and approved.
    [Show full text]
  • International Space Medicine Summit 2018
    INTERNATIONAL SPACE MEDICINE SUMMIT 2018 October 25–28, 2018 • Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy • Houston, Texas INTERNATIONAL SPACE MEDICINE SUMMIT 2018 October 25–28, 2018 • Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy • Houston, Texas About the Event As we continue human space exploration, much more research is needed to prevent and/or mitigate the medical, psychological and biomedical challenges spacefarers face. The International Space Station provides an excellent laboratory in which to conduct such research. It is essential that the station be used to its fullest potential via cooperative studies and the sharing of equipment and instruments between the international partners. The application of the lessons learned from long-duration human spaceflight and analog research environments will not only lead to advances in technology and greater knowledge to protect future space travelers, but will also enhance life on Earth. The 12th annual International Space Medicine Summit on Oct. 25-28, 2018, brings together the leading physicians, space biomedical scientists, engineers, astronauts, cosmonauts and educators from the world’s spacefaring nations for high-level discussions to identify necessary space medicine research goals as well as ways to further enhance international cooperation and collaborative research. All ISS partners are represented at the summit. The summit is co-sponsored by the Baker Institute Space Policy Program, Texas A&M University College of Engineering and Baylor College of Medicine. Organizers Rice University’s Baker Institute for Public Policy The mission of Rice University’s Baker Institute is to help bridge the gap between the theory and practice of public policy by drawing together experts from academia, government, media, business and nongovernmental organizations.
    [Show full text]
  • 19.089-Poly Apollo 11 Factsheet R4v1
    APOLLO 11’S 50th ANNIVERSARY POLY CELEBRATES THE WORLD’S MOST ICONIC TRANSMISSION FROM SPACE, “ONE SMALL STEP FOR MAN…” When the world’s powers were in a race to Did You Know? space in the 1960s, NASA approached Plantronics Those famous words, “one small step for man, one giant (now Poly) with a seemingly impossible task: leap for mankind” were spoken through a Plantronics create a lightweight communication headset that headset, which was produced in just 11 days. would allow Astronauts to communicate with Plantronics was founded by two pilots who wanted to create Mission Control from the Earth to the Moon, and a lighter headset for use by pilots on long-haul ights. That back again. innovation set the stage for designing headsets for one of the Our response resulted in a partnership with NASA longest ights at the time, from earth to the moon—a hefty that spanned more than 25 missions into space, 238,900 miles. stretching the limits of human exploration. NASA chose Santa Cruz-based Plantronics because of their ability to produce light-weight headsets that were also very Now, 50 years later, Poly is celebrating the historic reliable. The headsets were designed to t into the lunar landing while continuing to press ahead with Communications Carrier or “Snoopy Caps” that the Astronauts the same dedication and focus on creating powerful wore underneath their helmets. connections that unify people a world over. Our Model MS50 aviation headset (pictured) was rst released by Plantronics in 1962. The same technology was used in the astronaut’s headsets as well as the headsets used within mission control facilities around the globe.
    [Show full text]
  • Pulsar 590 Series
    PULSAR 590 SERIES Plantronics Pulsar™ 590 Series Stereo Bluetooth® Headsets Ultimate wireless freedom—phone calls and stereo music in one headset Enjoy high fi delity stereo sound, voice clarity, and comfort—all without wires! The Plantronics Pulsar 590 Series Bluetooth Stereo Headsets seamlessly switch between your Bluetooth mobile phone and audio devices, so you’ll never miss a call while listening wirelessly to your favorite music or movies. The foldable headset design makes a convenient and portable package, perfect for anyone on the go. • High fi delity stereo sound, superior audio performance • Freedom to roam up to 33 feet from your Bluetooth device • Works with multiple Bluetooth devices: seamlessly switch between calls and music with multipoint technology • Up to 12 hours talk time and up to 10 hours audio listening time • Telescoping voice tube for clear calls • Foldable headset design for convenient travel and compact storage • Adjustable headband and pivoting pillow-soft ear cushions for superior fi t and wearing comfort • Dedicated buttons allow call and music control functions directly from the headset • Convenient desktop charging stand to charge and store your headset Turn your audio device into Stereo Bluetooth The Universal Adapter included with the Pulsar 590A plugs directly into most 3.5 mm audio devices, so you can enjoy Bluetooth stereo listening on laptops, PCs, PDAs, TVs, MP3 and DVD players, and home >>> >> Pulsar 590A shown in Desktop Charging Stand with Universal Adapter entertainment systems. PULSAR 590 SERIES
    [Show full text]
  • Go for Lunar Landing Conference Report
    CONFERENCE REPORT Sponsored by: REPORT OF THE GO FOR LUNAR LANDING: FROM TERMINAL DESCENT TO TOUCHDOWN CONFERENCE March 4-5, 2008 Fiesta Inn, Tempe, AZ Sponsors: Arizona State University Lunar and Planetary Institute University of Arizona Report Editors: William Gregory Wayne Ottinger Mark Robinson Harrison Schmitt Samuel J. Lawrence, Executive Editor Organizing Committee: William Gregory, Co-Chair, Honeywell International Wayne Ottinger, Co-Chair, NASA and Bell Aerosystems, retired Roberto Fufaro, University of Arizona Kip Hodges, Arizona State University Samuel J. Lawrence, Arizona State University Wendell Mendell, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Clive Neal, University of Notre Dame Charles Oman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology James Rice, Arizona State University Mark Robinson, Arizona State University Cindy Ryan, Arizona State University Harrison H. Schmitt, NASA, retired Rick Shangraw, Arizona State University Camelia Skiba, Arizona State University Nicolé A. Staab, Arizona State University i Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................2 Notes...............................................................................................................................3 THE APOLLO EXPERIENCE............................................................................................4 Panelists...........................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • Earthrise- Contents and Chapter 1
    EARTHRISE: HOW MAN FIRST SAW THE EARTH Contents 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes 2. Apollo 8: from the Moon to the Earth 3. A Short History of the Whole Earth 4. From Landscape to Planet 5. Blue Marble 6. An Astronaut’s View of Earth 7. From Cold War to Open Skies 8. From Spaceship Earth to Mother Earth 9. Gaia 10. The Discovery of the Earth 1. Earthrise, seen for the first time by human eyes On Christmas Eve 1968 three American astronauts were in orbit around the Moon: Frank Borman, James Lovell, and Bill Anders. The crew of Apollo 8 had been declared by the United Nations to be the ‘envoys of mankind in outer space’; they were also its eyes.1 They were already the first people to leave Earth orbit, the first to set eyes on the whole Earth, and the first to see the dark side of the Moon, but the most powerful experience still awaited them. For three orbits they gazed down on the lunar surface through their capsule’s tiny windows as they carried out the checks and observations prescribed for almost every minute of this tightly-planned mission. On the fourth orbit, as they began to emerge from the far side of the Moon, something happened. They were still out of radio contact with the Earth, but the on- board voice recorder captured their excitement. Borman: Oh my God! Look at that picture over there! Here’s the Earth coming up. Wow, that is pretty! Anders: Hey, don’t take that, it’s not scheduled.
    [Show full text]
  • The Following Are Edited Excerpts from Two Interviews Conducted with Dr
    Interviews with Dr. Wernher von Braun Editor's note: The following are edited excerpts from two interviews conducted with Dr. Wernher von Braun. Interview #1 was conducted on August 25, 1970, by Robert Sherrod while Dr. von Braun was deputy associate administrator for planning at NASA Headquarters. Interview #2 was conducted on November 17, 1971, by Roger Bilstein and John Beltz. These interviews are among those published in Before This Decade is Out: Personal Reflections on the Apollo Program, (SP-4223, 1999) edited by Glen E. Swanson, whick is vailable on-line at http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4223/sp4223.htm on the Web. Interview #1 In the Apollo Spacecraft Chronology, you are quoted as saying "It is true that for a long time we were not in favor of lunar orbit rendezvous. We favored Earth orbit rendezvous." Well, actually even that is not quite correct, because at the outset we just didn't know which route [for Apollo to travel to the Moon] was the most promising. We made an agreement with Houston that we at Marshall would concentrate on the study of Earth orbit rendezvous, but that did not mean we wanted to sell it as our preferred scheme. We weren't ready to vote for it yet; our study was meant to merely identify the problems involved. The agreement also said that Houston would concentrate on studying the lunar rendezvous mode. Only after both groups had done their homework would we compare notes. This agreement was based on common sense. You don't start selling your scheme until you are convinced that it is superior.
    [Show full text]