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Critical Discourse Analysis in Donald Trump‟S Speeches

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Critical Discourse Analysis in Donald Trump‟S Speeches CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN DONALD TRUMP‟S SPEECHES THESIS Submitted to the Board of Examiners In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Literature Degree at English Literature Departement by HUSNAYA SARAH AI150304 ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT ADAB AND HUMANITIES FACULTY STATE ISLAMIC THE UNIVERSITY SULTHAN THAHA SAIFUDDIN JAMBI 2019 MOTTO ْ ً ْ َ ْ َيا َدا ُوو ُد إِ َّنا َج َعل َنا َك َخلِي َفة ِفي اْل ْر ِض َفا ْح ُكم َب ْي َن ال َّنا ِس ِبال َح ِّق َو ََل َت َّت ِب ِع ا ْل َه َو ٰى َف ُي ِضلَّ َك َعن َسبِي ِل َّ َِّللا ۚ إِ َّن الَّ ِذي َن َي ِضلُّو َن َعن َس ِبي ِل َّ َِّللا َل ُه ْم َع َذا ٌب َش ِدي ٌد ِب َما َن ُسوا َي ْو َم ا ْل ِح َسا ِب - 62:83 The meaning: "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it will lead you astray from the way of Allah ." Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allah will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the Day of Account.‖ (Q.S Sad: 26)3 ―Hai Daud, sesungguhnya Kami menjadikan kamu khalifah (penguasa) di muka bumi, maka berilah keputusan (perkara) di antara manusia dengan adil dan janganalah kamu mengikuti hawa anafsu ,karena ia akan menyesatkan kamu dari jalan allah. Sesungguhnya orang-orang yang sesat dari jalan Allah akan mendapat azab yang berat. Kaarena mereka melupakan hari perhitungan.‖ (Q.S Sad: 26)4 3 The Noble Qur’an. (2016). Qur’an.com (Also Known as The Noble Qur’an, Al Quran, Holy Quran, Koran). Retrieved from https://www.quran.com. Accessed on September, 19th 2019 at 00:10 am. 4 Al-Hikmah.(2010). Qur’an Hafalan dan Terjemahan. Bandung: Penerbit Diponegoro. p.454 DEDICATION “In The Name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful” Prophet Muhammad SAW, who brought us from the darkness to the lightness I wholehearted dedicate this thesis to: I dedicate this thesis to my beloved ―Father‖ Suparno and ―Mother‖ Misnawati, thanks for your love and pray for my success and good life. Thank you so much because of both your hard work I can study I do love you My beloved brother Muhammad Yeyen and Sister Nuraniah thanks for your care and support. My beloved nephews Umar Abdurrahman As-Syafi‘i and Cantika Fajar. And also My beloved all family. The last, for everyone who helps to finish my thesis, thank you so much May Allah SWT always blessed us all, Aamiin ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Firstly, the writer wants to say Alhamdullilahirabil’alamin, all the praise to Allah SWT the lord of all creatures, for His Blessing from the starting point of my study until now the end of my study. After that, Shalawat and salam be upon to our Prophet Muhammad SAW, hopefully we will get His syafa’at later at The Last Day. Secondly, the writer would like to say thanks a lot of people who helped the writer in writing this thesis. The writer wants to say thanks to my supervisors Ulfatmi Azlan, SS., MA and Adang Ridwan, SS., M.Pd who have helped, guided, supported, and suggested me in writing this thesis. The writer also wants to say thanks for all classmates ELITE 2015 who have given additional suggestion and support to finish this thesis. To accomplish this thesis, the writer had been given one great deal to many people. So, the writer would like to say thanks for their contribution, they are: 1. Prof. Dr. H. Su‘aidi Asy‘ari, MA,. Ph.D as the rector of the State Islamic University of Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. 2. Prof. Dr. Maisah, M.Pd. I as the dean of Adab and Humanities Faculty. 3. Dr. Alfian, S.Pd, M.Ed as the fisrt Dean of Academic. Dr. H. M. Fadil, M.Ag as the second Dean of Finance, and Dr. Roudhoh, S.Ag., M.Pd.I as the third Dean of University Student of Adab and Humanities Faculty. 4. The Head of English Literature Department, Ulfatmi Azlan, S.S., MA and the secretary Dian Mukhlisa, MA who have given great supervised. 5. My beloved supervisors, Ulfatmi Azlan, S.S., MA and Adang Ridwan, SS., M.Pd who have given me ideas and provided great input to me in finishing this thesis. 6. My parents and my family who always understand, support and pray for me. ABSTRACT Sarah, Husnaya. 2019 : Critical Discourse Analysis in Donald Trump‟s Speeches. The student of English Literature Department of Adab and Humanities, University of Islamic Sultan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi Supervisor I : Ulfatmi Azlan, SS., MA Supervisor II : Adang Ridwan, SS., M.Pd This thesis describes about critical discourse in Donald Trump's speech. CDA is a discourse analysis related to the study of language or language usage. How language is viewed in discourse analysis. The objectives of this study are (1) to find out the types of CDA elements found in Donald Trump's speeches, and (2) to find out about social cognitive that is in Donald Trump's speeches. The writer uses the theory of Critical Discourse Analysis from Teun A. Van Dijk (1998). This research uses qualitative methods and also uses descriptive techniques to describe and analyze data. Stages of data collection conducted by writer using the theory Sudaryono (2006), including downloading videos and scripts, next reading and listening, finally finding the data and categorizing it. As for the analysis phase conducted by writer, namely, identifying the data, classifying the data, analyzing and making a conclusion. This analysis focuses on analyzing critical discourse on Donald Trump's speech text. From this analysis there are five types of CDA elements found in Trump's speech, namely: First: (1) Thematic which only has 1 category (2) Syntactic style which is divided into 5 categories, namely: Persuasion Management Impression Management Attribution Cohesion Pronoun (3) style semantics which are divided into 2 categories, namely: Background and Detail, Presupposition (4) force style which is divided into 1 category, namely: lexical choice (LC) (5) rhetorical force which is divided into 2 categories, namely: Repetition and irony of hyperbole . Second: from several elements that build social cognitive found: (1) emotional attachment (2) mind control (3) Mitigation of evidence (4) glorification (5) creating enemy (6) rhetorical actions. Keywords: Critical discourse analysis, language, types of CDA elements and social cognitive in CDA. ABSTRAK Sarah, Husnaya. 2019 : Analisis Kritik Wacana dalam Pidato Donald Trump. Jurusan Sastra Inggris. Fakultas Adab dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi. Pembimbing I : Ulfatmi Azlan, SS., MA Pembimbing II : Adang Ridwan, SS., M.Pd Tesis ini menggambarkan tentang analisis wacana kritis dalam pidato Donald Trump. CDA adalah analisis wacana yang berhubungan dengan studi mengenai bahasa atau pemakaian bahasa. Bagaimana bahasa dipandang dalam analisis wacana. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis elemen CDA yang ditemukan dalam pidato Donald Trump, dan (2) untuk mengetahui tentang kognitif sosial yang ada dalam pidato Donald Trump. Penulis menggunakan teori Analisis Wacana Kritis dari Teun A. Van Dijk (1998). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dan juga menggunakan teknik deskriptif untuk menggambarkan dan menganalisis data. Tahapan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan penulis menggunakan teori sudaryono (2006), diantaranya download video and skrip, kemudian membaca dan mendengar, terakhir menemukan data dan mengkategorikanya. Adapun tahap analisis yang dilakukan penulis yaitu, identifikasi data, klasifikasi data, analisis dan membuat kesimpulan. Analisis ini berfokus pada analisis wacana kritis pada teks pidato Donald Trump. Dari analisis ini terdapat lima jenis elemen CDA yang ditemukan dalam pidato Trump, yaitu: Pertama: (1) Tematik yang hanya memiliki 1 kategori (2) Gaya sintaksis yang terbagi menjadi 5 kategori, yaitu: Persuasi Impression Management Attribution Cohesion Pronoun (3 ) gaya semantik yang terbagi menjadi 2 kategori, yaitu: Latar Belakang dan Detail, Presuposisi (4) gaya yang terbagi menjadi 1 kategori, yaitu: lexical choice (LC) (5) gaya retorika yang terbagi menjadi 2 kategori, yaitu: Pengulangan dan ironi hiperbola. Kedua: dari beberapa elemen yang membangun kognitif sosial ditemukan: (1) kelekatan emosional (2) kontrol pikiran (3) Mitigasi bukti (4) pemuliaan (5) kraming musuh (6) aksi retorika. Kata kunci: Analisis wacana kritis, Bahasa, jenis elemen CDA dan kognitif sosial dalam CDA. TABLE OF CONTENT COVER .................................................................................................. APPROVAL ....................................................................................... ii LETTER OF RETIFICATION ...................................................... iii ORIGINAL THESIS STATEMENT ............................................... iv MOTTO ............................................................................................... v DEDICATION .................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................... vii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................... viii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................... ix TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................... x ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................... xii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Problem................................................ 1 B. Formulation of the Problem ............................................... 6 C. Limitation of Problem .......................................................
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