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Managing Forest Conflicts in the Context of Climate Change for the ASEAN Region

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Managing Forest Conflicts in the Context of Climate Change for the ASEAN Region Mitigation and Adaptation: Managing Forest Conflicts in the context of Climate Change for the ASEAN Region 27 February – 2 March 2012 Siem Reap, Cambodia COURSE REPORT Contents 1.0 Executive Summary .................................................................................................................. 2 2.0 Background ............................................................................................................................... 3 3.0 Course Evaluation ..................................................................................................................... 3 3.1 Course evaluation ................................................................................................................. 3 3.2 Resource person evaluation .................................................................................................. 5 4.3 Self-assessment ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.4 Trainers’ Observations ......................................................................................................... 7 4.0 Recommendations ..................................................................................................................... 7 Annex 1 – List of Participants ........................................................................................................ 9 Annex 2 – List of Resource Persons ............................................................................................. 12 Annex 3 – Course Program ........................................................................................................... 13 Annex 4 – Field Visit Program and Information .......................................................................... 19 Annex 5 - Level 1 Feedback Form ............................................................................................. 26 Annex 6 – Level 2 Participant self assessment ............................................................................. 30 Page 1 of 35 1.0 Executive Summary Climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts can increase the risk for conflict over forests and land: new policies and governance measures promote various changes that can affect tenure arrangements and rights. As a result of these measures, and linked with a general push to reduce deforestation and forest degradation through the REDD+ initiative, more claims over forests and land are being made. This trend is likely to continue as REDD+ develops. Nineteen participants, working in the forestry and/or conflict management sectors, from Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam successfully completed a course on “Mitigation and Adaptation: Managing Forest Conflicts in the context of Climate Change for the ASEAN Region”. The course, which was held 27 February to 2 March 2012 in Siem Reap, Cambodia, aimed to build the capacity to prevent and manage conflict in support of community forestry development. The course provided both the lens to view forest conflicts, and their relation to climate change, as well as tools to manage them. A field trip to Oddar Meanchey enhanced the learning experience by providing participants with the opportunity to practice what they have learned. At the end of the course, participants were requested to evaluate the course content, resource person and their own learning experience. General feedback was positive. Recommendations for future courses veered towards improving the field visit by interacting with the local communities in their own environment, and adapting content and delivery of presentations to suit the participants’ proficiency in English. Page 2 of 35 2.0 Background One of the mandates for RECOFTC in the ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework on Climate Change (ASFCC) is to build the capacity of the ASEAN1 Social Forestry Network (ASFN). Aimed primarily at ASEAN Member States and ASFN Secretariat, the focus of these capacity building exercises is to develop community forestry and strengthen its regional linkages to climate change adaptation and mitigation. The second, in a series of six capacity building exercises, was a course entitled “Mitigation and Adaptation: Managing Forest Conflicts in the context of Climate Change for the ASEAN Region”. The course, which was held 27 February to 2 March 2012 in Siem Reap, Cambodia aimed to build the capacity of forest sector stakeholders and conflict management practitioners to prevent and manage conflict in support of community forestry development. The course was designed to enable participants to: • Explain the scope and nature of natural resource management conflict, including the impacts of climate change mitigation and adaptation and its measures; • Analyze natural resource management conflict; • Assess options and strategies in conflict management; • Develop strategies for managing conflict and options presented by mitigation and adaptation measures for conflict management; and • Communicate, mediate, and negotiate to build long lasting agreements. The 19 participants from Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam (Annex 1) were representatives from government, NGOs, and industry who are working in the forestry and/or conflict management sector in the ASEAN region. The panel of resource persons and facilitators included forestry and climate change practitioners, and professional educators (Annex 2). The course provided both the lens to view forest conflicts, and their relation to climate change, as well as tools to manage them (Annex 3). A field trip to Oddar Meanchey enhanced the learning experience by providing participants with the opportunity to practice what they have learned (Annex 4). The design and development of the course was a joint collaboration between RECOFTC and ASFN, with additional support from the USAID-funded LEAF Program, and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC). The Forestry Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of the Royal Government of Cambodia provided local support and helped liaise with the PACT, the NGO that helps develop the REDD+ project in Oddar Meanchey. 3.0 Course Evaluation 3.1 Course evaluation Participants were provided with two types of feedback forms: Level 1 invites response on the administrative, logistical and technical aspects of the course; and Level 2 assesses the participant’s competences against conflict management and climate change specific attributes before and after the 1 The acronym ASEAN stands for Association of South East Asian Nations. It is made up of 10 member states in the region: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Page 3 of 35 course2 (Annexes 5 and 6). Overall, participants rated the course as successful. Chart 1 summarizes the average scores for the course. The 13 criteria below can be categorized into 5 sections: clear linkages between the objectives of the program and content; sufficiency and clarity of the course materials and exercises; comfort level of the venue, accommodation and logistics; conduciveness of the working environment; and suitability of the field site. Participants were asked to rate these criteria from 1 to 5, where 1 represents strongly disagree and 5 strongly agree. Chart 1: Participant’s Feedback Participant's Average Feedback Score Conflict management in the context of Climate Change 6.0 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 Clear objectives Clear enviornment stakeholders materials support selected Appropriate length Appropriate Conducive working working Conducive Good AccomodationGood Well interaction interaction with Well the learning learning process the Sufficient/clear/relevant Sufficient/clear/relevant Nice food & refrfeshments & food Nice Useful materials on materials the job Useful Field trip well contributed well contributed trip to Field Relevant content & & content activities Relevant Good administraive logistic administraive & Good Field sites were appropriately appropriately were sites Field Good Enviornment laerning Enviornment for Good The following conclusions can be drawn for the different sections: a. Clear linkages between the objectives of the program and content • The links between course objectives and contents delivered were clear. However, participants came with different expectations for the course: some expected more information regarding the international climate change platforms, whereas others wanted more information concerning the progress and composition of safeguards in REDD+. b. Sufficiency and clarity of the course materials and exercises • One key feedback was that time allocated for group exercises and exchanges were beneficial, but inadequate. Most participants opined that the depth and richness of experience amongst the group was not fully tapped into. It may have made a difference in instances where more illustrations were required to expound the theoretical sessions. • Some participants struggled initially with the theoretical sessions, but grew more confident 2 RECOFTC utilizes the Kirkpatrick system of monitoring and evaluation for capacity building exercises. There are four levels, each of which allows the capacity building trainer to track an individual’s progress over a period of a few years. Page 4 of 35 when case studies and exchanges of experiences were introduced. • A majority of the participants found the course
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