New Species and Records of Trypetinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) from China

Zootaxa 3710 (4): 333–353 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3710.4.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0CD6FB21-240F-4F46-A638-A2E90DF2F226 New species and records of Trypetinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) from China

XIAO-LIN CHEN, XIN-JIAN WANG & CHAO-DONG ZHU1 Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Eight new species of Trypetinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) from China are described and illustrated. The new species are Cor- nutrypeta chishuiensis Chen sp. nov., C. motuonia Chen sp. nov., Hoplandromyia hubeiensis Chen sp. nov., H. motuonica Chen sp. nov., Magnimyiolia disrupta Chen sp. nov., M. tengchongnica Chen sp. nov., M. tibetana Chen et Wang sp. nov. and M. yunnanica Chen et Wang sp. nov. Keys to the known species of the genera Cornutrypeta Han et Wang and Hop- landromyia Bezzi from the World, and the genera Magnimyiolia Shiraki from East Asia are updated and provided. C. spinifrons (Schroeder) is newly recorded from China, and the female of C. hunanica Chen et Wang is recorded, described and illustrated for the first time. Illustrations of the type of M. huanana Wang and a new distribution of C. hunanica Chen et Wang are provided.

Key words: Diptera, Tephritidae, Trypetinae, New species, China

Introduction

Recent field trips and sorting of several museum and donated materials to Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS) of Cornutrypeta Han et Wang, Hoplandromyia Bezzi and Magnimyiolia Shiraki has yielded several new species, together with new information on previously known taxa. These new findings enable an updating of the present knowledge of these genera, all of which belong in the tribe Trypetini in subfamily Trypetinae. The additional 8 new species are Cornutrypeta chishuiensis Chen sp. nov., C. motuonia Chen sp. nov., Hoplandromyia hubeiensis Chen sp. nov., H. motuonica Chen sp. nov., Magnimyiolia disrupta Chen sp. nov., M.tengchongnica Chen sp. nov., M. tibetana Chen et Wang sp. nov. and M. yunnanica Chen et Wang sp. nov. Keys to the species of Cornutrypeta Han et Wang and Hoplandromyia Bezzi from the World and Magnimyiolia Shiraki from East Asia are updated. Additionally, C. spinifrons (Schroeder) is recorded from China for the first time. The female of C. hunanica Chen et Wang is also newly recorded.

Terminology and abbreviations

The general morphological terminology follows White et al. (1999) and McAlpine (1981), while head descriptions of Cornutrypeta Han et Wang follow Han et al. (1993). Lengths of body and wing were measured in millimeters. The following acronyms are used for specimen depositories: IZCAS (Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China), IPPE (Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China), HU (Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P.R. China), YU (Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434023, P.R. China).

Cornutrypeta Han et Wang, 1993

Cornutrypeta Han et Wang, 1993: 169. Type species: Trypeta superciliata Frey, 1935, by original designation.

Accepted by D. Bickel: 2 Sept. 2013; published: 16 Sept. 2013 333 Diagnosis. Cornutrypeta is a sexually dimorphic genus. The generic diagnosis is only available for males, with the females being almost impossible to separate from those in the closely related genus Trypeta Meigen. Males differ from other Oriental and Palaearctic Trypetinae genera by the following combination of characters: (1) 3-5 frontal setae with at least 2 anterior ones greatly enlarged among remaining normal setae; (2) frons enlarged to accommodate the extensive elaboration of the anterior frontal setae; (3) glans with median granulate sclerite large, apicodorsal rod usually present (Han et al., 1993). The larvae of Cornutrypeta spinifrons (Shroeder) have been reported from Europe to mine the leaves of Solidago vergaurea and Aster sp. (Asteraceae) (White, 1988; Han et al., 1993). This is the only biological information available for the genus. With the addition of 2 new species described below, 14 species of this genus are recorded from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions, 12 of which occur in China.

An updated key to the species of Cornutrypeta Han et Wang

1. Scutum largely dark brown ...... 2 - Scutum almost entirely yellowish brown to orange-brown ...... 3

2. Wing with small brown spot from middle of cell r2+3 to costa ...... C. yushunia Han et Wang - Wing without such spot ...... C. nigritata (Wang) 3. Mediotergite dark brown...... 4 - Mediotergite yellow-brown...... 9 4. Head with 3 frontal setae in both sexes, the 3rd frontal seta 0.7 times longer than anterior 2 setae ...... C. superciliata (Frey) - Head with 4-5 frontal setae in males...... 5 5. Head with 4 frontal setae in males; antennae dark brown or yellow ...... 6 - Head with 5 frontal setae in males; antennae yellow-brown ...... 7

6 Wing with subapical band extending from vein DM-CU to cell r4+5; head with antennae dark brown . . . . . C. taiwanensis Han

- Wing with subapical band not extending into cell r4+5; head with antennae yellow ...... C. chishuiensis Chen sp. nov. 7. Wing with discal band not extending to cell dm ...... 8 - Wing with discal band extending to cell dm ...... C. spinifrons (Schroeder)

8. Wing with the subapical brown band incomplete, broken between r2+3 and midway across r4+5; scutum subshiny with large pre- sutural square black spot in middle of anterior margin, the cleft in its posterior margin deep; abdomen yellow-brown...... C. gansunica Chen et Wang - Wing with the subapical brown band almost complete; scutum subshiny with pre-sutural quadrate black spot in middle of anterior margin, the cleft in its posterior margin shallow; abdomen dark brown ...... C. hunanica Chen et Wang 9. Postpronotal lobe and upper 2/3 of anepisternum ivory white; 4 of 5 frontal setae in male greatly enlarged ...... C. nigrifemur Han et Wang - Postpronotal lobe and anepisternum mostly yellowish brown to orange-brown; male with fewer 4 enlarged frontal setae . . . 10 10. Scutum anteriorly with large quadrate black spot...... C. melanonotum (Brunetti) - Scutum without such spot ...... 11 11. Fifth tarsomere dark brown; head with single orbital setae ...... C. omeishana Han et Wang - Fifth tarsomere yellow-brown to orange-brown; head with two orbital setae ...... 12 12. Head with 3 pairs of frontal setae in male, 1st and 2nd seta enlarged, 3rd normal in shape; wing with small apical spot, never

extending to R2+3 ...... C. gigantocornuta Han et Wang - Head with 4 pairs of frontal setae in male, 1st, 2nd and 3rd seta enlarged, 4th normal in shape; wing with large apical spot, always

extending over the end of R2+3 ...... 13 13. Wing with short and obscure dark brown marks only partially covering crossveins R-M and DM-Cu. . . C. triceratops (Bezzi) - Wing with long and distinctive dark brown marks completely covering crossveins R-M and DM-Cu ...... C. motuonia Chen sp. nov.

Cornutrypeta chishuiensis Chen sp. nov. Figs 1–6

Description. Male: Length of body 6.0 mm, of wing 5.8 mm. Head (Fig. 1) yellow, higher than long, with frontal-head ratio 0.53, eye ratio 0.58, genal-eye ratio 0.26. Frons distinctly wider than eye, concave medially and elevated laterally. Face concave, slightly protuberant at ventral margin. All setae black; 4 frontal and 1 orbital. Frontal setae enlarged, 1st–2nd frontal setae very long and distinctly longer than frons, apically pointed; 3rd frontal setae smaller, about 0.60 times as long as 1stor 2nd setae; 4th about 0.80

334 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. FIGURES 1–6. Cornutrypeta chishuiensis Chen sp. nov. 1. Head, lateral view; 2. Wing; 3. Body, lateral view; 4. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 5. Scutum, dorsal view; 6. Abdomen, dorsal view.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 335 times as long as 3rd seta. Ocellars rudimentary; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex. Antennae yellow, distinctly shorter than face; 1st flagellomere dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. Thorax (Fig. 5) yellow-brown in ground colour, with black setae; 2 anepisternals and 2 scutellars; 1 dorsocentral seta, aligned slightly posterior to postsutural supra-alars; 1 prescutellar acrostichal setae. Scutum yellow-brown and subshiny with large black pre-sutural square bifurcate spot in middle of anterior margin, the cleft in its posterior margin smaller; the area close to scutellum pale yellow. Scutellum almost bare, pale yellow, slightly convex with basal setae about 2.0 times as long as scutellum. Mediotergite black. Legs entirely yellow; femora swollen; fore femur especially swollen and with row of posteroventral black setae; mid tibia with 1 black apical spine.

Wing (Fig. 2) with the apical mark extend up into cell r1 and down into cell m, subapical brown band incomplete, broken between middle of cell r2+3 and across cell r4+5; discal brown band extending from stigma to crossvein R-M, but slightly broken in cell r2+3 ; basal brown band extending from base of R2+ 3 to apex of cell bcu; cell sc about half as long as cell c; lobe of cell bcu short; crossvein R-M slightly proximal to middle of cell dm. Abdomen (Fig. 6) about 1.4 times as long as wide; shiny, yellow-brown ground colour with dark brown setulae; tergites 4–5 each with vague dark-brown to black lateral marks. Female: Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Suoluo Nature Reserve, Chishui, Guizhou Province, 2300m, 3–5 April 2010, collected by Wei Lianmeng et al (IZCAS). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Guizhou). Remarks. This new species has a similar wing pattern to C. gansunica Chen et Wang, but differs from the latter by having 4 frontal setae in male and scutum with smaller black pre-sutural square bifurcate spot in the anterior margin, also by different wing pattern details: the apical mark extend into cell r1; subapical brown band incomplete, broken between middle of cell r2+3 and across cell r4+5; discal brown band extends from stigma to crossvein R-M, but slightly broken in cell r2+3. This species is also similar to C. taiwanensis Han in having 4 frontal setae in male and dark brown postnotum, but differs from the latter by the distinct wing pattern and yellow antennae.

Cornutrypeta hunanica Chen et Wang, 2007 Figs 7–13

Cornutrypeta hunanica Chen et Wang, 2007, Entom. News. 118(5): 500. Holotype ♂ in IZCAS.

Description. Female: Length of body 7.5 mm, of wing 6.7 mm. Head (Fig. 7) yellow, higher than long, with frontal-head ratio 0.50, eye ratio 0.73, genal-eye ratio 0.20. Frons wider than eye, slightly concave medially and not elevated laterally. Face concave, slightly protuberant at ventral margin. All setae black; 5 frontal and 2 orbitals; frontal setae not enlarged. Ocellars rudimentary; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex. Antenna yellow-brown, shorter than face; 1st flagellomere dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. Thorax (Fig. 11) yellow to yellow-brown in ground colour, with black setae; 2 anepisternals and 2 scutellars; 1 dorsocentral seta, aligned with postsutural supra-alars; 1 prescutellar acrostichal setae. Scutum subshiny with pre- sutural quadrate bifurcate black spot in middle of anterior margin, the cleft in its posterior margin shallow. Scutellum almost bare, slightly convex (the basal setae lost). Mediotergite dark brown. Legs entirely yellow-brown; femora slightly swollen; fore femur with 5–6 posteroventral black setae; mid tibia with 1 black apical spine. Wing (Fig. 8) with large dark brown mark occupying the entire apex; subapical brown band almost complete; discal brown band extending from stigma to crossvein R-M; basal brown band extending from base of R2+ 3 to apex of cell bcu; cell sc about half as long as cell c; lobe of cell bcu short; crossvein R-M slightly beyond middle of cell dm.

336 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. FIGURES 7–13. Cornutrypeta hunanica Chen et Wang, 2007 7. Head, lateral view; 8. Wing; 9. Body, dorsal view; 10. Body, lateral view; 11. Thorax, dorsal view; 12. Abdomen, dorsal view; 13. Aculeus, dorsal view.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 337 Abdomen (Fig. 12) about 1.8 times as long as wide. Shiny, tergites 1–4 almost uniformly brown; tergites 5–6 brown with irregular dark brown marks. Oviscape black, somewhat tube-shaped, about 1.5 times as long as tergite 6; eversible membrane slightly shorter than oviscape; aculeus sharply pointed at apex (Fig. 13). Male: As originally described by Chen et Wang (2007). Biology. Unknown. Material examined: Holotype ♂ (IZCAS), China: Hunan: Zhangjiajie, 10 October 1985, Fa-sheng Li;1 ♂, China: Anshun, Guizhou Province, 1300m, 23–24 October 2010, collected by Wei Lianmeng & Cai Weiping et al (IZCAS); 2 ♂♂, China: Puding, Houchang, Guizhou Province, 1500m, 20 October 2007, collected by Wei Lianmeng et al (IZCAS); 1♀, China: Gaopo, Duyun, jianzhou, Guizhou Province, 1500m, October to December 2011, collected by Wei Lianmeng & Luo Mingjian (IZCAS) Distribution. China (Hunan, Guizhou). Remarks. The female of this species is recorded and described for the first time. The main morphological difference between female and male are as follows: 1) female frons just slightly concave medially and not elevated laterally (the male with frons distinctly elevated laterally); 2) frontal setae of female of normal size (the male with frontal setae greatly enlarged); 3) the female with eye relatively round and male with eye more oval in shape (eye ratio of female 0.73, male 0.64); 4) female abdomen narrower than male, about 1.8 times as long as wide (that in male is about 1.4 times).

Cornutrypeta motuonia Chen sp. nov. (Figs 14–19)

Description. Male: Length of body 5.5mm, of wing 6.3 mm. Head (Figs 14, 15) yellow-brown, higher than long, with frontal-head ratio 0.55, eye ratio 0.58, genal-eye ratio 0.42. Frons distinctly wider than eye, concave medially and elevated laterally. Face concave, slightly protuberant at ventral margin. All setae black; 4 frontal and 2 orbitals; 1st–3rd frontal setae enlarged, 1st–2nd frontal setae long and about as long as frons, apically blunt; 3rd frontal setae smaller, about 0.7 times as long as 1st or 2nd setae; 4th frontal setae smallest, about 0.5 times as long as 3rd setae. Ocellars moderately developed; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex. Antennae yellow, distinctly shorter than face; 1st flagellomere dorsoapically slightly pointed; arista pubescent. Thorax (Fig. 18) yellow-brown in ground colour, with black setae; 2 anepisternals and 2 scutellars; 1 dorsocentral seta, aligned with postsutural supra-alars; 1 prescutellar acrostichal setae (dorsocentral setae lost, but their basal holes clear). Scutum yellow-brown and subshiny, no black pre-sutural square spot in middle of anterior margin. scutellum almost bare, yellow-brown, slightly convex. Mediotergite yellow-brown. Legs entirely yellow-brown; the fore femur swollen; fore femur with 4–5 posteroventral black setae; mid tibia with 1 black apical spine.

Wing (Fig. 19) with a large and distinctive apical mark extending anteriorly into cell r1 and posteriorly into cell m, subapical brown band incomplete, broken in cell r2+3 and cell r4+5; discal brown band extending from stigma to crossvein R-M, basal brown band extending from base of R2+3 to apex of cell bcu; cell sc about half as long as cell c; lobe of cell bcu short; crossvein R-M distinctly behind the middle of cell dm. Abdomen about 1.3 times as long as wide; generally yellow-brown, but with dark brown setulae and vague dark marks on lateral margin of tergite 5. Female: Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Motuo (No.832), Xizang Province, 17 July 1979, collected by Jin Gentao and Wu Jianyi (IPPE, No.32014710). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Xizang). Remarks. This new species is similar to C. triceratops (Bezzi) in having 3 enlarged frontal seta on the head in males and a large and distinctive apical spot on the wing. It differs from the latter by having the wing with long and clear dark brown band covering each of veins R-M and DM-Cu, head with 3rd frontal seta in male distinctly weaker than the anterior 2 setae, and the antennae with 1st flagellomere dorsoapically slightly pointed.

338 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. FIGURES 14–19. Cornutrypeta motuonia Chen sp. nov. 14. Head, side view; 15. Head, front view; 16. .Body, lateral view; 17.Body, dorsal view; 18. Thorax, dorsal view; 19. Wing.

Spilographa spinifrons Schroeder, 1913:178; Niblett 1956:83; 1957:152. Vidalia spinifrons; Hendel 1927:73; Hering 1937:248; Person 1958:118; Stackelberg 1965:63; Foote 1984:146; Greve 1987:99; White 1988:40,57,64. Cornutrypeta spinifrons; Han, Wang et Kim 1993: 178.

Diagnosis. This species can be separated from other Cornutrypeta species by head with 5 frontal setae and a distinctive wing pattern. Material examined: 1 female, China: Kangding, Sichuan Province, 2700m, 10 August 2005, collected by Yang Zaihua (IZCAS) Distribution. China (Sichuan), Great Britain and Europe to northwestern Russia, North Korea.

Genus Hoplandromyia Bezzi

Hoplandromyia Bezzi, 1923: 577. Type-species: H. tetracera Bezzi, 1923, by original designation.

Diagnosis. This genus is closely related to Vidalia Robineau-Desvoidy by having 4–5 frontal setae, and most of them occurred on prominent tubercles, but differs from the latter by the following combination of characteristics: 1) male frons usually posteriorly produced into prominent tubercles; 3–4 pairs of frontal and 1 pair of orbital setae on tubercles, of which the 2nd frontal seta usually greatly enlarged and flattened, 3rd frontal seta often moderately enlarged; 2) generally blackish bodied; 3) typically with Philophylla-like wing pattern, with a large basomedian brown patch and a narrow C-shaped brown band in apical portion. With the addition of 2 new species described below, 9 species are now known, 5 of which are from the Afrotropical region, 1 from Malaysia, and 3 from China. The larvae of H. madagascariensis Hancock mine the leaves of Canthiun humberti (Rubiaceae) in Madagascar (Hancock, 1985).

An updated key to the species of Hoplandromyia Bezzi

1. Scutellum reddish ...... 2 - Scutellum yellow, sometimes with a narrow dark basal band...... 3 2. Wing cell c entirely dark or with only one small hyaline indentation near pterostigma. Distribute in Africa (Eritrea)...... H. distata (Munro) - Wing cell c with two distinct, triangular hyaline indentations. Distribute in South Africa...... H. junodi Bezzi 3. Wing with cell c completely dark, having no any hyaline indentations ...... 4 - Wing having 1–2 hyaline indentations in cell c ...... 5 4. Frontal setae 3 pairs, wing with an isolated C-shaped apical band. Distribute in Asia (China) ...... H. pulla (Wang) - Frontal setae 4 pairs, wing with C-shaped apical band connected to basal brown area near R-M crossvein. Distribute in Asia (China)...... H. hubeiensis Chen sp. nov. 5. Wing having 1 large hyaline indentation in cell c...... 6 - Wing having 2 hyaline indentations in cell c ...... 7 6. Wing having 1 large hyaline indentation near pterostigma; no hyaline spot in cell br below pterostigma; yellow band along upper margin of anepisternum narrow. Distribute in Africa (Cameroon)...... H. buhri Hering - Wing having 1 large hyaline indentation placed medially. Distribute in Africa (Reunion) ...... H. tetracera Bezzi 7. Head with 3 pairs frontal setae arising from tubercles on a carina, situated towards vertex; wing usually with an oval hyaline spot in cell br. Distribute in Africa (Madagascar)...... H. madagascariensis Hancock - Head with 4 pairs frontal setae; frons posterolaterally produced into broad, prominent tubercles; wing without a oval hyaline spot in cell br ...... 8 8. Head with 2nd frontal setae situated closer to base than middle of tubercles; pleura with a linear whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus. Distribute in Asia (China) ...... H. motuonica Chen sp. nov. - Head with 2nd frontal setae situated close to middle of tubercles; pleura with a broad whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus. Distribute in Asia (Malaysia)...... H. antelopa Hancock et Drew

Description. Male: Length of body 6.0 mm, of wing 5.8 mm.

FIGURES. 20–26 Hopladromyia hubeiensis Chen sp. nov. 20. Body, dorsal view; 21. Head, front-side view; 22. Head, front view; 23. Thorax, dorsal view; 24. Wing; 25. Body, lateral view; 26. Abdomen, dorsal view.

Head (Figs 21, 22) yellow, distinctly higher than long. Frons slightly wider than eye, posterolaterally produced into broad, prominent, yellow-brown to brown tubercles with outside more brownish and other sides more

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 341 yellowish. All setae black, 4 frontal and 1 orbitals.1st frontal setae hair-like and situated before tubercle; 2nd hair- like and situated on anterior side of tubercle; 3rd enlarged, longer than the tubercle, flattened, strong and situated at apex of tubercle; 4th slightly enlarged, about half length of tubercle, flattened and situated at upper 1/3 of posterior side of tubercle; orbitals hair-like and situated at base of rear side of tubercle. Ocellar triangle black, ocellars very weak, hair-like; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. .Antennae yellow, shorter than face; 1st flagellomere dorsoapically rounded; arista short pubescent. Occiput flat, blackish-brown, with a row of thin black occipital bristles. Thorax (Fig. 23). Scutum shining blackish-brown; humeral calli yellow; pleura blackish-brown, except for a broad yellow-whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus; postnotum black; scutellum yellow. Bristles well developed and black, 2 anepisternals and 2 scutellars; 1 dorsocentral seta, aligned with postsutural supra-alars; 1 prescutellar acrostichal setae. Legs. Yellow to yellow-brown except hind femur dark brown; fore femur with a row of black setae posteriorly; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 24). Hyaline in ground colour; cell c completely dark, without any hyaline indentations; dark brown in basal and middle part, but with a small linear hyaline indentation in the base of cell r1, a square hyaline indentation near to pterostigma in cell r1, a large triangular hyaline indentation in the apical of cell r1 extending continuously to cell r4+5; posterior part of wing with a dark brown C-shaped band along costa to apex and through DM-Cu crossvein to wing margin, and connected to basal brown areas near r-m crossvein; a very small hyaline spot in cell br and the hyaline area in cell cu2 being large, almost occupying 2/3 of cell cu2.Cell sc slightly shorter than cell c; vein R4+5 sparsely setose to R-M crossvein; R-M crossvein distinctly beyond middle of discal cell; DM- Cu crossvein moderately inclined; lobe of cell bcu produced. Abdomen (Fig. 26) oval; completely blackish-brown and shining. Female. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Houci, Wufeng, Hubei Province, 19 July 2002, collected by Xing Jianbo (YU). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Hubei). Remarks. The wing pattern of this species is somewhat similar to that of H. antelopa Hancock et Drew, in which the C-shaped band is normally connected to the basal dark brown area. It differs from the latter by the following character combinations: 1) wing without hyaline indentations in cell c?in antelopea with 2 hyaline indentations in cell c); 2) wing with a very small hyaline spot in cell br (in antelopea with no hyaline spot in cell br); 3) wing with the hyaline area in cell cu2 large, almost occupying 2/3 of cell cu2 (in antelopea the hyaline area in cell cu2 small, only occupying less than 1/2 of cell cu2); 4) legs yellow except hind femora dark brown ( in antelopea legs with femora and anterior parts of mid and hind tibiae blackish, remainder fulvous); 5) face yellow (blackish-brown in antelopea).

Hopladromyia motuonica Chen sp. nov. (Figs 27–33)

Description. Male: Length of body 5.5 mm, of wing 5.6 mm. Head (Figs 29, 30) yellow to brown, distinctly higher than long. Frons about the same width as eye, posterolaterally produced into broad, prominent, yellow to brown tubercles (its dorsal side more yellowish and other sides more brownish). All setae black, 4 frontal and 1 orbital. 1st frontal setae hair-like and situate before tubercle; 2nd hair-like and situated on the basal front side of tubercle; 3rd enlarged, slightly longer than tubercle; flattened, strong and situated at apex of tubercle; 4th slightly enlarged, slightly shorter than half length of tubercle; flattened and situated at the upper 1/3 of posterior side of tubercle; orbitals hair-like and situated at base of posterior side of tubercle. Ocellar triangle black, ocellars very weak, hair-like; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Antennae brown, shorter than face; 1st flagellomere dorsoapically rounded; arista short pubescent. Occiput flat, blackish brown. Thorax (Fig. 31). Scutum shining blackish brown to black; humeral calli yellow to brown; pleura blackish

342 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. brown, except for a narrower yellow-whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus; postnotum black; scutellum yellow. Bristles well developed and black, 2 anepisternals and 2 scutellars; 1 dorsocentral seta, slightly behind postsutural supra-alars; 1 prescutellar acrostichal setae.

FIGURES 27–33. Hopladromyia motuonica Chen, sp. nov. 27. Body, dorsal view; 28.Body, lateral view; 29. Head, lateral view; 30. Head, front view; 31. Thorax, dorsal view; 32. Abdomen, dorsal view 33. Wing.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 343 Legs yellow to dark-brown, femora dark brown, tibiae yellow-brown and tarsi yellow; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 33). Hyaline in ground colour; cell c dark brown with two hyaline indentations; dark brown in basal and middle part with a small hyaline indentation in the base of cell r1, a large triangular hyaline indentation near pterostigma in cell r1 extending continuously to cell r4+5; posterior part of wing with an isolated dark brown C- shaped band, not connected to basal and middle brown areas. Cell sc distinctly shorter than cell c; vein R4+5 sparsely setose to R-M crossvein; R-M crossvein distinctly beyond middle of discal cell; DM-Cu crossvein moderately inclined; lobe of cell bcu produced. Abdomen (Fig. 32) oval; completely blackish brown and shining. Female: unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Motuo, Xizang Province, 14 August 2003 1100m, collected by Wang Mingfu (IZCAS). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Xizang). Remarks. The wing pattern is generally similar to that of H. antelopa Hancock et Drew, but differs from the latter by having 2nd frontal setae situated closer to base than middle of tubercles (in antelopea, 2nd frontal setae situated close to middle of tubercles), and pleura with a linear whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus (in antelopea, pleura with a broad whitish stripe across top of anepisternum to humeral callus).

Genus Magnimyiolia Shiraki, 1933

Magnimyiolia Shiraki, 1933: 285. Type species: Magnimyiolia jozana Shiraki, 1933, by original designation. Agaristina Hering, 1953: 514. Type species: Agaristina picea Hering, 1953, by original designation.

Diagnosis. This genus differs from other Trypetinae genera by the following combination of characters: 1) head about 1.5 to 2.0 times as high as long; frons nearly horizontal; vertical length of face usually longer than frons or at least twice as long as antennae; face almost perpendicular in profile; 2) head typically with 3 pairs of frontal and 2 pairs of orbital setae; ocellars moderately developed; dorsocentral setae situated well behind a line with postsutural supra-alars; 3) wing hyaline with banded pattern (except in convexifrons Chen); vein R4+5 setose to crossvein R-M or about level with crossvein DM-Cu; lobe of cell bcu relatively short; 4) oviscape long and flat, usually as long as tergites 3–5. With the addition of 4 new species described below, 13 species are presently known from the Eastern Palaearctic, Oriental and Australasian Regions, 6 of which occur in China. M. tumifrons (Chen, 1948) from China has been moved from this genus to Hemilea Loew and M. fusca (Ito, 1949) from Japan had been regarded as a synonymy of H. tumifrons (Chen) by Wang in 1996 (Wang, 1996). Hence, the above 2 species were excluded from the following key of Magnimyiolia from East Asia. The biology of the genus is unknown.

An updated key to known species of Magnimyiolia Shiraki from East Asia

1. Wing predominantly brown, with cells bc and c hyaline to pale yellow and anal lobe entirely hyaline . . M. convexifrons Chen - Wing hyaline in ground colour with yellow to brown markings...... 2 2. Wing with a complete Y-shaped yellow to brown patch in middle portion of wing; abdomen with tergites 1–3 without irregular dark brown marks ...... 3 - Wing without a complete Y-shaped yellow to brown patch in middle portion of wing ...... 5 3. Wing with cell c clear, without any marks or spots; abdomen with tergites 3–5 having dark brown marks at each lateral margins ...... M. yunnanica Chen et Wang sp. nov. - Wing with cell c having yellow brown to dark brown marks or spots; abdomen without above pattern ...... 4 4. Wing with the apical band somewhat P-shaped, the base of cell dm clear and all wing marks and bands dark brown...... M. tibetana Chen et Wang sp. nov. - Wing with the apical band somewhat reverse V-shaped, the base of cell dm with yellow mark, the wing marks and bands yellow...... M. hunana Wang

5. Hyaline indentation in cell m extending from wing posterior margin to vein R4+5 ...... 6

344 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. - Hyaline indentation in cell m extending from wing posterior margin, but not extending to vein R4+5 ...... 8 6. Wing with the dark brown discal band extending from the pterostigma to posterior margin of wing; oviscape reddish yellow, about as long as tergites 3–5 ...... M. jozana Shiraki

- Wing with the dark brown discal band extending from the middle of cell r1 to posterior margin of wing...... 7 7. Head with 3 frontal setae; wing with a small dark spot in cell c...... M. disrupta Chen sp. nov. - Head with 4 frontal setae; wing without a small dark spot in cell c ...... M. tengchongnica Chen sp. nov. 8. Mediotergite reddish brown to dark brown...... 9 - Mediotergite yellowish brown; lobe of cell bcu covered with small brown mark ...... M. interrupta Kwon

9. Apical 1/2 of cell r1 with 2 hyaline spots ...... 10

- Apical 1/2 of cell r1 almost entirely brown ...... M. media Ito 10. Frons more or less sloping; discal band widely separated from subapical band...... M. trajecticia Ito - Frons horizontal; discal band narrowly connected with subapical band...... M. sigmoidea Ito

Magnimyiolia disrupta Chen sp. nov. (Figs 34–40)

Description. Female: Length of body 7.8 mm, of wing 7.0 mm. Head (Fig. 34). Yellow, distinctly higher than long, about 1.5 times as high as long. Frons distinctly wider than eye. nearly horizontal; the vertical length of face obviously longer than frons and about 2.7 times as long as antennae; distinctly perpendicular in profile. Antennae yellow, 1st flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to tip, and dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. All setae black; 3 frontal and 2 orbitals; ocellars developed, as large as posterior orbitals; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex, postgena swallow. Thorax (Fig. 37). Almost completely yellow-brown. Scutum brown with two vague yellow-brown vittae extending from anterior margin to posterior margin, densely black pubescent; dorsocentral setae situated well behind a line with postsutural supra-alars. Scutellum yellow-brown. Legs. Yellow-brown, fore femur with a row of posteroventral setae; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 35). Hyaline in ground colour, with a distinctly disrupted Y-shaped yellow to brown band on middle portion and a somewhat reverse V-shaped brown band in apical portion, and a small dark-brown spot in cell c; cell sc relatively short, about 1/2 as long as cell c; vein R4+5 sparsely setose nearly to crossvein R-M, lobe of cell bcu moderately produced. Abdomen (Fig. 38). Predominantly yellow to yellow-brown, tergites 1–3 each with irregular dark brown marks; oviscape yellow and somewhat flat, about as long as tergites 5–6. Male. Unknown. Etymology: Named for having a distinctly disrupted Y-shaped brown band in middle portion of wing. Type. Holotype female, CHINA (no other collection data, only with a NO.38) (IZCAS). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China. Remarks. The wing pattern of this species is somewhat like that of M. jozana Shiraki, without a complete Y- shaped yellow to brown patch in middle portion and hyaline indentation in cell m extending from posterior margin of wing to vein R4+5. It differs from the latter by wing with the dark brown discal band extending from the middle of cell r1 to posterior margin, cell c with a small dark spot and abdomen tergites 1–3 each with irregular dark brown marks.

Magnimyiolia hunana Wang, 1996. (Figs 41–46)

Magnimyiolia hunana Wang, 1996: 178.

Diagnosis. This species is easily separated from other known Magnimyiolia species by having a complete Y- shaped yellow to brown mark in middle portion of wing; the wing apical band somewhat reverse V-shaped; the base of cell dm with yellow mark; wing with cell sc comparatively short, about 1/2 as long as cell c; mid femur with 4–5 strong ventral setae; abdominal tergites 3–5 each with a pale brown band on anterior margin.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 345 FIGURES 34–40. Magnimyiolia disrupta Chen sp. nov. 34. Head, lateral view; 35. Wing; 36. Body, dorsal view; 37. Thorax, dorsal view; 38. Abdomen, dorsal view; 39. Body, lateral view; 40. Aculeus, dorsal view

346 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. FIGURES 41–46. Magnimyiolia hunana Wang, 1996. 41. Head, front-lateral view; 42. Head, lateral view; 43. Body, dorsal view; 44. Thorax, dorsal view; 45. Abdomen, dorsal view; 46. Wing.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 347 Material examined. Holotype male, CHINA: Hunan: Sangzhi: Tianpingshan (29. 3 N, 110. 1 E), 21. VII. 1987 (IZCAS). Distribution. China (Hunan).

Magnimyiolia tengchongnica Chen sp. nov. (Figs 47–52)

Description. Male: Length of body 6.4 mm, of wing 6.8 mm. Head (Fig. 49). Yellow, higher than long, about 1.7 times as high as long. Frons distinctly wider than eye, nearly horizontal; the vertical length of face about as long as frons and about 2.0 times as long as antennae; nearly perpendicular in profile. Antennae yellow, 1st flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to tip, and dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. All setae black; 4 frontal and 2 orbitals; ocellars developed, as large as posterior orbitals; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex, postgena swallow. Thorax (Fig. 52). Almost completely yellow-brown. Scutum brown with some irregular and vague yellow marks, densely black pubescent; dorsocentral setae situated well behind a line with postsutural supra-alars. Scutellum yellow-brown. Legs. Yellow-brown, fore femur distinctly swollen and with a row of strong black posteroventral setae; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 50). Hyaline in ground colour, with a distinctly disrupted Y-shaped yellow to brown band on middle portion and a somewhat reverse V-shaped brown band in apical portion; cell sc relatively short, about 1/2 as long as cell c; vein R4+5 sparsely setose nearly to crossvein R-M, lobe of cell bcu moderately produced. Abdomen (Fig. 51). Predominantly yellow to yellow-brown, tergites with some irregular dark brown marks. Female. Unknown. Etymology. This species is named after the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Laifeng Mountain, tengchong, Yunnan Province, 15 May 2004, collected by Yang Xiujuan and Liu Yushuang (HU). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. The wing pattern of this species is generally like that of M. disrupta Chen sp. nov., but it differs from the latter by having 4 frontal setae on head, wing without a small dark brown spot in cell c, fore femur distinctly swollen and with a row of strong black posteroventral setae.

Magnimyiolia tibetana Chen et Wang sp. nov. (Figs 53–60)

Description. Male: Length of body 8.7 mm, of wing 8.5 mm. Head (Fig. 54). Yellow, distinctly higher than long, about 1.5 times as high as long. Frons wider than eye, nearly horizontal; the vertical length of face about as long as frons and about 2.0 times as long as antennae; nearly perpendicular in profile. Antennae yellow, 1st flagellomere gradually narrowing from base to tip, and dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. All setae black; 3–4 frontal and 2 orbitals (one side 3 and other side 4 frontal setae); ocellars well developed, as large as anterior orbitals; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex, postgena swallow. Thorax (Fig. 60). Scutum completely yellow-brown, densely black pubescent; dorsocentral setae situated well behind a line with postsutural supra-alars. Scutellum yellow-brown. Legs. Yellow-brown, fore femur with a row of posteroventral setae; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 57). Hyaline in ground colour, with a distinctly Y-shaped dark brown band on middle portion and a somewhat P-shaped dark brown band in apical portion, the Y-shaped band connected with the apical band in cell cu2; several separate dark brown marks in cell c, bm, br and bcu; cell sc short, about 0.5 times as long as cell c; vein

R4+5 sparsely setose to R-M crossvein; lobe of cell bcu moderately produced.

348 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. FIGURES 47–52. Magnimyiolia tengchongnica Chen sp. nov. 47. Body, dorsal view; 48. Body, lateral view; 49. Head, lateral view; 50. Wing; 51. Abdomen, dorsal view; 52. Thorax, dorsal view.

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 349 FIGURES 53–60. Magnimyiolia tibetana Chen et Wang sp. nov. 53. Body, lateral view; 54. Head, lateral view; 55. Wing (female); 56. Post part of female abdomen, lateral view; 57. Wing (male); 58. Female abdomen, dorsal view; 59. Post part of female abdomen, dorsal view; 60. Thorax, dorsal view.

350 · Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press CHEN ET AL. Abdomen. Predominantly yellow-brown, tergites 4–5 slightly darker, without obvious dark brown marks, tergite 5 about 2.0 times as long as tergite 4. Female. Only known from the Paratype, it differs from the male in wing with Y-shaped band not connected with apical P-shaped band in cell cu2 (Fig. 55). Oviscape black and shinning, flat, distinctly narrower than tergites 5–6 (Figs 56, 59). Etymology: Named for the type locality. Types. Holotype male, China: Motuo, Xizang Province 1750m, 1980 V 21, collected by Jin Gentao and Wu Jianyi (IPPE, No.32202858). Paratype female, China: Kabu, Motuo, Xizang Province 1150m, 1980 V 13, collected by Jin Gentao and Wu Jianyi (IPPE, No.32202320). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Xizang). Remarks. The wing pattern of this species is similar to that of M. hunana Wang, but differs from the latter by the following characters: 1) wing with the apical band somewhat P-shaped (reverse V-shaped in hunana ); 2) wing with the base of cell dm clear (with yellow mark in hunana ); 3) abdomen tergites 3–5 without brown band across anterior margin (each with vague dark brown band across anterior margin of tergites 3–5 in hunana).

Magnimyiolia yunnanica Chen et Wang sp. nov. (Figs 61–66)

Description. Male: Length of body 6.0 mm, of wing 5.7 mm. Head (Fig. 61). Yellow, distinctly higher than long, about 1.5 times as high as long. Frons slightly wider than eye, nearly horizontal; the vertical length of face longer than frons and about 2.0 times as long as antennae; perpendicular in profile. Antennae yellow, 1st flagellomere dorsoapically rounded; arista pubescent. All setae black; 4 frontal and 2 orbitals (the 4th frontal weaker than the 1st–3rd); ocellars well developed, as large as anterior orbitals; genal, vertical and postocellars well developed. Occiput slightly convex, postgena swallow. Thorax (Fig. 64). Almost completely yellow-brown. Scutum ground yellow-brown with vague large yellow mark on anterior portion, densely black pubescent; dorsocentral setae situated well behind a line with postsutural supra-alars. Scutellum yellow-brown. Legs. Yellow-brown, fore femur with a row of posteroventral setae; mid tibia with 1 strong apical spur. Wing (Fig. 62). Hyaline in ground colour, with a distinctly Y-shaped dark brown band in middle portion and a somewhat P-shaped dark brown band in apical portion, a distinctly dark brown band extending from cell sc to the base of cell cua1 and connected to the Y-shaped mark in the base of cell r1 and cell r2+3; cell c and bc clear, without any dark brown marks or spots; cell sc about 0.63 times as long as cell c; vein R4+5 sparsely setose to R-M crossvein; lobe of cell bcu moderately produced. Abdomen (Fig. 66). Predominantly yellow to yellow-brown, tergites 3–5 with dark brown marks at each lateral margins, tergite 5 about 1.8 times as long as tergite 4. Female. Unknown. Etymology: Named for the type locality. Type. Holotype male, China: Benggangxinzhai, Mengsong, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province 1750m, 2011 VII 11, collected by Zhao Zhe (IZCAS). Biology. Unknown. Distribution. China (Yunnan). Remarks. The wing pattern of this species is similar to that of M. hunana Wang, but differs from the latter by the following characters: 1) wing with cell c and bc clear (with brown spots in hunana); 2) wing with the base of cell dm clear (with yellow mark in hunana); 3) abdomen with tergites 3–5 having dark brown marks at each lateral margins (each with a pale brown band across anterior margin in.hunana).

NEW SPECIES AND RECORDS OF TRYPETINAE FROM CHINA Zootaxa 3710 (4) © 2013 Magnolia Press · 351 FIGURES 61–66. Magnimyiolia yunnanica Chen et Wang sp. nov. 61. Head, lateral view; 62. Wing; 63. Body, lateral view; 64. Thorax, dorsal view; 65. Body, dorsal view; 66. Abdomen, dorsal view.

We sincerely thank Dr. Amnon Freidberg (Department of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel) and Dr. David Hancock (Cairns, Australia) for review the manuscript and present valuable literatures, Mr. Wei Lianmeng (Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Anshun City, Guizhou 561000, China) and Dr. Wang Mingfu (Liaoning Key Laboratory of Evolution and Biodiversity, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, China) for donating specimens to IZCAS for this study; Mr.Yang Zaihua (Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou 55005, China) for collecting valuable specimens; Dr. Wu Jie and Dr. Zhu Weibing for the loan of IPPE (Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China) materials; Dr. Li Chuanren for the loan of YU (Yangtze University, Jingzhoui, 434023, P. R.China) materials; Dr. Ren Guodong and Dr. Ba Yibin for the loan of HU (Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, P. R. China) materials, Dr. Bernhard Merz (Genève, Switzerland) and Dr. Ho-Yeon Han (Yonsei University, Korea) for present important literatures, Mrs Chen Xuelin and Mr. Wang Yong for assisting in preparing photos and plates. This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31372169, 61273289, J1210002), National Special Science and Technology Foundation of China (2012FY111100), and Special Fund for Entry-Exit Inspections and Quarantine (201210079, 201010042).

Literature cited

Chen, S.H. (1948) Notes on Chinese Trypetinae. Sinensia, 18 (1–6), 69–123. Chen, X.L. & Wang, X.J. (2007) Two new species of the genus Cornutrypeta Han and Wang (Diptera: Tephritidae) from China. Entomologica News, 118 (5), 497–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3157/0013-872x(2007)118[497:tnsotg]2.0.co;2 Hancock, D.L. (1985) Trypetinae (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Madagascar. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 48, 283–301. Hancock, D.L. & Drew, R.A.I. (1994) New species and records of Asian Trypetinae (Diptera: Tephritidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 42, 555–591. Hancock D.L. (2005) A new combination in Pseudomyoleja Han & Freidberg (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae), with a key to Afrotropical species in the Trypetini. African Entomology, 13 (1), 168–171. Han, H.Y. (1996) A new Cornutrypeta species from Taiwan with notes on its phylogenetic relationships (Diptera: Tephritidae). Insecta Koreana, 13, 113–119. Han, H.Y., Wang, X.J. & Kim, K.C. (1993) Revision of Cornutrypeta Han and Wang, a new tephritid genus proposed for Oriental and Palaearctic species (Diptera: Tephritidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 24, 167–184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631293x00271 Hering, E.M. (1938) Entomological results from the Swedish Expedition 1934 to Burma and British India. Diptera: Fam. Trypetidae. [23. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Trypetidae]. Arkiv For Zoologi, 30A (25), 1–56. Hering, E.M. (1953) Results of the Archbold Expeditions: Fruchtfliegen (Trypetidae) von Neu-Guinea (Dipt.). Treubia 21, 507–524. Ito, S. (1949) Neue Trypetiden aus Japan (Diptera) (I). Insecta Matsumurana, 17 (1), 53–56. Ito, S. (1984) Lieferung 3. In: Die japanischen Bohrfliegen. Maruzen Co., Ltd., Osaka. pp. 97–144 (1985). [1984.03.22] Kwon, Y.J. (1985) Classification of the fruitfly pests from Korea. Insecta Koreana, 5, 49–112. McAlpine, F.J. (1981) Morphology and terminology. Adults 2. In: McAlpine, J.F., Peterson, B.V., Shewell, G. E., Teskey, H.J., Vockeroth, J.R. & wood, D.M. (Eds.), Manual of the Nearctic Diptera. Vol. 1. Agriculture Canada Monograph, 27, pp. 9– 63. Norrbom, A.L. (2004) Updates to biosystematic database of world diptera for tephritidae through 1999. Diptera Data Dissemination Disk. CD-ROM. Wang, X.J. (1996) The fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) of the East Asian Region. Acta Zootaxon Sinica, 21 (Supplement), 1– 338. White, I.M. (1988) Tephritid flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Handbooks for the identification of British insects 10 (5a), Dorset Press, London, 134 pp. White, I.M., Headrick, D.H., Norrbom, A.L. & Carroll, L.E. (1999) Glossary. In: Aluja, M. & Norrbom, A.L. (Eds.), ‘Fruit flies (Tephritidae): phylogeny and evolution of behavior’. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 881–924.