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Preparatory Survey Report on the Project for Expansion and Improvement of Water Supply System in Kampot and Sihanouk Ville in the Kingdom of Cambodia

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Preparatory Survey Report on the Project for Expansion and Improvement of Water Supply System in Kampot and Sihanouk Ville in the Kingdom of Cambodia DEPARTMENT OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY, MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY AND HANDICRAFT (DPWS-MIH) KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA PREPARATORY SURVEY REPORT ON THE PROJECT FOR EXPANSION AND IMPROVEMENT OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN KAMPOT AND SIHANOUK VILLE IN THE KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA MARCH 2015 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIHON SUIDO CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. WATER AND SEWER BUREAU, CITY OF KITAKYUSHU EXCHANGE RATE (based on the average exchange rate between May 2014 and July 2014) USD 1 ＝ JPY 102.87 KHR 1 ＝ JPY 0.025 PREFACE Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) decided to conduct the preparatory survey and entrust the survey to Consortium consist of Nihon Suido Consultants Co., Ltd. and Water and Sewer Bureau, City of Kitakyushu. The survey team held a series of discussions with the officials concerned of the Royal Government of Cambodia, and conducted a field investigations. As a result of further studies in Japan, the present report was finalized. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of the project and to the enhancement of friendly relations between our two countries. Finally, I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Royal Government of Cambodia for their close cooperation extended to the survey team. March, 2015 FUWA MASAMI Director General, Global Environment Department Japan International Cooperation Agency Summary 1. Overview of the Kingdom of Cambodia (1) Natural Conditions The total landmass of the Kingdom of Cambodia (hereinafter referred to as Cambodia) is approximately 181,000 km2 (a little less than the half of Japan’s total area). The Mekong River traverses the country from north to south, crossing the boundary with Lao PDR in the north. Tonle Sap Lake and a number of river systems are the dominant features forming the Central Plains which cover three quarters of the country. The Tonle Sap River runs off Tonle Sap Lake and joins with the Mekong River at the capital, Phnom Penh. To the north and northeast, near the boundaries with Viet Nam and Lao PDR, are mountain ranges with dense virgin forests and diverse wildlife. According to the 2013 census, Cambodia has an estimated population of 1,468,000. Cambodia, lying entirely within the tropics, has a hot and humid climate, which is divided into wet (June to October) and dry (November to May) seasons. Severe heat occurs in the second half of the dry season (February to April) and the day time temperature can rise to 35 to 40°C. The annual average precipitation is 1,584 mm. (2) Socio Economic Conditions Cambodia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita was 1,088 USD in 2014, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). This is relatively low in comparison to other countries in the region. Cambodia is still classified as one of the Least Developed Countries, with 36% of the labor force engaged in the primary sector of the economy, 23% and 41% in the secondary and tertiary sectors respectively. During the past ten years, Cambodia has enjoyed much more political stability and territorial unity than previous decades. The country has been experiencing significant economic growth. The average annual growth rate of GDP was 10% for four consecutive years from 2004 to 2007. Economic growth stalled in 2008 as a result of the worldwide financial crisis, falling to 0.1% in 2009, but recovering to 6.0% in 2010. The integration with the regional and world economies has been strengthening the country’s economic condition since the accession to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) in 1999 and the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2004. Although the population below the poverty line has fallen from over 50% in 2004 to around 20% in 2011, Cambodia still has a high percentage of poor people. Poverty reduction continues S - 1 to be an important priority. It is understood that comprehensive growth based on diversified industrial activities and productivity improvement is central to the promotion of income opportunities for the poor. 2. Background of the Project The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) is committed to the development of the water supply sector. In February 2003, the National Policy on Water Supply and Sanitation set the goal that “Everyone shall have sustained access to safe water supply and sanitation services and shall live in a clean, healthy and sustainable environment”. The National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) aims to boost the urban area access to safe water to 80% by 2015. The latest NSDP (2014-2018) states that the access to safe water should be 100% by 2025. After the civil war, with the support of the government of Japan (GOJ) and other donors, water supply capacity in Phnom Penh and major eight cities such as Siem Reap, has improved with the construction and rehabilitation of water supply facilities and related capacity building for operation and maintenance. The water supply capacities in other cities are still inadequate and not everyone in Cambodia is getting safe and clean water. In 2006 the Asian Development Bank (ADB) implemented the project to upgrade the water supply systems in 6 provincial capital cities, including Kampot City. In 2003 the World Bank (WB) implemented the upgrade of the water treatment plant in Sihanouk Ville City which is also a provincial capital city. Subsequently, the water distribution system of Sihanouk Ville City was replaced and expanded in 2013 by Japanese Grant Aid. In addition, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) carried out Capacity Building for Water Supply Systems in Cambodia (Phase 2) in 8 cities including Kampot and Sihanouk Ville from 2007 to 2012. Capacity Building for Water Supply Systems in Cambodia (Phase 3) is ongoing to enhance the management capability. Kampot and Sihanouk Ville benefitted from the infrastructure improvements and technology transfer provided by the GOJ and other donors. Nevertheless, safe water access rate for these two cities is still only 50%, because of insufficient production capacity of the existing facilities and low intake volume in dry season. Therefore, the expansion of water supply facilities in these cities is an urgent matter. In August 2013, the RGC made a request to the GOJ for Grant Aid for the Project for Expansion S - 2 and Improvement of Water Supply System in Kampot and Sihanouk Ville. After the series of discussions between Cambodian counterparts and Japanese officials held in June 2014, both sides agreed to conduct the project to expand water supply facilities in Kampot. The dredging and bank protection for Preak Tub Lake is dropped because of its limited benefit. Both sides agreed that the development in Sihanouk Ville would be determined after the completion of a water demand projection study up to the year 2030, and a preliminary assessment of potential water sources required to meet the projected water demand. Therefore, this project was formulated for Kampot City only. The project is implemented with the support of the GOJ to increase access to safe water and improve water supply services by expanding water supply facilities in Kampot City. The project will contribute to a better living environment in Kampot City. 3. Results of the Preparatory Survey and Scope of Project (1) Results of the Preparatory Survey JICA dispatched a preparatory survey team to Cambodia twice in 2014 on the dates shown below. First Assignment in Cambodia: May 27 to September 24, 2014. Second Assignment in Cambodia: December 2 to 18, 2014 The survey team investigated the conditions of the existing water supply systems, social situation, project sites and water quality in Kampot. The size of the project was determined with due consideration to the requests from the Cambodian side. The basic design, project implementation schedule and the initial cost estimates were prepared, bearing in mind the funding criteria of a Grant Aid project. The Cambodian side agreed to increase the water supply capacity by 7,500 m3/day in Kampot, thereby raising the water supply ratio in the urban areas to 92% by 2021. S - 3 (2) Scope of the Project 1) Construction of Water Supply Facilities The water supply facilities that would be constructed are as follows: Intake and Raw Water Transmission Facilities Facility Specifications and dimensions Function Component Item Raw water Intake Shaft Main body Reinforced Concrete Structure intake Rectangular Shape: W3.00m x L5.70m (inner dimension) Depth 6.55 m (Depth at HWL 6.47 m) Intake Pump Room Reinforced Concrete Structure Rectangular Shape: W4.50 m x L9.00 m x H3.55 m (inner dimension) Control Room for Reinforced Concrete Structure Intake Pump Rectangular Shape: W5.10 m x L4.55 m x H4.00 m(under the beam) (inner dimension) Equipment: Power Receiving Panel, Operating Panel, Switchboard, Secondary Equipment Panel, Generator, Circumference Plumbing of Pump, Overhead Crane Intake Pump Intake Pump Single Suction Volute Pump 4 sets (Duty 3 sets, Facility Spare1 set） Temporary Earth-retaining wall Soldier pile with lateral lagging L=14.5m, Works Installation Length L=21.0m Soldier pile with lateral lagging L=13.0m , Installation Length L=13.5m Sandbag 3 steps stacking, Length: Foot of Slope L=30m Raw Water Raw Water Pipe DIPΦ400、L≒5400 m Transmission Transmission Main Water Treatment Facility Facility/Equipment Dimensions and specifications Function Component Item Water Receiving Reinforced Concrete Structure Treatment Well Internal Dimension: 1.60 m width × 2.30 m length × 4.50 m depth Facility Volume and Detention Time: V=16.56m3、T=2.89min in dry season (T≧1.5 min) Cascade Aerator; 5steps,
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